CN1106730A - Method and apparatus for producing patterned shaped article - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of producing a patterned shaped article includes the steps of forming a course of dry particles on a base surface; using an air flow controller having either a suction port or a blow port or both a suction port and a blow port to cause an air flow to form a cavity in the dry particle course by removing a part of the particles thereof under the control of at least one parameter among air pressure, air flow rate, air flow speed, air flow direction, air flow pulsation, air flow intermittence, suction port size, blow port size, suction port position and blow port position; charging the cavity with a different type of dry particles; and allowing the particles to set into an integral mass, also provided is an equipment for implementing the method.

Description

Method and apparatus for producing patterned shaped article

The present invention relates to a kind of method of producing patterned molded article with the air stream controller, more specifically to producing patterned concrete forming goods, patterned artificial stone molded article, be used to sinter into the patterned raw produce of ceramics forming goods, patterned ceramics forming goods, patterned metal forming goods, the patterned thick shaping goods that are coated with, patterned plastics forming goods, the method of patterned shaping food etc., and the device that is used to produce patterned molded article.

Up to the present, for the pattern of indication crossing, stop flag or other traffic control mark is set on a part of surface in the street of for example laying, perhaps on the whole surface in street pattern is set, unique method is with the applying coating surface of for example paint or embeds required pattern.

Because be coated to the part or all of lip-deep pattern of laying the street is exposed to the wheel of footwear that for example come the pedestrian that walks on the comfortable street and the vehicle that travels on the street wearing and tearing, they promptly are worn and need and regularly apply again.This workload is sizable.And when embedding pattern, this work itself trouble and expensive.

An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method and apparatus that is used for various types of band pattern-forming goods of the picture on surface that forms by the patterned layer of using air stream controller and computer control to produce to have by predetermined thickness.

For reaching this purpose, the invention provides a kind of method of producing patterned molded article, comprise the steps: on substrate surface, to form the particle that one deck is done; Use has an air entry or a blowing mouth or not only has air entry but also have blowing mouth air stream controller to produce air stream, and pass through in air pressure, air mass flow, air velocity, airflow direction, the pulsation of air stream, the periodicity of air stream, air entry size, blowing mouth size, the control of at least one removes the part of degranulation down in air entry position and these parameters of blowing mouth position, and forms a cavity in dried stratum granulosum; In cavity, insert a kind of dissimilar dried particle, and make particle form a monoblock.

The present invention also provides a kind of device of producing band pattern-forming goods, it comprises: the cavity with an air stream controller that is arranged on the dried stratum granulosum that is formed on the substrate surface forms device, this air stream controller has at least one air entry and a blowing mouth and produces air stream with in air pressure, air mass flow, air velocity, airflow direction, the pulsation of air stream, the periodicity of air stream, the air entry size, the blowing mouth size, at least one control forms a cavity down in air entry position and these parameters of blowing mouth position in dried stratum granulosum by a part of removing degranulation; And the device that is used for infeeding a kind of dissimilar particle to the cavity that forms.

Thereby use air stream controller according to the method for production band pattern-forming goods of the present invention with an air entry and/or a blowing mouth, and the air pressure of computerizeing control, throughput, flow velocity, flow direction is conducted to the pulsation of flowing of air of air entry or blowing mouth and mobile periodicity, the air entry size, the blowing mouth size, in air entry position and these parameters of blowing mouth position at least one, thereby can produce patterned molded article accurately in enormous quantities.By the description of this invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage will become obviously for a person skilled in the art, in the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 (a) is the perspective view of first example of the molded article of the present invention's production;

Fig. 1 (b) is one type perspective view of the air entry that uses among the present invention;

Fig. 2 (a) is a cross sectional view, and the situation of using air entry shown in Fig. 1 (b) to form a cavity in stratum granulosum is shown;

Fig. 2 (b) is for illustrating the sectional view that is formed at the cavity in the stratum granulosum;

Fig. 2 (c) is for illustrating the sectional view of the cavity that is filled with a kind of dissimilar particles;

Fig. 3 (a) is a sectional view, illustrates by air entry is inserted and forms cavity in the stratum granulosum;

Fig. 3 (b) is for illustrating the sectional view that is formed at the cavity in the stratum granulosum;

Fig. 3 (c) is for illustrating the sectional view of the cavity that is filled with a kind of dissimilar particles;

Fig. 4 (a) is a sectional view, illustrates by using one to be equipped with the air entry of a cover dish and the cavity that forms in stratum granulosum;

Fig. 4 (b) is for illustrating the sectional view that is formed at the cavity in the stratum granulosum;

Fig. 4 (c) is for illustrating the sectional view of the cavity that is filled with a kind of dissimilar particles;

Fig. 5 (a) is a sectional view, illustrates by using one to be equipped with the air entry of a cover dish and a breather pipe and the cavity that forms in stratum granulosum;

Fig. 5 (b) is for illustrating the sectional view that is formed at the cavity in the stratum granulosum;

Fig. 5 (c) is for illustrating the sectional view of the cavity that is filled with a kind of dissimilar particles;

Fig. 6 (a) is the perspective view of second example of the molded article of the present invention's production;

Fig. 6 (b) is one type perspective view of the blowing mouth that is equipped with a cover dish that uses among the present invention;

Fig. 7 (a) is a cross sectional view, illustrates by the blowing mouth shown in Fig. 6 (b) being inserted dearly in the stratum granulosum and the cavity that forms in stratum granulosum;

Fig. 7 (b) is for illustrating the sectional view that is formed at the cavity in the stratum granulosum;

Fig. 7 (c) is for illustrating the sectional view of the cavity that is filled with a kind of dissimilar particles;

Fig. 8 (a) is a sectional view, and the cavity that forms at stratum granulosum by the blowing mouth that is arranged on the stratum granulosum is shown;

Fig. 8 (b) is for illustrating the sectional view that is formed at the cavity in the stratum granulosum;

Fig. 8 (c) is for illustrating the sectional view of the cavity that is filled with a kind of dissimilar particles;

Fig. 9 (a) is a sectional view, illustrates by a more shallow degree of depth in the blowing mouth insertion stratum granulosum being formed at the cavity in the stratum granulosum;

Fig. 9 (b) is for illustrating the sectional view that is formed at the cavity in the stratum granulosum;

Fig. 9 (c) is for illustrating the sectional view of the cavity that is filled with a kind of dissimilar particles;

Figure 10 (a) is a sectional view, illustrates by inserting the cavity that is formed in the stratum granulosum in the stratum granulosum with the blowing mouth of cover dish;

Figure 10 (b) is for illustrating the sectional view that moves further formation cavity by the cover dish of blowing mouth;

Figure 10 (c) is for being formed at the sectional view of the cavity in the stratum granulosum;

Figure 10 (d) is the sectional view of the cavity that wherein is filled with a kind of dissimilar particle;

The perspective view of the 3rd example that Figure 11 (a) makes for the shaping that the present invention is shown produces;

Figure 11 (b) is for being used for the present invention's the air entry and the perspective view of blowing mouth;

Figure 12 (a) sectional view that the air entry that be arranged in parallel and blowing mouth are formed at the cavity in the stratum granulosum of serving as reasons;

Figure 12 (b) is for illustrating the sectional view that is formed at the cavity in the stratum granulosum;

Figure 12 (c) is for wherein being filled with a kind of sectional view of cavity of dissimilar particles;

Figure 13 (a) is a sectional view, illustrates by air entry with respect to the blowing mouth that air entry tilts and is formed at cavity in the stratum granulosum;

Figure 13 (b) is for illustrating the sectional view that is formed at the cavity in the stratum granulosum;

Figure 13 (c) is for wherein being filled with a kind of sectional view of cavity of dissimilar particles;

Figure 14 (a) is a sectional view, illustrates by air entry and places blowing mouth in the air entry to be formed at the cavity of stratum granulosum;

Figure 14 (b) is for illustrating the sectional view that is formed at the cavity in the stratum granulosum;

Figure 14 (c) is for wherein being filled with the sectional view of the cavity of dissimilar particles;

Figure 15 (a) is a sectional view, illustrates by a blowing mouth and to place air entry in the blowing mouth to be formed at the cavity of stratum granulosum;

Figure 15 (b) is for illustrating the sectional view that is formed at the cavity in the stratum granulosum;

Figure 15 (c) is for wherein being filled with the sectional view of the cavity of dissimilar particles;

Figure 16 (a) is the perspective view of first example of end stop;

Figure 16 (b) is the perspective view of second example of end stop;

Figure 16 (c) is the perspective view of the 3rd example of end stop;

Figure 16 (d) is the perspective view of the 4th example of end stop;

Figure 16 (e) is the perspective view of the 5th example of end stop;

Figure 17 is the perspective view that first example that utilizes the building mortion of blowing is shown;

Figure 18 is the schematic diagram of the operation of the gas flow controller of building mortion shown in explanation Figure 17;

Figure 19 is the perspective view that second example that utilizes the building mortion of blowing is shown;

Figure 20 (a) for explanation when the closing gate of particle feeding box, the schematic diagram how gas flow controller of the building mortion shown in Figure 19 is operated;

Figure 20 (b) is for illustrating when the gate of particle feeding box is opened the schematic diagram how gas flow controller of the building mortion shown in Figure 19 is operated;

The schematic diagram how Figure 21 operates for another example of explanation gas flow controller;

Figure 22 is the perspective view that utilizes first example of air-breathing building mortion;

Figure 23 utilizes the schematic diagram of operation of first example of the gas flow controller of air-breathing building mortion for explanation;

Figure 24 (a) for explanation when the air-supplied beginning of port closing of particle feeding box, the schematic diagram that utilizes the air stream controller of air-breathing building mortion how to operate;

Figure 24 (b) is for illustrating when gate is opened the schematic diagram how gas flow controller shown in Figure 24 (a) is operated;

Figure 24 (c) is for illustrating when the extension of gate and air supply pipe is all closed the schematic diagram how the air-flow behaviour system device shown in Figure 24 (a) is operated;

Figure 24 (d) closes and cuts off air when supplying, the schematic diagram how gas flow controller shown in Figure 24 (a) is operated for explanation when gate and extension;

Figure 25 utilizes the 3rd schematic diagram how example is operated of the air stream controller of air-breathing building mortion for explanation;

The schematic diagram how first example of the gas flow controller of Figure 26 and building mortion of blowing air-breathing for explanation utilizes is operated;

Figure 27 is second schematic diagram how example is operated that the gas flow controller of the building mortion that utilizes air-breathing and air blowing is described;

Figure 28 is the 3rd schematic diagram how example is operated that the gas flow controller of the building mortion that utilizes air-breathing and air blowing is described;

Figure 29 (a) is for illustrating air entry, the schematic diagram of first example of the setting of blowing mouth and particle inlet;

Figure 29 (b) is for illustrating air entry, the schematic diagram of second example of the setting of blowing mouth and particle inlet;

Figure 29 (c) is for illustrating air entry, the schematic diagram of the 3rd example of the setting of blowing mouth and particle inlet;

Figure 30 (a) is for illustrating the air entry of being arranged to the triple tube structure, the schematic diagram of first example of blowing mouth and particle inlet;

Figure 30 (b) is for illustrating the air entry of being arranged to the triple tube structure, the schematic diagram of second example of blowing mouth and particle supply opening;

Figure 30 (c) is for illustrating the air entry of being arranged to the triple tube structure, the schematic diagram of the 3rd example of blowing mouth and particle supply opening;

Figure 30 (d) is for illustrating the air entry of being arranged to the triple tube structure, the schematic diagram of the 4th embodiment of blowing mouth and particle inlet;

Figure 30 (e) is for illustrating the air entry of being arranged to the triple tube structure, the schematic diagram of the 5th embodiment of blowing mouth and particle inlet;

Figure 30 (f) is for illustrating the air entry of being arranged to the triple tube structure, the schematic diagram of the 6th embodiment of blowing mouth and particle inlet;

The schematic diagram of Figure 31 (a) for air entry and the particle inlet of being arranged to double pipe structure being shown and being arranged on first example of the blower in the interior pipe;

The schematic diagram of Figure 31 (b) for air entry and the particle inlet of being arranged to double pipe structure being shown and being arranged on second example of the blower in the interior pipe;

The schematic diagram of Figure 31 (c) for air entry and the particle inlet of being arranged to double pipe structure being shown and being arranged on first example of the blower in the outer tube;

The schematic diagram of Figure 31 (d) for air entry and the particle inlet of being arranged to double pipe structure being shown and being arranged on second example of the blower in the outer tube;

The schematic diagram of first example of Figure 31 (e) for air entry and the particle inlet of being arranged to double pipe structure being shown and being arranged on the blower in the outer tube outside;

The schematic diagram of second example of Figure 31 (f) for air entry and the particle inlet of being arranged to double pipe structure being shown and being arranged on the blower in the outer tube outside;

Figure 32 (a) is the perspective view that the air entry of the another kind of type that is equipped with a dividing plate is shown;

Figure 32 (b) is the perspective view that the air entry of the each type that is equipped with the cover dish is shown, and wherein overlapping dish type becomes groove U-shaped framework down;

Figure 32 (c) is the perspective view that the air entry of another type that is equipped with a cover dish that can rotate around it is shown;

Figure 33 (a) is the perspective view that first example of air entry and blowing mouth is shown;

Figure 33 (b) is the perspective view that second example of air entry and blowing mouth is shown;

Figure 33 (c) is the perspective view that the 3rd example of air entry and blowing mouth is shown;

Figure 34 (a) is for illustrating the perspective view of first example that is assembled into a plurality of air entries of arranging and blowing mouth;

Figure 34 (b) is for illustrating the perspective view of second example that is assembled into a plurality of air entries of arranging and blowing mouth.

The present inventor had applied for once before that a denomination of invention corresponding to Japanese patent application No.4-73221 was the application for a patent for invention (Chinese patent application No.93101570) of " methods of producing band pattern-forming goods "

The present invention improves the invention of front, and it provides a gas flow controller that is used for particle supply and removal, and can link to each other with a computer, so that produce various patterned molded articles.More particularly, according to the method for the production band pattern-forming goods of use gas flow controller of the present invention by any in the gas flow controller that is equipped with an air entry and/or a blowing mouth that uses various structures and by the control air pressure, air mass flow, air velocity, air-flow direction, the pulsation of air stream, the periodicity of air stream, the air entry size, the blowing mouth size, at least one parameter in air entry position and these parameters of blowing mouth position can be produced the molded article of the various patterns that have wide range.For for purpose of brevity, following description only limits to pattern shown in Fig. 1-15, and the present invention can also produce the pattern of other a large amount of forms.Fig. 1 (a) illustrates an example of molded article, the letter b of pattern wherein for representing with the site.Fig. 2-5 illustrates the example that forms cavity with the gas flow controller with air entry.Fig. 6 illustrates the example of pattern for the molded article of the mountain scene that produces from photo.Fig. 7-10 illustrates the example that forms cavity with the gas flow controller with blowing mouth.Figure 11 illustrates the example of the molded article of the letter that pattern represents with continuous lines.Figure 12-15 illustrates the example that gas flow controller that use not only had air entry but also had a blowing mouth forms cavity.

Gas flow controller used herein " is defined as a kind of have an air entry and/or a blowing mouth, is used for the device that stratum granulosum forms cavity that acts on by inhaling and/or blowing.

Although the particle that is used for forming the particle of stratum granulosum on substrate surface and is packed in the cavity that is formed at stratum granulosum is dried, they can absorb water oil, lubricated-binding agent, solvent, coagulating agent or fill out mould agent (if they not with water oil lubrication-binding agent, solvent, coagulating agent or fill out moulded the agent kneading) in one or more, and be in a kind of breakable state that is used to supply.

The round dot that forms the letter b pattern of molded article shown in Fig. 1 (a) is identical size.This molded article is can be used according to the invention any to have in air entry and the blowing mouth or gas flow controller that both all have forms.Yet for the sake of simplicity, following explanation only limits to use the gas flow controller that is equipped with the air entry 11 shown in Fig. 1 (b) to form the situation of cavity.Fig. 2 illustrates an example, and wherein air entry 11 is positioned on the dried stratum granulosum 1, to pick up particle from selected part.Air flows through one and is positioned at the domed region (seeing Fig. 2 (a)) at air entry center, thereby forms a hemi-spherical cavities 4(Fig. 2 (b) in stratum granulosum).In cavity 4, insert dissimilar particle Fig. 2 (c) then.Repeat above-mentioned same steps as then to produce other cavity of forming in the letter b pattern.At this moment, cavity does not arrive the bottom of stratum granulosum but stops midway.Although can form the cavity that passes completely through stratum granulosum by increasing inspiratory force when keeping the air entry constant dimension, the cavity that produces will be more much bigger than the diameter of air entry like this, and this is because increase the dispersion that inspiratory force will increase air stream.Fig. 3 illustrates air entry 11 is inserted to an example drawing particle near being positioned at the substrate surface of dried stratum granulosum 1.As Fig. 3 (a) with 3(b), in this case, air stream forms the cavity 4 of a Frusto-conical convergent, and it begins upwards to dilate the surface of stratum granulosum from a circle on the substrate surface.At this moment, have adjustable air entry of variable-diameter, only increase inspiratory force or change air entry and be located at the stratum granulosum size and dimension of the cavity that forms of the position-controllable system between the zone up and down by use.Fig. 4 illustrates the example that air-breathing young tip is equipped with a plate-like cover dish 13.In the cover dish 13 of contiguous air entry, be formed with the passage 14 of many diameters, thereby cover dish 13 is by stopping that most air stream allows air in a small amount to flow through passage 14 and controls air entry 11 ambient airs stream less than air entry 11 diameters.In the example shown in the figure, the air entry 11 of band cover dish 13 is positioned at particle synusia top to draw particle.Before the air that passes passage 14 is in rising up into air entry 11, walk downwards earlier, thereby form the little conical cavity of taper ratio cavity shown in Figure 3.When using being provided with as shown in Figure 4, preferably carry out air-breathingly with discontinuous pulse, thereby will being downward through passage with the pattern that strictness limits, air upwards enters in the air entry then.Can produce a kind of upper surface like this and extend to the lower surface cavity from stratum granulosum.Fig. 5 illustrates an example, and wherein air entry 11 is provided with a dish type cover dish 13, and diameter less than the breather pipe 15 of air entry 11 diameters be arranged at the contacted cover dish of air entry on.In illustrated case, the air entry 11 of band cover dish 13 and breather pipe 15 is positioned on the stratum granulosum 1 to draw particle.In this set, because air stream is concentrated by breather pipe 15, it limits more strictly than situation shown in Fig. 4, and is almost vertical thereby the wall of cavity 4 can form.In situation shown in Fig. 4, preferably also carry out air-breathingly with discontinuous pulse, guaranteeing one one-tenth strict air stream that limits, thereby make the stress of passing to remaining stratum granulosum minimum and guarantee to form level and smooth neat cavity 4.Air-breathingly prevent that pressure on the cavity wall from becoming and be negative value too much owing to become the strict air stream that limits to pass breather pipe and pulse, thereby can make the wall of cavity form almost vertical.

Form cavity 4 and in the cavity that forms, fill dissimilar particle 2(such as Fig. 2 (c) with said method by repeating, 3(c), 4(c) and 5(c) shown in), any generation letter b that is provided with shown in available Fig. 2-5.After the molded article that forms patterned dried stratum granulosum is finished, can make it be condensed into a monoblock at this state or in its polished back or after covering a back sheet.After forming, cavity 4 inserts dissimilar particle 2 although be preferably in immediately, if, also can spend some times and insert again if the surface of cavity forms one when equaling the angle at angle of repose of particle or the danger of subsiding and being eliminated.Inserting of particle can be undertaken by the whole bag of tricks of the prior art, comprises manual filling.Also can be with become whole particle loader to come pack grain with gas flow controller.Particularly, the particle inlet is arranged near the of air entry or blowing mouth or becomes whole with them, and from the pipe that links to each other with material storehouse bucket or from directly placing the feeding box feed above the inlet to come particle.

Fig. 6 (a) illustrates the molded article of the mountain scene pattern that a usefulness constitutes from the site by various sizes that a photograph is made.This molded article can be made with one or two the gas flow controller that has in an air entry and the blowing mouth according to the present invention.But for the sake of simplicity, the situation below only explaining is just with an elongated blowing mouth 12(Fig. 6 (b) is housed) gas flow controller form cavity, the length of this blowing mouth is bigger than the thickness of the dried stratum granulosum that forms on substrate surface.Fig. 7 illustrates an example, wherein after the bottom that blowing mouth 12 is inserted into the dried stratum granulosum of making 1 in framed 3 is near the substrate surface place, and blow out air from blowing mouth 12.The air that blows out from blowing mouth 12 rises (Fig. 7 (a)) along the tube wall of blowing mouth 12, forms diameter cylindrical cavity 4(Fig. 7 (b) bigger slightly than the diameter of blowing mouth 12 in stratum granulosum).Because air stream is limited by the wall of stratum granulosum 1, its stream becomes a track that makes progress fully, produces an elongated cylindrical cavity.Because air applies suitable malleation to the wall of cavity, this elongated cylindrical cavity 4 has the vertical wall (though this vertical extent is in fact relevant with the character of particle) that is soaked with sunk part.Change the size of blowing mouth 12 or keep the blowing mouth size constancy and the flow velocity that changes blow out air can make the diameter of the cylindrical cavity of formation change.Fig. 8 illustrates an example, and wherein the blowing mouth 12 with the upper surface top that is placed on stratum granulosum 1 comes particle is blown.Comparison diagram 7(a) and Fig. 8 (a) as can be known, with same air velocity and inlet scoop, the diameter of the cavity that forms in the example of Fig. 8 is bigger than the diameter of the cavity that obtains with the method for Fig. 7.Under the situation of Fig. 8 (a), air-flow is not subjected to the restriction of elongated tubular, and it spreads apart up to reaching balance, is deep in the particle gradually by the particle that blows stratum granulosum 1 open.When the beginning of process, because air-flow is not subjected to the restriction of stratum granulosum wall, the diameter of the cavity 4 of formation is bigger than the diameter of the cavity in the situation of Fig. 74.Can control shape and the size that forms cavity by the flow velocity that uses variable-sized blowing mouth or control air-flow.Fig. 9 (a) illustrates an example, and wherein air-flow comes blow out air with the middle part that is inserted into stratum granulosum 1 with the last two same blowing mouths of example and with same wind speed.This situation is the centre between Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, and the size of the cavity 4 of generation also is the centre between the cavity size of last two figure.Though in this example, air-flow is limited by the wall of stratum granulosum, still has level of freedom, and this just causes the cavity that obtains intermediate sizes little.Can understand that thus the flow velocity of the size that can not change blowing mouth by only changing the top that makes blowing mouth be in stratum granulosum or lower region or air-flow just can control the shape of the cavity of generation, size etc.Figure 10 (a) illustrates an embodiment, and wherein the blowing mouth 12 of Fig. 7 is loaded onto the cover dish 13 of a dish type, and it can move up and down along blowing mouth 12 outer walls, is used for making the air-flow folding to loose.In described method, elder generation forms elongated cylindrical cavity 4(Figure 10 (a) with the method for Fig. 7 (a)), then the cover dish 13 of refraction air-flow is fallen (shown in Figure 10 (b)) so that form the tapered zone of the enlarging that makes progress on elongated cylindrical cavity top.Can form an angle of repose on cylindrical cavity top like this.The air-flow that is controlled at the top of cavity vertical wall in this manner can be formed with the surface 5 at angle of repose, and it is very favourable, makes cavity be difficult for recessed stability can be provided at and to select the method and the time aspect of pack grain that the bigger free degree is arranged because produce.

Step by the cavity that is concatenated to form cavity 4 with said method and forms with 2 fillings of different particles (as Fig. 7 (c), 8(c), 9(c) and 10(d) shown in, arbitrary method is made mountain scene among available above-mentioned Fig. 7-10.After the molded article that is made of patterned dried stratum granulosum is finished, be frozen into a monoblock after can covering under this state or polishing back or with backing layer.Though preferably inner chamber 4 is used 2 fillings of dissimilar particles immediately after formation, if but the cavity that forms has the surface 5 that tilts with the angle that equals the particle angle of repose or has eliminated the danger of the cavity depression that forms pattern, also can be at time pack grain after a while.Pack grain can comprise and use the hand pack grain with the method for various prior aries.Also can be with become whole particle loader to carry out pack grain with gas flow controller.More particularly, the particle inlet can be arranged near air entry or the blowing mouth, or becomes whole with them, perhaps can be by the pipe supplying particle that links with a material storehouse bucket, or from directly placing the particle bucket supply particle of inlet top.

Figure 11 (a) illustrates and has by forming the molded article of pattern with English alphabet shown in the continuous lines.This molded article can form with one or two any gas flow controller that has in an air entry and the blowing mouth according to the present invention.But for the sake of simplicity, only explanation uses the gas flow controller of the air entry 11 that is equipped with shown in Figure 11 (b) and a blowing mouth 12 to form the situation of cavity.Figure 12 illustrates an example, wherein places one at the upper surface of dried stratum granulosum 1 and has an air entry 11 and and place near it diameter than the gas flow controller of its little blowing mouth 12, carries out air-breathing simultaneously and dries.Air is blown into the inside of stratum granulosum 1 from blowing mouth 12, through a u turn, and inhale mouth 11.The air major part that flows to air entry 11 is blown out by blowing mouth 12, and a spot of air is by sucking in its environment nearby.Therefore the amount by control inspiratory force and blow out air, speed, direction etc. can produce a U-shaped air-flow that clearly limits.Along with the particle that will remove twists in this air-flow, the pattern with the letter that will form moves on the surface of stratum granulosum 1 for air entry mouth 11 and blowing mouth 12, and the groove that vertical wall is arranged with generation is shown in Figure 12 (a).Preferably set up balance make air pressure face toward cell wall be rightly on the occasion of, and in order to guarantee to form the succeeding vat with vertical wall, pressure should keep no longer becoming low (though wall energy keeps vertically also depending on person's character of particle) than requiring.Change flow velocity by the size of change blowing mouth and/or air entry or the size of maintenance blowing mouth and air entry; Or change width that inspiratory force or other parameter can change the flute profile inner chamber, shape etc.In addition, make near the expansion of air entry air-flow produce body on the top of flute profile inner chamber by control and end the angle.Control flute profile inner chamber upper air has the advantageous effects of stable particle layer with the surface that forms the band angle of repose, so is providing the bigger free degree aspect the method for selecting pack grain and time.Figure 13 illustrates an example, wherein gas flow controller and Figure 12's is similar, but blowing mouth 12 separates with air entry a little and both press from both sides with an angle, air entry 11 is located at as the same height under the situation of Figure 12 with blowing mouth 12, and just air entry 11 and blowing mouth 12 are located at the upper surface of dried stratum granulosum 1.When drying with this device and when air-breathing, air-flow 12 down blows with an angle along the wedge shape track from blowing mouth, upwards flows into then (Figure 13 (a)) in the air entry 11.Shown in Figure 13 (b), formed cavity has trapezoidal shape, one skew wall is arranged and in air entry one side relative with blowing mouth 12 one vertical wall is arranged in blowing mouth 12 1 sides.When the line master drawing case that will form in this way shown in Figure 11 (a), preferably air entry 11 is placed on the place ahead and blowing mouth 12 is put behind.This is because in forming the process of inner chamber, and the air that is blown out by the inlet scoop that is located at the back moves the air entry inspiration that particle down is arranged on the place ahead simultaneously along feeding direction from wall, so formed inner chamber is in direct draught, and can not be subjected to negative pressure.Like this, can form the inner chamber of neatly and orderly with high efficiency.Figure 14 illustrates an example, and wherein gas flow controller is equipped with the blowing mouth 12 that down protrudes one section suitable length from the center of air entry 11, inserts at blowing mouth behind the bottom of sheet of particles 1 from blowing mouth 12 blow out air.Use this device, can shorten air into a thread.The flute profile inner chamber 4 that produces in this case is than narrower with the inner chamber that method produced of Figure 12 and Figure 13.Because inlet scoop 12 is positioned at core, this device can advance along any direction easily.Further load onto vertically moving dish type cover dish 13(as shown in figure 10), make the shape of air-flow refraction can change groove by using cover dish 13.Figure 15 is the example of a double pipe structure of imbody, and wherein blowing mouth 12 is one to encase the bread cast element of air entry 11.The air that blows out from blowing mouth 12 forms a bread cast air curtain, along with it before the bottom of stratum granulosum 1 and then towards centre convergence, do u turn at bottom air stream, be inhaled into again in the air entry 11.Intensity by the air that blows out relatively increases the convergence that inspiratory force can strengthen air-flow, and this causes the convergence of corresponding groove.

Arbitrary device of Figure 12-15 can be by forming the flute profile inner chamber 4 of the shape that requires with said method, the inner chamber of using dissimilar particles 2 filling tool various sizes and shape then is (as Figure 12 (c), 13(c), 14(c) and 15(c) shown in) be used for making patterns such as English alphabet.After the shaping product that the dried particle by model constitutes was finished, under this this state or after the polishing, or after covering with backing layer, it was frozen into a monoblock.Though cavity is preferably in their form after immediately with dissimilar grain packings, if the cavity that forms has the surface at angle of repose or has eliminated the danger that the pattern cavity of formation caves in, also can be at time pack grain after a while.Pack grain can comprise and use the hand pack grain with the method for various prior aries.Also can be with become whole particle loader to come pack grain with gas flow controller; more particularly; the particle inlet can be arranged near air entry or the blowing mouth; or become whole with them, perhaps can be by the pipe supplying particle that links with a material storehouse bucket or from directly placing the particle bucket supply particle of inlet top.

In any device, can use the gas flow controller of different shape and produce various patterns by at least one parameter in the pulsation, air-flow periodicity, air entry size, blowing mouth size, air entry position and the blowing mouth position that change air pressure, airflow rate, air velocity, airflow direction, air-flow.Can freely make the pattern of any type with any method that requires.

The diameter of single air entry and/or blowing mouth preferably is not more than the twice of stratum granulosum thickness.For producing thin the most handy thin blowing mouth of pattern characteristic and air entry.Make the diameter of blowing mouth be equal to or less than the thickness of stratum granulosum, can obtain the special air-flow that clearly limits.In order to obtain very straight air-flow and guarantee to form the cavity that clearly limits, preferably make the tube length of the pipe of blowing mouth and air entry be not less than three times of their diameters, make the air that is infeeded can form laminar flow.Consider the purpose of cover dish, preferably be provided with the one or more ventilation ducts that form laminar flow.

Be used for controlling the adjustable and air-breathing relevant parameter of air-flow and comprise the size of air entry, the upright position of air entry, air-breathing intensity (flow rate, flow velocity and pressure), air-breathing periodicity or pulsation, air-breathing direction, the location of cover dish etc., with the size of air intake duct, length and shape etc.Comprise size, the upright position of blowing mouth, the blow strength (flow rate, flow velocity and pressure) of blowing mouth for the control air-flow is adjustable with the relevant parameter of drying, the amount of the periodicity of blowing or pulsation, blowing, the eddy current amount of giving by blowing and the location of cover dish etc.The pipe that air entry and asepwirator pump are coupled together and can equip the control valve of adjuster and/or other type to the pipe that blowing mouth and compressor couple together can be controlled the air-flow that they control air entry and blowing mouth outside.In addition, the control signal of the control signal of the control signal of adjuster and other control valve, asepwirator pump, compressor etc. and positioner etc. can integrally be handled in a computer or a distribution control system.Best, it can make cavity that (rule) section is arranged clearly, or irregular section is arranged, or has other to require the cavity that forms.

Preferably set up balance make air pressure face toward cell wall be appropriate on the occasion of, in order to guarantee to form hole or the succeeding vat with vertical wall, pressure should keep no longer becoming low (though wall energy keeps vertically also depending on person's character of particle) than requiring.Under the situation that the inlet scoop is placed the stratum granulosum surface dry, the clear cavity that limits in order to produce thin, do not dry when being preferably in beginning with fixation pressure, but under low pressure begin, have shape and size at the inner chamber that forms and to make its wall opposing air pressure, with formed a U-shaped and curved when air-flow, can increase air pressure.Blowing and air-breathing combining when carrying out, also can be with same total process control, because it has guaranteed the clearly cavity of qualification.When with the air-breathing negative pressure that produces, under the situation of the cavity that forms site shape, being preferably in short pulse type handled in the cycle, because this can prevent to cause depression owing to sucking surrounding air, apply negative pressure because can reduce like this at any point and under the situation of wire, preferably increase the speed that forms line.

Under the situation of making the wire cavity, preferably suction hole is placed on the place ahead and blowing mouth is put behind.This is that the cavity of Xing Chenging is to be in direct draught like this, can stand negative pressure necessarily because being arranged on the air that the blowing mouth of back blows out along the wall of direction of advance peels off.As a result, can form a neat cavity with high efficiency.Similarly, only using under the air-breathing situation, preferably blow vent, breather pipe or other ventilation component are being located at the back and air entry is located at the place ahead so that it is exposed under the unnecessary negative pressure.

Can form the angle of repose by the control air-flow.More specifically, can air entry when mention the insertion position or form the shape of requirement by the size that enlarges variable air entry.Perhaps can regulate the angle of repose by the size of selected cover dish.Can there be the advantageous effects of stable particle layer on the surface that is formed with the angle of repose, like this there is the bigger free degree method and the time of selecting pack grain.A cover dish preferably is used to a lot of purposes, as adjusting the size that forms cavity, prevents that surrounding air from flowing into, and can fully utilize the stress of the air generation of flowing through blow vent like this, and produce the air-flow that forms the angle of repose.The cover dish not necessarily will have aforesaid discoid, and it can be oval-shaped or leg-of-mutton, or cross sectional shape is inverted U-shaped sagging shape.In addition, its unnecessary one-tenth flange-shape, and can be a solid, can be soft or hard.In addition, the cover dish can directly install on air entry or the blowing mouth, perhaps dresses up the length that can make air intake duct and blower and can regulate by vertical mobile cover dish.

In the time of in inhomogeneous particle 2 being filled in the stratum granulosum 1 inner chamber that forms, by plugging end stop 6(shown in Figure 16 (a) at starting point, terminal point and the bifurcation of pattern), and after finishing pattern, remove them and can guarantee to obtain very smooth pattern.

Though end stop 6 is being the H type shown in Figure 16 (a), they are not limited to this shape, and various other shapes can be arranged, shown in Figure 16 (b)-16(e).

Basal surface can be with the base plate of horizontal frame, thin slice, band, plate etc. or with the base plate of the press of two-way function or other type or with being placed on conveyer or conveyer belt or other lip-deep framed base plate that circulates.Stratum granulosum can be placed on the basal surface of plate, thin slice or other type, no matter just puts or puts upside down.Though the material of any kind can be used as base material, the most handy adhesive-bonded fabric, yarn fabric, paper etc.Because particle can match with the unevenness of these materials, this just has the stable effect in bottom surface that makes stratum granulosum.

In all cases, various types of gas flow controllers can be placed on the position of the requirement on the stratum granulosum with manual operations or with robot or other machine.In addition, if necessary, can on air entry or blowing mouth, adorn upper sheath cover or other auxiliary element, can load onto electromagnetic shaker or other servicing unit, the inlet of particle loader can also be set with air entry and blowing mouth.

Can design on request according to the gas flow controller that is used to form patterned molded article of the present invention, though can combine the different gas flow controller that designs wide region to several different methods and multiple setting, for the sake of simplicity, only the example shown in Figure 17-31 is illustrated below.

At the gas flow controller shown in Figure 17 one blowing mouth 12 is arranged, it links to each other with controlled adjuster 21 by a flexible pipe, and this adjuster 21 links to each other with the air compressor 22 that is used as the air source by flexible pipe again successively.Blowing mouth 12 is being supported by robot 23, can make Position Control in the XYZ coordinate system, can also do direction control by inclination.Adjuster, compressor and robot are by the whole control of the control signal of computer 24 outputs.This gas flow controller can be used for making molded article with Fig. 7,8,9 etc. method, but must carry out inhomogeneous grain packing in addition with hand or other device in the cavity of formation.Make under the situation of molded article in method, vertically moving dish type cover dish 13 is contained on the blowing mouth 12, as shown in figure 18 with Figure 10.

Gas flow controller shown in Figure 19 has a particle feeding box 25 that directly is positioned at the strap brake door of blowing mouth 12 tops.Blowing mouth 12 is linked to each other with a controlled adjuster 21 by a motor-driven valve 38 by flexible pipe, and this adjuster links to each other with the air compressor 22 that is used as source of the gas again successively.Blowing mouth 12 is contained on the bridge shape framework 26, and framework 26 can move along the XY direction, and blowing mouth framework 26 is for vertical movement relatively.Adjuster, compressor and robot are by the whole control of the control signal of computer 24.Particle feeding box 25 can be from a material storehouse bucket 27 particle of packing into when placing framework 26 1 ends.Because in gas flow controller, the feeder sleeve operation that feeding box 25 stretches out makes the air-flow refraction, and this gas flow controller not only is used in Fig. 7,8,9 the method, also is used in the method for Figure 10.In addition, shown in Figure 20 (a), the airborne part that be fed to blowing mouth 12 turn to by a branch and directly blow gate 25 at particle feeding box 25 ' the bottom.When the gate of feeding box 25 is opened, shown in Figure 20 (b), the particle in feeding box is fallen them by the air-flow fluidization easily.Because this set, open and closed shutter 25 ' can be fed to particle 2 in the cavity 4 by moment.Because this method can form a cavity earlier and wherein and not move any positioner with particle 2 fillings then, it can continued operation also improve operating efficiency widely.In addition, when this method is used in when forming cavity, blowing mouth and air entry are not inserted in the stratum granulosum 1, therefore can contact stratum granulosum and produce pattern, this is very desirable in making patterned molded article.Figure 21 illustrates an example, wherein air by control valve 28 by direct descendant flow into particle feeding box 25 gate 25 ' above the zone, and blowing mouth is positioned at by the side of inlet.Control valve 28 is opened so that pack grain when gate is opened.

In gas flow controller as shown in figure 22, a positioner 29 of being furnished with microcomputer is set above air entry 11.Air entry 11 links to each other with an aspiration pump 30 by flexible pipe, and this pump 30 can freely be controlled by use location controller 29.When forming cavity, air entry 11 and positioner 29 are held in the hand.Dissimilar particles is charged in the cavity and will carry out in addition with hand or other device.The main difference point of the controller of this gas flow controller and Figure 17-19 is that it is simple in structure.

Figure 23 illustrates another example of the gas flow controller that has air entry 11.Inhale section 32 by a spray and produce air-breathingly, spray is inhaled section 32 and is positioned at being right after the top and being made of air supply pipe 31 of air entry.Spray inhale section 32 above a position particle feeding box 25 that one strap brake door is housed link to each other with air intake duct.The cover dish 13 that is with a flange shape in air entry 11 outsides is used for limiting air-flow.One breather pipe 15 is housed on this cover dish 13.This entire system is by the device control of computer and so on, handle supply air is inhaled section 32 to spray air compressor 22 by them, one controllable adjustable device, be located at spray and inhale 38, one gates of motor-driven valve between section 32 and the air compressor 22 and the control signal of a location device (not shown).

Figure 24 illustrates an example, and wherein gas flow controller has air entry 1 and inhales section in an air-breathing spray above tight-lipped, and it replaces a valve with particle.Being provided with an air supply pipe 31 supply airs inhales 32, one of sections to spray inhomogeneous particle is sent into particle feeding box 25 in the stratum granulosum by a gate 25 ' link to each other with the mid portion of air supply pipe 31.Be provided with a motor-driven valve 38, a controlled adjuster 21 and an air compressor 22 successively in the upstream of particle feeding box 25.Shown in Figure 24 (a), the gate 25 of particle feeding box 25 ' closing, at this moment supply air.When gate 25 ' when opening, shown in Figure 24 (b), air stream is taken away the particle that falls in the particle feeding box 25.One takes away when particle, if closing gate but continue supply air, the particle 2 that then is pulled away will enter extension 31 that filter is housed ', shown in Figure 24 (b).Because particle is filtered device and blocks, they accumulate and block extension 31 '.When extension 31 ' be plugged, spray is inhaled section 32 and is begun to work, and shown in Figure 24 (e), directly the particle of the stratum granulosum below air entry is picked up, and forms cavity 4 in stratum granulosum 1.Cut off air feed forming cavity 4 backs, block extension particle 2(they be and stratum granulosum 1 inhomogeneous particle) no longer push extension 31 ' in, be filled in cavity 4 under the air entry 11 and drop by air entry 11, shown in Figure 24 (d).Above-mentioned steps has just formed pattern repeatedly.Perhaps, extension 31 ' import valve or gate also can be set it is opened or closed.This makes can compulsory change air-flow, postpones the filling of particle, or deal with the situation that can take place under the situation of some type of particle, just extension 31 ' can not block fully and make air continue to leak situation about walking from filter.This system is integrally controlled by computer and so on, handles the control signal of the gate and a location device (not shown) of the air compressor of ejector, the controlled adjuster that is positioned at the centre, feeding box with their.

Figure 25 illustrates another embodiment of the gas flow controller that has air entry 11.A particle feeding box 25 is set above air entry 11, and it is by a gate 25 ' link to each other with air entry 11.Have an air nozzle 34 to stretch in the air entry 11, stretch near gate 25 ' the below so that upwards blow.When gate 25 ' when opening, be blown into air in the particle feeding box 25 with nozzle and impel particle 2 fluidizations in the particle feeding box 25, make their easier dropping.Do not hinder the angle of air-flow to branch out an air intake duct that links to each other with aspiration pump 35 from air entry 11 with one.In described embodiment, in the bottom of air entry 11 a cover dish 13 is housed, it has a passage 14.But, as previously mentioned, this cover dish is set chooses wantonly.This system is by the whole control of computer and so on, and they handle the control signal of aspiration pump, gate, adjuster (not shown) and a location device (not shown).

Figure 26 illustrates an example of the gas flow controller that has blowing mouth 12 and air entry 11.Be provided with a particle loader 25 above air entry 11 tight, it is by a gate 25 ' link to each other with air entry.Be similar to the device of Figure 25, an air nozzle stretches in the air entry 11, stretch near gate 25 ' the below so that upwards blow, make particle 2 fluidizations, and make their easier dropping.Branch out an air intake duct 35 that links to each other with the axle air pump from air entry 11 with the angle that does not hinder air-flow.One blowing mouth 12 is arranged on the side of air entry 11, blows downwards with an angle.Blower 12 and air nozzle 34 same sources of the gas link to each other.This system handles the control signal of gate, aspiration pump (not shown), adjuster (not shown) and positioner (not shown) by the whole control of computer and so on.

Figure 27 illustrates another example of the gas flow controller that has blowing mouth 12 and air entry 11.Though its structure is identical with Figure 26 generally speaking, difference is that blowing mouth 12 is not arranged on a side of air entry 11, and is arranged on the central authorities of a double pipe structure.Air is blown down from the central authorities of double pipe structure, sucks from its peripheral region.This system is handled the control signal of gate, adjuster (not shown), aspiration pump (not shown) and positioner (not shown) by the whole control of computer and so on.

Figure 28 illustrates another example of gas flow controller that has blowing mouth 12 and air entry 11.Blowing mouth 12 wraps in air entry 11 in the double pipe structure fully.By controlled adjuster only the air that infeeds of air compressor down blow from the peripheral region of double pipe structure, and suck at middle body.With the pipe of air entry 11 air supply pipe 31 of ining succession, constitute a spray and inhale section 32.The upstream extremity of air supply pipe 31 links to each other with air compressor by a controlled adjuster, spray inhale sections 32 with strap brake door 25 ' particle feeding box 25 and blast pipe 36 link to each other.Section is inhaled in spray and blowing mouth is respectively installed a controlled adjuster, and this system is by controlling these adjusters and gate 25 ' carry out integral body to control.

Figure 29 illustrates the another example of the gas flow controller that has blowing mouth 12 and air entry 11.This device can be suitable for doing straight line processing by the back that particle inlet 37 is placed on relative direction of advance.For the sake of simplicity, only to blowing mouth 12, the order setting of air entry 11 and particle inlet 37 explains.Other factors, as blowing mouth be provided with angle, it whether and how inhale by adjuster control, air entry and spray that section links to each other or link to each other with an other aspiration pump, the particle of another type directly can determine on request and obtain the combination of a lot of device and methods by feed in the feeding box or by the air-flow transmission.Various device and methods can also be further height by blowing mouth, air entry and feeder sleeve wait and make remodeling and change.Blowing mouth, air entry and three kinds of typical arrangements of inlet only are described here.In Figure 29 (a), air entry is positioned at relative direction of advance foremost, is blowing mouth 12 and inlet 37 in the back.In Figure 29 (b), blowing mouth 12 is arranged on the foremost of relative direction of advance, and the back is air entry 11 and inlet 37.In Figure 29 (c), the foremost is provided with first blowing mouth 12, and then is that air entry 11, the second blowing mouths 12 and particle loader 37 come the back.Control is to carry out according to the control parameter of each device since after forming cavity the dissimilar particle of filling continuously, therefore can finish wire expeditiously and process.

Among the embodiment shown in Figure 30, blowing mouth 12, air entry 11 and particle inlet 37 form a triple tube structure, one of them inside, one in the centre, one outside.More particularly, particle inlet 37 is positioned at the inside among the embodiment of Figure 30 (a), and blowing mouth 12 mediates, and air entry 11 outside.Among the embodiment of Figure 30 (b), particle inlet 37 is positioned at the inside, and air entry is in the centre, and blowing mouth 12 is at outermost.Among the embodiment of Figure 30 (c), air entry 11 is in the inside, and blowing mouth 12 is in the centre, and particle inlet 37 outside.Among the embodiment of Figure 30 (d), air entry 11 inside, particle inlet 37 is in the centre, blowing mouth 12 is at outermost.Inlet scoop 12 is in the centre among the embodiment of Figure 30 (e).Particle inlet 37 is in the centre, and air entry 11 outside.Among the embodiment of Figure 30 (f), blowing mouth 12 inside, air entry 11 is in the centre, particle inlet 37 outside.

Figure 31 represents that some its air entries 11 and particle inlet 37 are the embodiment of double pipe structure, are provided with blowing mouth 12 in this structure.Figure 31 (a) represents an embodiment, wherein particle inlet 37 inside, air entry 11 outside and blowing mouth 12 be located among the particle inlet 37; Figure 31 (b) represents an embodiment, wherein air entry 11 inside, particle inlet 37 outside and air outlet 12 be located among the air entry 11, Figure 31 (c) represents an embodiment, wherein particle inlet 37 outside, suction inlet 11 inside and blowing mouth 12 be located at outside the air entry 11; Figure 31 (d) represents an embodiment, wherein air entry 11 inside, particle inlet 37 outside and blowing mouth 12 be located among the particle inlet 37; Figure 31 (e) represents an embodiment, wherein particle inlet 37 inside, air entry 11 outside and blowing mouth 12 be located at outside the air entry 11; Figure 31 (f) represents an embodiment, wherein air entry 11 inside, particle inlet 37 outside and blowing mouth 12 be located at outside the particle inlet 37.

Because the foregoing description can carry out cavity formation continuously and particle infeeds, so can replace these particles with another kind of particle efficiently.In addition, these embodiment are suitable for producing stipple pattern and also are suitable for line engraving very much.For simplicity's sake, blowing mouth 12 is only described, the layout of air entry 11 and particle inlet 37.But and how whether others controlled with an adjuster such as the blowing mouth angle; Whether air entry links to each other with an injector or links to each other with an independent aspirator; Whether directly infeed the particle of other type or can be come as required to determine obtaining the combination of various configurations and method by the air transmission from a feed tank, the height that each during these make up all can be by selection blowing mouth, air entry and inlet etc. is changed.Control and owing to can after forming cavity, carry out filling with dissimilar particles to it immediately according to the controllable parameter of each embodiment, thereby can carry out pattern formation efficiently.

Among these embodiment any all can be used for air entry, blowing mouth, breather pipe, cover dish and other auxiliary member of different shape, can also combine with other servicing unit and analog with the inlet of a particle feeder in addition.Therefore can desirable arbitrarily mode design gas flow controller.This never is limited to illustrated embodiment, and can pass through in conjunction with diverse ways in every way with its formation.

For example can be with metal, pottery, plastics, rubber, paper, timber, adhesive-bonded fabric, textile or analog material as air entry, blowing mouth, breather pipe, cover dish and analog.The shape of air entry, blowing mouth, breather pipe, cover dish and analog can freely be selected.For example, air entry and blowing mouth can be arranged in order to form the independent site of one of star, the heart or various other shapes.In addition, air entry, blowing mouth, breather pipe, cover dish and analog are preferably transformable form.For example, can use the configuration that allows diameter, width, shape or analog to change, this point can be found out from the air entry that has diaphragm 16 shown in Figure 32 (a).Figure 32 (b) represents another kind of embodiment, wherein the cover dish is made the frame of U-shaped, and its passage is downward.In addition, shown in Figure 32 (c), cover dish 13 is provided with around air entry 11 or blowing mouth 12 rotationally.Like this, cover dish 13 can stop the air stream after air entry 11 or blowing mouth direction of advance or after this direction so that increase the suction or the blowing efficient of air entry or blowing mouth 12.Cover dish 13 shown in Figure 32 is freely followed the direction that air entry or blowing mouth advance and can advantageously air-flow be accumulated near the formation that guarantees a flat bone cavity cavity that is forming simultaneously.The embodiment that has air entry and blowing mouth when also can use it for shown in Figure 11,14,15 etc.

In addition, as shown in figure 33, the cross section of air entry, blowing mouth and inlet needn't be round, and it can be cross or polygon.The independent air entry and/or the diameter of blowing mouth preferably are not more than the twice of stratum granulosum 1 thickness.Be advisable with thin blowing and air entry for producing tiny pattern characteristics.The thickness that makes the diameter of blowing mouth be equal to or less than stratum granulosum can obtain a kind of strict especially air-flow that limits.Be air-flow that obtains fine alignment and the cavity that guarantees to form strict qualification, the length of gas blow pipe and breather pipe preferably is not less than three times of its diameter, can make the air that infeeds form laminar flow like this.Consider the purposes of cover dish, a breather pipe or a plurality of breather pipe preferably are set in order to form laminar flow.

When an air entry or blowing mouth are not enough, linear array or matrix form a plurality of mouthfuls can be set as shown in figure 34.Carrying out can be by computer-controlled mouthful arrange the time for directly generating pattern, changing and can generate various compound and complicated patterns thereby can obtain high productivity ratio very owing to can carry out free pattern.

For control air-flow that adjust with air-breathing relevant parameter, parameter comprises the size of air entry, the upright position of air entry, air-breathing intensity (flow, flow velocity and pressure), air-breathing periodicity or pulsation, inspiratory direction, because size, length and the shape of position of air-breathing formed amount of turbulence, cover dish etc. and so on and breather pipe etc.; And be the direction of the periodicity of upright position, blow strength (throughput, flow velocity and pressure), blowing of the parameter that relates to blowing adjusted of the control air-flow size that comprises blowing mouth, blowing mouth or pulsation, blowing, by location of the amount of the formed turbulent flow of blowing, cover dish etc. or the like.The control valve that air entry pipe that is connected with air exhauster and the pipe that blowing mouth is linked to each other with compressor can be had some adjusters and/or other type, can these devices of direct control so that the air-flow outside control air entry and the blowing mouth.In addition, be used for the control signal of adjuster and other control valve, the control signal that is used for the control signal of aspirator and compressor etc. and is used for positioner etc. can distribute control system give disposed of in its entirety and management a computer or one.Be particularly useful for forming as requested band neat (rule) cross section cavity, the cavity of band irregular section or the cavity of other type.The present invention can combine with the various methods of control of can freely selecting.It all is possible only controlling one type controllable parameter or controlling several types simultaneously.Multiple layout except that above-mentioned all is available.In a kind of multitube system, for example as Figure 29, shown in 30 grades in the arranging of air-breathing and blowing mouth, multitube structure and many mouthfuls of layouts, can synchronously handle the control signal that is used for inlet, replace the particle that is eliminated by almost synchronously charging into particle that dissimilar particles promptly can be charged into like this with eliminating particle.Thereby forcibly replace these particles by exerting pressure and also can improve charging efficiency in feed-side.

Can be with a kind of framed bottom surface or sheet material, band, plate or analog as basal plane, also can be with a bottom surface that is placed on the section bar on transporter or belt conveyer or other the annular surface as basal plane.Stratum granulosum can be placed on a plate, sheet plate or other basal plane and be taken in that they are just being put or when putting upside down.The easiest selection of carrying out this combination when this device is installed.

Basal plane is preferably made by other material that nonwoven, weaving cloth, paper or some show gas permeability, liquid permeability and/or absorbent.The advantage of these materials be since they help lend some impetus to discharge with air and remove more than moisture content, thereby help to guarantee the intensity and the uniformity of formed goods.

In any version, this device can form device with stratum granulosum and combine, and it for example can be that a kind of squeegee type stratum granulosum forms device or has the slip gravitation tank that infeeds particle when framed slipping over that this stratum granulosum forms device; A kind of feeding box that has long and narrow nozzle; A kind of rotary feeder; A kind of band projection of the cellular belt of sealing or analog or employing sealing that adopts is indulged the belt of hair or the device of analog.

In any version, the location and the inclination of air entry and blowing mouth etc. on X, Y, Z direction such as air entry, blowing mouth all can or manually be used a kind of of many detent mechanisms and controlled, described detent mechanism can be a robot as shown in figure 17, bridge shape frame as shown in figure 19, or an XY platform, a kind of parallel rod system, a kind of Cartesian coordinate system, a kind of cartesian robots, a kind of hinged coordinate robot, a kind of cylindrical coordinates robot, a kind of polar coordinates robot or analog.In addition, if necessary, also can be installing vibrator and various servicing unit, auxiliary member and analogs such as air entry, blowing mouth.

In any version, be in the free end that borderline stratum granulosum between the transhipment section of a chute and a transporter or a kind of conveying arrangement forms device and all can be used as basal plane, and air entry and/or blowing mouth can be able to be located at stratum granulosum form and transmission operation on the position of formation cavity.The method can be made infinite pattern.

Adopt front various end stop as shown in figure 16, the end of pattern and bifurcation can guarantee that figure is clear on these aspects.The shape of end stop is not limited to those shown in the figure, and can be on request with its alteration of form so that obtain beginning, end and the bifurcation of various structure outlines clearly, preferably its end is made this device can be near air entry or blowing mouth be vertically moved, it can be reduced when so in use needing.

Method with particles filled formed cavity is not limited especially.This filling can be by hand or shown in Figure 29,30,31 etc. like that, can particle be inserted by integrally being located at the particle inlet 37 on air entry 11 and the blowing mouth 12, or as Figure 20, shown in 23 like that, be filled into particle by double air entry 11 or the blowing mouth 12 of doing particle inlet 37.Can particle be infeeded inlet by a pipe that links to each other with particulate material storehouse bucket, also can near the gate that is located on the inlet on the bucket of particulate material storehouse particle directly be infeeded inlet by one.This device can also further combine with a continuous colorant agitator, in order to insert the particle of different colours in independent cavity.

Any version all can be used for combining with various types of forcing presses.For example, can on pressure plare, make after the patterned moulded products, it is pressed into hard piece with pressure with the pressure plare below the two-way function forcing press as basal plane.In addition, owing to needn't contact with stratum granulosum, therefore also can be with the roller surfaces of roller press as basal plane.Can also make many patterned moulded products condense into bigger goods earlier earlier, and then be cut into independent goods.

In the method for the invention, be used for granular materials and on basal plane, form a dried stratum granulosum.Though this material is done, were it not for it with water, oil, lubricated bonding agent, solvent, coagulating agent or plasticizer mixes mutually and be easy to efflorescence in order to be conducted to basal plane under the state of doing, then it may absorb in water, oil, lubricated bonding agent, solvent, coagulating agent and the plasticizer one or more.On the other hand, the material that forms backing layer can be done, perhaps since have in water, oil, lubricated bonding agent, solvent, coagulating agent and the plasticizer one or more but wet.In addition, can be with the sheet stock of the plate of a metal, wooden, cement, glass or pottery or one deck paper, nonwoven webs, textile, knitting, plastics etc. as backing layer.In the case, be as basal plane with this plate or sheet stock.In addition, any other existing molded article all can be used as basal plane, in order to form with its stratum granulosum that condenses in.

The material that is adopted is according to the moulded products that will produce and different.In addition, as final product, each is variant in color, gloss, texture and similarly to require them.

In the production of concrete formation goods, the stratum granulosum material be do and mainly form by cement flour, resin and composition thereof, and also can comprise at least a pigment and thin filler.The material that is used as backing layer mainly comprises the mixture of cement flour, resin or cement flour and resin, and this mixture also further comprises a kind of thin filler, also contains pigment and a kind of thick filler or various types of fiber if necessary in addition.It is the form of the concrete mortar that mixes with water etc. that do or a kind of that backsheet can resemble the stratum granulosum material.

Also can comprise wood chip as the material of stratum granulosum with as the material of backing layer as filler or flour filler, marble, slag, reflective particles, the inorganic hollow body that can also further comprise granite, grinding or the efflorescence of the grinding that is stirred in together or efflorescence, for example Si Lasuo aryballos (Shirasuballoons), ceramic particle, new ceramic, metal, ore or other material.As additive, can also comprise and condense and maintenance co-catalyst, waterproofing agent, swelling agent and analog.Above-mentioned various types of usable fibers comprises metallic fiber, carbon fiber, synthetic fibers, glass fibre and analog.

All these materials all infeed in the mould and make it become as a whole agglomerate.After infeeding material, the top water yield of having described is infeeded in the various piece of this mould inside, so make these materials in mould, form an integral body.If as backing layer, side should be looked the water content in the wet stock and be reduced the water yield that infeeds with wet material.When during as backing layer, for example also becoming one with layer with metal, timber, concrete, glass or ceramic wafer or one deck paper, adhesive-bonded fabric, textile or knitting.Use heat melts material such as pitch can be made a kind of bitumeniferous concrete forming goods.

In the production of artificial stone molded article, as the dry substance of stratum granulosum for example can be a kind of in rock particles, concrete particle, new ceramic particle, glass particle, plastic grain, wood chip and the metallic particles, also can further mix mutually with a kind of pigment according to known requirement.Also can form by one of rock material, concrete particle, new ceramic particle, glass particle, plastic grain, wood chip and metallic particles at least as the material of backing layer, also can be further combine with a kind of pigment etc. according to known requirement.Material as backing layer can be that do or wet.Be included in as the coagulating agent in the backing layer wet stock or be used to condense as the dry substance of layer and/or as the coagulating agent of the dry substance at the back side mainly by the mixture of cement flour and water, cement flour, the mixture of resin and water, the mixture of resin and water, the mixture of resin and solvent or resin, the mixture of water and solvent is formed, can also further comprise rock, pottery, new ceramic, at least a particle in glass and the plastics, according to known requirement can stir mutually with a kind of pigment or colorant and with various types of particles, various types of fibers, various types of intermixtures mix mutually with additive.Various types of particles comprise slag particle, flying dust and thin reflective thing.Various types of intermixtures and additive comprise antishrinking agent, settling promotor, delayed-action activator, waterproofing agent, swelling agent, water reducer, fluidizing reagent and analog thereof.

Be to improve the cementability of coagulating agent and aforementioned dry substance, can be to dry substance water spray, solvent or surface conditioning agent, or it is immersed in above-mentioned substance, but can not be with its above-mentioned substance stirring, and be to be in the state of efflorescence rapidly.

Can by vacuum draw processing, centrifugal treating or other be used for this class that coagulating agent is dispersed between the adjacent particle is handled, or use the mixture of a kind of filler and coagulating agent to condense into an integral body as all materials being inserted in the thing such as mould as the material of backing layer.During as backing layer, allowing stratum granulosum and above-mentioned article to condense into one in metal, wood, concrete, glass or ceramic wafer or one deck paper, adhesive-bonded fabric, braid, textile or plastics.

When producing the semi-finished product of ceramics forming goods or ceramics forming goods, mainly be clay, rock, glass, new ceramic, fine ceramic and wherein with or without one or more particle in the enamel of pigment or colorant as the dry substance of stratum granulosum.Though these materials are done, if they can not absorb some moisture yet or add some lubricated binding agents and be in the state of efflorescence rapidly with itself and lubricated binding agent or water stirring.Mainly formed as the material of backing layer, also can be comprised a kind of pigment and a kind of colorant again by in the particle of clay, rock, glass, new ceramic and fine ceramic one or more.As finished product, require backing layer different in color, gloss, texture and similar aspect with stratum granulosum, and can similarly with stratum granulosum be do or through stirring mutually but wet with water or a kind of lubricated binding agent.Can also be have further mixed mutually and wherein may be added with the various types of blowing agents as additive, anti-fluidizing reagent, leafing agent, lubricant, binding agent and viscosity promoter in addition, or as the material of stratum granulosum or as the material of backing layer with the particle of the inorganic hollow body of all aryballos of drag-line like that (Shirasu balloom) and so on and pottery, metal or ore.

The material that infeeds in the mould etc. condenses into an integral body adding or do not add the water or the lubricated binding agent of the scheduled volume that makes its plastification and final mixture is applied under the situation of a pressure.Formed integral body is taken out and is used as a kind of semi-finished product from this mould.Thereby this semi-finished product are carried out sintering obtain a kind of ceramics forming goods.In addition, thereby will insert the container molding of refractory material or the fusing of the material in the similar mould or melt and dissolvedly obtain an integral body, and it will be taken out from mould by heating.Under the situation of enamel, coloured glass or crystallized glass, to be layered on a metal as the material of stratum granulosum, on glass or the ceramic wafer, remove a part to form cavity, in line of rabbet joint part, insert another kind of dry substance, thereby heating becomes one its fusing or melt and dissolved itself and the plate of making again.

When production will be burnt till a kind of semi-finished product of metal forming goods, the dry substance that is used as stratum granulosum mainly was the particle of one or more metals and alloy, and may mix mutually with a kind of lubricant according to known requirement.Though these materials are done, if it does not mix mutually with lubricant and what be in the state of granulation rapidly then it may be to have absorbed lubricant.As the material of backing layer mainly forms by the particle of one or more metals and alloy and or do or owing to stir mutually with lubricant but wet.

This example with lubricator comprise zinc stearate or other lubricant.Can further include a kind of bonding agent or other additive as the material of stratum granulosum or as the material of backing layer.

All materials are poured in a main mould frame or the analog, and the semi-finished product that can obtain a kind of metal forming goods are therefrom taken out in compression therein again.Sinter them into a kind of metal forming goods.All materials are placed on the plate of a metal, glass, pottery etc., are pressed into a kind of final composite and obtain partly growing up to be a useful person of a kind of integral body and this whole agglomerate is carried out sintering also to can be made into a kind of metal forming goods thereby add.

The dry substance that production has the used stratum granulosum of thick coating molded article is various types of powder type coating preparations, and the material that is used as backing layer is the analog of plate, layer or a metal, timber, concrete or pottery.Various types of powder type coating preparations comprise acrylic resin, alkyd resin, acrylic acid-polyester hybrid resin, fluoride resin and wherein add the similar resin of pigment.To be placed on as the material of stratum granulosum on the things such as plate as backing layer, sheet stock, the dry substance that in cavity, adds other type, make its fusing and melt and dissolved by heating, it is dried all layer knots, can be exerted pressure on these layers when tying all layers together flat.The result promptly is things such as the plate that obtains to scribble on it thick coating, sheet stock.

In a kind of production of plastics forming goods, mainly form and also can comprise a kind of pigment or colorant by various types of plastic grains as the dry substance of stratum granulosum.These materials also can comprise a kind of plasticizer or solvent, but are not stirred in it and are in the state of efflorescence rapidly.As the material of backing layer can be do or through stirring mutually but wet with plasticizer or solvent.Various types of plasticizer comprise polyethylene, nylon, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polystyrene, acetal, epoxy resin, vinyl chloride, natural rubber, synthetic rubber, ABS rubber, polypropylene oxide, ethene vinyl acetate resin copolymer, fluoride resin and other thermoplasticity and heat cured resin.The material that is used for stratum granulosum can comprise blowing agent, antioxidant, heat stabilizer, overlap joint agent, other additive and inorganic material particle and analog according to known requirement with the material that is used for backing layer.Make all material fusing or whole agglomerate of melt and dissolved one-tenth by heating, if necessary, pressurization simultaneously.Utilize this method, can make the patterned molded article of foamed styrene, a patterned shaping bathtub or a kind of plastic floor brick etc.At this moment, lamination can combine with plate or one deck paper, adhesive-bonded fabric, braid, textile or the plastics of metal, wood, concrete, pottery.

When producing the food of candy or other shaping, mainly form as the material of stratum granulosum by one or more the particle in wheat, rice, potato, bean or pea, corn and the sugar, can also add some flavouring and spices.These materials can also comprise oil, water or the like, but not with stirrings such as oil, water and be in the state of efflorescence rapidly.As the material of backing layer can with the material of stratum granulosum similar be do or mix with oil, water etc. and to wet.Can also comprise swelling agent and other additive according to known requirement as the material of stratum granulosum with as the material of backing layer.All material is inserted in the thing such as mould, under the situation that does not add or add water, wet goods, allow or make these condensation of materials become the agglomerate of an integral body.Compress this agglomerate and then it is taken out from mould, make a kind of semi-finished product thus, toast this semi-finished product again.In addition, all materials of baking in mould.Utilize this method can make candy of various patterned baking etc.Employing is by the granular materials of heat fused, as chocolate etc., and makes these particles fuse and the melt and dissolved patterned shaped particles that can also make by heat fused by heating, as patterned chocolate molded article.

Those that the material that can use in the present invention is not limited to exemplified in this article as an example can adopt various other materials according to the molded article that will produce.In addition, the scope of the patterned molded article that can produce can be by being enlarged in conjunction with various characteristics at final products, color, gloss, texture and the discrepant material of similar aspect.When said method has many same steps each other, kinds of materials can be mutually combined.For example, because the method that is used to produce a kind of method of metal forming goods and is used to produce a kind of ceramics forming goods all requires a common sintering step, thereby metallic particles and ceramic particle can be used together so that form a kind of pattern, can make the cloisonne enamel article thus.Used material can use together in the used material of the method that is used for producing a kind of concrete forming goods and those methods of producing a kind of artificial stone molded article.

In the method that is used for producing any patterned molded article, when delivering to material on the basal plane, wish to have a kind of vibration to guarantee the easy motion of material.In addition, by with brush or comb as boundary friction or jet herein or water between the dissimilar material of stratum granulosum, can make dim pattern.

In addition, by net at the material of laying one deck adhesive-bonded fabric, paper or other absorption water or oil on the basal plane or on the stratum granulosum material, can any excessive water, oil, lubricated binding agent, coagulating agent or solvent be conducted to and anyly lack the part of above-mentioned excess material so that make its evenly distribution in molded article.Like this, the water in the basal plane (assistant) diminishes to the ratio of cement (resin), this means that the intensity of making as a whole molded article improves.When adopting a ventilative net in the formation of goods under pressure, thereby exhaust strengthens the goods that obtain a densification.When stratum granulosum and backing layer are made a monolithic article by applying vibration or compression to wherein one deck or to two-layer, then become densification and aspect intensity, must cause improvement of the monolithic article of Huo Deing.Also available long fibre, short fiber, gauze or bracing piece insert two-layer between or among come goods are strengthened.Be used for by layer method for making or extrusion die casting or act as backing layer producing the production that a kind of method of goods can be used for comprising the various goods of building wallboard and building panel, wall layers and ceramic tile with any plate or layer.The surface of available coagulation soil goods can be used as basal plane.At this moment, will be filled in as the material of material layer on this concrete surface and and become as a whole with the existing concrete goods.

In the method for production molded article according to the present invention, can make a kind of molded article as the mould of basal plane or use part or integral deformable with crooked final surface with a kind of deformable net.

Utilize the present invention, the site of the image of a production or the form of line can be showed, and needn't use object or any other briquet cutting appts. or the separator of auxiliary mould, grid body, band hair.In addition, owing to needn't be inserted in the Points And lines that just can freely make different size and shape in the stratum granulosum to an air entry or a blowing mouth, therefore in pattern production, can adopt high-velocity scanning.In addition, owing to advantageously on basal plane, form with the corresponding pattern part of background, thereby just needn't fill its independent pattern part separately, the amount of required like this filling operation significantly reduces and productivity ratio is improved.Can fill this fact of formed cavity with air-flow high-speed and high-efficiency ground and further guarantee very high productivity ratio.Because the present invention does not also require object or other similar briquet cutting appts. and the separator that uses auxiliary mould, grid body, band hair, so this characteristic of cutting part and separator (for example, the hexagon-shaped pattern that is produced by a polygon cut piece) just can in product, not reveal, so just can show pattern naturally.Therefore, the present invention can make similar hand-written pattern, and can make a kind of wear-resisting and pleasing product when being used to produce the pavement ceramic tile of band map, direction or analog.

As its another kind of effect, the present invention can form the cavity pattern in the stratum granulosum that mixes at random, thereby can form pattern in variegated background.In addition, for high heart concrete owing to can form stratum granulosum earlier, then form and cavity filling to form pattern, so filling, the formation of cavity can carry out, even thereby also can make pattern at an easy rate during the rotation at a high speed from the surface of stratum granulosum.In addition, because operation principle of the present invention makes it can not consider that size comes composition on stratum granulosum, therefore produce patterned molded article the present invention continuously and can be used for working with an annular transporter or similar machinery for simple.

The control that uses a computer can directly produce pattern, and obtains high productivity ratio and can arbitrarily change pattern.By at least one parameter in air pressure, air velocity, airflow rate, airflow direction, air-flow periodicity, gas, air entry size, blowing mouth size, air entry and the blowing mouth position is controlled, can in being used to form the required air-flow of small structure shape cavity, form fine distinction, and can generate band pattern-forming goods with various complicated fine patterns.

Utilize these production methods, can produce the concrete forming goods at an easy rate, artificial stone molded article, the semi-finished product that are used for the Low fire ceramic molded article, the ceramics forming goods, metal forming goods, thick coating molded article, plastics forming goods and the formed food that comprises candy, wherein each all has the pattern of the predetermined thickness that forms on its part or all surfaces.Therefore, even its surface is worn, this patterned molded article still can be kept its pattern and be in splendid state.Owing to be various types of dry substance to be mixed form this patterned layer, thus since effect institute these materials that cause that subside can not had that meeting be showed subtly by filling densely be in any crack and border between the adjacent materials.Formed pattern is very clearly.

Claims (26)

1, a kind of method of producing band pattern-forming goods comprises the steps: to form a dried stratum granulosum on substrate surface; Use have an air entry or blowing mouth or the air stream controller that not only had air entry but also had a blowing mouth to produce air stream, and pass through in air pressure, air mass flow, air velocity, air-flow direction, the pulsation of air stream, the periodicity of air stream, air entry size, blowing mouth size, the control of at least one removes the part of degranulation down in air entry position and these parameters of blowing mouth position, and forms a cavity in dried stratum granulosum; In this cavity, insert a kind of dissimilar dried particle; Make monoblock of particle solidify out into.

2, according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that also comprising a step, promptly in cavity, insert after the dried particle of another kind of type and make particle on dried stratum granulosum, cover a backing layer before being solidified as a monoblock.

3, according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, on the tip of air entry is placed dried stratum granulosum, form cavity.

4, according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, form cavity by dried stratum granulosum is inserted at the tip of air entry.

5, according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, form cavity by vertically placing air entry and blowing mouth on the stratum granulosum.

6, according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, by making air entry vertically be positioned on the dried stratum granulosum and making blowing mouth and dried stratum granulosum is positioned at the top at angle and forms cavity.

7, according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, form cavity by air entry and the blowing mouth that is positioned at air entry.

8, according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, form cavity by the blowing mouth that inserts in the dried stratum granulosum.

9, according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, form cavity by blowing mouth and the air entry that is positioned at blowing mouth.

10, be used to produce the device of band pattern-forming goods, comprise:

Have the cavity that is positioned at the gas flow controller on the dried stratum granulosum that is formed on the substrate surface and form device, gas flow controller has at least one air entry and a blowing mouth flows to produce air, and pass through in air pressure, air mass flow, air velocity, air-flow direction, the pulsation of air stream, the periodicity of air stream, the air entry size, the blowing mouth size, the control of at least one removes the part of degranulation down and form a cavity in dried stratum granulosum in air entry position and these parameters of blowing mouth position; With

Be used for dissimilar particles is infeeded the device of the cavity of formation.

11,, it is characterized in that it also comprises to make dried stratum granulosum and dissimilar particles condense into the device of monoblock according to the device of claim 10.

According to the device of claim 10, it is characterized in that 12, it also comprises the cover dish that is arranged at around the air entry, with the air stream of control around air entry.

According to the device of claim 10, it is characterized in that 13, it comprises that also one is arranged at blowing mouth cover dish on every side, with the air stream of control around blowing mouth.

According to the device of claim 10, it is characterized in that 14, it also comprises a cover dish, be used to control air entry and blowing mouth ambient air stream.

According to the device of claim 12, it is characterized in that 15, the cover dish is plate-like and can vertically moves along air entry.

According to the device of claim 13, it is characterized in that 16, the cover dish is a plate-like, and can vertically move along blowing mouth.

According to the device of claim 14, it is characterized in that 17, the cover dish is a plate-like, and can move along air entry is vertical with blowing mouth.

According to the device of claim 12, it is characterized in that 18, the cover dish is the U-shaped framework that has towards the groove of below.

According to the device of claim 13, it is characterized in that 19, the cover dish is the U-shaped framework that has towards the groove of below.

According to the device of claim 14, it is characterized in that 20, the cover dish is the U-shaped framework that has towards the groove of below.

According to the device of claim 12, it is characterized in that 21, the cover dish can rotate around air entry.

According to the device of claim 13, it is characterized in that 22, the cover dish can rotate around blowing mouth.

According to the device of claim 14, it is characterized in that 23, the cover dish can rotate around air entry and blowing mouth.

According to the device of claim 12, it is characterized in that 24, the cover dish also comprises a breather pipe.

According to the device of claim 13, it is characterized in that 25, the cover dish also comprises a breather pipe.

According to the device of claim 14, it is characterized in that 26, the cover dish also comprises a breather pipe.

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