CN110665796B

CN110665796B - Agricultural breeding soybean classified screening device

Info

Publication number: CN110665796B
Application number: CN201910979625.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 侯云龙; 王跃强; 邱红梅; 高淑芹; 王洋; 马晓萍; 王迪; 崔正果; 胡金海; 陈健
Original assignee: Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2019-10-15
Filing date: 2019-10-15
Publication date: 2022-03-11
Anticipated expiration: 2039-10-15
Also published as: CN110665796A

Abstract

The invention discloses a soybean grading screening device for agricultural breeding, which relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment and mainly solves the problem that when soybeans are bred, the quality of planted crops is different due to different sizes of soybeans, and soybeans need to be screened. Thus, the soybeans were collected separately according to size. The soybean multi-stage screening and storing device has the advantages that soybeans can be screened in multiple stages and are respectively stored, the soybeans can be conveniently distinguished according to the sizes of the soybeans, and the quality of planted crops can be guaranteed.

Description

Agricultural breeding soybean classified screening device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, in particular to a soybean grading and screening device for agricultural breeding.

Background

In agricultural production, seeds are the most important factor for guaranteeing the growth quality of crops, the seeds need to be screened, the volume of the seeds is a factor for screening the seeds, and if the seeds are screened manually, the workload is high, errors also exist in mastering the volume of the seeds, and the seeds are not beneficial to the growth of the crops.

In the prior art, for example, patent No. CN201820135965.5, entitled "agricultural breeding soybean grading and screening device", the working efficiency is improved by placing breeding soybeans in a first cavity, a second cavity, and a third cavity in sequence, grading and screening the breeding soybeans, and collecting the grading and screening soybeans.

However, when the device is used, problems exist in that the breeding soybeans move in the spiral coil pipes in the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity to be screened, but the device cannot control the stay time of the soybeans in the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity, and under the condition that the number of the soybeans is large, part of the soybeans may leak out of the first cavity originally, but due to the fact that the number of the soybeans is large, the soybeans cannot leak out of the first cavity, and therefore the soybeans fall into the second cavity or the third cavity, and screening of the breeding soybeans is not thorough.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the agricultural breeding soybean grading and screening device which has the advantages of being capable of screening breeding soybeans in multiple stages, controlling automatic material guiding of the breeding soybeans and screening the breeding soybeans more thoroughly, and solves the defect that the soybeans are difficult to screen by manual selection or general mechanical equipment.

The invention aims to solve the problems and designs a soybean grading and screening device for agricultural breeding.

The technical scheme of the invention is that the agricultural breeding soybean grading screening device comprises a screening box, a connecting mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a recovery mechanism, a material taking mechanism and a controller are arranged in the screening box, a multi-stage screening mechanism is arranged in the screening box, a material guide mechanism is arranged on one side of the multi-stage screening mechanism,

the multistage screening mechanism comprises three filter boxes positioned in a screening box, connecting shafts are arranged on the surfaces of the two outer sides of the filter boxes, fixed bearings are arranged on one sides of the connecting shafts, the fixed bearings are fixedly arranged on the inner side surfaces of the screening box, one ends of the connecting shafts are inserted into the fixed bearings, a plurality of filtering holes are formed in the lower surfaces of the filter boxes, three collecting boxes are arranged in the screening box, the collecting boxes are positioned on one sides of the lower portions of the filter boxes, collecting openings are formed in one sides of the upper ends of the collecting boxes, flexible collecting channels are installed at the positions of the collecting openings, inlet ends of the flexible collecting channels are fixedly arranged on the lower surfaces of the collecting boxes, a first rotating motor is arranged on the upper surface of the screening box, a rotating disc is installed at the rotating end of the first rotating motor, a circular through hole is formed in one side of the uppermost fixed bearing, a fixed shaft is arranged on one side of the circular through hole, one end of the fixed shaft is inserted into the fixed bearings, a rotating table is installed at the other end of the fixed shaft, and connecting rods are installed on the outer surfaces of the rotating disc and the rotating table, one side of the connecting rod is provided with a connecting plate, two ends of the connecting plate are provided with connecting holes, the connecting holes are sleeved on the connecting rod, and the tail end of the connecting rod is provided with a round baffle.

The filtering holes formed in the lower surfaces of the three filtering tanks are different in size, and the filtering holes in the filtering tank which is located downwards are larger.

The connecting mechanism comprises fixing rods fixedly mounted at the upper ends of the surfaces of the two sides of the filter box, a transmission plate is arranged on one side of the screening box, three transmission holes are formed in the transmission plate and sleeved on the fixing rods, and a protection plate is mounted at the tail ends of the fixing rods.

The material guiding mechanism comprises a discharge port positioned at the lower end of the surface of one side of the filter box, a feed port is arranged above the discharge port, an inclined baffle is arranged on the surface of one side in the filter box and positioned between the feed port and the discharge port, a flexible connecting channel is arranged between the discharge port and the feed port below the discharge port, a slideway is arranged above and below the discharge port, a movable plate is arranged at one side of the discharge port, two ends of the movable plate are positioned in the slideway, a connecting spring is arranged on the surface of one side in the filter box, one end of the connecting spring is fixedly connected with one end of the movable plate, an inlet and an outlet are formed in the surface of the other side of the filter box, an elastic rope is arranged at the other end of the movable plate, three through holes are formed in the filter box and positioned at one side of the inlet and the outlet, a second rotating motor is arranged at the lower end of one side surface of the filter box, a shaft coupling is arranged at the rotating end of the second rotating motor, and a connecting bearing is arranged above the rotating end of the second rotating motor, the upper end of the coupler is connected with a winding shaft, the upper end of the winding shaft is inserted into the connecting bearing, and one end of the elastic rope penetrates through the inlet and the outlet and the through hole and is wound on the winding shaft.

Feeding mechanism installs the loading hopper including the charge door that is located screening case upper end one side, feed door department, and loading hopper department installs and rotates the shutter, and flexible feedstock channel is installed to the loading hopper exit end, flexible feedstock channel exit end and the feed inlet fixed connection of the top.

The recycling mechanism comprises a recycling opening positioned on one side of the lower end of the screening box, a recycling box is installed on one side of the recycling opening, a flexible recycling channel is installed at the inlet end of the recycling box, and the inlet end of the flexible recycling channel penetrates through the recycling opening and is fixedly connected with the lowest discharge opening.

The material taking mechanism comprises a material taking port located on one side of the lower surface of the collecting box, a movable stop gate is installed at the position of the material taking port, a square opening is formed in one side of the material taking port, a material guide plate is installed at the square opening, the upper end of the material guide plate is installed on one side below the material taking port, the lower end of the material guide plate extends out of the square opening, and a blocking plate is installed on the upper surface of the material guide plate.

The multi-stage screening mechanism is located in the screening machine, the connecting mechanism is located on one side of three filter boxes in the multi-stage screening mechanism, the material guiding mechanism is located on one side of three filter boxes in the multi-stage screening mechanism, the feeding mechanism is located on one side of the upper end of the screening box, the recycling mechanism is located on one side of the lower end of the screening box, the material taking mechanism is located on one side of a collecting box in the multi-stage screening mechanism, and the controller is fixedly installed on one side of the upper end of the screening box.

The agricultural breeding soybean grading and screening device manufactured by the technical scheme of the invention has the advantages that soybeans are placed in the filter boxes, the filter boxes are driven to rock by the rotating motor, so that the soybeans are fully mixed in the filter boxes, smaller soybeans are screened and collected by the filter holes, a plurality of filter boxes can be driven to rock by one rotating motor, the manufacturing cost is reduced, the discharge hole can be driven to be opened and closed by the rotation of the rotating motor, the soybeans in the upper filter box can be conveniently led into the lower filter box, automatic material guiding can be realized, feeding can be conveniently carried out in the uppermost filter box by the feeding hopper, the screened soybeans can be conveniently taken out by the recovery box, the soybeans with the same size can be taken out by the material taking hole, the device only needs to manually put the soybeans in, and the soybeans can be screened completely by the automatic operation of the device, the labor intensity is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a soybean classifying and screening apparatus for agricultural breeding according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the multi-stage screening mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of the coupling mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of the material guiding mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of the material guiding mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the take-off mechanism of the present invention;

in the figure, 1, a screening box; 2. a controller; 3. a filter box; 4. a connecting shaft; 5. fixing the bearing; 6. a filtration pore; 7. a collection box; 8. a collection port; 9. a flexible collection channel; 10. a first rotating electrical machine; 11. rotating the disc; 12. a circular through hole; 13. a fixed shaft; 14. a rotating table; 15. a connecting rod; 16. a connecting plate; 17. connecting holes; 18. a circular baffle; 19. fixing the rod; 20. a drive plate; 21. a drive bore; 22. a protection plate; 23. a discharge port; 24. a feed inlet; 25. an inclined baffle plate; 26. a flexible connecting channel; 27. a slideway; 28. moving the plate; 29. a connecting spring; 30. an inlet and an outlet; 31. an elastic cord; 32. a through hole; 33. a second rotating electrical machine; 34. a coupling; 35. connecting a bearing; 36. a spool; 37. a feed inlet; 38. a hopper; 39. rotating the stop gate; 40. a flexible feed channel; 41. a recovery port; 42. a recycling bin; 43. a flexible recovery channel; 44. a material taking port; 45. a movable stop gate; 46. a square opening; 47. a material guide plate; 48. a interception plate.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings, which are shown in fig. 1-6.

In this embodiment, the controller 2 is used for controlling, the model of the controller 2 is RCKY-KZ, the power supply access terminal of the controller 2 is electrically connected with the industrial electrical interface to be powered on, the industrial electrical interface is electrically connected with the first rotating electrical machine 10 and the second rotating electrical machine 33 respectively to supply power, and the control signal output terminal of the controller 2 is electrically connected with the first rotating electrical machine 10 and the second rotating electrical machine 33 to control the operation thereof through the relay.

The invention is characterized in that the structure design of the multistage screening mechanism is combined with the attached figures 1 and 2, the multistage screening mechanism comprises three filter boxes 3 positioned in a screening box 1, connecting shafts 4 are arranged on the outer surfaces of two sides of the filter boxes 3, one side of each connecting shaft 4 is provided with a fixed bearing 5, the fixed bearings 5 are fixedly arranged on the inner side surfaces of the screening box 1, one end of each connecting shaft 4 is inserted into the corresponding fixed bearing 5, a plurality of filter holes 6 are formed in the lower surfaces of the filter boxes 3, three collecting boxes 7 are arranged in the screening box 1, the collecting box 7 is positioned on one side below the filter boxes 3, one side of the upper end of the collecting box 7 is provided with a collecting port 8, a flexible collecting channel 9 is arranged at the position of the collecting port 8, the inlet end of the flexible collecting channel 9 is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the collecting box 7, a first rotating motor 10 is arranged on the upper surface of the screening box 1, and a rotating disc 11 is arranged at the rotating end of the first rotating motor 10, open 5 one side of fixed bearing of the top has circular through-hole 12, 12 one sides of circular through-hole are equipped with fixed axle 13, fixed axle 13 one end inserts in fixed bearing 5, fixed axle 13 other end is installed and is rotated platform 14, carousel 11 and 14 outside surface mounting of rotation platform have connecting rod 15, connecting rod 15 one side is equipped with connecting plate 16, connecting plate 16 both ends are opened there is connecting hole 17, connecting hole 17 suit is on connecting rod 15, circular baffle 18 is installed to connecting rod 15 end, its main problem of solving is: the first rotating motor 10 rotates to drive the filter box 3 to circularly and repeatedly shake around the connecting shaft 4, so that the soybeans placed in the filter box 3 move up and down, smaller soybeans enter the collecting box 7 through the filter holes 6 to be screened,

the creation point of the application also lies in the structural design of the material guiding mechanism, and in the device, with reference to fig. 4 and 5, the material guiding mechanism comprises a discharge port 23 located at the lower end of one side surface of the filtering box 3, a feed port 24 is arranged above the discharge port 23, an inclined baffle 25 is arranged on one side surface in the filtering box 3, the inclined baffle 25 is located between the feed port 24 and the discharge port 23, a flexible connecting channel 26 is arranged between the discharge port 23 and the lower feed port 24, slideways 27 are arranged above and below the discharge port 23, a moving plate 28 is arranged on one side of the discharge port 23, two ends of the moving plate 28 are located in the slideways 27, a connecting spring 29 is arranged on one side surface in the filtering box 3, one end of the connecting spring 29 is fixedly connected with one end of the moving plate 28, an inlet and an outlet 30 are arranged on the other side surface of the filtering box 3, an elastic rope 31 is arranged at the other end of the moving plate 28, three through holes 32 are arranged on one side of the inlet and the outlet 30, screening case 1 side surface lower extreme installs second rotating electrical machines 33, and shaft coupling 34 is installed to second rotating electrical machines 33 rotatory end, and connection bearing 35 is installed to second rotating electrical machines 33 rotatory end top, and shaft coupling 34 upper end is connected with reel 36, and in the reel 36 upper end inserted connection bearing 35, stretch cord 31 one end passed exit 30 and through hole 32 and twined on reel 36, and its main problem of solving does: the elastic rope 31 can be retracted by the rotation of the second rotating motor 33, the moving plate 28 is pulled to move to one side, the discharge port 23 is opened, the screened soybeans enter the lower filter box 3 through the discharge port 23, the flexible connecting channel 26 and the feed port 24 to move the soybeans,

still be equipped with coupling mechanism in this application, feed mechanism, retrieve mechanism, feeding agencies, the suit is on dead lever 19 through driving plate 20 in the coupling mechanism, can rock the time-out at rose box 3 of the top, it rocks in step to drive rose box 3 of below, place the soybean in the loading hopper 38 in feeding agencies, can add the soybean through flexible feedstock channel 40, the soybean that has not screened out is retrieved in getting into collection box 42 through recovery mouth 41 and flexible recovery channel 43 in retrieving the mechanism, open through the removal shutter 45 with in the feeding agencies, can hold the soybean of collecting in the collecting box 7 respectively, its concrete work step is as follows:

step one, feeding: the rotating stop door 39 is opened, soybeans are put into the feeding hopper 38, the soybeans enter the uppermost filter box 3 through the feeding port 37, the flexible feeding channel 40 and the feeding port 24 under the action of gravity and fall on the inclined baffle 25, the rotating stop door 39 is closed, in the process, the soybeans are fed into the filter box 3 through the opening and closing of the rotating stop door 39, the soybeans can be prevented from leaking when the filter box 3 shakes,

step two, screening: the rotating disc 11, the rotating platform 14, the two connecting rods 15, the connecting plate 16 and the two connecting holes 17 form a crank rocker structure, because the diameter of the rotating disc 11 is smaller than that of the rotating platform 14, when the rotating disc 11 rotates, the rotating platform 14 can be driven to rotate in a circulating reciprocating manner, the first rotating motor 10 is started to rotate, the rotating disc 11 is driven to rotate, the rotating platform 14 can be driven to rotate in a circulating reciprocating manner through the transmission of the connecting plate 16, the uppermost filter box 3 is driven to rock around the connecting shaft 4 through the transmission of the fixed shaft 13, so that the soybeans on the inclined baffle 25 fall on the lower end of the filter box 3, and fall in the flexible collecting channel 9 through the filter holes 6 and enter the collecting box 7 through the collecting port 8 through the rocking of the filter box 3, the three filter boxes 3 can synchronously move through the transmission plate 20 and the fixed rod 19, the device can screen and collect soybeans by shaking the filter boxes 3, and can drive a plurality of filter boxes 3 to shake by the driving of the first rotating motor 10 through the driving of the driving plate 20, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the device,

step three, material guiding: after shaking for a period of time, the side of the filter box 3 provided with the inclined baffle 25 is positioned at a lower position, the first rotating motor 10 is closed, the second rotating motor 33 is started to rotate, the winding shaft 36 is driven to roll up the elastic rope 31, so that the movable plate 28 is pulled to move in the slide way 27, the discharge hole 23 is opened, under the action of gravity, the soybeans in the upper filter box 3 fall above the inclined baffle 25 in the lower filter box 3 through the discharge hole 23, the flexible connecting channel 26 and the feed hole 24, the soybeans in the lowest filter box 3 enter the recovery box 42 through the recovery hole 41 and the flexible recovery channel 43 to be recovered, the second rotating motor 33 is started to reversely rotate, the elastic rope 31 is discharged, the movable plate 28 pulls the movable plate 28 back to the original position under the action of the tension of the connecting spring 29, the discharge hole 23 is closed, the first step and the second step are repeated, and screening is continued, in the process, the device can automatically transfer the soybeans which are not screened out in the filter box 3,

step four, taking materials: after the screening is finished, the staff places the collection bag at the end of the guide plate 47, pulls open the movable stop gate 45, and the soybeans in the collection box 7 fall into the collection bag through the material taking port 44 and the guide plate 47 for collection.

The technical solutions described above only represent the preferred technical solutions of the present invention, and some possible modifications to some parts of the technical solutions by those skilled in the art all represent the principles of the present invention, and fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The agricultural breeding soybean grading screening device comprises a screening box (1), wherein a connecting mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a recovering mechanism, a material taking mechanism and a controller (2) are arranged in the screening box (1), and is characterized in that a multi-stage screening mechanism is arranged in the screening box (1), a material guiding mechanism is arranged on one side of the multi-stage screening mechanism,

the multistage screening mechanism comprises three filter boxes (3) positioned in a screening box (1), connecting shafts (4) are arranged on the surfaces of the outer two sides of each filter box (3), a fixed bearing (5) is arranged on one side of each connecting shaft (4), the fixed bearings (5) are fixedly arranged on the inner side surface of the screening box (1), one end of each connecting shaft (4) is inserted into the corresponding fixed bearing (5), a plurality of filter holes (6) are formed in the lower surface of each filter box (3), three collecting boxes (7) are arranged in the screening box (1), the collecting boxes (7) are positioned on one side below the filter boxes (3), a collecting opening (8) is formed in one side of the upper end of each collecting box (7), a flexible collecting channel (9) is arranged at the position of each collecting opening (8), an inlet end of each flexible collecting channel (9) is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of each collecting box (7), a first rotating motor (10) is arranged on the upper surface of the screening box (1), and a rotating disc (11) is arranged at the rotating end of each first rotating motor (10), one side of the fixed bearing (5) at the top is provided with a circular through hole (12), one side of the circular through hole (12) is provided with a fixed shaft (13), one end of the fixed shaft (13) is inserted into the fixed bearing (5), the other end of the fixed shaft (13) is provided with a rotating platform (14), the outer side surfaces of the rotating disc (11) and the rotating platform (14) are provided with connecting rods (15), one side of each connecting rod (15) is provided with a connecting plate (16), two ends of each connecting plate (16) are provided with connecting holes (17), the connecting holes (17) are sleeved on the connecting rods (15), the tail ends of the connecting rods (15) are provided with circular baffles (18), and the diameter of the rotating disc (11) is smaller than that of the rotating platform (14);

the material guiding mechanism comprises a discharge port (23) positioned at the lower end of the surface of one side of the filter box (3), a feed port (24) is arranged above the discharge port (23), an inclined baffle (25) is arranged on the surface of one side in the filter box (3), the inclined baffle (25) is positioned between the feed port (24) and the discharge port (23), a flexible connecting channel (26) is arranged between the discharge port (23) and the feed port (24) below the discharge port (23), a slide way (27) is arranged above and below the discharge port (23), a movable plate (28) is arranged on one side of the discharge port (23), two ends of the movable plate (28) are positioned in the slide way (27), a connecting spring (29) is arranged on the surface of one side in the filter box (3), one end of the connecting spring (29) is fixedly connected with one end of the movable plate (28), an inlet and an outlet (30) are formed in the surface of the other side of the filter box (3), and an elastic rope (31) is arranged at the other end of the movable plate (28), three through holes (32) are formed in the screening box (1), the through holes (32) are located on one side of the inlet and outlet (30), a second rotating motor (33) is installed at the lower end of the surface of one side of the screening box (1), a coupler (34) is installed at the rotating end of the second rotating motor (33), a connecting bearing (35) is installed above the rotating end of the second rotating motor (33), a winding shaft (36) is connected to the upper end of the coupler (34), the upper end of the winding shaft (36) is inserted into the connecting bearing (35), one end of an elastic rope (31) penetrates through the inlet and outlet (30) and the through holes (32) and is wound on the winding shaft (36), the connecting mechanism is located on one side of three filtering boxes (3) in the multi-stage screening mechanism, and the material guide mechanism is located on one side of the three filtering boxes (3) in the multi-stage screening mechanism;

the connecting mechanism comprises fixing rods (19) fixedly mounted at the upper ends of the surfaces of the two sides of the filter box (3), a transmission plate (20) is arranged on one side of the screening box (1), three transmission holes (21) are formed in the transmission plate (20), the transmission holes (21) are sleeved on the fixing rods (19), and a protection plate (22) is mounted at the tail ends of the fixing rods (19).

2. The soybean classifying and screening apparatus for agricultural breeding according to claim 1, wherein the filtering holes (6) formed in the lower surfaces of the three filtering boxes (3) are different in size, and the filtering holes (6) in the filtering box (3) located further down are larger.

3. The soybean classifying and screening device for agricultural breeding according to claim 1, wherein the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding opening (37) located on one side of the upper end of the screening box (1), a feeding hopper (38) is installed at the feeding opening (37), a rotary stop door (39) is installed at the feeding hopper (38), a flexible feeding channel (40) is installed at the outlet end of the feeding hopper (38), and the outlet end of the flexible feeding channel (40) is fixedly connected with the uppermost feeding port (24).

4. The soybean classifying screen device for agricultural breeding according to claim 1, wherein the recycling mechanism comprises a recycling opening (41) located at one side of the lower end of the screen box (1), a recycling box (42) is installed at one side of the recycling opening (41), a flexible recycling channel (43) is installed at the inlet end of the recycling box (42), and the inlet end of the flexible recycling channel (43) passes through the recycling opening (41) and is fixedly connected with the lowest discharge opening (23).

5. The agricultural breeding soybean grading screening device according to claim 1, wherein the material taking mechanism comprises a material taking opening (44) located on one side of the lower surface of the collecting box (7), a movable stop door (45) is installed at the material taking opening (44), a square opening (46) is formed in one side of the material taking opening (44), a material guide plate (47) is installed at the square opening (46), the upper end of the material guide plate (47) is installed on one side below the material taking opening (44), the lower end of the material guide plate (47) extends out of the square opening (46), and a blocking plate (48) is installed on the upper surface of the material guide plate (47).

6. The agricultural breeding soybean classified screening device according to claim 1, wherein the multi-stage screening mechanism is located in the screening machine, the feeding mechanism is located on one side of the upper end of the screening box (1), the recovery mechanism is located on one side of the lower end of the screening box (1), the material taking mechanism is located on one side of the collection box (7) in the multi-stage screening mechanism, and the controller (2) is fixedly installed on one side of the upper end of the screening box (1).