CN110651885A - Protein powder preparation method based on water-washing degreasing superfine grinding rice residue - Google Patents
Protein powder preparation method based on water-washing degreasing superfine grinding rice residue Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J1/00—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites
- A23J1/006—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from vegetable materials
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J1/00—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites
- A23J1/12—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from cereals, wheat, bran, or molasses
- A23J1/125—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from cereals, wheat, bran, or molasses by treatment involving enzymes or microorganisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J3/00—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs
- A23J3/14—Vegetable proteins
Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing protein powder based on water-washing defatted rice residue, belonging to the technical field of protein powder preparation methods. The invention adopts emulsifier wet degreasing, and washes off 7.5-8% of fat in the rice residue. Adding cellulase for enzymolysis, washing and separating, and washing off 3.0-5.5% of carbohydrate sugars in the rice residue; 4-7% of fiber and ash. The rice residue protein liquid is hydrolyzed and washed by an enzyme method after being degreased by an emulsification wet method, so that the protein content is improved. The washed rice residue protein liquid is ground into a particle size of more than or equal to 800 meshes by a physical damp-heat crushing method, and then is subjected to mild enzymolysis by adopting secondary protease, so that the problem that gluten and alcohol protein in the rice protein are insoluble in water is solved. The direct steam is used for carrying out enzyme deactivation and sterilization on the enzymolysis liquid, and then the flash evaporation deodorization technology is used for solving the problems of difficult sterilization and protein peculiar smell after enzymolysis. The quality problem of Maillard appearing in the drying of rice protein powder by the traditional and conventional air flow drying method is solved by applying the drying technology of upper air exhaust.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for preparing protein powder based on water-washed defatted rice residue, and belongs to the technical field of protein powder preparation methods.
Background
The rice produced about 55% of whole rice, 15% of broken rice, 10% of rice bran and 20% of chaff during processing. However, the selling price and the comprehensive utilization level of broken rice and rice bran are not high all the time, in order to improve the added value of the broken rice, a plurality of enterprises produce rice starch sugar by using the broken rice, and 1t of rice residue protein is produced every 7t of the broken rice consumed in the production of the rice starch sugar, so the rice residue protein resource is considerable. The protein content in the residue is as high as 55-65%, the residue belongs to high-quality cereal protein, has good amino acid composition, contains eight amino acids essential to human body, and is a superior raw material for extracting rice protein. Therefore, the residue can be used as a high-quality resource for extracting the rice protein.
The feed is mostly used as feed in the past, and the industrial added value is low. However, because the protein in the rice residue is subjected to high-temperature treatment, the protein structure is highly crosslinked, the protein denaturation is serious, the extraction difficulty is high, the rice residue protein extracted by the traditional extraction method has low protein purity and low extraction rate, and the aim of comprehensively utilizing the rice residue protein is not achieved.
At present, most of methods for preparing rice residue protein are alkaline leaching methods. The rice residue protein prepared by the alkaline method has lower purity and extraction rate, the alkaline soluble protein accounting for more than 80% of the total protein in the protein is extracted by the alkaline method, but strong alkali can cause the condensation of amino acid to generate toxic substances and generate bitter and strange taste; meanwhile, a large amount of waste water and harmful substances generated in the production process of the alkaline method are difficult to treat, and the environmental pollution is serious.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and further provides a method for preparing protein powder based on water washing degreasing superfine grinding rice residues.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of protein powder based on water-washing degreased rice residues comprises the following steps of firstly, crushing and screening the rice residues to achieve the granularity of more than or equal to D90, feeding, dissolving in water, and heating to 55-65 ℃; the material-water ratio is 1: 5-8, shearing and tempering; the pH value is 7.5-9.5; and (4) carrying out cyclic tempering for 8-15 min.
Adding an emulsifier into the rice residue water solution, wherein the using amount of the emulsifier is 2-5% of the mass of the rice residue raw material, washing and degreasing are carried out, the emulsification reaction time is 20-30 min, three centrifuges are used for degreasing and separation, the separated solid-phase concentrated protein milk is washed once, the material-water ratio is 1: 6-9, the washing temperature is 65-75 ℃, the stirring speed is 35-45 y/min, the time is 15-20 min, the separation is carried out by a primary washing two-phase centrifuge after stirring, the separated solid-phase concentrated protein milk is washed twice, the washing temperature is 75-95 ℃, the water-material ratio equal to that of the primary washing, the stirring speed and the stirring time are equal, and then the secondary washing two-phase centrifugal separation is carried out; the emulsifier is soybean lecithin PC + PE.
Thirdly, carrying out primary enzymolysis on the separated concentrated protein milk, adding cellulase, wherein the enzyme amount is 0.3-0.5% of that of the dry base material, and washing with water to remove sugar and ash; adding water into the protein milk, wherein the ratio of the water to the feed is 1: 6.5-8.5, mixing, wherein the pH value is 7.5-9.5, the stirring speed is 25-45 y/min, the reaction temperature is 55 ℃, and the reaction time is 30 min.
Performing solid-liquid centrifugal separation on the rice residue protease hydrolysate at high rotation speed of a centrifugal machine, subjecting the separated protein concentrated solution to a water washing process, adding the same amount of the primary protease hydrolysate in a material-water ratio, temperature, stirring, diluting, pumping the water washing solution into a primary water washing separator, performing washing separation, performing centrifugal separation, and discarding supernatant.
And (3) feeding the solid-phase protein concentrated material subjected to primary washing separation into a secondary washing tank, adding water for dilution, stirring, carrying out secondary washing, pumping the washing liquid into a secondary washing separator by using a pump, and carrying out secondary washing separation, wherein the material-water ratio, the temperature and the stirring of the secondary washing and the primary washing are the same.
Washing the solid-phase protein material obtained by secondary washing and centrifugation with water for three times, adding the solid-phase protein material into a water washing tank for three times with the same amount of water as the secondary washing, diluting, stirring, washing with water for three times, pumping the washing liquid into a water washing separator for three times, washing and separating for three times, discarding the separated supernatant, feeding the protein liquid obtained by centrifugation into a dilution tank, adding the protein liquid diluted with water to reach the technological requirement concentration, and performing conditioning and grinding in the next procedure; the concentration of the protein liquid diluted by adding water to reach the technological requirement is that water with the volume five times that of the protein liquid is added into the protein liquid.
Step four, homogenizing and grinding: adjusting the pH value of the protein liquid to 6.8-7.4, and cooling to 45-50 ℃. Homogenizing the tempered protein liquid by a high-pressure homogenizer of 80-120 Mp, and then carrying out superfine grinding and filtering to obtain the protein liquid with the particle size of more than or equal to 1800 meshes.
Step five, secondary enzymolysis: adding protease into the protein solution to perform mild enzymolysis reaction;
firstly, heating the rice residue protein liquid to 85-95 ℃ for sterilization, keeping the sterilization time for 10-15 min, then cooling the protein liquid to 55-60 ℃, correcting the PH value to 7.0-7.4, adding alkaline protease, wherein the addition amount of the alkaline protease is 0.5-1.5% of the dry matter of the protein liquid, adding neutral protease, the addition amount of the neutral protease is 0.3-0.6% of the dry matter of the protein liquid, stirring, and adding the neutral protease for carrying out the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction, wherein the DH value of the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction is 10-15% when the alkaline protein reacts for 25-35 min.
And step six, sterilization and flash evaporation, namely pumping the protein liquid into a sterilization pipeline, spraying clean steam into the material sterilization pipe by using a steam sprayer to mix and sterilize with the hydrolysate, and then entering a flash tank to pull vacuum for flash evaporation and deodorization.
And mixing the steam with the protein liquid at the temperature of 115-155 ℃, sterilizing for 7-21S, and performing flash evaporation, gasification and vacuum-pumping to obtain a negative value of 0.08MPa to achieve sterilization and deodorization.
Step seven, concentration and drying: the concentration solid content of the protein liquid after sterilization and deodorization is 10.8-12%, in order to improve the concentration of the protein liquid, the concentration of the protein liquid is subjected to vacuum concentration, so that rice protein concentrated solution with the solid content of 20-25% which is more than 2 times that of the rice protein concentrated solution before concentration is obtained, and the concentrated solution is pressed into a spray drying tower with upper air exhaust by a pressure pump to be sprayed, so that the milk white protein powder is obtained.
The protein extracted by two enzymatic hydrolysis methods has high purity, more water-soluble protein can be extracted, and the water-soluble small molecule active peptide and free amino acid can be degraded and modified by the glutelin and the alcohol soluble protein, so that the biological function and the biological nutritive value of the rice protein can not be damaged, and the digestion and the absorption of a human body can be improved and promoted.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. and (3) degreasing by adopting an emulsifier wet method, and washing off 7.5-8% of fat in the rice residue. Adding cellulase for enzymolysis, washing and separating, and washing off 3.0-5.5% of carbohydrate sugars in the rice residue; 4-7% of fiber and ash.
The problem that the content of the rice protein is less than or equal to 80 percent is solved by degreasing by an emulsification wet method and hydrolyzing and washing the rice residue protein liquid by an enzyme method, and the content of the rice protein prepared by the invention exceeds 90 percent.
2. The washed rice residue protein liquid is ground into a particle size of more than or equal to 800 meshes by a physical damp-heat crushing method, and then secondary protease is adopted for mild enzymolysis, so that the problem that gluten and alcohol protein in the rice protein are insoluble in water is solved.
3. The direct steam is used for carrying out enzyme deactivation and sterilization on the enzymolysis liquid, and then the flash evaporation deodorization technology is used for solving the problems of difficult sterilization and protein peculiar smell after enzymolysis.
4. The quality problem of Maillard appearing in the drying of rice protein powder by the traditional and conventional air flow drying method is solved by applying the drying technology of upper air exhaust.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below: the present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation is given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The method comprises the following process steps of carrying out homogeneous grinding, protease adding and mild enzymolysis, sterilization and deodorization, vacuum concentration and spray drying on the degreased and desugared rice residue protein slurry to obtain soluble protein powder. The method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, crushing and screening the rice residues to achieve that D90 is larger than or equal to 120-160 meshes in particle size. Feeding, dissolving in water, wherein the temperature of the water is 55-65 ℃; the material-water ratio is 1: 5-8, shearing and tempering; the pH value is 7.5-9.5; and (4) carrying out cyclic tempering for 8-15 min.
(1) The first step is to shear and homogenize the rice residue protein powder by a wet method to reduce the particle size of the particles, so that the coated particles can be released easily through fat, ash and carbohydrate in the grid.
(2) The principle of the method is as follows: the pH of protein in the protein solution is adjusted through alkali dissolution, the molecules of the protein are swelled through chelation of metal ions and the protein, a peptide chain is stretched, impurities are released from a compact net structure, the contact area with the external environment is increased, the path is shortened, and the water solubility of the fat can be improved through alkali liquor saponification. The action effect of measures taken on impurities, ash, fat and carbohydrate in the subsequent process can be improved.
And step two, adding an emulsifier, namely soybean lecithin PC and PE, into the rice and rice residue water solution, wherein the addition amount of the emulsifier is 2-5% of the mass of the rice and rice residue raw material, washing and degreasing, carrying out an emulsification reaction for 20-30 min, and carrying out degreasing and separation by using three centrifuges (phase cleaning, liquid phase and solid phase). And (3) carrying out primary water washing on the separated solid-phase concentrated protein milk, wherein the material-water ratio is 1: 6-9, the water washing temperature is 65-75 ℃, the stirring speed is 35-45 y/min, and the time is 15-20 min, and carrying out primary water washing two-phase centrifuge separation after stirring. And (3) carrying out secondary washing on the separated solid-phase concentrated protein milk, wherein the washing temperature is 95-105 ℃, the water-material ratio, the stirring speed and the stirring time are equal to those of the primary washing, and then carrying out secondary washing and two-phase centrifugal separation.
(1) The second purpose is that: and (3) degreasing the protein residue liquid by adding an emulsifier.
(2) The emulsion with strong hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity is selected from soybean lecithin (PC + PE), and esters of the soybean lecithin and edible fatty acid. An emulsifier which takes-OH group of phospholipid as hydrophilic group and carbon chain part of fatty acid as lipophilic group. Because the two active substances with a fixed proportion can form a bimolecular film, a w/O, O/w type emulsion can be obtained, and the fat in the rice residue protein liquid is separated out by utilizing the OH hydrophilic group and the lipophilic group of fatty acid, so that the protein is separated from the fat. Emulsifying and demulsifying by using an emulsifier, and then washing and separating by using water to achieve the purpose of degreasing.
(3) The step adopts the addition of an emulsifier for primary demulsification. Heating the protein liquid after primary demulsification and secondary demulsification.
And step three, carrying out primary enzymolysis on the separated concentrated protein milk, adding cellulase, wherein the enzyme amount is 0.3-5% of that of the dry base material, and eluting sugar and ash with water. Adding water into the protein milk, wherein the ratio of the water to the feed is 1: 6.5-8.5, the pH value is 7.5-9.5, the stirring speed is 25-45ypm/min, the reaction temperature is 55 ℃, and the reaction time is 30 min.
Performing solid-liquid centrifugal separation on the rice residue enzymolysis liquid at a high rotation speed (3600rpm) of a centrifugal machine. And (3) the separated protein concentrated solution enters a water washing process, the material-water ratio, the temperature, the stirring and the dilution which are equal to those of the primary enzymolysis solution are added, and then the water washing solution is injected into a primary water washing separator for washing and separation. Centrifuging, removing supernatant,
and (3) feeding the solid-phase protein concentrated material subjected to primary water washing separation into a secondary water washing tank, adding water for dilution, stirring, performing secondary water washing, pumping the washing liquid into a secondary water washing separator by using a pump, and performing secondary water washing separation. The material-water ratio, the temperature and the stirring of the secondary water washing and the primary water washing are the same.
And (3) washing the solid-phase protein material obtained by secondary washing and centrifugation with tertiary water, adding water with the same amount as that of the secondary washing into a tertiary water washing tank, diluting, stirring, washing for the third time, pumping the washing liquid into a tertiary water washing separator by using a pump, and washing and separating for the third time. Discarding the separated supernatant, centrifuging to obtain protein solution, adding water 5 times the volume of the protein solution into the protein solution, and performing conditioning and grinding in the next process.
(1) Step three, purpose: the oil and protein in the oil material cell are released by feeding the rice residue protein solution into an enzymolysis reaction tank to obtain an enzymolysis protein solution. Washing and separating to remove impurities, ash, fat and carbohydrate in the rice residue protein solution.
(2) Principle of the method
The enzymolysis is to carry out enzymolysis on the rice residue protein liquid and degrade cell walls by adopting cell wall degrading enzymes. The reaction is carried out under the condition of certain water-material ratio, temperature, reaction time and other key elements, the macromolecular dextrin can be hydrolyzed into oligosaccharide, the combination effect with protein is weakened, and the viscosity of the feed liquid is reduced. And then washing and separating by a high-speed centrifuge, wherein the separation and washing function is to remove non-protein impurities in the material, obtain the rice residue protein enzymolysis material and improve the purity of the rice residue protein.
Step four, homogenizing and grinding: adjusting the pH value of the protein liquid to 6.8-7.4, and cooling to 45-50 ℃. Homogenizing the tempered protein liquid by a high-pressure homogenizer of 80-120 Mp, and then carrying out superfine grinding and filtering to obtain the protein liquid with the particle size of more than or equal to 1800 meshes.
(1) The purpose of the step four is as follows: and (3) carrying out superfine grinding and filtering on the tempered protein liquid by a two-stage colloid mill, and then carrying out two-stage high-pressure homogenization to realize the granularity of the protein liquid required by the process.
(2) Principle of homogeneous milling: the liquid phase superfine grinding has fine clearance and generates strong shearing, friction and extrusion force between the moving and fixed cutting edges rotating at high speed, and can generate strong destructive force on materials; the superfine grinding high-strength acting force can damage the structure of the non-protein particles and cut off the connection of the non-protein particles, and simultaneously can possibly influence the crystalline state of the non-protein particles, form a crystal loose region and intergranular cracks and strengthen the crushing effect.
(3) Advantages of liquid phase milling
The fiber can fully absorb water, stretch and expand in a wet state, the tissue structure is relatively loose, soft and crisp, and the fiber is easier to break than the fiber in a dry state, and the fiber is helpful for obtaining fine particles by utilizing wet expansion and dry shrinkage.
And the existence of water in the grinding process is not only beneficial to conveying materials and improving the feeding property, but also can cool the system and avoid overheating of the materials.
And thirdly, high-speed grinding, namely, performing ultramicro treatment on the material particles obtained by high-pressure homogenizing the liquid of the rice protein residues.
Step five, secondary enzymolysis: and adding enzyme protease into the protein solution to perform mild enzymolysis reaction.
Firstly, heating rice residue protein liquid to 85-95 ℃ for sterilization, keeping the sterilization time for 10-15 min, then cooling the protein liquid to 55-60 ℃, adjusting the pH value to be not less than 7.0-7.4, then selecting special protease of Jenenaceae, exoprotease (AP) (the addition is 0.5-1.5% of the dry matter of the protein liquid), incision enzyme (PNL) (the addition is 0.3-0.6% of the dry matter of the protein liquid) for stirring, and adding modified protease (51FP) for carrying out enzymolysis on the DH value (10-15%) when the protein reacts for 25-35 min. (in the enzymolysis process, the hydrolysis degree DH is used as an index, an enzyme preparation is accurately and directionally selected, the dosage is E/S, the hydrolysis reaction temperature is stabilized, the action time is accurate, and the substrate concentration is controlled).
(1) The fifth purpose is that: the enzymolysis method is to enzymolyze water insoluble gluten into soluble protein.
(2) The enzymolysis principle is as follows: the protein liquid cuts partial macromolecular protein into small molecular protein under the action of protease. The protein liquid of the ground micro-rice grains with the molecular weight of more than or equal to 12000Da to 10000Da is subjected to enzymolysis, and the molecular weight of the protein liquid is more than 50 percent.
(3) The method comprises the following steps of; the enzyme is slightly enzymolyzed. Not only cutting macromolecular protein into small molecules, but also controlling the hydrolysis degree to be less than or equal to 10-15% of DH value, and avoiding bitter peptides. In the enzymolysis process, the hydrolysis degree DH is used as an index, an enzyme preparation is accurately and directionally selected, the dosage is E/S, the hydrolysis reaction temperature is stabilized, the action time is accurate, and the substrate concentration is controlled.
And step six, injecting the protein liquid into a sterilization pipeline by sterilization flash evaporation, then injecting clean steam into the material sterilization pipe by using a steam injector to mix and sterilize with the hydrolysate, and then entering a flash evaporation tank to pull vacuum for flash evaporation and deodorization.
(1) Step six is as follows: spraying high-pressure steam into the protein solution for instantaneous ultrahigh-temperature treatment to achieve the purpose of enzyme deactivation and sterilization.
(2) The principle of the method is as follows: mixing the steam with the protein solution, and sterilizing by flash evaporation, gasification and vacuum pumping.
And mixing the steam with the protein liquid at the temperature of 115-155 ℃, sterilizing for 7-21S, and performing flash evaporation, gasification and vacuum-pumping to obtain a negative value of 0.08MPa to achieve sterilization and deodorization. The total number of bacterial colonies (per gram) of the final product is less than or equal to 1000-1500.
Step seven, concentration and drying: the concentration solid content of the sterilized and deodorized protein liquid is 10.8-12%, and in order to improve the concentration of the protein liquid, the protein liquid is subjected to vacuum concentration to obtain a rice protein concentrated solution with the solid content of 20-25% which is more than two times that of the rice protein concentrated solution before concentration. The concentrated solution is pressed into an upper air exhaust wide energy-saving pressure spray drying unit by a pressure pump to obtain milk white protein powder by 'spraying'. (the patent number of the upper air-exhaust wide energy-saving pressure spray drying unit used in the method in the step is ZL201821832504X, and the publication date is 2019, 6 and 21 days)
The upper air exhaust wide energy-saving pressure spray drying unit has the characteristics that:
(1) the spray gun adopts the structural design of four spray guns, and the fog drops sprayed by the spray guns collide with each other and are polymerized into hollow large particles, so that the instant solubility of the protein powder is improved.
(2) The high-pressure spraying at 18-20 MPa is adopted, the materials are fully atomized and fully contacted with hot air, the heating area is increased, the heat efficiency is improved, and the product is dried instantly.
(3) The air distribution device adopts a plurality of adjustable air ducts, so that the air flow entering the tower is ensured to be vertical and downward, and no bias flow or vortex flow exists. Thus, the wall hanging of dust is reduced to the maximum extent.
(4) The fine powder of the cyclone and bag type dust collector returns to the tower from the top of the tower again to be agglomerated into larger particles, thereby improving the solubility of the bean powder. And simultaneously protects the environment.
(5) The powder in the tower body enters the vibrating fluidized bed from the bottom opening of the cone section, and is subjected to secondary drying, granulation and cooling. Improves the product quality and the solubility.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and these embodiments are based on different implementations of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (3)
1. A preparation method of protein powder based on water-washing defatted rice residue is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, crushing and screening rice residues to achieve the granularity of more than or equal to D90, and feeding the rice residues with water to dissolve, wherein the temperature of the water is 55-65 ℃; the material-water ratio is 1: 5-8, shearing and tempering; the pH value is 7.5-9.5; the cyclic tempering time is 8-15 min;
and step two, adding an emulsifier into the rice residue water solution, wherein the using amount of the emulsifier is 2-5% of the mass of the rice residue raw material, washing and degreasing, carrying out an emulsion reaction for 20-30 min, carrying out degreasing and separation by using a three-item centrifuge, carrying out primary washing on the separated solid-phase concentrated protein emulsion, and carrying out material-water ratio of 1: 6-9 ℃, the water washing temperature is 65-75 ℃, the stirring speed is 35-45 y/min, the stirring time is 15-20 min, the two-phase centrifuge separation is carried out by primary water washing after stirring, the separated solid phase concentrated protein milk is subjected to secondary water washing, the water washing temperature is 75-95 ℃, the water-material ratio, the stirring speed and the stirring time are equal to those of the primary water washing, and then the two-phase centrifuge separation is carried out by secondary water washing;
thirdly, carrying out primary enzymolysis on the separated concentrated protein milk, adding cellulase, wherein the enzyme amount is 0.3-0.5% of that of the dry base material, and washing with water to remove sugar and ash; adding water into the protein milk, wherein the ratio of the water to the feed is 1: 6.5-8.5, mixing, wherein the pH value is 7.5-9.5, the stirring speed is 25-45 y/min, the reaction temperature is 55 ℃, and the reaction time is 30 min;
performing solid-liquid centrifugal separation on the rice residue protease hydrolysate at a high rotating speed of a centrifugal machine, allowing the separated protein concentrated solution to enter a washing process, adding the same amount of material-water ratio, temperature, stirring and diluting of the primary protease hydrolysate, pumping the washing solution into a primary washing separator, performing washing separation, performing centrifugal separation, and removing supernatant;
the solid-phase protein concentrated material separated by the primary washing enters a secondary washing tank, water is added for dilution, stirring is carried out, secondary washing is carried out, washing liquid is pumped into a secondary washing separator by a pump for secondary washing separation, and the material-water ratio, the temperature and the stirring of the secondary washing and the primary washing are the same;
washing the solid-phase protein material obtained by secondary washing and centrifugation with water for three times, adding the solid-phase protein material into a water washing tank for three times with the same amount of water as the secondary washing, diluting, stirring, washing with water for three times, pumping the washing liquid into a water washing separator for three times, washing and separating for three times, discarding the separated supernatant, feeding the protein liquid obtained by centrifugation into a dilution tank, adding the protein liquid diluted with water to reach the technological requirement concentration, and performing conditioning and grinding in the next procedure;
step four, homogenizing and grinding: adjusting the pH value of the protein liquid to 6.8-7.4, and cooling to 45-50 ℃. Homogenizing the tempered protein liquid by a high-pressure homogenizer of 80-120 Mp, and then carrying out superfine grinding and filtering to obtain protein liquid with the particle size of more than or equal to 1800 meshes;
step five, secondary enzymolysis: adding protease into the protein solution to perform mild enzymolysis reaction;
firstly, heating rice residue protein liquid to 85-95 ℃ for sterilization, keeping the sterilization time for 10-15 min, then cooling the protein liquid to 55-60 ℃, correcting the pH value to 7.0-7.4, adding alkaline protease, wherein the addition amount of the alkaline protease is 0.5-1.5% of the dry matter of the protein liquid, adding neutral protease, the addition amount of the neutral protease is 0.3-0.6% of the dry matter of the protein liquid, stirring, and adding the neutral protease to perform the DH value of an enzymolysis reaction of 10-15% when the alkaline protein reacts for 25-35 min;
step six, sterilization and flash evaporation, namely pumping the protein liquid into a sterilization pipeline, spraying clean steam into a material sterilization pipe by using a steam sprayer to mix and sterilize with the hydrolysate, and then entering a flash tank to pull vacuum for flash evaporation and deodorization;
mixing the steam with the protein liquid at the temperature of 115-155 ℃, sterilizing for 7-21S, and performing flash evaporation, gasification and vacuum-pumping under the negative value of 0.08MPa to realize sterilization and deodorization;
step seven, concentration and drying: the concentration solid content of the protein liquid after sterilization and deodorization is 10.8-12%, in order to improve the concentration of the protein liquid, the concentration of the protein liquid is subjected to vacuum concentration, so that rice protein concentrated solution with the solid content of 20-25% which is more than two times that of the rice protein concentrated solution before concentration is obtained, and the concentrated solution is pressed into a spray drying tower with upper air exhaust by a pressure pump to be sprayed, so that the milk white protein powder is obtained.
2. The method for preparing protein powder based on water-washed defatted rice flour of claim 1, wherein the emulsifier in the second step is soybean lecithin PC + PE.
3. The method for preparing protein powder based on water-washed defatted rice residue as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step three, the step of adding water to dilute the protein solution to the process required concentration means adding water with five times of the volume of the protein solution into the protein solution.
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| CN113817035A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-12-21 | 北京工商大学 | Method for extracting sorghum gluten from white spirit vinasse in grading manner |
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