CN110655183B - Method for strengthening aerobic sludge granulation and decontamination performance by weak magnetic field - Google Patents
Method for strengthening aerobic sludge granulation and decontamination performance by weak magnetic field Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1236—Particular type of activated sludge installations
- C02F3/1263—Sequencing batch reactors [SBR]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
The invention provides a method for strengthening aerobic sludge granulation and decontamination performance by a weak magnetic field, which adopts a cylindrical Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) made of organic glass, takes artificially configured simulated domestic sewage wastewater as a water inlet source under the conditions of regular equal aeration, room temperature and short settling time, inoculates sludge into the reactor loaded with the weak magnetic field, operates the SBR reactor in an anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic (A/O/A) mode, and continuously cultures until the 41 th day, wherein each reactor cultures mature aerobic sludge granules with compact structures and regular shapes. The optimal intensity of the weak magnetic field is 10mT, so that the activity of functional bacteria can be enhanced, the growth of filamentous bacteria can be inhibited, and the granulation of aerobic sludge can be enhanced; can promote the synchronous nitrification and denitrification and the short-cut nitrification and denitrification of the aerobic granular sludge and strengthen the decontamination performance of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bioengineering and environmental engineering, and particularly relates to a method for strengthening aerobic sludge granulation and decontamination performance by a weak magnetic field.
Background
China has serious water pollution, the discharge amount of waste water is increased year by year along with the process of urbanization, and the urban sewage treatment is already a popular research field. The research technology and application of the aerobic granular sludge are the hot problems of the research of scholars at home and abroad, and the aerobic granular sludge has better treatment effect on domestic sewage due to the advantages of large biomass, stable structure, good settling property, impact load resistance, high sludge activity and the like. The weak magnet has higher magnetic field strength continuity and low operation cost, is a green new technology with sustainable development, and researches of scholars show that the magnetic field has physical, chemical and biological effects, can shorten the starting time of an aerobic granular sludge system, has obvious effect on sewage treatment and can enhance the biodegradation and decontamination performance, so that the application of the magnetic field to the treatment technology of the aerobic granular sludge has important significance, can reduce energy consumption while stabilizing decontamination and improve the nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency.
The existing aerobic granular sludge system has long starting time and slow granulation speed, and usually needs several months, and researches show that the aerobic granular sludge system has high requirement on the operation condition in the operation process, and granules are easy to expand and disintegrate due to the influence of the environment because the quality and the quantity of domestic sewage are changed greatly. In the face of these problems, the rate of granulation and the long-term stability of aerobic granular sludge are the limiting factors for the application of this technology.
Factors such as sludge characteristics, magnetic field intensity, water inlet substrates and temperature have different degrees of influence on the starting and treatment effects of the aerobic granular sludge system, so how to select and control the influencing factors to realize the quick starting and stable operation of the aerobic granular sludge system is a big difficulty and a hot spot.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for strengthening aerobic sludge granulation and decontamination performance by a weak magnetic field. According to the invention, the permanent magnet is bound outside the SBR reactor, the configuration of domestic sewage as a water inlet source is simulated in a laboratory, the aerobic granular sludge system is quickly started under natural conditions, specific bacteria are enriched in the operation process, and the structural stability and the decontamination performance of sludge are enhanced.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the problems in the prior art is as follows:
a method for strengthening aerobic sludge granulation and decontamination performance by a weak magnetic field is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, setting an SBR reactor
The Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) has four operation stages of water inlet, aeration, precipitation and water outlet, and operates in an anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic (A/O/A) mode, and operates for 4 periods every day, and operates for 6 hours every period, and the Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) operates for 2min of water inlet, 120min of anaerobic, 90min of aerobic, 128min of anoxic, 10min of sedimentation and 10min of water drainage.
The reactor includes cylindric main structure body, and the cylinder adopts the organic glass material to make, is equipped with mechanical agitator 3 in the cylinder, and the cylinder upper end is equipped with intake pump 1 outward, and the cylinder middle section is equipped with out water pump 4 outward, and the bottom is equipped with aerator 5 in the cylinder, and aerator 5 is connected with the outside air pump, by air valve control air input, the reactor outside is equipped with control panel 2, and each pump body and agitator all pass through the line connection with control panel, reactor outside symmetry ligature permanent magnet, the different quantity of permanent magnet loading in order to reach different magnetic field intensity, reactor height H is 300mm, and internal diameter D is 120mm, and height-diameter ratio (H/D) is 2.5, and effective volume is about 3L greatly.
The reactor is automatically controlled by a time program controller and a matched circuit, and a water inlet pump pumps the configured inlet water from the top end of the reactor and controls the water level by a liquid level meter; the aeration quantity in the aerobic section is 200 mL/min; fully contacting the sludge and the sewage by using a mechanical stirrer at the rotating speed of 200 r/min; the water outlet is controlled by an electromagnetic valve, and the water discharge amount in each period is one half of that of the whole device; an aerator at the central position of the bottom of the reactor is connected with an air pump to aerate the device and provide hydraulic shearing force; the culture temperature is 19-23 ℃.
The method comprises the steps of taking an influent water source as simulated domestic sewage configured in a laboratory, and artificially configuring an influent solution, wherein NaAc is taken as a carbon source of influent water, and NH4Cl as nitrogen source, KH2PO4Is a phosphorus source, and a certain amount of CaCl is added2And MgSO4·7H2O。
The volume of the water inlet source is 45L, so that the water inlet concentration keeps the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of about 230mg/L and the ammonia nitrogen content (NH)4 +-N) about 20mg/L, total phosphorus content (TP) about 3.5mg/L, and influent pH adjusted to about 7.5.
Inoculating a sewage treatment plant in a sand lake in a reactorFlocculent sludge, mixed liquor suspended solid concentration (MLSS) of about 5600mg/L, mixed liquor volatile suspended solid concentration (MLVSS) of about 3200mg/L, MLVSS/MLSS of about 0.57, Sludge Volume Index (SVI)30) About 127mL/g, low activity, more hydrophobic bacteria, black appearance, loose structure and poor settling property.
Step 4, carrying out aerobic sludge granulation by weak magnetic reinforcement
And in the early stage of culture, the settling time is reduced through continuous adjustment, the hydraulic selective pressure is increased, and the sludge with good settling performance is screened, so that granulation of the flocculent sludge is promoted. Under the same time, the magnetic field can promote the growth of specific microorganisms, is beneficial to the aggregation of the microorganisms in the aerobic sludge, and ensures that the grain diameter of aerobic sludge grains is larger, the structure is more compact and regular, and the settleability is better.
Step 5, strengthening the decontamination performance of the aerobic granular sludge system by weak magnetism
After the system stably operates, water quality monitoring and microbial population structure analysis are carried out, and the decontamination performance of the aerobic granular sludge system is also obviously improved by the magnetic field.
The optimal intensity of the weak magnetic field adopted by the invention is 10mT, which can enhance the activity of functional bacteria, inhibit the growth of filamentous bacteria and strengthen the granulation of aerobic sludge; can promote the synchronous nitrification and denitrification and the short-cut nitrification and denitrification of the aerobic granular sludge and strengthen the decontamination performance of the system. The settling time is 2min, the aeration rate is 200mL/min, and the water discharge ratio of the reactor is 50%.
The method of the invention can treat domestic sewage with high efficiency and low consumption, the permanent magnet can be reused, and the discharged excess sludge can also be made into biological organic fertilizer, building material, methane production and the like.
The invention has the following advantages:
the invention adopts a cylindrical Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) and is additionally provided with a permanent magnet, and aerobic sludge particles are quickly obtained and the denitrification and dephosphorization effects are enhanced by inoculating flocculent sludge and taking simulated domestic sewage with sodium acetate as a carbon source as a water inlet source. Under natural conditions, the SBR reactor operated in an anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic (a/O/a) mode can obtain mature and stable aerobic sludge granules at 41 d. The invention shortens the culture time of aerobic sludge granules and enhances the stability thereof by loading the weak magnetic field; the weak magnetic field is also beneficial to synchronous nitrification and denitrification and short-range nitrification and denitrification, and the denitrification and dephosphorization effect is further enhanced. The loading and utilization of the weak magnetic field provide a new idea for the quick start, stable operation and enhanced decontamination performance of the aerobic granular sludge system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an SBR reaction apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view obtained by monitoring the form of seed sludge by an optical microscope;
FIG. 3 is a view of the morphology of mature aerobic granular sludge monitored by an optical microscope;
FIG. 4 is a view obtained by monitoring the shape of mature aerobic granular sludge under a magnetic field of 10mT by using a scanning electron microscope;
wherein: 1-water inlet pump, 2-control panel, 3-mechanical stirrer, 4-water outlet pump, 5-aerator, 6-air valve, and 7-permanent magnet.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings:
a method for strengthening aerobic sludge granulation and decontamination performance by a weak magnetic field comprises the following steps:
step 1, setting an SBR reactor
The Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) has four operation stages of water inlet, aeration, precipitation and water outlet, the invention adopts an anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic (A/O/A) mode to operate, 4 periods of operation are carried out every day, 6 hours of operation are carried out every period, water inlet is carried out for 2min, anaerobic treatment is carried out for 120min, aerobic treatment is carried out for 90min, anoxic treatment is carried out for 128min, sedimentation is carried out for 10min, and water drainage is carried out for 10 min.
The reaction device is made of organic glass and is cylindrical, permanent magnets are symmetrically bound on the outer side of the reaction device, and different quantities of permanent magnets are loaded to achieve different magnetic field strengths. The height H of the reactor was 300mm, the inner diameter D was 120mm, the height/diameter ratio (H/D) was 2.5, and the effective volume was about 3L. The reactor is automatically controlled by a time program controller and a matched circuit. The water inlet pump pumps the prepared inlet water from the top end of the reactor, and the water level is controlled by the liquid level meter; the aeration quantity in the aerobic section is 200 mL/min; fully contacting the sludge and the sewage by using a precise stirring instrument at the rotating speed of 200 r/min; the water outlet is controlled by an electromagnetic valve, and the water discharge amount in each period is one half of that of the whole device; the central position of the bottom of the reactor is provided with an aeration head which is connected with an air pump to aerate the device and provide hydraulic shearing force; the culture temperature is 19-23 ℃.
The method comprises the steps of taking an influent water source as simulated domestic sewage configured in a laboratory, and artificially configuring an influent solution, wherein NaAc is taken as a carbon source of influent water, and NH4Cl as nitrogen source, KH2PO4Is a phosphorus source, and a certain amount of CaCl is added2And MgSO4·7H2And O. The inlet water volume is 45L, so that the inlet water concentration keeps the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) about 230mg/L and the ammonia nitrogen content (NH)4 +-N) about 20mg/L, total phosphorus content (TP) about 3.5mg/L, and influent pH adjusted to about 7.5.
Flocculent sludge of a sewage treatment plant in a sand lake is inoculated in the reactor, the concentration of Mixed Liquor Suspended Solid (MLSS) is about 5600mg/L, the concentration of Mixed Liquor Volatile Suspended Solid (MLVSS) is about 3200mg/L, the concentration of MLVSS/MLSS is about 0.57, and the volume index of Sludge (SVI)30) About 127 mL/g. The activity is low, the composite material contains more hydrophobic bacteria, the appearance color is black, the structure is loose, and the sedimentation performance is poor.
Step 4, carrying out aerobic sludge granulation by weak magnetic reinforcement
And in the early stage of culture, the settling time is reduced through continuous adjustment, the hydraulic selective pressure is increased, and the sludge with good settling performance is screened, so that granulation of the flocculent sludge is promoted. And adjusting the settling time after mature aerobic sludge particles are obtained, and promoting the continuous growth and maturation of the granular sludge. The shape and size of the aerobic granular sludge are observed by an optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope, and the specific particle size distribution is detected and analyzed by a Mastersizer 2000 laser particle sizer produced by British Malvern.
Aerobic sludge granules under different magnetic field strengths are cultured and matured about 41d, and the granulation time of the traditional aerobic sludge is shortened. And then adjusting and increasing the settling time to promote the granular sludge to grow and mature continuously. The magnetic field can promote the growth of specific microorganisms, secrete a large amount of Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS), contribute to the aggregation of microorganisms in the aerobic sludge and promote the granulation of the sludge. Under the same time, the aerobic sludge particles loaded with the weak magnetic field have larger particle size and more compact and regular structure, and the settleability is improved compared with seed sludge. As shown in FIG. 4, a large number of filamentous bacteria can be observed on the surface of the granule, and the filamentous bacteria wrap microbes such as cocci, bacilli and the like together, so that the coagulation of the granular sludge microbes is promoted, and the granular sludge structure is more stable.
As can be seen from the analysis of single sample diversity (Alpha diversity), the abundance and diversity of microorganisms in mature aerobic granular sludge system is reduced, as shown in table 1. The magnetic field inhibits the growth of filamentous bacteria Chloroflexia (Chlorophyta) which is liable to cause sludge bulking; promote the large-scale enrichment of Candidatus _ Cometibacter, secrete special colloidal extracellular EPS and promote the granulation of sludge.
TABLE 1 microbial Alpha diversity index Table
Step 5, strengthening the decontamination performance of the aerobic granular sludge system by weak magnetism
After the system is stably operated, water quality monitoring and microbial population structure analysis are carried out.
The detection method of the Water quality index is based on the Standard Methods of the two books of Water and Wastewater monitoring and analyzing method (fourth edition) compiled by the State environmental protection administration and Standard Methods for the administration of Water and Water (nineteenth edition) written by the American society for public health. The detection and analysis method of each water quality index is shown in Table 2. And collecting aerobic granular sludge samples in each stage for high-throughput sequencing, and analyzing the microbial population structure in the granular sludge. Sequencing was performed by Mergiz biomedical science and technology, Inc. in Shanghai by PCR amplification and pyrosequencing using 338F (5'-ACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCA-3') and 806R (5 '-GGACTACHVGGGTWTCTAAT-3') as primers using Miseq platform analysis.
TABLE 2 Water quality index detection method TABLE
Experiments conducted based on the present invention show that:
the COD removal rate is high, and the influence of different magnetic field strengths on the COD removal effect during stabilization is small. The COD concentration of the inlet water is about 230mg/L, the concentration of the outlet water is basically stabilized below 25mg/L, and the removal rate is maintained at about 95 percent. The 10mT is beneficial to the aggregation of glycan bacteria GAOs, plays an important role in degrading organic substances in a reaction system and is also a reason for higher COD removal efficiency.
Higher magnetic field intensity has certain promotion effect to getting rid of TP earlier stage of miniaturation, and TP gets rid of effectually and different magnetic field intensity are less to the effect influence of getting rid of TP after the system is stable. The concentration of inlet water TP is about 3.5mg/L, the average outlet water concentration of TP of 0mT, 10mT, 20mT and 40mT systems in the pre-granulation period is 0.43, 0.56, 0.23 and 0.26mg/L respectively, the removal rate is 88.7%, 86.7%, 93.4% and 93.9% respectively, the magnetic field promotes the phosphorus accumulating bacteria PAOs to greatly increase in continuous operation, the phosphorus removal effect is improved, therefore, the outlet water concentration is basically stabilized at 0.24mg/L after the system is stabilized, and the removal rate is maintained at 93.5%.
NH in systems with magnetic field in the late stage of granulation+4NH after-N removal effect fluctuation is large and system is stable+4good-N removal effect and different magnetic field intensity pairs NH+4The effect of removal of-N is less influential. The aerobic sludge has larger grain diameter under the action of a magnetic field, so dissolved oxygen is difficult to enter, the nitrification has larger influence, the removal rate fluctuates, but ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nitrous acid in the granular sludgeAbundant enrichment of salt-oxidizing bacteria, NH+ 4The removal effect of-N continues to become better. NH of feed water+ 4The concentration of N is 20mg/L, the removal effect is efficient and stable after the system is stable, the average effluent concentration is lower than 0.3mg/L, and the removal rate reaches more than 98%.
Magnetic field to NO-3The removal effect of-N is significantly accelerated and the effect of 10mT is most significant. Stable NO in 10mT system-3The average concentration of effluent of N is about 0.15mg/L, and the average concentration of effluent of 0mT, 20mT and 40mT systems is 3.39, 2.46 and 2.02 mg/L. The loading of the magnetic field has certain promotion effect on the growth and activity of denitrifying bacteria, and the promotion effect of the magnetic field on granulation increases the particle size of the granules, so that oxygen is influenced by mass transfer resistance, the range of anaerobic zones in the granules is larger, the denitrifying effect is stronger, and NO is generated-3-N is reduced to NO-2-N, further reduced to N2And (5) removing. Although the relative contents of ammonia oxidizing bacteria, nitrite oxidizing bacteria and denitrifying bacteria in the system with the magnetic field are slightly lower than those of the system without the magnetic field, the activity of the denitrifying functional microorganisms is higher, so the nitrification and denitrification of the reactor are still good.
The influence of the magnetic field on the population of the aerobic granular sludge is large, the magnetic field of 10mT can promote the growth of microorganisms, so that organic substances are increased, but the magnetic field intensity is too strong, and the inhibition effect can be achieved to a certain degree. The Candidatus _ Competobacter (competitive Candida) in the granular sludge under the magnetic field of 10mT is greatly increased, the content is 73.18 percent, the magnetic field of 10mT also promotes the mass propagation of Proteobacteria (Proteobacteria), the percentage is increased from 23.09 percent to 81.37 percent, and the two bacteria have close relation with the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus removal; meanwhile, the magnetic field promotes the enrichment of aerobic denitrifying bacteria Pseudomonas, which is beneficial to synchronous nitrification and denitrification; inhibit the growth of Nitrospira and contribute to the short-cut nitrification and denitrification, thereby maintaining the high-efficiency and stable denitrification and dephosphorization effect of an aerobic granular sludge system.
The relative contents of glycan bacteria (GAOs), Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria (AOBs), Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria (NOBs), denitrifying bacteria (DNBs), and phosphorus accumulating bacteria (PAOs) typical at the genus level are listed in table 3.
TABLE 3 functional microorganism watch
The method of the invention can treat domestic sewage with high efficiency and low consumption, the permanent magnet can be reused, and the discharged excess sludge can also be made into biological organic fertilizer, building material, methane production and the like.
The protective scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is apparent that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. It is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A method for strengthening aerobic sludge granulation and decontamination performance by a weak magnetic field is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, setting an SBR reactor:
the sequencing batch reactor has four operation stages of water inlet, aeration, precipitation and water outlet, and operates in an anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic mode for 4 periods every day and for 6 hours every period;
step 2, preparing a water inlet source:
the method comprises the steps of taking an influent water source as simulated domestic sewage configured in a laboratory, and artificially configuring an influent solution, wherein NaAc is taken as a carbon source of influent water, and NH4Cl as nitrogen source, KH2PO4Is a phosphorus source, and a certain amount of CaCl is added2And MgSO4·7H2O；
In the step 2, the volume of a water source of inlet water is 45L, so that the concentration of the inlet water is kept at 230mg/L, the content of ammonia nitrogen is 20mg/L, the content of total phosphorus is 3.5mg/L, and the pH value of the inlet water is adjusted to 7.5;
step 3, inoculating flocculent sludge:
inoculating flocculent sludge of a sewage treatment plant in a reactor;
step 4, weak magnetic reinforcement aerobic sludge granulation:
in the early stage of culture, the sedimentation time is reduced by continuous adjustment, the hydraulic selection pressure is increased, and the sludge with good sedimentation performance is screened to promote granulation of the flocculent sludge; the optimal intensity of the weak magnetic field is 10 mT;
step 5, strengthening the decontamination performance of the aerobic granular sludge system by weak magnetism;
after the system is stably operated, water quality monitoring and microbial population structure analysis are carried out.
2. The method for strengthening aerobic sludge granulation and decontamination performance by the weak magnetic field as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 1, the running time of each phase in each period is allocated as follows: feeding water for 2min, anaerobic treating for 120min, aerobic treating for 90min, anoxic treating for 128min, settling for 10min, and draining for 10 min.
3. The method for strengthening aerobic sludge granulation and decontamination performance by the weak magnetic field as claimed in claim 1, wherein: step 1 well reactor includes cylindric main structure body, and the cylinder adopts the organic glass material to make, is equipped with mechanical agitator in the cylinder, is equipped with the intake pump outside the cylinder upper end, is equipped with out the water pump outside the cylinder middle section, and the bottom is equipped with the aerator in the cylinder, and the aerator is connected with outside air pump, by air valve control air input, the reactor outside is equipped with control panel, and each pump body and agitator all pass through the line connection with control panel, reactor outside symmetry ligature permanent magnet, the different quantity of permanent magnet loading in order to reach different magnetic field intensity, and reactor height H is 300mm, and internal diameter D is 120 mm.
4. The method for strengthening aerobic sludge granulation and decontamination performance by the weak magnetic field as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the reactor is automatically controlled by a time program controller and a matched circuit, and a water inlet pump pumps the configured inlet water from the top end of the reactor and controls the water level by a liquid level meter; the aeration quantity in the aerobic section is 200 mL/min; fully contacting the sludge and the sewage by using a mechanical stirrer at the rotating speed of 200 r/min; the water outlet is controlled by an electromagnetic valve, and the water discharge amount in each period is one half of that of the whole device; the aerator at the central position of the bottom of the reactor is connected with the air pump to aerate the device and provide hydraulic shearing force.
5. The method for strengthening aerobic sludge granulation and decontamination performance by the weak magnetic field as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the culture temperature in the reactor in the step 1 is 19-23 ℃.
6. The method for strengthening aerobic sludge granulation and decontamination performance by the weak magnetic field as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 3, the concentration of the mixed liquid suspended solid of the flocculent sludge is 5600mg/L, the concentration of the mixed liquid volatile suspended solid is 3200mg/L, and the sludge volume index is 127 mL/g.
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