CN110646495A - Convolution current voltammetry for detecting vitamin content in blood sample - Google Patents
Convolution current voltammetry for detecting vitamin content in blood sample Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/416—Systems
- G01N27/48—Systems using polarography, i.e. measuring changes in current under a slowly-varying voltage
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/28—Electrolytic cell components
- G01N27/30—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
- G01N27/308—Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells at least partially made of carbon
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of vitamin content detection methods, and particularly discloses a convolution current voltammetry for detecting the vitamin content in a blood sample, wherein the blood sample to be detected is taken to react with a vitamin releasing agent, so that the combined vitamin in the blood sample to be detected is converted into the free vitamin, and the vitamin releasing agent consists of a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte; detecting the redox current generated by the vitamin in the blood sample to be detected on the working electrode by using a convolution current voltammetry; and (3) comparing current signal values of a series of vitamin standard samples with different concentrations, and preparing a standard curve according to the corresponding concentrations. The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, utilizes the electronic convolution technology, greatly improves the signal/noise ratio, eliminates the influence of the capacitance current of the double electrode layers of the electrodes in the common voltammetry, effectively reduces the interference of the pre-oxidation/reduction current to weak measurement signals, and accurately measures the content of various vitamins in the blood sample.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vitamin content detection methods, and particularly belongs to a convolution current voltammetry for detecting the vitamin content in a blood sample.
Background
Vitamins are a type of trace organic matter which must be ingested by food in order to maintain normal physiological functions, and play an important role in regulating substance metabolism, maintaining physiological functions and other functions. The long-term deficiency or excessive intake of certain vitamin or vitamins can cause corresponding diseases, such as vitamin A deficiency mainly manifested by nyctalopia, dry eye and dry skin; vitamin B1 deficiency mainly manifests as cheilitis, glossitis, angular cheilitis, etc.; vitamin D deficiency is mainly manifested by rickets, rib softening, chicken breast, etc.; vitamin C deficiency manifests primarily as scurvy; vitamin B12 deficiency manifests primarily as pernicious anemia; ingestion of excessive amounts of vitamin E can disrupt the clotting function.
The existing vitamin detection methods are different, and mainly comprise a microbiological method, an ultraviolet spectrophotometry method, a fluorescence analysis method, a high performance liquid chromatography method, an electrochemical method and the like. The spectrum analysis methods, including ultraviolet spectrophotometry, fluorescence analysis and the like, have few types of vitamins which can be detected, and the pretreatment process of the chromatography is too complicated and time-consuming, uses more organic solvents and has more requirements on blood samples. The electrochemical method is sensitive and rapid, needs less samples, does not need pretreatment, and is particularly suitable for detecting the vitamins in the biological samples. The current vitamin detection instruments include: a vitamin analyzer of Younglin corporation, korea, which detects various vitamins in foods and medicines using high performance liquid chromatography; a vitamin fluorescence analyzer of Germany Baifa R-Biopharm company, an electrochemical vitamin detector of China Tianjin blue standard company and the like.
The existing electrochemical analysis technology for detecting vitamins is mainly realized by the traditional linear sweep voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, stripping voltammetry and the like, although the methods can be used for detecting vitamins, the sensitivity is low, and particularly when various vitamins in a blood sample are detected simultaneously, the detection limit is high, and the concentration level of the vitamins in the blood sample cannot be reached.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a convolution current voltammetry for detecting the content of vitamins in a blood sample, which overcomes the defects of the prior art, utilizes an electronic convolution technology, greatly improves the signal/noise ratio, eliminates the influence of electrode double-layer capacitance current existing in the common voltammetry, and effectively reduces the interference of pre-oxidation/reduction current on weak measurement signals, thereby obviously improving the determination sensitivity and accurately measuring the content of various vitamins in the blood sample.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a convolution current voltammetry for detecting vitamin content in a blood sample is characterized in that a blood sample to be detected is taken to react with a vitamin releasing agent, so that vitamin in a combined state in the blood sample to be detected is converted into vitamin in a free state, and the vitamin releasing agent consists of a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte; detecting the redox current generated by the vitamin in the blood sample to be detected on the working electrode by using a convolution current voltammetry; the vitamin content in the blood sample to be detected is calculated through a linear equation according to the current signal values of the samples to be detected under the same condition.
Further, when the vitamin A content in the blood sample is detected, the initial electrode potential of the instrument parameters is-0.6-0.2V, the final electrode potential is 0.8-1.5V, the scanning speed is 20-500 mV/s, the working mode is a differential mode for 0.5 times, 1.5 times or 2.5 times, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode; the vitamin a releasing agent consists of a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte; the solvent is one or more of absolute ethyl alcohol, acetonitrile, acetone, dichloromethane and dimethylformamide, the inert supporting electrolyte is one or more of lithium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate, tetraphenylarsinium tetraphenylborate and tetrabutylammonium perchlorate, and the concentration of the inert supporting electrolyte is 0.01-5 mol/L.
Further, when the content of vitamin B1 in a blood sample is detected, the initial electrode potential of instrument parameters is 0.4-0.2V, the final electrode potential is-0.8-1.5V, the scanning speed is 20-500 mV/s, the working mode is a differential mode of 0.5 times, 1.5 times or 2.5 times, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode; the vitamin B1 releasing agent is composed of a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte, wherein the solvent is one or more aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid and boric acid, the concentration of the solvent is 0.001-1 mol/L, the inert supporting electrolyte is one or more of potassium chloride, sodium citrate and disodium hydrogen phosphate, and the concentration of the inert supporting electrolyte is 0.01-2 mol/L.
Further, when the content of vitamin B2 in a blood sample is detected, the initial electrode potential of instrument parameters is 0.5-0.3V, the final electrode potential is-0.8-1.5V, the scanning speed is 20-500 mV/s, the working mode is a differential mode of 0.5 times, 1.5 times or 2.5 times, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode; the vitamin B2 releasing agent is composed of a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte, wherein the solvent is one or more aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, boric acid, glacial acetic acid and citric acid, the concentration of the solvent is 0.01-5 mol/L, the inert supporting electrolyte is one or more of potassium chloride, sodium citrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate, and the concentration of the inert supporting electrolyte is 0.01-2 mol/L.
Further, when the content of vitamin B6 in the blood sample is detected, the initial electrode potential of the instrument parameters is-0.6-0.2V, the final electrode potential is 0.8-1.5V, the scanning speed is 20-500 mV/s, the working mode is a differential mode of 0.5 times, 1.5 times or 2.5 times, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode; the vitamin B6 releasing agent is composed of a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte, wherein the solvent is one or more aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, boric acid, glacial acetic acid and citric acid, the concentration of the solvent is 0.02-2 mol/L, the inert supporting electrolyte is one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium chloride, sodium citrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate, and the concentration of the inert supporting electrolyte is 0.01-2 mol/L.
Further, when the content of vitamin B9 in the blood sample is detected, the initial electrode potential of the instrument parameters is-0.6-0.2V, the final electrode potential is 0.8-1.5V, the scanning speed is 20-500 mV/s, the working mode is a differential mode of 0.5 times, 1.5 times or 2.5 times, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode; the vitamin B9 releasing agent is composed of a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte, wherein the solvent is an aqueous solution of one or more of hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, boric acid, glacial acetic acid and citric acid, the concentration of the solvent is 0.02-2 mol/L, the inert supporting electrolyte is one or more of sodium oxide, potassium chloride, sodium citrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate, and the concentration of the inert supporting electrolyte is 0.01-2 mol/L.
Further, when the content of vitamin B12 in a blood sample is detected, the initial electrode potential of instrument parameters is-0.4V, the final electrode potential is-0.9-1.5V, the scanning speed is 20-500 mV/s, the working mode is a differential mode of 0.5 times, 1.5 times or 2.5 times, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode; the vitamin B12 releasing agent is composed of a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte, wherein the solvent is an aqueous solution of one or more of hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, boric acid, glacial acetic acid and citric acid, the concentration of the solvent is 0.01-2 mol/L, the inert supporting electrolyte is one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium chloride, sodium citrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate, and the concentration of the inert supporting electrolyte is 0.01-5 mol/L.
Further, when the content of vitamin C in a blood sample is detected, the initial electrode potential of instrument parameters is-1.0 to-0.6V, the final electrode potential is 0 to 0.6V, the scanning speed is 20 to 500mV/s, the working mode is a differential mode for 0.5 times, 1.5 times or 2.5 times, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode; the vitamin C releasing agent is composed of a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte, wherein the solvent is one or more aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, boric acid, glacial acetic acid and citric acid, the concentration of the solvent is 0.05-5 mol/L, the inert supporting electrolyte is one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium chloride, sodium citrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate, and the concentration of the inert supporting electrolyte is 0.01-5 mol/L.
Further, when the vitamin D content in the blood sample is detected, the initial electrode potential of the instrument parameters is-0.6-0.2V, the final electrode potential is 0.8-1.5V, the scanning speed is 20-500 mV/s, the working mode is a differential mode for 0.5 times, 1.5 times or 2.5 times, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode; the vitamin D releasing agent comprises a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte, wherein the solvent is one or more of absolute ethyl alcohol, acetonitrile, acetone, dichloromethane and dimethylformamide, the inert supporting electrolyte is one or more of lithium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate, tetraphenylarsinium tetraphenylborate and tetrabutylammonium perchlorate, and the concentration of the inert supporting electrolyte is 0.01-2 mol/L.
Further, when the vitamin E content in the blood sample is detected, the initial electrode potential of the instrument parameters is-0.6-0.2V, the final electrode potential is 0.8-1.5V, the scanning speed is 20-500 mV/s, the working mode is a differential mode for 0.5 times, 1.5 times or 2.5 times, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode; the vitamin E releasing agent consists of a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte, wherein the solvent is one or more of absolute ethyl alcohol, acetonitrile, acetone, dichloromethane and dimethylformamide, the inert supporting electrolyte is one or more of lithium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate, tetraphenylarsinium tetraphenylborate and tetrabutylammonium perchlorate, and the concentration of the inert supporting electrolyte is 0.01-2 mol/L.
Further, when the content of vitamin K1 in a blood sample is detected, the initial electrode potential of instrument parameters is-0.2-0.4V, the final electrode potential is-0.8-1.5V, the scanning speed is 20-500 mV/s, the working mode is a differential mode of 0.5 times, 1.5 times or 2.5 times, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode; the vitamin K1 releasing agent is composed of a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte, wherein the solvent is one or more aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, boric acid, glacial acetic acid and citric acid, the concentration of the solvent is 0.01-5 mol/L, the inert supporting electrolyte is one or more of sodium sulfate, potassium chloride, sodium citrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate, and the concentration of the inert supporting electrolyte is 0.01-2 mol/L.
Further, when the content of vitamin K3 in a blood sample is detected, the initial electrode potential of instrument parameters is-0.2-0.4V, the final electrode potential is-0.8-1.5V, the scanning speed is 20-500 mV/s, the working mode is a differential mode of 0.5 times, 1.5 times or 2.5 times, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode; the vitamin K3 releasing agent consists of a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte. The solvent is one or more aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, boric acid, glacial acetic acid and citric acid, the concentration of the solvent is 0.01-5 mol/L, the inert supporting electrolyte is one or more of sodium sulfate, potassium chloride, sodium citrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate, and the concentration of the inert supporting electrolyte is 0.01-2 mol/L.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following implementation effects:
1. the method adopts the convolution current voltammetry to measure the content of various vitamins in the blood sample, has the advantages of high sensitivity, good reproducibility, convenient and quick operation and the like, and accurately measures the content of various vitamins in the blood sample.
2. The invention adopts the standard addition method to determine the content of the vitamin in the sample, eliminates the interference caused by the matrix effect of the sample, reduces the detection limit of the vitamin and has accurate and reliable measurement result.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a 1.5-fold differential convolution current voltammogram measured at a vitamin C concentration varying from 0 to 16. mu.g/L.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples, and any modification is within the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
To further illustrate the technical content of the present invention, the following examples are listed, and the detailed description is provided with the accompanying drawings as follows:
detecting the content of vitamin C in the blood sample by using a convolution current voltammetry method: taking a certain amount of blood sample (whole blood or serum), and uniformly mixing with a certain amount of self-prepared supporting electrolyte solution to be tested. And (3) using the glassy carbon electrode as a sensor probe of the vitamin C, and obtaining the content of the vitamin C in the sample according to a convolution current value generated by the oxidation reaction of the vitamin C in the blood sample on the sensor.
Example 1
Single standard addition method for determining content of vitamin C in blood sample
The specific implementation process comprises the following steps:
1. pretreatment of the vitamin C sensor probe: a commercially available glassy carbon electrode with the diameter of 2mm is selected as a vitamin C sensor probe, and the electrode is firstly polished on metallographic abrasive paper of different models, so that the surface of the electrode is smooth like a mirror surface. And then mirror polishing is carried out on the polished glassy carbon electrode on alumina polishing powder with the grain diameter of 1.0 mu m, 0.3 mu m and 0.05 mu m in sequence. And finally, respectively placing the polished and bright glassy carbon electrode in ethanol and deionized water for 2 minutes by ultrasonic treatment to remove residual organic matters and adsorbed alumina powder on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode, and drying the electrode by using nitrogen for later use.
2. Activation of the vitamin C sensor probe: and (3) activating the vitamin C sensor probe by adopting cyclic voltammetry in a nitric acid aqueous solution containing silver nitrate, glycine and potassium nitrate by taking the treated glassy carbon electrode as a working electrode, a platinum wire electrode as an auxiliary electrode and a silver/silver chloride electrode as a reference electrode. Setting instrument parameters: the initial electrode potential was-1.0V (vs. reference), the final electrode potential was 1.9V (vs. reference), the scan rate was 120mV/s, and the scans were cycled for 10 cycles with stirring, then rinsed with deionized water and dried with nitrogen for future use.
3. Preparing a vitamin C releasing agent: and (2) taking a proper amount (100-1000 mL) of the single solvent or the mixed solvent into a volumetric flask, weighing the single or composite supporting electrolyte according to the proportion, adding the single or composite supporting electrolyte into the volumetric flask, covering a bottle stopper, slightly shaking, adding the same solvent to the scale mark of the volumetric flask after the supporting electrolyte is dissolved, wherein the concentration of the supporting electrolyte in the solution is 0.01-5 mol/L.
4. Release of vitamin C in blood samples: quantitatively transferring a blood sample (10-20 mu L) into a 5.0mL test tube by using a micropipette, quantitatively adding 2.0mL vitamin C releasing agent, covering a test tube plug, slightly shaking uniformly, standing for 5 minutes, and detecting on an upper computer until the vitamin C combined in the blood sample is released and becomes free micromolecules.
5. Determination of vitamin C in blood samples:
firstly, fixing a test tube containing a sample solution to be detected on a workbench of a vitamin detector, taking an activated vitamin C sensor probe as a working electrode, taking a platinum wire electrode as an auxiliary electrode, taking a silver/silver chloride electrode as a reference electrode, and inserting the activated vitamin C sensor probe, the platinum wire electrode and the silver/silver chloride electrode into the sample solution to be detected together for detection. The working mode of the vitamin detector can be selectively set to be 0.5, 1.5 or 2.5 differential modes, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode. The test parameters are: the initial electrode potential is-1.0 to-0.6V, the final electrode potential is 0 to 0.6V, the scanning speed is 20 to 500mV/s, and the convolution current obtained by detecting the sample solution is recorded as h.
Then quantitatively transferring Vs mL of the vitamin C standard solution by using a micropipette, adding the Vs mL of the vitamin C standard solution into the sample solution, uniformly stirring, detecting under the same condition, and recording the obtained convolution current as H.
6. Calculation of vitamin C concentration in blood samples:
the concentration of vitamin C in the blood sample is calculated according to the formula (1):
in the formula, cA is the concentration of vitamin C in the blood sample, H is the convolution current value obtained by detecting the sample solution, H is the convolution current value obtained by detecting after adding the standard solution, Vx is the volume of the diluent, Vs is the volume of the added standard solution, cs is the concentration of the standard solution, and k is the dilution multiple of the sample. The volume and concentration of the vitamin C standard solution added meet the following requirements:
Vs<100Vx，cs>100cA
example 2
Multi-standard addition method for determining content of vitamin C in blood sample
The specific implementation process comprises the following steps:
1. pretreatment of the vitamin C sensor probe: the same as in example 1.
2. Activation of the vitamin C sensor probe: the same as in example 1.
3. Preparing a vitamin C releasing agent: the same as in example 1.
4. Release of vitamin C in blood samples: the same as in example 1.
5. Determination of vitamin C in blood samples:
firstly, fixing a test tube containing a sample solution to be detected on a workbench of a vitamin detector, taking an activated vitamin C sensor probe as a working electrode, taking a platinum wire electrode as an auxiliary electrode, taking a silver/silver chloride electrode as a reference electrode, and inserting the activated vitamin C sensor probe, the platinum wire electrode and the silver/silver chloride electrode into the sample solution to be detected together for detection. The working mode of the vitamin detector can be selectively set to be 0.5, 1.5 or 2.5 differential modes, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode. The test parameters are: the initial electrode potential is-1.0 to-0.6V, the final electrode potential is 0 to 0.6V, the scanning speed is 20 to 500mV/s, and the convolution current obtained by detecting the sample solution is recorded as h 0.
Then, a vitamin C standard solution V1mL, V2mL, V3mL, … and VnmL are quantitatively removed by a micropipette in sequence, and are respectively added into the sample solution, the obtained convolution currents are respectively recorded as h1, h2, h3, and hn under the same conditions, and the concentrations of the correspondingly added vitamin C are respectively C1, C2, C3, and cn (the concentration can be obtained by converting the volume of the standard solution added each time). FIG. 1 is a graph showing the 1.5-fold differential convolution current voltammograms measured at a concentration of added vitamin C varying from 0 to 16. mu.g/L.
6. Calculation of vitamin C concentration in blood samples:
a minimum linear fit was performed using the convolution current and concentration (the concentration of vitamin C in the sample solution, C0, was 0 without the addition of a standard), resulting in the following linear relationship:
h＝kc+B (2)
thus, the concentration of vitamin C in the blood sample can be obtained as
cA＝-B (3)
The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the present inventive concept and various modifications, additions and substitutions of similar embodiments may be made to the specific embodiments described by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept or exceeding the scope of the claims as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (12)
1. A convolution current voltammetry for detecting vitamin content in a blood sample, which is characterized in that: taking a blood sample to be detected to react with a vitamin releasing agent, so that the vitamin in a combined state in the blood sample to be detected is converted into the vitamin in a free state, wherein the vitamin releasing agent consists of a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte; detecting the redox current generated by the vitamin in the blood sample to be detected on the working electrode by using a convolution current voltammetry; the vitamin content in the blood sample to be detected is calculated through a linear equation according to the current signal values of the samples to be detected under the same condition.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the voltammetry comprises: when the vitamin A content in a blood sample is detected, the initial electrode potential of instrument parameters is-0.6-0.2V, the final electrode potential is 0.8-1.5V, the scanning speed is 20-500 mV/s, the working mode is a differential mode for 0.5 times, 1.5 times or 2.5 times, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode; the vitamin a releasing agent consists of a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte; the solvent is one or more of absolute ethyl alcohol, acetonitrile, acetone, dichloromethane and dimethylformamide, the inert supporting electrolyte is one or more of lithium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate, tetraphenylarsinium tetraphenylborate and tetrabutylammonium perchlorate, and the concentration of the inert supporting electrolyte is 0.01-5 mol/L.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the voltammetry comprises: when the vitamin B1 content in a blood sample is detected, the initial electrode potential of instrument parameters is 0.4-0.2V, the final electrode potential is-0.8-1.5V, the scanning speed is 20-500 mV/s, the working mode is a differential mode of 0.5 times, 1.5 times or 2.5 times, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode; the vitamin B1 releasing agent is composed of a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte, wherein the solvent is one or more aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid and boric acid, the concentration of the solvent is 0.001-1 mol/L, the inert supporting electrolyte is one or more of potassium chloride, sodium citrate and disodium hydrogen phosphate, and the concentration of the inert supporting electrolyte is 0.01-2 mol/L.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the voltammetry comprises: when the vitamin B2 content in a blood sample is detected, the instrument parameter initial electrode potential is 0.5-0.3V, the terminating electrode potential is-0.8-1.5V, the scanning speed is 20-500 mV/s, the working mode is a differential mode of 0.5 times, 1.5 times or 2.5 times, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode; the vitamin B2 releasing agent is composed of a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte, wherein the solvent is one or more aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, boric acid, glacial acetic acid and citric acid, the concentration of the solvent is 0.01-5 mol/L, the inert supporting electrolyte is one or more of potassium chloride, sodium citrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate, and the concentration of the inert supporting electrolyte is 0.01-2 mol/L.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the voltammetry comprises: when the vitamin B6 content in a blood sample is detected, the instrument parameter initial electrode potential is-0.6-0.2V, the terminating electrode potential is 0.8-1.5V, the scanning speed is 20-500 mV/s, the working mode is a differential mode for 0.5 times, 1.5 times or 2.5 times, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode; the vitamin B6 releasing agent is composed of a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte, wherein the solvent is one or more aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, boric acid, glacial acetic acid and citric acid, the concentration of the solvent is 0.02-2 mol/L, the inert supporting electrolyte is one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium chloride, sodium citrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate, and the concentration of the inert supporting electrolyte is 0.01-2 mol/L.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the voltammetry comprises: when the vitamin B9 content in a blood sample is detected, the instrument parameter initial electrode potential is-0.6-0.2V, the terminating electrode potential is 0.8-1.5V, the scanning speed is 20-500 mV/s, the working mode is a differential mode for 0.5 times, 1.5 times or 2.5 times, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode; the vitamin B9 releasing agent is composed of a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte, wherein the solvent is an aqueous solution of one or more of hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, boric acid, glacial acetic acid and citric acid, the concentration of the solvent is 0.02-2 mol/L, the inert supporting electrolyte is one or more of sodium oxide, potassium chloride, sodium citrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate, and the concentration of the inert supporting electrolyte is 0.01-2 mol/L.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the voltammetry comprises: when the vitamin B12 content in a blood sample is detected, the initial electrode potential of instrument parameters is-0.4V, the final electrode potential is-0.9-1.5V, the scanning speed is 20-500 mV/s, the working mode is a differential mode of 0.5 times, 1.5 times or 2.5 times, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode; the vitamin B12 releasing agent is composed of a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte, wherein the solvent is an aqueous solution of one or more of hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, boric acid, glacial acetic acid and citric acid, the concentration of the solvent is 0.01-2 mol/L, the inert supporting electrolyte is one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium chloride, sodium citrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate, and the concentration of the inert supporting electrolyte is 0.01-5 mol/L.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the voltammetry comprises: when the vitamin C content in a blood sample is detected, the initial electrode potential of instrument parameters is-1.0 to-0.6V, the final electrode potential is 0 to 0.6V, the scanning speed is 20 to 500mV/s, the working mode is a differential mode for 0.5 times, 1.5 times or 2.5 times, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode; the vitamin C releasing agent is composed of a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte, wherein the solvent is one or more aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, boric acid, glacial acetic acid and citric acid, the concentration of the solvent is 0.05-5 mol/L, the inert supporting electrolyte is one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium chloride, sodium citrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate, and the concentration of the inert supporting electrolyte is 0.01-5 mol/L.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the voltammetry comprises: when the vitamin D content in a blood sample is detected, the initial electrode potential of instrument parameters is-0.6-0.2V, the final electrode potential is 0.8-1.5V, the scanning speed is 20-500 mV/s, the working mode is a differential mode for 0.5 times, 1.5 times or 2.5 times, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode; the vitamin D releasing agent comprises a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte, wherein the solvent is one or more of absolute ethyl alcohol, acetonitrile, acetone, dichloromethane and dimethylformamide, the inert supporting electrolyte is one or more of lithium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate, tetraphenylarsinium tetraphenylborate and tetrabutylammonium perchlorate, and the concentration of the inert supporting electrolyte is 0.01-2 mol/L.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the voltammetry comprises: when the vitamin E content in a blood sample is detected, the initial electrode potential of instrument parameters is-0.6-0.2V, the final electrode potential is 0.8-1.5V, the scanning speed is 20-500 mV/s, the working mode is a differential mode for 0.5 times, 1.5 times or 2.5 times, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode; the vitamin E releasing agent consists of a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte, wherein the solvent is one or more of absolute ethyl alcohol, acetonitrile, acetone, dichloromethane and dimethylformamide, the inert supporting electrolyte is one or more of lithium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate, tetraphenylarsinium tetraphenylborate and tetrabutylammonium perchlorate, and the concentration of the inert supporting electrolyte is 0.01-2 mol/L.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein the voltammetry comprises: when the content of vitamin K1 in a blood sample is detected, the initial electrode potential of instrument parameters is-0.2-0.4V, the final electrode potential is-0.8-1.5V, the scanning speed is 20-500 mV/s, the working mode is a differential mode of 0.5 times, 1.5 times or 2.5 times, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode; the vitamin K1 releasing agent is composed of a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte, wherein the solvent is one or more aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, boric acid, glacial acetic acid and citric acid, the concentration of the solvent is 0.01-5 mol/L, the inert supporting electrolyte is one or more of sodium sulfate, potassium chloride, sodium citrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate, and the concentration of the inert supporting electrolyte is 0.01-2 mol/L.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the voltammetry comprises: when the content of vitamin K3 in a blood sample is detected, the initial electrode potential of instrument parameters is-0.2-0.4V, the final electrode potential is-0.8-1.5V, the scanning speed is 20-500 mV/s, the working mode is a differential mode of 0.5 times, 1.5 times or 2.5 times, and the noise filtering is a low-pass mode; the vitamin K3 releasing agent consists of a solvent and an inert supporting electrolyte. The solvent is one or more aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, boric acid, glacial acetic acid and citric acid, the concentration of the solvent is 0.01-5 mol/L, the inert supporting electrolyte is one or more of sodium sulfate, potassium chloride, sodium citrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate, and the concentration of the inert supporting electrolyte is 0.01-2 mol/L.
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