CN110663319B

CN110663319B - Seed manure mixes seeder

Info

Publication number: CN110663319B
Application number: CN201911145849.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢守勇; 谢秋菊; 魏志强; 刘军; 陈翀
Original assignee: Southwest University
Current assignee: Southwest University
Priority date: 2019-11-21
Filing date: 2019-11-21
Publication date: 2021-07-27
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-21
Also published as: CN110663319A

Abstract

The invention relates to a seed and fertilizer mixed sowing device, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and comprises a cup body, a blanking regulator and a mixed control system, wherein a mixed channel with two large ends and a small middle is arranged in the cup body, a machine fertilizer inlet and a seed inlet are arranged at the upper end of the mixed channel, a seed and fertilizer falling port is arranged at the lower end of the mixed channel, the blanking regulator comprises a material blocking cover which is rotatably arranged at the seed and fertilizer falling port and an opening and closing motor which is used for rotationally driving the material blocking cover, and the mixed control system comprises a counting sensor which is arranged at the seed inlet, a switch electromagnetic valve which is arranged at the organic fertilizer inlet and a PLC (programmable logic controller) which is electrically communicated with the counting sensor and the switch electromagnetic valve. The invention can realize the automatic mixing hole application of the organic fertilizer and the crop seeds, and has the advantages of high automation degree, uniform and reliable mixing, fine operation, no waste, strong adaptability and high seed survival rate.

Description

Seed manure mixes seeder

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a seed and fertilizer mixed seeding device.

Background

The organic fertilizer is a carbon-containing material which is applied to soil to provide plant nutrition as a main function, the main raw material of the organic fertilizer is animals, plant residues or metabolites, and toxic and harmful substances in the organic fertilizer are eliminated through processing, so that the organic fertilizer rich in a large number of beneficial substances can be prepared. The organic fertilizer not only can provide comprehensive nutrition for crops, but also has long fertilizer efficiency, can increase and update soil organic matters, promote microbial propagation, improve the physical and chemical properties and biological activity of soil, and is a main nutrient for green food production.

The organic fertilizer contains more nutrients but has low relative content and is released slowly, so that the organic fertilizer is generally applied in holes, and can quickly promote and activate soil, improve the air permeability of the soil and promote the quick growth and development of roots. On the other hand, in agricultural planting, such hole-sowing planting is mainly used for cultivating row crops such as corn, cotton, sugar beet, sunflower, beans, and the like. Therefore, in order to achieve the purpose that the organic fertilizer promotes the rapid growth of the root system, when cultivating crops such as corn and the like, the organic fertilizer is generally covered on crop seeds.

The existing traditional bunch planting device mostly adopts a furrow opener and a soil covering and pressing device to realize bunch planting of seeds, and the device has the advantages of good adaptability and wide application, but has the defect that bunch planting of organic fertilizers cannot be realized simultaneously when intertillage crops are planted.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a seed and fertilizer mixing seeding device, which can realize mixed hole application of organic fertilizer and crop seeds, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and strong adaptability.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

seed manure mixes seeder, including cup, blanking regulator and hybrid control system, be provided with the little hybrid channel in the big centre in two in the cup, hybrid channel's upper end is provided with machine fertile entry and seed entry, hybrid channel's lower extreme is provided with seed manure and falls the mouth, the blanking regulator includes rotatable setting at the fender material lid that kind is fertile and falls the mouth and carry out rotary drive's switching motor to keeping off the material lid, hybrid control system including set up at the counting sensor of seed entry, set up at the switch solenoid valve of fertilizer entry and with the PLC controller of counting sensor and switch solenoid valve electric intercommunication.

Further, the cup with be provided with the axis of rotation between the fender material lid, be connected for rotating between axis of rotation and the cup, be fixed connection between axis of rotation and the fender material lid, the main shaft and the axis of rotation of switching motor are fixed.

Further, the PLC controller is electrically communicated with the opening and closing motor.

Further, fertilizer entry and seed entry are mutually independent opening, just the seed entry sets up with cup direction slope.

Further, the seed manure falling opening is obliquely arranged with the direction of the cup body.

Further, a fixing plate used for being fixed with a seeding machine is arranged outside the cup body, and a fixing hole is formed in the fixing plate.

Furthermore, the edge of the material blocking cover is provided with bulges.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, the organic fertilizer and the seeds are fully mixed at a narrow position through the mixing channel with two large ends and a small middle part, so that the organic fertilizer and the seeds are beneficial to forming a bulk shape to adapt to hole application, and on the other hand, the feed inlet positioned above is convenient to receive incoming materials due to a large diameter and is not easy to spill, the discharge outlet positioned below is large in diameter, so that the discharge resistance is small, the discharge is smoother, the channel is not blocked, the continuous work is convenient, and the working efficiency is improved;

2. the invention records the quantity of seeds through the mixing control system and controls the organic fertilizer to be mixed with the seeds, thereby realizing the proportional mixing of the organic fertilizer and the seeds and ensuring that the fertilizing amount is enough but not wasted;

3. the invention also realizes the intermittent falling of the seed fertilizer mixture through the falling regulator, which is matched with the advancing speed and improves the adaptability.

In a word, the invention can realize the automatic mixing hole application of the organic fertilizer and the crop seeds, and has the advantages of high automation degree, uniform and reliable mixing, fine operation, no waste, strong adaptability and high seed survival rate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a cup body;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a material blocking cover;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the falling state of seeds and organic fertilizer;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the mixing state of seeds and organic fertilizer;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the formation of a seed fertilizer mixture.

Description of reference numerals:

1-cup body; 2-a mixing channel; 3-feeding organic fertilizer; 4-seed inlet; 5-seed fertilizer falling; 6-material blocking cover; 7-switching on and off the motor; 8-a counting sensor; 9-switching the electromagnetic valve; 10-a PLC controller; 11-a rotating shaft; 12-a fixing plate; 13-a fixation hole; 14-a bump; 15-D shaped pores.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the above description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "one side", "the other side" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or the element to which the present invention is directed must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Further, the term "identical" and the like do not mean that the components are absolutely required to be identical, but may have slight differences. The term "perpendicular" merely means that the positional relationship between the components is more perpendicular than "parallel", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly perpendicular, but may be slightly inclined.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the seed-fertilizer mixing and seeding device of the present embodiment comprises a cup body 1, a blanking regulator and a mixing control system, wherein a mixing channel 2 with two large ends and a small middle part is arranged in the cup body to form a gourd-shaped structure, of course, if the mixing channel is made of a uniform-thickness material, the shape is gourd-shaped, as shown in the figure, a narrow part in the middle can fully mix organic fertilizer and seeds and is easy to agglomerate to be applied in a hole, an organic fertilizer inlet 3 and a seed inlet 4 are arranged at the upper end of the mixing channel, a seed-fertilizer dropping port 5 is arranged at the lower end of the mixing channel, the organic fertilizer inlet and the seed inlet which are arranged above are convenient to receive incoming materials and are not easy to spill due to large diameter, the seed-fertilizer dropping port which is arranged below is also large in diameter, the discharging resistance is small, the discharging is smoother, the channel can not be blocked by blanking, and is convenient to continuously work, the regulator of the present embodiment comprises a blocking cover, it is rotatory for the cup to drive through the switching motor and keep off the material lid to adjust the aperture that the seed manure fell the mouth, and then realize that seed manure mixture intermittent type falls, with the speed phase-match of marcing, the hybrid control system of this embodiment including set up at the count sensor 8 of seed entry, set up at the switch solenoid valve 9 of fertilizer entry and with count sensor and switch solenoid valve electric communication's PLC controller 10. The counting sensor can be a photoelectric counting sensor and is used for detecting the quantity of discharged seeds, the PLC receives sensor signals and sends opening and closing signals to the switch electromagnetic valve, when the specified seed quantity is reached, if 4 seeds are obtained, the switch electromagnetic valve is opened, and rated fertilizer is discharged, if 8g, so that the fertilizer seeds are mixed according to a certain proportion and are uniformly mixed without waste, and the specific fertilizer discharge quantity is determined by opening time, flow rate parameters and the like.

As the improvement of this embodiment, be provided with axis of rotation 11 between cup and the fender lid, be connected for rotating between axis of rotation and the cup, be fixed connection between axis of rotation and the fender lid, the main shaft and the axis of rotation of switching motor are fixed, during the concrete implementation, set up to clearance fit between axis of rotation and the cup hole, set up to interference fit between axis of rotation and the fender lid, can realize the rotary drive to keeping off the material lid.

In this embodiment, the rotating shaft and the cup body hole may be matched with a special-shaped hole, such as a D-shaped hole 15, and when the rotating shaft rotates, the material blocking cover may also be driven to rotate, as shown in fig. 3.

As a further improvement of the embodiment, the PLC is electrically communicated with the opening and closing motor. Can carry out switching control to the switching motor, realize the seed manure mixture cycle that falls, further improve and the matching degree of speed of marcing, reach the design demand.

The switching motor of the present embodiment may be replaced by a manual method.

As a further improvement of the embodiment, the organic fertilizer inlet and the seed inlet are mutually independent openings. Make things convenient for both to communicate with fertilizer conveyor and seed conveyor respectively, realize independent transport between them, ensure to mix in proportion. Simultaneously, the axis direction slope of seed entry and cup sets up, is certain contained angle with the cup direction promptly for the seed is at the decline in-process, has certain buffering, can reduce the falling speed, makes it and fertilizer speed phase-match.

As the further improvement of this embodiment, the seed manure falls the mouth and is the slope setting with the cup direction, and keeps off the slope of material lid direction. As shown in figure 4, the seed manure falls the mouth and is the setting of contained angle alpha with the axis direction of cup, and this kind of setting has reduced and has kept off the material lid at closed rotatory angle, can guarantee to keep off the speed that the remaining seed manure mixture that covers obtained and can not too big to the influence that the throwing of seed manure mixture is to the cavitation has been reduced.

The size of the included angle α is not limited in this embodiment, and the value thereof can be selected according to actual needs.

As a further improvement of the embodiment, a fixing plate 12 for fixing with a seeder is arranged outside the cup body, and a fixing hole 13 is arranged on the fixing plate, as shown in figure 2, and a screw or a bolt penetrates through the fixing hole to be connected and fixed with the seeding machine.

As a further improvement of this embodiment, the edge of the material blocking cover is provided with the protrusion 14 all around, as shown in fig. 3, so that even if there is a gap between the material blocking cover and the seed fertilizer dropping opening in the closed state, no seed fertilizer mixture will leak out, the quality of the seed fertilizer mixture in the hole is ensured, the fertilizer is prevented from spilling out, and the waste is reduced.

Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention. .

Claims

1. Seed manure mixes seeder, its characterized in that: including cup, blanking regulator and hybrid control system, be provided with the little hybrid channel in the big centre in two in the cup, hybrid channel's upper end is provided with machine fertile entry and seed entry, hybrid channel's lower extreme is provided with kind fertile mouth that falls, the blanking regulator includes rotatable setting and keeps off the material lid and carry out rotary drive's switching motor to keeping off the material lid at kind fertile mouth that falls, hybrid control system is including setting up at the counting sensor of seed entry, setting at the switching solenoid valve of fertilizer entry and with the PLC controller of counting sensor and switching solenoid valve electric intercommunication, fertilizer entry and seed entry are mutually independent opening, just seed entry and cup axis direction slope set up.

2. The seed and fertilizer mixed seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cup with be provided with the axis of rotation between the fender material lid, be connected for rotating between axis of rotation and the cup, be fixed connection between axis of rotation and the fender material lid, the main shaft and the axis of rotation of switching motor are fixed.

3. The seed and fertilizer mixed seeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the PLC is electrically communicated with the opening and closing motor.

4. The seed and fertilizer mixed seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the seed manure falls the mouth and is the slope setting with the cup direction.

5. The seed and fertilizer mixed seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cup body is externally provided with a fixing plate for fixing with a seeder, and the fixing plate is provided with a fixing hole.

6. The seed and fertilizer mixed seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the edge of the material blocking cover is provided with bulges.