CN1106648A - 假肢关节 - Google Patents

假肢关节 Download PDF

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CN1106648A
CN1106648A CN94118709A CN94118709A CN1106648A CN 1106648 A CN1106648 A CN 1106648A CN 94118709 A CN94118709 A CN 94118709A CN 94118709 A CN94118709 A CN 94118709A CN 1106648 A CN1106648 A CN 1106648A
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discharge opeing
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曼弗雷德·克鲁肯伯格
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Otto Bock Orthopadische Industrie KG
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    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
    • A61F2/68—Operating or control means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
    • A61F2/60—Artificial legs or feet or parts thereof
    • A61F2/64—Knee joints
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
    • A61F2/68—Operating or control means
    • A61F2/74—Operating or control means fluid, i.e. hydraulic or pneumatic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
    • A61F2/68—Operating or control means
    • A61F2/74—Operating or control means fluid, i.e. hydraulic or pneumatic
    • A61F2/744—Vane- or curved-cylinder type actuators, e.g. actuators using rotary pistons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
    • A61F2/60—Artificial legs or feet or parts thereof
    • A61F2/605—Hip joints
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
    • A61F2002/5003—Prostheses not implantable in the body having damping means, e.g. shock absorbers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
    • A61F2002/5016—Prostheses not implantable in the body adjustable
    • A61F2002/5027—Prostheses not implantable in the body adjustable for adjusting cross-section
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
    • A61F2002/5038—Hinged joint, e.g. with transverse axle restricting the movement
    • A61F2002/5039—Hinged joint, e.g. with transverse axle restricting the movement allowing only for single rotation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/50—Prostheses not implantable in the body
    • A61F2002/5038—Hinged joint, e.g. with transverse axle restricting the movement
    • A61F2002/5043—Hinged joint, e.g. with transverse axle restricting the movement with rotation-limiting stops, e.g. projections or recesses

Abstract

本发明涉及一种假肢关节，特别是膝关节或髋关 节，具有一个关节上部(1)、一个关节下部(2)、一个关 节轴(3)和一个关节旋动阻尼装置，其中，关节轴(3) 把关节上部(1)和关节下部(2)可旋动地联在一起，并 且与一个关节部分(1)不转动地相连。为了使关节结 构更加紧凑，本发明建议，阻尼装置并入关节两部分 (1、2)中的一部分(2)并直接作用在与一个关节部分 (1)不转动地相连的关节轴(3)上。

Description

本发明涉及一种假肢关节，特别是膝关节或髋关节，该关节具有一个关节上部、一个关节下部、一个关节轴和一个关节旋动阻尼装置，其中，关节轴把关节上部和关节下部可旋动地连在一起，并且与一个关节部分不转动地相连。
对膝关节进行液压阻尼是现有技术，其中，规定了一个设在关节之外的液压阻尼缸，该液压阻尼缸的一端铰接在关节下部上，并且其活塞杆作用在一个与关节上部相连的杠杆上。
本发明的任务在于，特别是在功能方面改进这种关节结构。
解决以上任务的技术方案是：
1）阻尼装置并入关节两部分中的一部分并直接作用在与一个关节部分不转动地相连的关节轴上;
2）阻尼装置具有一个封闭的、通过其周边至少部分地同心包覆关节轴的排液室，该排液室被回转活塞结构的关节轴分为两个分室;
3）排液室的两个分室通过两个并联的、起相反作用的节流单向阀相互连在一起;
4）两个节流单向阀可独立地从外部操纵。
在构成膝关节时，本发明的结构在公开的制动膝之外还能对摆动期进行控制，其中，可对后屈和前伸时的摆动阻力进行单独调节。
原则上可通过机械或电气伺服机构完成对节流的操纵。按照本发明，有利之处在于，通过可轴向移动的节流杆对节流阀进行操纵，比如可通过手调的滚花螺钉或类似构件使节流杆移动。
特别是在膝关节结构的假肢关节中，作用在关节上的力使屈膝节流阀实现预限定的关闭是有利的。这在结设计构上，可通过伸缩控制装置、力控制装置或力矩控制装置加以实现。
回转活塞最好具有一个矩形的活塞板，该活塞板通过一个密封框贴靠在封闭结构的排液室的两个端侧和圆柱形内壁上，该密封框可最好是通过一个用螺钉与活塞板连接的止动块固定。这样，可得到一个各侧封闭的排液室，仅在回转活塞密封区有预定的限定漏泄。在此，对排液室起对外密封作用的回转活塞密封处于回转活塞轴承之外是有利的。基于排液室内存在的超压，回转活塞轴承的润滑是通过其润滑性能因此良好的液压油进行的。
本发明的其它特征是从属权利要求的主题，下面借助一个实施例结合本发明的其它优点对这些特征详加说明。
附图中示出了一个实施例，其中所示为：
图1为膝关节侧示图;
图2为图1所示膝关节的前视图;
图3为图1所示膝关节的俯视图;
图4为图2中A-A线的纵断面图;
图5为图2中C-C线的纵断面图;
图6为图1中B-B线的横断面图;
作为假肢关节的举例示出了一个膝关节，该膝关节由一个关节上部1和一个与关节上部有些偏心设置的关节下部2组成。两个关节部分1、2的可摆动连接是通过一个不转动地与关节上部1连接的关节轴3完成的。在连接状态下，关节上部1以其部分圆柱构形的底面支承在关节下部2的圆柱形表面4上。基于相互间的偏心设置，当关节旋动时，关节上部1以其底面擦撞到圆柱形表面4上，这样，圆柱形表面4的整个面作为关节挡块，因此可不单设关节挡块。
为了对关节旋动进行阻尼，在图示的实施例中具有一个直接并入关节下部2的液压阻尼装置，该阻尼装置直接作用在关节轴3上。该液压阻尼装置包括一个封闭的、通过其周边部分地同心包覆关节轴3的排液室5，该排液室被回转活塞结构的关节轴3分成两个分室5a、5b。为此，关节轴3上有一块矩形的、沿轴向和径向伸展的活塞板6。该活塞板以其两个径向伸展的端边密封地贴靠在排液室5的两个端壁上，并以其轴向伸展的纵向边密封地贴靠在排液室5的圆柱形内壁上。该密封最好是通过一个密封框7实现的，密封框7通过一个用螺钉与活塞板6连接的、图中没示出的止动块固定在活塞板6上。
排液室5与外界的密封是通过回转活塞密封8来完成的，回转活塞密封8处于回转活塞轴承9之外。回转活塞轴承的润滑由排液室中的超压来完成，排液室中最好充以高润滑特性的液压油。
排液分室5a、5b通过两个并联的、起相反作用的节流单向阀10相互连通。这两个节流单向阀设在两个在关节下部中并排设置的孔11中。这两个孔向关节轴3垂直伸展，并且各通过一个密封填料盒12形成对外封闭。
为了操纵每个节流单向阀10的节流部位，在图示的实施例中分别设有一个节流杆13。通过一个图中没示出的调节装置，比如一个手动的滚花螺钉可使节流杆13纵向移动，节流杆13以其图5中示出的上自由端或深或浅地伸向两分室5a、5b之间液流连接处的通流截面。由于能对两个节流杆13进行单独调节，所以，为后屈和前伸也能对关节旋动阻力进行单独调节。其中，另一有利之处在于，加到膝上的负荷导致屈膝节流阀关闭，这可通过图中没示出的伸缩控制装置、力控制装置或力矩控制装置加以实现。

Claims (10)

1、一假肢关节，特别是一膝关节或髋关节，具有一个关节上部(1)、一个关节下部(2)、一个关节轴(3)和一个关节旋动阻尼装置，其中，关节轴(3)把关节上部(1)和关节下部(2)可旋动地联在一起，并且与一个关节部分(1)不转动地相连，其特征在于：
1)阻尼装置并入关节两部分(1、2)中的一部分(2)并直接作用在与一个关节部分(1)不转动地相连的关节轴(3)上；
2)阻尼装置具有一个封闭的、通过其周边至少部分地同心包覆关节轴(3)的排液室(5)，该排液室被回转活塞(3、6、7)结构的关节轴(3)分为两个分室(5a、5b)；
3)排液室(3)的两个分室(5a、5b)通过两个并联的、起相反作用的节流单向阀(10)相互连在一起；
4)两个节流单向阀(10)可独立地从外部操纵。
2、按照权利要求1所述的假肢关节，其特征在于，通过一个可轴向移动的节流杆（13）对节流阀进行操纵。
3、按照权利要求2所述的假肢关节，其特征在于，为了移动节流杆（13），设有一个可手调的滚花螺钉或类似构件。
4、按照权利要求1、2或3所述的假肢关节，其特征在于，作用在关节上的力使屈膝节流阀实现预定的关闭。
5、按照以上权利要求任一项所述的假肢关节，其特征在于，回转活塞（3、6、7）具有一个矩形的活塞板（6），该活塞板通过一个密封框（7）贴靠在排液室（5）的两个端侧的圆柱形的内壁上。
6、按照权利要求5所述的假肢关节，其特征在于，密封框（7）是通过一个用螺钉与活塞板（6）连接的止动块固定的。
7、按照以上权利要求任一项所述的假肢关节，其特征在于，对排液室（5）起对外密封作用的回转活塞密封（8）处于回转活塞轴承（9）之外。
8、按照以上权利要求任一项所述的假肢关节，其特征在于，为了把两个节流单向阀（10）装入容纳排液室（5）的关节部分（2）中，设有两个孔（11），这两个孔各通过一个密封填料盒（12）形成对外封闭。
9、按照以上权利要求任一项所述的假肢关节，其特征在于，阻尼介质是一种润滑性能良好的液压油。
10、按照以上权利要求任一项所述的假肢关节，其特征在于，关节上部（1）以其部分圆柱形的底面支承在与关节上部偏心设置的关节下部（2）的圆柱形表面（4）上。
CN94118709A 1993-11-15 1994-11-15 假肢关节 Expired - Lifetime CN1095642C (zh)

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CA (1) CA2134999C (zh)
DE (2) DE4338946C1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2138023T3 (zh)
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101389291B (zh) * 2006-02-27 2011-04-20 奥托·博克保健有限公司 髋关节假肢和控制髋关节假肢的方法
CN103002836A (zh) * 2007-07-09 2013-03-27 奥托·博克保健有限公司 矫形技术的流体阻尼器
CN108542560A (zh) * 2018-04-18 2018-09-18 北京工道风行智能技术有限公司 一种应用于机械关节的阻尼结构及机械膝关节
CN108890690A (zh) * 2018-08-29 2018-11-27 太原科技大学 一种基于磁流变液的气动肌肉仿生关节
CN110382905A (zh) * 2017-02-24 2019-10-25 因文图斯工程有限公司 具有转动阻尼器的假肢器具

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19506426C1 (de) * 1995-02-24 1996-11-28 Bock Orthopaed Ind Bremskniegelenk
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JP4808026B2 (ja) 2002-08-22 2011-11-02 ヴィクソム ヒューマン バイオニクス インコーポレーテッド 膝上部肢切断患者用の駆動源付き義足
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DE4338946C1 (de) 1995-05-24
ZA949064B (en) 1995-07-20
CA2134999A1 (en) 1995-05-16
JPH07250852A (ja) 1995-10-03
ES2138023T3 (es) 2000-01-01
CA2134999C (en) 2001-01-09
JP2004337636A (ja) 2004-12-02
CN1095642C (zh) 2002-12-11
RU94039550A (ru) 1996-08-20
EP0654254A1 (de) 1995-05-24
BR9404455A (pt) 1995-06-20
RU2112465C1 (ru) 1998-06-10
TR27842A (tr) 1995-08-31
EP0654254B1 (de) 1999-09-08

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