CN110651773A - Variable flow air-assisted electrostatic spraying system - Google Patents
Variable flow air-assisted electrostatic spraying system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110651773A CN110651773A CN201910871266.6A CN201910871266A CN110651773A CN 110651773 A CN110651773 A CN 110651773A CN 201910871266 A CN201910871266 A CN 201910871266A CN 110651773 A CN110651773 A CN 110651773A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0089—Regulating or controlling systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/005—Special arrangements or adaptations of the spraying or distributing parts, e.g. adaptations or mounting of the spray booms, mounting of the nozzles, protection shields
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0082—Undercarriages, frames, mountings, couplings, tanks
- A01M7/0085—Tanks
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of electrostatic spraying, in particular to a variable flow air-assisted electrostatic spraying system in the field of plant protection pesticide application machines. The device comprises a high-voltage electrostatic system capable of adjusting output voltage, a flux-adjustable medicine supply system, an air compressor air supply system capable of adjusting air pressure, a power supply system and an air-assisted electrostatic spray head structure. The invention adopts the PWM direct current speed regulator to regulate the voltage of the diaphragm pump so as to change the flow rate, is more economical and practical than using an electromagnetic valve to control the flow rate, simplifies the structure of the spraying machine, saves the cost, and simultaneously regulates the pressure regulating valve to flow part of the water flow back to the pesticide box when the duty ratio reaches a lower level in order to prevent the output duty ratio of the PWM direct current speed regulator from being too low to generate obvious water flow pulse phenomenon; the method for changing the output voltage by adjusting the input voltage of the static generator by adopting the matrix keys is more efficient and accurate than the method for changing the voltage by directly rotating the knob of the static generator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrostatic spraying, in particular to a variable flow air-assisted electrostatic spraying system in the field of plant protection pesticide application machines, and particularly relates to a method for changing output voltage by outputting a PWM (pulse-width modulation) signal by a singlechip module, a scheme for controlling the flow of a diaphragm pump by a PWM direct-current speed regulator and the design of a spray head structure.
Background
As is known, plant protection work has a significant effect on improving crop yield and quality, but at present, plant protection work efficiency needs to be improved, which mainly means that equipment lags behind and technology lags behind, and although many high-technology equipment exist in the market, large-scale application is difficult due to high manufacturing cost.
The problems stimulate the intensive research of scientific research workers on the simple and efficient pesticide application machine, and in order to improve the control effect of orchard spraying, the current hot electrostatic spraying technology is adopted, the functions of variable spraying and air conveying are added, and the economy is considered while the high efficiency is considered.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention develops the air-assisted electrostatic spraying system integrating variable flow, variable voltage and variable air pressure.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a variable flow air-assisted electrostatic spraying system comprises a high-voltage electrostatic system capable of adjusting output voltage, a flow-adjustable medicine supply system, an air compressor air supply system capable of adjusting air pressure, a power supply system and an air-assisted electrostatic spray head structure.
The high-voltage electrostatic system comprises a high-voltage electrostatic generator, a singlechip module, a triode and a first switch button, wherein the singlechip module comprises a matrix key, a liquid crystal display module and a singlechip chip;
the single chip microcomputer module is fixed on an industrial control platform, a pin of the single chip microcomputer module is connected with a base electrode of the triode, one end of an emitting electrode of the triode is connected onto a wire, the other end of the wire is connected to a first button switch, the first button switch is installed on the industrial control platform, the other end of the first button switch is connected to an anode of a first storage battery through the wire, one end of a collector electrode of the triode is connected to an anode of a high-voltage electrostatic generator located behind a driver seat, a cathode of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is connected to a cathode of the first storage battery through an insulated wire, and an output end of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is connected to each air-assisted electrostatic spray head located on two sides of a pesticide. The triode and the first button switch are connected with the lead in a welding mode, and the lead and the storage battery electrode are fixed through the crocodile clip. The matrix keys and the liquid crystal display module are integrated on the single chip microcomputer module through a PCB.
The medicine supply system comprises an electric diaphragm pump, a medicine chest, a PWM (pulse-width modulation) direct-current speed regulator, a tee joint, a first pressure regulating valve and a second button switch;
the medical kit is fixed on the frame through bolts, the liquid medicine of the medical kit flows into the diaphragm pump through the filter screen and the water pipe, and is distributed to each air-assisted electrostatic sprayer through the tee joint and the first pipeline distributor, and the tee joint is also connected with the medical kit through the first pressure regulating valve; the positive and negative poles of the input end of the PWM direct current speed regulator are respectively connected to a second button switch and the negative pole of a second storage battery, the second button switch is fixed on the console, the other end of the PWM direct current speed regulator is connected to the positive pole of the second storage battery, and the output end of the PWM direct current speed regulator is respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the diaphragm pump.
The air supply system comprises a pressure regulating valve, a pressure gauge, an air compressor, an inverter and a third switch button;
the positive pole of the third storage battery is connected to the positive pole of an inverter located behind the driver seat through a third switch button on the industrial control console, the negative pole of the third storage battery is connected to the negative pole of the inverter, the output end of the inverter supplies power to an air compressor located behind the driver seat through a three-hole plug on the air compressor, and an output pipeline of the air compressor is connected with a second pressure regulating valve and a pressure gauge and then is connected to each air-assisted electrostatic spray head through a second pipeline distributor.
The power supply system comprises three independent 12V storage batteries; the three storage batteries are fixed at the tail part of the pesticide applying machine frame side by side.
The air-assisted electrostatic spray head mainly comprises a spray outlet, a spray nozzle, an air supply pipeline, a liquid supply pipeline, a charged wire, an air cavity, a copper electrode, a spray head cap, a spray head base and a cavity cover.
The charged conducting wire penetrates through a hole of the spray head base and is fixed on the spray head base in an adhesive mode, the conducting wire at an outlet above the spray head base is exposed and is pressed on the spray head base by a copper electrode, the charged conducting wire wraps a conducting wire insulating layer at the part inside the hole of the spray head base, the exposed ends of the copper electrode and the charged conducting wire are isolated outside an air cavity by a cavity cover made of resin materials, the copper electrode and the charged conducting wire are prevented from touching water and causing electric leakage, the cavity cover is fixed inside the copper electrode in an adhesive mode and is positioned on the spray head base through an annular groove, the space formed between the cavity cover and the spray head base is the air cavity, an air supply pipeline is fixed on a threaded part in an adhesive mode and is fixed with the spray head base through threaded connection, air entering the air supply pipeline penetrates through the spray head base and enters the air cavity, the liquid supply pipeline is fixed on the threaded part in an adhesive mode and is fixed with, the liquid medicine entering the liquid supply pipeline penetrates through the spray head base and is ejected out of the spray nozzle, the spray nozzle is located in the axis direction of the spray head base and is designed integrally with the spray head base, the spray head cap is fixed with the spray head base through threads, the cavity cover and the copper electrode are pressed tightly through screwing of the spray head cap and the spray head base, and the spray outlet is located in the center of the spray head cap.
The single chip microcomputer module in the high-voltage electrostatic system can accurately input the desired voltage value through the matrix key and display the voltage value through the display, so that the operation feeling is more visual.
The PWM direct current speed regulator in the liquid supply system can adjust the equivalent voltage of the output end through a knob, and can flexibly and conveniently adjust the flow of the diaphragm pump during working.
The air-assisted electrostatic spraying system can effectively charge the fog drops, improve the deposition effect of the fog drops and increase the penetrating performance of the fog drops through the air flow provided by the air compressor.
An operator can conveniently adjust the charged voltage, the spraying flow and the air pressure through a switch and an adjusting device integrated on the industrial control console, and various working environments are met.
Has the advantages that:
compared with the prior device, the invention has the following advantages: the voltage of the diaphragm pump is adjusted by the PWM direct-current speed regulator, so that the flow is changed, the flow is more economical and practical than the flow controlled by an electromagnetic valve, the structure of the spraying machine is simplified, the cost is saved, and meanwhile, in order to prevent the phenomenon that the output duty ratio of the PWM direct-current speed regulator is too low and obvious water flow pulse occurs, when the duty ratio reaches a lower level, part of water flow flows back to the pesticide box by adjusting the pressure regulating valve; the method for changing the output voltage by adjusting the input voltage of the static generator by adopting the matrix keys is more efficient and accurate than the method for changing the voltage by directly rotating the knob of the static generator.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the piping connection of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a system tool console of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sprinkler head of the system of the present invention;
in fig. 1, a first battery; 2. a second storage battery; 3. a third storage battery; 4. three-hole plug of the air compressor; 5. a 12V DC-to-220 AC inverter; 6. an air compressor; 7. a lead at the output end of the high-voltage electrostatic generator; 8. a single chip module; 9. a PWM DC speed regulator; 10. a third switch button; 11. a second switch button; 12. a first switch button; 13. an electric diaphragm pump; 14. a high voltage electrostatic generator.
In fig. 2, 24, a tee; 25. a first pressure regulating valve; 17. a first pipeline distributor; 18. a second pipeline distributor; 16. a pressure gauge; 23. a second pressure regulating valve; 15. a medicine chest.
In fig. 3, 20, a liquid crystal display module; 21. matrix keys; 22. and a single chip microcomputer chip.
In fig. 4, 26, the spray outlet; 27. a nozzle; 28. a gas supply duct; 29. a liquid supply conduit; 30. a charged wire; 31. an air cavity; 32. a copper electrode; 33. a nozzle cap; 34. a nozzle base; 35. and (5) covering the cavity.
Detailed Description
When the pesticide application operation is started, an operator presses a second button switch 11 on a control console of a spraying system, the industrial system is connected, the second storage battery 2 starts to supply power, the diaphragm pump 13 starts to work by the 12V rated current output by the second storage battery 2, the liquid inlet end of the diaphragm pump 13 sucks liquid medicine from the medicine box 15 through a liquid pipeline, the liquid medicine enters the diaphragm pump 13, is pressurized and conveyed from the water outlet end of the diaphragm pump 13 to the liquid supply pipeline 29 of each air-assisted electrostatic sprayer through the liquid pipeline and the first pipeline distributor 17, and flows through the nozzle 27 to form water flow at a spraying outlet 26;
the operator presses the third button switch 10 again, the air supply system circuit is switched on, the third storage battery 3 starts to supply power, 12V direct current output by the third storage battery 3 is converted into 220V alternating current through the inverter 5, the alternating current output by the inverter 5 acts on the air compressor 6 through the three-hole plug 4 on the air compressor 6 to enable the air compressor 6 to work normally, airflow generated by an air outlet of the air compressor 6 is conveyed to each spray head through the gas pipeline and the second pipeline distributor 18, air enters the air cavity 31 of the spray head through the air supply pipeline 28 and is mixed with liquid medicine ejected from the spray nozzle 27, the liquid medicine is blown away by high-speed gas to finish atomization, and uniform spray is formed at the spray outlet 26.
The operator rotates the second pressure regulating valve 23 on the work control table of the spraying system, the pressure gauge 16 on the work control table displays the spraying air pressure, and the spraying air pressure is increased by the required air pressure according to the required wind power.
The operator rotates the PWM dc speed regulator 9 on the industrial control desk of the spraying system again, changes the equivalent input voltage of the diaphragm pump 13 to change the power of the diaphragm pump 13, thereby changing the spraying flow rate, and adjusts the first pressure regulating valve 25 to make the liquid medicine in the liquid supply pipeline form a backflow to flow into the medicine chest 15 if necessary and if the duty ratio of the PWM dc speed regulator 9 is too small when the flow rate is reduced to cause unstable spraying and fluctuation.
An operator presses a first button switch 12, an independent battery is arranged inside a singlechip module 8 for supplying power, a matrix key 21 inside the singlechip module 8 inputs a required voltage value, a singlechip chip 22 in the singlechip module 8 displays the received value on a liquid crystal display module 20, the number is converted into a corresponding PWM signal through calculation and processing and is sent to a base electrode of a triode 19 to be used as an on-off signal of the triode 19, the pulse width adjustment of the whole power supply system is realized, a high-voltage electrostatic generator 14 outputs rated 20000V voltage, the current output at an output end lead 7 of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is equivalently reduced through the high-frequency on-off of the triode 19 to achieve the effect equivalent to the reduction of the voltage, the output voltage acts on a copper electrode 32 through a charge lead 30, the high-voltage electrostatic on the copper electrode 32 induces charge to spray droplets, the atomization effect of the spray and the attachment effect on the vegetation are improved, and the spraying operation quality is improved.
Claims (4)
1. A variable flow air-assisted electrostatic spraying system is characterized by comprising a high-voltage electrostatic system capable of adjusting output voltage, a flow-adjustable medicine supply system, an air compressor air supply system capable of adjusting air pressure, a power supply system and an air-assisted electrostatic spray head structure;
the high-voltage electrostatic system comprises a high-voltage electrostatic generator, a singlechip module, a triode and a first switch button, wherein the singlechip module comprises a matrix key, a liquid crystal display module and a singlechip chip; the single chip microcomputer module is fixed on the work control table, a pin of the single chip microcomputer module is connected with a base electrode of the triode, one end of an emitting electrode of the triode is connected to a wire, the other end of the wire is connected to a first button switch, the first button switch is installed on the work control table, the other end of the first button switch is connected to the anode of a first storage battery through the wire, one end of a collector electrode of the triode is connected to the anode of a high-voltage electrostatic generator located behind the driver seat, the cathode of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is connected to the cathode of the first storage battery through an insulated wire, and the output end of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is connected to each air-assisted electrostatic spray head located on two sides of the pesticide;
the medicine supply system comprises an electric diaphragm pump, a medicine chest, a PWM (pulse-width modulation) direct-current speed regulator, a tee joint, a first pressure regulating valve and a second button switch; the medical kit is fixed on the frame through bolts, the liquid medicine of the medical kit flows into the diaphragm pump through the filter screen and the water pipe, and is distributed to each air-assisted electrostatic sprayer through the tee joint and the first pipeline distributor, and the tee joint is also connected with the medical kit through the first pressure regulating valve; the positive and negative poles of the input end of the PWM direct current speed regulator are respectively connected to a second button switch and the negative pole of a second storage battery, the second button switch is fixed on the console, the other end of the PWM direct current speed regulator is connected with the positive pole of the second storage battery, and the output end of the PWM direct current speed regulator is respectively connected to the positive and negative ends of the diaphragm pump;
the air supply system comprises a pressure regulating valve, a pressure gauge, an air compressor, an inverter and a third switch button; the positive pole of the third storage battery is connected to the positive pole of an inverter positioned behind the driver seat through a third switch button on the industrial control platform, the negative pole of the third storage battery is connected to the negative pole of the inverter, the output end of the inverter supplies power to an air compressor positioned behind the driver seat through a three-hole plug on the air compressor, and an output pipeline of the air compressor is connected with a second pressure regulating valve and a pressure gauge and is connected to each air-assisted electrostatic spray head through a second pipeline distributor;
the power supply system comprises three independent 12V storage batteries; the three storage batteries are fixed at the tail part of the pesticide applying machine frame side by side.
2. The variable flow air-assisted electrostatic spraying system of claim 1, wherein in the high voltage electrostatic system, the triode and the first button switch are connected with the lead by welding, and the lead and the accumulator electrode are fixed by an alligator clip; the matrix keys and the liquid crystal display module are integrated on the single chip microcomputer module through a PCB.
3. The variable flow air-assisted electrostatic spraying system of claim 1, wherein the air-assisted electrostatic spray head has a main structure of a spray outlet, a nozzle, an air supply pipeline, a liquid supply pipeline, a charged wire, an air cavity, a copper electrode, a spray head cap, a spray head base and a cavity cover; the charged conducting wire penetrates through a hole of the spray head base and is fixed on the spray head base in an adhesive mode, the conducting wire at an outlet above the spray head base is exposed and is pressed on the spray head base by a copper electrode, the charged conducting wire wraps a conducting wire insulating layer at the part inside the hole of the spray head base, the exposed ends of the copper electrode and the charged conducting wire are isolated outside an air cavity by a cavity cover made of resin materials, the copper electrode and the charged conducting wire are prevented from touching water and causing electric leakage, the cavity cover is fixed inside the copper electrode in an adhesive mode and is positioned on the spray head base through an annular groove, the space formed between the cavity cover and the spray head base is the air cavity, an air supply pipeline is fixed on a threaded part in an adhesive mode and is fixed with the spray head base through threaded connection, air entering the air supply pipeline penetrates through the spray head base and enters the air cavity, the liquid supply pipeline is fixed on the threaded part in an adhesive mode and is fixed with, the liquid medicine entering the liquid supply pipeline penetrates through the spray head base and is ejected out of the spray nozzle, the spray nozzle is located in the axis direction of the spray head base and is designed integrally with the spray head base, the spray head cap is fixed with the spray head base through threads, the cavity cover and the copper electrode are pressed tightly through screwing of the spray head cap and the spray head base, and the spray outlet is located in the center of the spray head cap.
4. The variable flow air-assisted electrostatic spraying system of claim 1, wherein at the beginning of the spraying operation, an operator presses a second button switch on a control console of the spraying system, the industrial system is connected, the second storage battery starts to supply power, the pump is started to operate by the rated current of 12V output by the second storage battery, the liquid inlet end of the pump sucks liquid medicine from the medicine box through the liquid pipeline, the liquid medicine enters the pump and is conveyed to the liquid supply pipeline of each air-assisted electrostatic spraying head from the water outlet end of the pump through the liquid pipeline and the first pipeline distributor after being pressurized, and flows through the nozzles to form water flow at the spraying outlet;
an operator presses a third button switch again, the air supply system circuit is connected, the third storage battery starts to supply power, direct current output by the third storage battery is converted into 220V alternating current through an inverter, the alternating current output by the inverter acts on the air compressor through a three-hole plug on the air compressor to enable the air compressor to normally work, airflow generated by an air outlet of the air compressor is conveyed to each spray nozzle through an air pipeline and a second pipeline distributor, air enters an air cavity of the spray nozzle through the air supply pipeline and is mixed with liquid medicine emitted from the spray nozzle, and high-speed gas blows the liquid medicine to finish atomization, so that uniform spray is formed at a spray outlet;
an operator rotates a second pressure regulating valve on an industrial control platform of the spraying system, a pressure gauge on the industrial control platform displays the spraying air pressure, and the spraying air pressure is increased by the required air pressure according to the required wind power;
an operator rotates the PWM direct-current speed regulator on the industrial control platform of the spraying system again, changes the equivalent input voltage of the diaphragm pump to change the power of the diaphragm pump, thereby changing the spraying flow, and under the necessary condition and the condition that the spraying is unstable and fluctuates due to the over-small duty ratio of the PWM direct-current speed regulator when the flow is reduced, the first pressure regulating valve is adjusted to enable the liquid medicine in the liquid supply pipeline to form backflow and flow into the medicine box;
an operator presses a first button switch, an independent battery is arranged in a single chip module for supplying power, a required voltage value is input in a matrix key in the single chip module, a single chip in the single chip module displays the received value on a liquid crystal display module, the number is converted into a corresponding PWM signal through calculation and processing and is sent to a base electrode of a triode as an on-off signal of the triode, the pulse width adjustment of the whole power supply system is realized, a high-voltage electrostatic generator outputs rated 20000V voltage, the current output at a lead at the output end of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is equivalently reduced through the high-frequency on-off of the triode to achieve the effect equivalent to the reduction of the voltage, the output voltage acts on a copper electrode through a charged lead, the high-voltage electrostatic on the copper electrode induces charge to spray droplets, and the atomization effect and the attachment effect on vegetation of the spray are improved, improve the quality of spraying operation.
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| CN201910871266.6A CN110651773B (en) | 2019-09-16 | 2019-09-16 | Variable flow air-assisted electrostatic spraying system |
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| CN201910871266.6A CN110651773B (en) | 2019-09-16 | 2019-09-16 | Variable flow air-assisted electrostatic spraying system |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113519489A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-10-22 | 山东理工大学 | PWM (pulse-width modulation) electronic control precise spraying system |
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| CN110651773B (en) | 2021-11-23 |
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