CN110670238B - Anti-wrinkle high-elasticity hemp-cotton composite fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Anti-wrinkle high-elasticity hemp-cotton composite fiber and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4374—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece using different kinds of webs, e.g. by layering webs
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/425—Cellulose series
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/35—Heterocyclic compounds
- D06M13/355—Heterocyclic compounds having six-membered heterocyclic rings
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/564—Polyureas, polyurethanes or other polymers having ureide or urethane links; Precondensation products forming them
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
- D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/20—Treatment influencing the crease behaviour, the wrinkle resistance, the crease recovery or the ironing ease
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/50—Modified hand or grip properties; Softening compositions
Abstract
The invention provides crease-resistant high-elasticity ramie cotton composite fiber and a preparation method thereof, wherein the ramie cotton composite fiber is prepared by soaking polyurethane liquid on the surface of ramie fiber pretreated by a softening agent to prepare a prepreg ramie fiber net, soaking NMMO solvent on the surface of the ramie fiber to prepare the prepreg ramie cotton fiber net, and then continuously superposing, kneading, drying and opening the fiber net. The method provided by the invention applies the polyurethane liquid on the surface of the fibrilia, improves the anti-wrinkle performance and elasticity of the fibrilia, further leads the performances of the cotton fiber and the fibrilia to be fully complementary through the composition of the fibrilia and the fibrilia at the fiber stage, and the obtained composite fiber is suitable for preparing textiles with high elasticity, air permeability, cool and refreshing property, soft handfeel and comfort.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite fibers, in particular to an anti-wrinkle high-elasticity ramie cotton composite fiber and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Fibrilia is a fiber obtained from various hemp plants, and has been gradually used as a fiber for clothing and textile in recent years because of its extremely high moisture absorption and air permeability. Especially, the fibrilia has high moisture absorption and dispersion speed, and the fabric thereof is cool and comfortable to wear in summer. The bast fibers such as ramie and flax have no lignification, high strength and small elongation, and the fabric woven by the bast fibers absorbs sweat, is not close to skin, is breathable, cool and soft in texture, and is very suitable for being used as fabric fibers of summer clothing.
However, hemp fibers have poor elasticity, and clothes made of hemp fabrics are also easily wrinkled due to the presence of the hard fibers. At present, the flexibility of the fibrilia is improved by permeating or coating the fibrilia with a flexible material, but the comfort and the air permeability of the fibrilia are influenced by excessive coating materials. In recent years, hemp-cotton composite fibers have been receiving attention for their excellent properties.
Conventionally, the cotton and linen composite fabric is adopted, so that the textile not only keeps the natural air-permeable and cool style of linen fabric, but also has the characteristic of softness and fitness of cotton fabric. Such as hemp cotton fiber, is twisted and woven to obtain a textile with firm and smooth texture and soft hand feeling. The linen-cotton fiber textile not only has the advantages of cotton material and linen fiber, but also has the advantages of high cost performance, environmental protection, ventilation, comfort, good draping feeling and the like, and can be used for manufacturing textile products such as various clothes and the like.
The Chinese patent application No. 201711101548.5 discloses a spinning process of a ramie cotton roving blended composite yarn, which comprises the steps of pre-spinning, two-path roving combination and spinning, and the ramie cotton roving blended composite yarn spun by the process has the advantages of less hairiness, high quality, good elasticity, uniform yarn levelness and no itching feeling. The Chinese patent application No. 201310147137.5 discloses a cotton and hemp fiber colored spun yarn and a preparation method thereof, the cotton and hemp fiber colored spun yarn is formed by mixing and spinning more than two cotton and hemp fibers with different colors, the same fiber has more than two different colors, the more than two different colors are obtained by adopting spray dyeing to dye and leave white the fiber locally, and the cotton and hemp fiber colored spun yarn is prepared by the following steps: (1) pretreatment: respectively refining and treating the fiber raw materials by using a penetrating agent; (2) reeling; (3) dyeing: dyeing the fiber into different colors on a fog spraying device; (4) steaming and fixing color; (5) spinning: and (3) mixing and spinning the fibers with different colors into a spun yarn, wherein the fibers with more than two different colors are prepared through the step (3).
In order to overcome the defects of uneven compounding and poor elasticity caused by compounding of the hemp and the cotton during twisting or spinning, the obtained textile is easy to wrinkle, so that the quality of the textile is influenced, a novel hemp and cotton composite fiber is needed to be provided, the uniformity and the elasticity of the hemp and cotton composite fiber are further improved, and the comprehensive performance of the hemp and cotton textile is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of poor flexibility and elasticity of the conventional flax and cotton composite fiber, nonuniform compounding, unsatisfactory elasticity, poor wrinkle resistance and the like of the conventional flax and cotton composite fiber, the invention provides the wrinkle-resistant high-elasticity flax and cotton composite fiber and the preparation method thereof, so that flax and cotton compounding of the flax and cotton composite fiber at the fiber stage is realized, and the wrinkle resistance and elasticity of the flax and cotton composite fiber are improved.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the crease-resistant high-elasticity ramie-cotton composite fiber is prepared by preparing a prepreg ramie fiber net by soaking polyurethane solution on the surface of ramie fiber pretreated by a softening agent, preparing the prepreg ramie fiber net by soaking the surface of the ramie fiber with NMMO solvent, and continuously superposing, kneading, drying and opening the fiber net.
Preferably, the softening agent is one of a dimethyl silicone oil emulsion and an amino silicone oil emulsion.
Preferably, the fibrilia is one of bleached flax fiber and ramie fiber.
Preferably, the polyurethane solution is a polyurethane solution with N, N-dimethylacetamide as a solvent, the mass concentration is 25-35%, and the using amount is controlled to be 2-4% of the weight of the fibrilia. The polyurethane solution is prepared according to the standard of the polyurethane spinning solution or a commercial product is selected, preferably the polyurethane solution with N, N-dimethylacetamide as a solvent, the mass concentration is 25-35%, and because the polyurethane solution is a common polyurethane spinning solution, the prepared polyurethane has excellent high elasticity and wrinkle resistance. Therefore, the present invention can be used to increase the elasticity and wrinkle resistance of hemp fibers by adhering the polyurethane liquid to the hemp fibers.
Preferably, the NMMO solvent is N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide with the mass concentration of 80-90%, and the dosage is controlled to be 1-1.5% of the weight of the cotton fiber. NMMO is an aliphatic cyclic tertiary amine oxide, which is prepared by reacting diethylene glycol with ammonia to generate morpholine, and then carrying out methylation and oxidation, and has certain solubility to cotton cellulose. The NMMO solvent is sprayed on the surface of the cotton fiber, so that the surface of the cotton fiber is slightly dissolved and has certain viscosity, and the cotton fiber and the hemp fiber are well combined to achieve the aim of cotton and hemp compounding. In a specific operation, in order to prevent the NMMO solvent from completely dissolving cotton fibers to influence the fiber performance, the spraying amount of the concentration of the NMMO solvent needs to be controlled, the concentration of the NMMO solvent is preferably 85% of NMMO aqueous solution, and the using amount is controlled to be 1-1.5% of the weight of the cotton fibers.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the crease-resistant high-elasticity ramie cotton composite fiber, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) soaking and maintaining the fibrilia in a softening agent to enable the softening agent to fully permeate the fibrilia, then taking out the fibrilia, centrifugally filtering out redundant softening agent at the rotating speed of 3000-5000rpm, and drying for 3-5h at 60-70 ℃ to obtain pretreated fibrilia;
(2) the method comprises the following steps of (1) loosely and horizontally paving and conveying pretreated fibrilia, spraying polyurethane liquid by using a high-pressure spray gun to enable the surface of the fibrilia to be soaked with the polyurethane liquid to obtain a pre-soaked fibrilia net;
(3) spreading and conveying the cotton fibers in a loose manner, spraying an NMMO solvent by using a high-pressure spray gun to soak the NMMO solvent on the surfaces of the cotton fibers to obtain a pre-impregnated cotton fiber net;
(4) continuously superposing the prepreg fibrilia net and the prepreg cotton fiber net, then softly kneading by a cotton kneading machine, and drying for 1-3h at 70-80 ℃ by a dryer to obtain dried composite fiber;
(5) and (3) opening the dried composite fibers in an opener, and loosening the compressed and mutually entangled fibers to obtain the wrinkle-resistant high-elasticity ramie cotton composite fibers.
Preferably, the soaking and curing time in the step (1) is 24-36h, and the temperature of the softening agent is controlled at 40-50 ℃. The temperature through controlling the softener has strengthened the softener to fibrilia's infiltration, and the maintenance that handles through the softener for fibrilia flexibility obtains promoting, is favorable to later stage and cotton fiber complex.
Preferably, the thickness of the flat tile is controlled within 5 mm; the high-pressure spray gun adopts a conventional air compressor with 0.8-1.5MPa as pressure supply.
In the process of spreading and conveying the fibrilia net, the spreading thickness is controlled within 5mm, so that the polyurethane liquid can uniformly wet the surface of the fibrilia; the too thick tiling thickness can cause that part of the fibrilia surface can not be soaked by polyurethane liquid, more polyurethane liquid needs to be sprayed, so that the fibrilia is agglomerated, and the subsequent cotton and hemp compounding is influenced; the spraying amount of the polyurethane liquid is based on the wetting of the surface of the fibrilia, the excessive spraying is not suitable, and the using amount of the polyurethane liquid is controlled to be 2-4% of the weight of the fibrilia. In addition, when the polyurethane liquid is sprayed on the surfaces of the hemp fibers by using a high-pressure spray gun, a conventional 0.8MPa air compressor is preferably used as pressure supply, and air with higher pressure can be selected as spraying power, and the higher the pressure is in a proper range, the more favorable the polyurethane liquid is for dispersion. The same applies to the process of NMMO solvent spraying cotton fiber.
Preferably, the gentle condition in the step (4) is not gentle in the compacted state, and the gentle time is 30-60 s. The pre-impregnated fibrilia net and the pre-impregnated cotton net are overlapped, and are softened by a cotton kneading machine, and the fibers form a compact lump after compaction or too long softening time, so that the fiber quality and the later opening effect are influenced, therefore, the softening process is selected to be soft, the soft process refers to that the fibers are not softened in a compaction state, the facial lines are positioned on the fibrilia to be tightly adhered through the soft process, and the soft time is controlled to be 30-60s, so that the best effect is achieved.
Preferably, the hemp-cotton composite fiber in the step (4) is formed by compounding 40-60% of hemp fiber and 40-60% of cotton fiber by mass percentage.
The existing fibrilia has poor flexibility and elasticity, and the prepared textile is easy to wrinkle, and in addition, the conventional fibrilia and cotton compounding is carried out in the twisting or spinning stage, so that the compounding is not uniform, the quality of the textile is influenced, and the application of the textile is limited. In view of the above, the invention provides a wrinkle-resistant high-elasticity hemp-cotton composite fiber and a preparation method thereof, wherein the hemp fiber is soaked and maintained in a softening agent, so that the softening agent fully permeates the hemp fiber, then the hemp fiber is fished out, and the residual softening agent is centrifugally filtered out and dried to obtain a pretreated hemp fiber; spreading and conveying the pretreated fibrilia loosely, spraying polyurethane liquid by using a high-pressure spray gun to soak the surface of the fibrilia with the polyurethane liquid to obtain a pre-impregnated fibrilia net; spreading and conveying the cotton fibers in a loose manner, spraying an NMMO solvent by using a high-pressure spray gun to soak the NMMO solvent on the surfaces of the cotton fibers to obtain a pre-impregnated cotton fiber net; continuously superposing the prepreg fibrilia net and the prepreg cotton fiber net, gently kneading by a cotton kneading machine, and drying by a drying machine; and (3) sending the dried composite fiber into an opener, and loosening the compacted and mutually entangled fiber to obtain the wrinkle-resistant high-elasticity ramie cotton composite fiber. The method provided by the invention applies the polyurethane liquid on the surface of the fibrilia, improves the anti-wrinkle performance and elasticity of the fibrilia, further leads the performances of the cotton fiber and the fibrilia to be fully complementary through the composition of the fibrilia and the fibrilia at the fiber stage, and the obtained composite fiber is suitable for preparing textiles with high elasticity, air permeability, cool and refreshing property, soft handfeel and comfort.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the crease-resistant high-elasticity ramie cotton composite fiber and the preparation method thereof, and the outstanding characteristics and excellent effects are as follows:
1. according to the invention, the polyurethane liquid is applied to the surfaces of the fibrilia, so that the crease resistance and elasticity of the fibrilia are improved.
2. The surface of the cotton fiber is slightly soluble to form viscosity, and the viscosity is combined with the fibrilia through soft bonding, so that the fibrilia and cotton combination at the fiber stage is realized, and a technical support is provided for large-scale popularization and application in the field of fibrilia textiles.
3. The invention is compounded in the fiber stage, fully complements the performances of the cotton fiber and the hemp fiber, and is suitable for preparing the textile with high elasticity, air permeability, cool and refreshing property, soft hand feeling and close fitting and comfort.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments, but it should not be construed that the scope of the present invention is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made by those skilled in the art and by conventional means without departing from the spirit of the method of the invention described above.
Example 1
(1) Soaking bleached flax fibers in a softener dimethyl silicon oil emulsion at the temperature of 45 ℃ for 30 hours to ensure that the softener fully permeates the flax fibers, then fishing out the flax fibers, centrifugally filtering out redundant softener at the rotating speed of 4000rpm, and drying at the temperature of 65 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain pretreated flax fibers;
(2) the method comprises the following steps of (1) loosely and horizontally paving and conveying pretreated fibrilia, spraying polyurethane liquid by using a high-pressure spray gun to enable the surface of the fibrilia to be soaked with the polyurethane liquid to obtain a pre-soaked fibrilia net; the thickness of the flat laying is 3 mm; the high-pressure spray gun adopts a conventional 1.2MPa air compressor as pressure supply; the polyurethane liquid is prepared by taking N, N-dimethylacetamide as a solvent, the mass concentration is 30%, and the using amount is controlled to be 3% of the weight of the fibrilia;
(3) spreading and conveying the cotton fibers in a loose manner, spraying an NMMO solvent by using a high-pressure spray gun to soak the NMMO solvent on the surfaces of the cotton fibers to obtain a pre-impregnated cotton fiber net; the thickness of the flat laying is 3 mm; the high-pressure spray gun adopts a conventional 1.2MPa air compressor as pressure supply; the NMMO solvent is N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide with the mass concentration of 85 percent, and the using amount is controlled to be 1.2 percent of the weight of the cotton fiber;
(4) continuously laminating the prepreg fibrilia net and the prepreg cotton fiber net, then softly kneading the materials by a cotton kneading machine, wherein the softness is not kept in a compacted state, the softness time is 45s, and then drying the materials for 2h at 75 ℃ by using a dryer to obtain dried composite fibers; the composite fiber is formed by compounding 50% of hemp fiber and 50% of cotton fiber in percentage by mass;
(5) and (3) opening the dried composite fibers in an opener, and loosening the compressed and mutually entangled fibers to obtain the wrinkle-resistant high-elasticity ramie cotton composite fibers.
The test method comprises the following steps:
and (3) wrinkle resistance test: carrying out performance test on the composite fiber prepared in the embodiment, lapping the hemp-cotton composite fiber obtained in the embodiment 1, kneading for 10min, and carrying out press forming by a roller press to obtain a test sample with the thickness of 0.5 mm; the fabric is cut into a test sample of 15mm multiplied by 40mm, and the test sample is subjected to constant pressure for 5min on the area of 15mm multiplied by 15mm of the test sample under the pressure of 10N at the temperature of 27 ℃ and the relative humidity of 80 percent according to a test recovery angle method for crease recovery of textile fabrics (GB/T3819-1997), and then the pressure is removed, and the recovery angle of the test fabric, including a sharp recovery angle and a slow recovery angle, is tested. The results obtained are shown in Table 1.
Flexibility test: and performing qualitative stiffness test on the prepared test sample with the thickness of 0.5mm by using a PN-TD stiffness instrument, wherein the lower the stiffness is, the softer the fabric is. The test data are shown in table 1.
Example 2
(1) Soaking and maintaining bleached ramie fibers in a softening agent amino-silicone oil emulsion at the temperature of 40 ℃ for 36 hours to ensure that the softening agent fully permeates the ramie fibers, then fishing out the ramie fibers, centrifugally filtering out redundant softening agent at the rotating speed of 3000rpm, and drying at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain pretreated ramie fibers;
(2) the method comprises the following steps of (1) loosely and horizontally paving and conveying pretreated fibrilia, spraying polyurethane liquid by using a high-pressure spray gun to enable the surface of the fibrilia to be soaked with the polyurethane liquid to obtain a pre-soaked fibrilia net; the thickness of the flat laying is 2 mm; the high-pressure spray gun adopts a conventional 0.8MPa air compressor as pressure supply; the polyurethane liquid is polyurethane liquid with N, N-dimethyl acetamide as solvent, the mass concentration is 25%, and the dosage is controlled to be 2% of the weight of the fibrilia;
(3) spreading and conveying the cotton fibers in a loose manner, spraying an NMMO solvent by using a high-pressure spray gun to soak the NMMO solvent on the surfaces of the cotton fibers to obtain a pre-impregnated cotton fiber net; the thickness of the flat laying is 2 mm; the high-pressure spray gun adopts a conventional 0.8MPa air compressor as pressure supply; the NMMO solvent is N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide with the mass concentration of 80%, and the dosage is controlled to be 1% of the weight of the cotton fiber;
(4) continuously laminating the prepreg fibrilia net and the prepreg cotton fiber net, then softly kneading the fiber net by a cotton kneading machine, wherein the softness is not kept in a compacted state, the softness time is 30s, and then drying the fiber net for 3h at 70 ℃ by using a dryer to obtain dried composite fiber; the composite fiber is formed by compounding 40% of hemp fiber and 60% of cotton fiber in percentage by mass;
(5) and (3) opening the dried composite fibers in an opener, and loosening the compressed and mutually entangled fibers to obtain the wrinkle-resistant high-elasticity ramie cotton composite fibers.
The test was carried out by the method of example 1, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
Example 3
(1) Soaking bleached flax fibers in a softening agent simethicone emulsion at 50 ℃ for 24-36h to ensure that the softening agent fully permeates the flax fibers, then fishing out the flax fibers, centrifugally filtering out redundant softening agent at the rotating speed of 5000rpm, and drying at 70 ℃ for 3h to obtain pretreated flax fibers;
(2) the method comprises the following steps of (1) loosely and horizontally paving and conveying pretreated fibrilia, spraying polyurethane liquid by using a high-pressure spray gun to enable the surface of the fibrilia to be soaked with the polyurethane liquid to obtain a pre-soaked fibrilia net; the thickness of the flat laying is 5 mm; the high-pressure spray gun adopts a conventional 1.5MPa air compressor as pressure supply; the polyurethane liquid is prepared by taking N, N-dimethylacetamide as a solvent, the mass concentration is 35%, and the using amount is controlled to be 4% of the weight of the fibrilia;
(3) spreading and conveying the cotton fibers in a loose manner, spraying an NMMO solvent by using a high-pressure spray gun to soak the NMMO solvent on the surfaces of the cotton fibers to obtain a pre-impregnated cotton fiber net; the thickness of the flat laying is 5 mm; the high-pressure spray gun adopts a conventional 1.5MPa air compressor as pressure supply; the NMMO solvent is N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide with the mass concentration of 90 percent, and the dosage is controlled to be 1.5 percent of the weight of the cotton fiber;
(4) continuously laminating the prepreg fibrilia net and the prepreg cotton fiber net, then softly kneading the materials by a cotton kneading machine, wherein the softness is not realized in a compacted state, the softness time is 60s, and then drying the materials by a dryer at 80 ℃ for 1h to obtain dried composite fibers; the composite fiber is formed by compounding 60 mass percent of fibrilia and 40 mass percent of cotton fiber;
(5) and (3) opening the dried composite fibers in an opener, and loosening the compressed and mutually entangled fibers to obtain the wrinkle-resistant high-elasticity ramie cotton composite fibers.
The test was carried out by the method of example 1, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
Example 4
(1) Soaking and maintaining bleached ramie fibers in a softening agent amino-silicone oil emulsion at the temperature of 42 ℃ for 28 hours to ensure that the softening agent fully permeates the ramie fibers, then fishing out the ramie fibers, centrifugally filtering out redundant softening agent at the rotating speed of 3500rpm, and drying for 5 hours at the temperature of 62 ℃ to obtain pretreated ramie fibers;
(2) the method comprises the following steps of (1) loosely and horizontally paving and conveying pretreated fibrilia, spraying polyurethane liquid by using a high-pressure spray gun to enable the surface of the fibrilia to be soaked with the polyurethane liquid to obtain a pre-soaked fibrilia net; the thickness of the flat laying is 3 mm; the high-pressure spray gun adopts a conventional 1MPa air compressor as pressure supply; the polyurethane liquid is prepared by using N, N-dimethylacetamide as a solvent, the mass concentration is 26%, and the using amount is controlled to be 2.5% of the weight of the fibrilia;
(3) spreading and conveying the cotton fibers in a loose manner, spraying an NMMO solvent by using a high-pressure spray gun to soak the NMMO solvent on the surfaces of the cotton fibers to obtain a pre-impregnated cotton fiber net; the thickness of the flat laying is 3 mm; the high-pressure spray gun adopts a conventional 1.2MPa air compressor as pressure supply; the NMMO solvent is N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide with the mass concentration of 84%, and the using amount of the NMMO solvent is controlled to be 1.2% of the weight of the cotton fibers;
(4) continuously laminating the prepreg fibrilia net and the prepreg cotton fiber net, then softly kneading the materials by a cotton kneading machine, wherein the softness is not realized in a compacted state, the softness time is 40s, and then drying the materials by a dryer at 72 ℃ for 2.5h to obtain dried composite fibers; the composite fiber is formed by compounding 45 mass percent of hemp fiber and 55 mass percent of cotton fiber;
(5) and (3) opening the dried composite fibers in an opener, and loosening the compressed and mutually entangled fibers to obtain the wrinkle-resistant high-elasticity ramie cotton composite fibers.
The test was carried out by the method of example 1, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
Example 5
(1) Soaking bleached flax fibers in a softening agent simethicone emulsion for 33h at 47 ℃ to ensure that the softening agent fully permeates the flax fibers, then fishing out the flax fibers, centrifugally filtering out redundant softening agent at the rotating speed of 4500rpm, and drying for 4h at 68 ℃ to obtain pretreated flax fibers;
(2) the method comprises the following steps of (1) loosely and horizontally paving and conveying pretreated fibrilia, spraying polyurethane liquid by using a high-pressure spray gun to enable the surface of the fibrilia to be soaked with the polyurethane liquid to obtain a pre-soaked fibrilia net; the thickness of the flat laying is 4 mm; the high-pressure spray gun adopts a conventional 1.4MPa air compressor as pressure supply; the polyurethane solution is prepared by taking N, N-dimethylacetamide as a solvent, the mass concentration is 33%, and the using amount is controlled to be 3.5% of the weight of the fibrilia;
(3) spreading and conveying the cotton fibers in a loose manner, spraying an NMMO solvent by using a high-pressure spray gun to soak the NMMO solvent on the surfaces of the cotton fibers to obtain a pre-impregnated cotton fiber net; the thickness of the flat laying is 4 mm; the high-pressure spray gun adopts a conventional 1.4MPa air compressor as pressure supply; the NMMO solvent is N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide with the mass concentration of 88 percent, and the dosage is controlled to be 1.4 percent of the weight of the cotton fiber;
(4) continuously laminating the prepreg fibrilia net and the prepreg cotton fiber net, then softly kneading the materials by a cotton kneading machine, wherein the softness is not realized in a compacted state, the softness time is 50s, and then drying the materials by a dryer at 78 ℃ for 1.5h to obtain dried composite fibers; the composite fiber is formed by compounding 55 mass percent of fibrilia and 45 mass percent of cotton fiber;
(5) and (3) opening the dried composite fibers in an opener, and loosening the compressed and mutually entangled fibers to obtain the wrinkle-resistant high-elasticity ramie cotton composite fibers.
The test was carried out by the method of example 1, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
Example 6
(1) Soaking and maintaining bleached ramie fibers in a softening agent amino-silicone oil emulsion at the temperature of 55 ℃ for 28 hours to ensure that the softening agent fully permeates the ramie fibers, then taking out the ramie fibers, centrifugally filtering out redundant softening agent at the rotating speed of 4500rpm, and drying for 4 hours at 66 ℃ to obtain pretreated ramie fibers;
(2) the method comprises the following steps of (1) loosely and horizontally paving and conveying pretreated fibrilia, spraying polyurethane liquid by using a high-pressure spray gun to enable the surface of the fibrilia to be soaked with the polyurethane liquid to obtain a pre-soaked fibrilia net; the thickness of the flat laying is 4 mm; the high-pressure spray gun adopts a conventional 1.1MPa air compressor as pressure supply; the polyurethane liquid is prepared by taking N, N-dimethylacetamide as a solvent, the mass concentration is 32%, and the using amount is controlled to be 3% of the weight of the fibrilia;
(3) spreading and conveying the cotton fibers in a loose manner, spraying an NMMO solvent by using a high-pressure spray gun to soak the NMMO solvent on the surfaces of the cotton fibers to obtain a pre-impregnated cotton fiber net; the thickness of the flat laying is 5 mm; the high-pressure spray gun adopts a conventional 1.5MPa air compressor as pressure supply; the NMMO solvent is N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide with the mass concentration of 88 percent, and the dosage is controlled to be 1.3 percent of the weight of the cotton fiber;
(4) continuously laminating the prepreg fibrilia net and the prepreg cotton fiber net, then softly kneading the fiber net by a cotton kneading machine, wherein the softness is not kept in a compacted state, the softness time is 50s, and then drying the fiber net for 2h at 76 ℃ by using a dryer to obtain dried composite fiber; the composite fiber is formed by compounding hemp fiber with the mass percent of 52% and cotton fiber with the mass percent of 48%;
(5) and (3) opening the dried composite fibers in an opener, and loosening the compressed and mutually entangled fibers to obtain the wrinkle-resistant high-elasticity ramie cotton composite fibers.
The test was carried out by the method of example 1, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 compared with example 1, the hemp fiber was treated with the polyurethane solution, and the rest was the same as example 1; due to the lack of polyurethane treatment, the elasticity of the fiber after compounding is reduced, affecting the wrinkle resistance. The test was carried out by the method of example 1, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 2
Compared with the embodiment 1, the comparative example 2 has the advantages that the cotton fibers are not treated by the NMMO solvent, and the surface of the cotton fibers is not provided with the adhesive cellulose, so that the cotton fibers and the fibrilia cannot be firmly and uniformly compounded in the fiber stage, and the softness is influenced; the test was carried out by the method of example 1, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1:
| performance index | Acute rebound angle (degree) | Slow rebound angle (degree) | Stiffness (mN.m) |
| Example 1 | 122 | 136 | 6.2 |
| Example 2 | 119 | 132 | 6.1 |
| Example 3 | 127 | 140 | 6.5 |
| Example 4 | 120 | 132 | 6.0 |
| Example 5 | 125 | 138 | 6.7 |
| Example 6 | 123 | 137 | 6.8 |
| Comparative example 1 | 84 | 92 | 9.7 |
| Comparative example 2 | 115 | 129 | 12 |
Through test comparison, the composite fiber is subjected to elastic treatment and cotton fiber bonding at the fiber level, and a prepared textile sample has excellent rebound resilience and excellent crease resistance; in the comparative example 1, the polyurethane liquid is adopted to treat the fibrilia, so that the elasticity of the fiber after being compounded is reduced, the resilience performance is poor, and wrinkles are easy to generate; comparative example 2 does not adopt the NMMO solvent to make the cotton fiber surface slightly soluble, and the cotton fiber surface does not form cohesive cellulose, so that the composite uniformity and fastness of the cotton fiber and the hemp fiber at the fiber stage are affected, and the tightly combined cotton fiber-hemp fiber cannot be formed, thereby affecting the softness, and the stiffness is larger and the softness is poor.
Claims (10)
1. The crease-resistant high-elasticity ramie cotton composite fiber is characterized in that the ramie cotton composite fiber is prepared by soaking polyurethane liquid on the surface of ramie fiber pretreated by a softening agent to prepare a pre-soaked ramie fiber net, soaking the surface of the ramie fiber with NMMO solvent to prepare a pre-soaked ramie cotton fiber net, and then continuously superposing, kneading, drying and opening the fiber net;
the hemp-cotton composite fiber is prepared by the following method:
(1) soaking and maintaining the fibrilia in a softening agent to enable the softening agent to fully permeate the fibrilia, then taking out the fibrilia, centrifugally filtering out redundant softening agent at the rotating speed of 3000-5000rpm, and drying for 3-5h at 60-70 ℃ to obtain pretreated fibrilia;
(2) the method comprises the following steps of (1) loosely and horizontally paving and conveying pretreated fibrilia, spraying polyurethane liquid by using a high-pressure spray gun to enable the surface of the fibrilia to be soaked with the polyurethane liquid to obtain a pre-soaked fibrilia net;
(3) spreading and conveying the cotton fibers in a loose manner, spraying an NMMO solvent by using a high-pressure spray gun to soak the NMMO solvent on the surfaces of the cotton fibers to obtain a pre-impregnated cotton fiber net;
(4) continuously superposing the prepreg fibrilia net and the prepreg cotton fiber net, then softly kneading by a cotton kneading machine, and drying for 1-3h at 70-80 ℃ by a dryer to obtain dried composite fiber;
(5) and (3) opening the dried composite fibers in an opener, and loosening the compressed and mutually entangled fibers to obtain the wrinkle-resistant high-elasticity ramie cotton composite fibers.
2. The wrinkle-resistant high-elasticity ramie cotton composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the softener is one of a simethicone emulsion and an aminosilicone emulsion.
3. The crease-resistant high-elasticity ramie-cotton composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the fibrilia is one of bleached flax fiber and ramie fiber.
4. The crease-resistant high-elasticity ramie cotton composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the polyurethane liquid is a polyurethane liquid with N, N-dimethylacetamide as a solvent, the mass concentration is 25-35%, and the amount is controlled to be 2-4% of the weight of the ramie fibers.
5. The wrinkle-resistant high-elasticity ramie-cotton composite fiber according to claim 1, wherein the NMMO solvent is N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide with a mass concentration of 80-90%, and the amount of the NMMO solvent is controlled to be 1-1.5% of the weight of the cotton fiber.
6. The preparation method of the crease-resistant high-elasticity ramie cotton composite fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) soaking and maintaining the fibrilia in a softening agent to enable the softening agent to fully permeate the fibrilia, then taking out the fibrilia, centrifugally filtering out redundant softening agent at the rotating speed of 3000-5000rpm, and drying for 3-5h at 60-70 ℃ to obtain pretreated fibrilia;
(2) the method comprises the following steps of (1) loosely and horizontally paving and conveying pretreated fibrilia, spraying polyurethane liquid by using a high-pressure spray gun to enable the surface of the fibrilia to be soaked with the polyurethane liquid to obtain a pre-soaked fibrilia net;
(3) spreading and conveying the cotton fibers in a loose manner, spraying an NMMO solvent by using a high-pressure spray gun to soak the NMMO solvent on the surfaces of the cotton fibers to obtain a pre-impregnated cotton fiber net;
(4) continuously superposing the prepreg fibrilia net and the prepreg cotton fiber net, then softly kneading by a cotton kneading machine, and drying for 1-3h at 70-80 ℃ by a dryer to obtain dried composite fiber;
(5) and (3) opening the dried composite fibers in an opener, and loosening the compressed and mutually entangled fibers to obtain the wrinkle-resistant high-elasticity ramie cotton composite fibers.
7. The preparation method of the crease-resistant high-elasticity ramie cotton composite fiber according to claim 6, wherein the soaking and curing time in the step (1) is 24-36h, and the temperature of the softening agent is controlled at 40-50 ℃.
8. The method for preparing the crease-resistant high-elasticity ramie cotton composite fiber according to claim 6, wherein the thickness of the flat laying is controlled within 5 mm; the high-pressure spray gun adopts a conventional air compressor with 0.8-1.5MPa as pressure supply.
9. The method for preparing the crease-resistant high-elasticity ramie cotton composite fiber according to claim 6, wherein the softness in the step (4) is not soft under a compacted state, and the softness time is 30-60 s.
10. The preparation method of the crease-resistant high-elasticity ramie-cotton composite fiber according to claim 6, wherein the ramie-cotton composite fiber in the step (4) is formed by compounding 40-60% of ramie fibers and 40-60% of cotton fibers by mass.
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