CN110649291B - Rapid activation method for proton exchange membrane fuel cell - Google Patents
Rapid activation method for proton exchange membrane fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN110649291B CN110649291B CN201910926266.1A CN201910926266A CN110649291B CN 110649291 B CN110649291 B CN 110649291B CN 201910926266 A CN201910926266 A CN 201910926266A CN 110649291 B CN110649291 B CN 110649291B
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- output current
- fuel cell
- battery
- working temperature
- exchange membrane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8878—Treatment steps after deposition of the catalytic active composition or after shaping of the electrode being free-standing body
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention provides a rapid activation method of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which comprises the following steps of carrying out plasma surface treatment on a newly prepared CCM, then preparing the CCM into the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and activating the CCM according to the following steps: (a) gradually increasing the working temperature of the battery and gradually forcibly increasing the output current in sections until the working temperature of the battery reaches 70-80 ℃ and the output voltage is reduced to 0.4-0.5V; (b) fixing the working temperature of the battery at 70-80 ℃, gradually and forcibly increasing the output current in sections until the output voltage is reduced to 0.4-0.5V, and circulating for 1-4 times; (c) the working temperature of the battery is fixed at 70-80 ℃, and the working temperature is firstly 50-200 mA/cm 2 The smaller output current is then 800-1200 mA/cm 2 The large output current is circulated for 2-8 times. The method has simple process, can shorten the activation time of the battery and improve the production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for quickly activating a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
Background
The fuel cell is a new energy utilization technology which is efficient and clean. The newly manufactured cell can be normally used after being activated, the activation can improve the activity of a catalyst in an MEA (proton exchange membrane fuel cell), the reaction speed of two sides of a cathode and an anode is accelerated, and the conventional fuel cell usually needs more than 4 hours for activation, so that the time is long and the effect is poor. The purpose of the activation of the fuel cell mainly comprises: firstly, carrying out structure optimization on the surface of the newly prepared CCM, improving the wettability of the CCM and optimizing the water condition; hydration is carried out on the electrode and the diffusion layer through battery discharge, so that the internal resistance, particularly the ohmic internal resistance, of the membrane electrode is reduced; the activation process is also the establishment process of the channels of gas, proton, electron and water, and the battery continuously changes the microstructure of CCM, carbon paper and the like after activation to form a continuous three-dimensional network; and removing impurities possibly introduced in the manufacturing process of the battery. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a battery activation method that can reduce the activation time and improve the production efficiency while achieving the purpose of activation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a proton exchange membrane fuel cell rapid activation method which has simple process, can shorten the activation time of the cell and improve the production efficiency.
The invention is realized by the following scheme:
a proton exchange Membrane fuel cell rapid activation method, a newly prepared CCM (Catalyst Coated Membrane, Membrane product formed after Catalyst is sprayed on a proton exchange Membrane) is subjected to plasma surface treatment, then the treated CCM is prepared into a proton exchange Membrane fuel cell, and the proton exchange Membrane fuel cell is activated according to the following steps:
(a) gradually increasing the working temperature of the battery and gradually forcibly increasing the output current in sections until the working temperature of the battery reaches 70-80 ℃ and the output voltage is reduced to 0.4-0.5V, wherein the duration time of each output current is 10-20 min; the initial value of the working temperature of the battery is generally set to be 40-45 ℃, and the initial value of the output current is generally set to be 50-100 mA/cm 2 ；
(b) Fixing the working temperature of the battery at 70-80 ℃, gradually and forcibly increasing the output current in sections until the output voltage is reduced to 0.4-0.5V, wherein the duration of each output current is 10-20 min, and circulating for 1-4 times; the initial value of the output current is generally set to 200-400 mA/cm 2 ；
(c) The working temperature of the battery is fixed at 70-80 ℃, and the working temperature is firstly 50-200 mA/cm 2 The smaller output current is then 800-1200 mA/cm 2 The duration of each output current is 1-5 min, and the cycle is 2-8 times.
Further, in the step (a), the amplitude of each increase of the output current is 50-500 mA/cm 2 。
Further, in the step (b), the amplitude of each increase of the output current is 400-650 mA/cm 2 。
Further, the time for plasma surface treatment of the newly prepared CCM is controlled to be 1-5 min. The plasma surface treatment process of the invention is to place the newly prepared CCM film in a plasma treatment device and carry out the plasma surface treatment process according to the prior art.
The proton exchange membrane fuel cell rapid activation method of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) by carrying out plasma surface treatment on the newly prepared CCM, the roughness of a catalyst layer on the surface layer of the CCM is increased, the specific surface area is increased, the contact area of reactants and a catalyst is increased, and meanwhile, the hydrophilicity of the treated catalyst surface layer is enhanced, so that the CCM is favorably wetted and the later-stage MEA activation is accelerated;
(2) after the low-current and high-current cyclic discharge in the step (c) is carried out for a plurality of times, the organic matters with impurities are degraded and volatilized by using low-current and high-voltage, and then the organic matters are washed away by using high current, so that various impurities can be effectively removed, the battery can fully exert the activity and fully activate, and the optimal working state is achieved;
(3) the method has simple process, can efficiently and quickly activate the battery, shortens the activation time of the battery, improves the production efficiency, saves the activation cost, and can quickly reach the optimal working state and performance of the battery activated by adopting the quick activation method of the proton exchange membrane fuel battery.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the description of the examples.
Example 1
A method for quickly activating proton exchange membrane fuel cell (5 × 5 cm) 2 The newly prepared CCM membrane is placed in a plasma treatment device to be treated according to the plasma surface treatment process in the prior art, and the likeArgon is filled into the ion treatment device, the filling flow of the argon is 15ml/s, the power of the plasma treatment device is 100W, the vacuum degree is 50Pa, the temperature is 40 ℃, and the plasma surface treatment time is 2 min; then, the processed CCM is made into a proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to the prior art, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is connected to a cell tester, and the activation is carried out according to the following steps:
(a) firstly, setting the working temperature of the battery to be 45 ℃, humidifying, supplying reaction gas in a metering ratio mode, and mixing the hydrogen: 1.5, air: 2.5, setting the initial value of the output current to be 2.5A, gradually increasing the working temperature of the battery and gradually forcibly increasing the output current in sections, wherein the amplitude of each increase of the output current is 100-200 mA/cm 2 And when the working temperature of the battery reaches 75 ℃ and the output voltage is reduced to 0.4-0.5V, the duration time of each output current is 10min, and the specific steps are as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
(b) Fixing the working temperature of the battery at 75 ℃, setting the initial value of the output current to be 10A, gradually and forcibly increasing the output current in sections, wherein the amplitude of each increase of the output current is 400mA/cm 2 And (3) until the output voltage is reduced to 0.4-0.5V, the duration of each output current is 10min, the cycle is carried out for 2 times, and the specific steps are as shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
(c) The working temperature of the battery is fixed at 75 ℃, and the working temperature is firstly 200mA/cm 2 The lower output current is then 1200mA/cm 2 The duration of each output current is 1min, the cycle is carried out for 4 times, and the specific steps are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3
According to the method of example 1, the activation time of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell only needs 158 percent, which can be shortened by about 34 percent compared with the activation time of the prior fuel cell.
Example 2
A method for quickly activating proton exchange membrane fuel cell (4 × 4 cm) 2 Placing the newly prepared CCM film in a plasma treatment device for treatment according to the plasma surface treatment process in the prior art, wherein argon is filled into the plasma treatment device, the filling flow of the argon is 10ml/s, the power of the plasma treatment device is 100W, the vacuum degree is 50Pa, the temperature is 40 ℃, and the plasma surface treatment time is 5 min; then, the processed CCM is made into a proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to the prior art, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is connected to a cell tester, and the activation is carried out according to the following steps:
(a) firstly, setting the working temperature of the battery to be 40 ℃, humidifying, adopting a fixed value mode for reaction gas supply, setting hydrogen to be 500mL/min, air to be 1500mL/min, setting the initial value of the output current to be 1A, gradually increasing the working temperature of the battery and gradually forcibly increasing the output current in sections, wherein the amplitude of each increase of the output current is 180-250 mA/cm 2 And when the working temperature of the battery reaches 70 ℃ and the output voltage is reduced to 0.4-0.5V, the duration time of each output current is 10min, and the specific steps are as shown in table 4:
TABLE 4
(b) Fixing the working temperature of the battery at 70 ℃, setting the initial value of the output current to be 5A, gradually and forcibly increasing the output current in sections, wherein the amplitude of each increase of the output current is 625mA/cm 2 And circulating for 2 times until the output voltage is reduced to 0.4-0.5V and the duration of each output current is 10min, wherein the specific steps are shown in a table 5:
TABLE 5
(c) The working temperature of the battery is fixed at 70 ℃, and the first 100mA/cm is pressed 2 A smaller output current of 1000mA/cm 2 The duration of each output current is 2min, the cycle is 6 times, and the specific steps are as shown in table 6:
TABLE 6
According to the method of example 2, the activation time of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell only needs 142 minutes, which can be shortened by about 40% compared with the activation time of the existing fuel cell.
Claims (4)
1. A method for quickly activating a proton exchange membrane fuel cell is characterized by comprising the following steps: carrying out plasma surface treatment on the newly prepared CCM, preparing the treated CCM into a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, and activating the proton exchange membrane fuel cell according to the following steps:
(a) gradually increasing the working temperature of the battery and gradually forcibly increasing the output current in sections until the working temperature of the battery reaches 70-80 ℃ and the output voltage is reduced to 0.4-0.5V, wherein the duration time of each output current is 10-20 min;
(b) fixing the working temperature of the battery at 70-80 ℃, gradually and forcibly increasing the output current in sections until the output voltage is reduced to 0.4-0.5V, wherein the duration of each output current is 10-20 min, and circulating for 1-4 times;
(c) the working temperature of the battery is fixed at 70-80 ℃, and the working temperature is firstly 50-200 mA/cm 2 The smaller output current is then 800-1200 mA/cm 2 The duration of each output current is 1-5 min, and the cycle is 2-8 times.
2. The rapid activation method of a pem fuel cell according to claim 1 wherein: in the step (a), the output current is increased every timeThe amplitude of (A) is 50-500 mA/cm 2 。
3. The rapid activation method of a pem fuel cell according to claim 1 wherein: in the step (b), the amplitude of each increase of the output current is 400-650 mA/cm 2 。
4. A method for rapidly activating a pem fuel cell according to any of claims 1 to 3 wherein: the time for plasma surface treatment of the newly prepared CCM is controlled to be 1-5 min.
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