CN110640553A - Method and device for hole polishing by electrolyzing and magnetically compounding - Google Patents
Method and device for hole polishing by electrolyzing and magnetically compounding Download PDFInfo
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- CN110640553A CN110640553A CN201910959435.1A CN201910959435A CN110640553A CN 110640553 A CN110640553 A CN 110640553A CN 201910959435 A CN201910959435 A CN 201910959435A CN 110640553 A CN110640553 A CN 110640553A
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- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B31/00—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor
- B24B31/006—Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work and/or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor for grinding the interior surfaces of hollow workpieces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
- B24B1/005—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes using a magnetic polishing agent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
- B24B47/10—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces
- B24B47/16—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces performing a reciprocating movement, e.g. during which the sense of rotation of the working-spindle is reversed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B57/00—Devices for feeding, applying, grading or recovering grinding, polishing or lapping agents
- B24B57/02—Devices for feeding, applying, grading or recovering grinding, polishing or lapping agents for feeding of fluid, sprayed, pulverised, or liquefied grinding, polishing or lapping agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
- C25F3/16—Polishing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic removal of material from objects; Servicing or operating
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for polishing holes by electrolyzing and magnetically compounding, which comprises a lathe part, a grinding mechanism and an electrolyzing mechanism; the lathe part comprises a lathe base, an axial lead screw motor, an axial lead screw, a main shaft box and a main shaft which is coaxial with the main shaft box, the lathe base is connected with a slide carriage box I and a slide carriage box II in a sliding mode, and the axial lead screw motor rotates to drive the axial lead screw to rotate, so that the slide carriage box I and the slide carriage box II synchronously feed axially; the workpiece is clamped on the main shaft, the liquid guide box is connected with the electrolyte tank, and the liquid guide box guides the reacted electrolyte into the electrolyte tank. The advantages are that: forming a layer of compact passivation film on the edge of the hole on the inner surface of the workpiece by the electrolytic solution, and rapidly removing the passivation film by combining magnetic grinding to remove burrs so as to obtain better hole circumferential degree; the surface of the workpiece is in non-rigid contact with the magnetic abrasive particles, so that the abrasion of the cutting edge of the magnetic abrasive particles is reduced, the workpiece is mechanically ground after electrolysis, and the defect that pits, spots and burrs are excessively dissolved after the hole is electrolyzed is eliminated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of polishing of hole walls on the inner surface of a pipe, and particularly relates to a method and a device for polishing holes by electrolytic magnetic force in a compounding manner.
Background
With the continuous progress of science and technology, pipes, screens and the like made of various materials and provided with holes with different diameters are used as important parts in the fields of aerospace, food industry, machinery, chemical equipment and atomic energy industry, the surface quality and the circumferential precision of the parts have great influence on the use of the whole equipment, so that the parts are indispensable to the accurate processing of the parts, and the edge processing and the high-efficiency processing of the holes on the pipes are difficult problems at present.
Magnetic grinding is a special precision machining method at present, but no matter the magnetic grinding technology is not ideal for the polishing effect of the pipe hole edge, such as: the common method of processing the edge of the hole of the polished pipe fitting by magnetic grinding is to use a magnetic needle, but the magnetic needle cannot accurately process the selected hole and is limited by the size of a processing device; and because the magnetic needle has certain length, the pressure for grinding and grinding the processing of the detail is insufficient, the grinding efficiency is low, and the quality of the inner wall of the hole and the processing of the circumferential degree of the hole are not ideal.
The magnetorheological polishing technology utilizes the principle that magnetorheological fluid generates rheology in a gradient magnetic field and relative motion between the magnetorheological fluid and a workpiece removes the surface material of the workpiece to machine the inner wall of a hole in the inner surface of a pipe fitting. However, the method has the problems of limited flowing speed of the magnetorheological fluid, low pressure, low polishing efficiency, high cost and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method and a device for electrolytic magnetic force composite polishing of a hole, which can efficiently remove burrs at the edge of the hole and ensure the quality and uniformity of the inner surface of the pipe; and then grinding the magnetic particles to remove burrs at the edges of the holes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a device for polishing holes by electrolyzing and compounding magnetic force comprises a lathe part, a grinding mechanism and an electrolyzing mechanism;
the lathe part comprises a lathe base, an axial lead screw motor, an axial lead screw, a main shaft box and a main shaft which is coaxial with the main shaft box, the lathe base is connected with a slide carriage box I and a slide carriage box II in a sliding mode, the slide carriage box I and the slide carriage box II are in threaded connection with the axial lead screw, and the axial lead screw motor rotates to drive the axial lead screw to rotate, so that the slide carriage box I and the slide carriage box II synchronously and axially feed; the workpiece is clamped on the main shaft, the liquid guide box is arranged on the outer side of the main shaft and is connected with the electrolyte tank, and the liquid guide box guides the reacted electrolyte into the electrolyte tank for secondary use; the electrolyte tank is provided with a filter screen;
the grinding mechanism comprises a grinding head and magnetic abrasive particles; the electrolysis mechanism comprises a liquid guide pipe, a copper pipe, a fastening screw, a hose, a peristaltic pump and a carbon brush; one end of the liquid guide pipe is vertically connected with a copper pipe and a grinding head, the other end of the liquid guide pipe is connected with a hose, the copper pipe and the grinding head are arranged vertically, the end part of the grinding head is a magnetic pole, magnetic abrasive particles are wrapped on the magnetic pole, the copper pipe is provided with a threaded hole, a fastening screw is in threaded connection with the copper pipe, and the tail end of the fastening screw abuts against the liquid guide; the carbon brush is fixed outside the liquid guide box, a cathode electrode of the electrolytic polishing corrosion instrument is connected with the hollow copper tube, an anode electrode of the electrolytic polishing corrosion instrument is connected with the carbon brush, the filtered electrolyte is absorbed by the hose from the electrolyte tank, the electrolyte is transmitted to the copper tube by the peristaltic pump, and the electrolyte flows to the workpiece from the outlet of the copper tube.
A supporting seat is fixed on the slide carriage box I, and a liquid guide pipe is clamped and fixed at the top of the supporting seat.
The peristaltic pump is arranged on the slide carriage box II.
The carbon brush is supported and fixed through the carbon brush supporting seat.
An insulating pad is arranged between the main shaft and the workpiece.
A method for polishing holes by electrolyzing and compounding magnetic force comprises the following steps:
1) clamping a workpiece on a lathe spindle, arranging an insulating pad, and uniformly mixing water-based grinding fluid and magnetic abrasive particles and adsorbing the mixture on a magnetic pole;
2) starting an axial lead screw motor, adjusting the position of a slide carriage box I, adjusting the position of a copper pipe by a fastening screw according to the inner diameter of a workpiece, and determining that the distance between a magnetic pole and the inner surface of the workpiece is kept at 2-3 mm;
4) adsorbing the magnetic abrasive particles and the water-based grinding fluid to the surface of the magnetic pole by a mixture prepared according to a ratio of 2: 1;
5) adding an electrolyte into an electrolyte tank;
6) clamping a workpiece by a lathe spindle to rotate, starting a peristaltic pump, sucking an electrolyte into the inner surface of the workpiece through a copper pipe, starting an electrolytic polishing corrosion instrument, and setting electrolytic voltage and time; the electrolyte flows through the hole wall on the surface of the workpiece, the copper pipe is connected with the cathode electrode, the carbon brush outside the workpiece is connected with the anode electrode, so that burrs on the hole wall and an oxide film generated by the reaction of air are ionized in the electrolyte, and a passivation film is generated at the burrs of the workpiece under the electrolytic action, so that the hardness of the surface layer of the hole wall is reduced;
7) the grinding head is axially fed at the stage to be processed, abrasive particles form a flexible magnetic brush under the action of a magnetic field, a workpiece is scratched, cut and electrolyzed to form a passivation film, the passivation film is generated through electrolysis, and burrs around the hole are quickly removed under the composite repeated action of removing the passivation film through magnetic grinding, so that the hole has better circumferential degree;
8) collecting electrolyte dropped during processing to an electrolyte tank by a liquid guide box on the lathe, and filtering for reuse;
9) after finishing surface processing, closing the peristaltic pump, the spindle box and the electrolytic polishing corrosion instrument; the axial sliding table of the lathe drives the grinding mechanism and the electrolysis mechanism to unload the workpiece in the direction away from the main shaft, observe and record the machining effect and clean the workbench.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention adopts an electrolytic magnetic force composite grinding mode, the electrolytic solution forms a layer of compact passive film at the edge of the hole on the inner surface of the workpiece, and the passive film is quickly removed by combining magnetic force grinding, so that the burr is removed to obtain better hole circumferential degree; the surface of the workpiece is in non-rigid contact with the magnetic abrasive particles, so that the abrasion of a cutting edge of the magnetic abrasive particles is reduced, the workpiece is mechanically ground after electrolysis, the defect that pits, spots and burrs generated after hole electrolysis are excessively dissolved is eliminated, the grinding rate is greatly improved, the using amount of the magnetic abrasive particles is reduced, and the service life of the workpiece is prolonged.
2. The invention can replace the corresponding magnetic pole head according to the size and the shape of the hole and carry out the profiling processing; the type, concentration and flow rate of the electrolyte can be changed according to the material property and hardness of the workpiece to be processed;
3. the copper pipe is connected with the liquid guide pipe by the fastening screw to form a telescopic structure, so that the gap between an electrolyte outlet and a workpiece can be changed conveniently for pipes with different diameters, the splashing of liquid is reduced, and the contact area between the electrolyte and a to-be-processed part is increased;
4. by adopting the design that the grinding head is vertical to the copper pipe, pipes with different diameters can be conveniently processed, the problems that how to electrolyze on a lathe and how to compound and polish a workpiece by using electrolyte and magnetic grinding are solved, and the problem that the electrolyte reacts with magnetic abrasive particles in advance when not in contact with the workpiece so that the electrolyte fails to participate in grinding can be effectively prevented.
5. The invention is suitable for processing holes with different diameters and pipes, and is suitable for production in small laboratories and large factories; the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, wide application, low cost, effective removal of hole edge burrs, accumulated burrs and the like, and good processing effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for electropolishing by electrolytic magnetic force.
FIG. 2 is a top view of an apparatus for electropolishing holes by electrolytic magnetic force recombination.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the machining principle of the grinding mechanism.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the installation of the carbon brush.
Figure 6 is a schematic view of the connection of the catheter to the copper tubing.
In the figure: 1-electrolytic polishing corrosion instrument 2-liquid guide tube 3-lathe base 4-slide carriage 5-carbon brush supporting seat 6-slide carriage box I7-transverse hand wheel 8-slide carriage box II 9-axial lead screw 10-axial lead screw motor 11-peristaltic pump 12-supporting seat 13-liquid guide box 14-main spindle box 15-cathode electrode wire 16-anode electrode wire 17-hose II 18-hose 19-electrolyte tank 20-copper tube 21-electrolyte 22-magnetic pole 23-magnetic abrasive particle 24-workpiece 25-fastening screw 26-carbon brush 27-anode electrode interface.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-5, an apparatus for electrolytic magnetic composite polishing of a hole includes a lathe portion, a grinding mechanism, and an electrolytic mechanism; the lathe part comprises a lathe base 3, an axial lead screw motor 10, an axial lead screw 9, a spindle box 14 and a spindle which is coaxial with the spindle box 14, wherein the lathe base 3 is connected with a slide carriage box I6 and a slide carriage box II 8 in a sliding mode, the slide carriage box I6 and the slide carriage box II 8 are connected with the axial lead screw 9 in a threaded mode, and the axial lead screw motor 10 rotates to drive the axial lead screw 9 to rotate, so that the slide carriage box I6 and the slide carriage box II 8 synchronously feed axially; a workpiece 24 is clamped on the main shaft, a liquid guide box 13 is arranged on the outer side of the main shaft and is connected with a lathe base 3 through a slide carriage 4, the liquid guide box 13 is connected with an electrolyte tank 19, and the liquid guide box 13 guides the electrolyte 21 after reaction into the electrolyte tank 19 for secondary use; the electrolyte tank 19 is provided with a filter screen which can be composed of a plurality of layers of filter screens with different apertures;
3-5, the grinding mechanism includes a grinding head, magnetic abrasive particles 23; the electrolysis mechanism comprises a catheter 2, a copper pipe 20, a hose 18, a peristaltic pump 11 and a carbon brush 26; one end of the catheter 2 is vertically connected with a copper tube 20 and a grinding head, the other end of the catheter is connected with the hose 18, the copper tube 20 and the grinding head are arranged vertically, the end part of the grinding head is a magnetic pole 22, magnetic abrasive particles 23 are wrapped on the magnetic pole 22, the copper tube 20 is provided with a threaded hole, a fastening screw 25 is in threaded connection with the copper tube 20, and the tail end of the fastening screw abuts against the catheter 2; the liquid guide pipe 2 can be an insulating layer wrapped outside a copper pipe; the carbon brush 26 is fixed outside the liquid guide box 13, the cathode electrode of the electrolytic polishing corrosion instrument 1 is connected with the hollow copper tube 20, the anode electrode is connected with the carbon brush 26, the hose 18 sucks the filtered electrolyte 21 from the electrolyte tank 19, the peristaltic pump 11 transmits the electrolyte 21 to the copper tube 20 from the hose 18, and the electrolyte flows to the workpiece 24 from the outlet of the copper tube 20. The burrs on the wall of the pipe fitting hole form an oxide film in the air, the peristaltic pump 11 absorbs the electrolyte 21 to the inner surface of the workpiece 24 (the pipe fitting with the hole), and the electrolyte ions soften the materials of the burrs in the electrolyte, so that the burrs can be quickly removed by magnetic grinding, and the speed is greatly improved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a support seat 12 is fixed on the carriage box I6, and the top of the support seat 12 clamps and fixes the liquid guide pipe 2. The peristaltic pump 11 is arranged on the slide carriage II 8. The carbon brush 26 is supported and fixed by the carbon brush support base 5, and the carbon brush support base 5 is provided with an anode electrode interface 27. An insulating pad is arranged between the main shaft and the workpiece 24 to prevent operators from getting electric shock in the machining process. The electropolishing corrosion meter 1 can use its control panel to adjust the electrolysis voltage, current and set the duration of electrolysis and the electrolysis time interval.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the method for polishing holes by electrolyzing and magnetically compounding comprises the following steps:
1) clamping a workpiece 24 on a lathe spindle, arranging an insulating pad, and uniformly mixing water-based grinding fluid and magnetic abrasive particles 23 and adsorbing the mixture on a magnetic pole 22; the water-based grinding fluid plays a role in accelerating the oxidation of burrs;
2) starting the axial lead screw motor 10, adjusting the position of the slide carriage box I6, and further determining that the distance between the magnetic pole 22 and the inner surface of the workpiece 24 is kept at 2-3 mm;
3) adding an electrolyte 21 to the electrolyte tank 19;
4) clamping a workpiece 24 by a lathe spindle to rotate, starting a peristaltic pump 11, sucking an electrolyte 21 into the inner surface of the workpiece 24 through a copper pipe 20, starting an electrolytic polishing corrosion instrument 1, and setting electrolytic voltage and time; the electrolyte 21 flows through the hole wall on the surface of the workpiece 24, the copper pipe 20 is connected with the cathode electrode, the carbon brush 26 outside the workpiece 24 is communicated with the anode electrode, so that the burrs on the hole wall and the air react to generate an oxide film which is ionized in the electrolyte, and a passivation film is generated at the burrs of the workpiece 24 under the electrolysis action, so that the hardness of the surface layer of the hole wall is reduced;
5) the grinding head is axially fed at the stage to be processed, abrasive particles form a flexible magnetic brush under the action of a magnetic field, burrs around the hole are scratched and cut off, and the hole has better circumferential degree;
in the operation process of the step 4) and the step 5), a transverse lead screw 9 is driven to longitudinally move along a horizontal plane through the rotation of a transverse hand wheel 7 (a lathe is provided with) on the slide carriage box I6, the distance between a grinding head and the surface of a workpiece 24 is adjusted, and the adjusting device is suitable for the conditions of small adjusting distance and high precision requirement; the axial lead screw motor 10 controls the grinding mechanism to move transversely in the workpiece 24 along the horizontal plane, so that uniform axial feeding of a region to be processed on the surface is facilitated, the axial feeding can be changed in length or in length along with the change of the length to be processed of the workpiece 24, the reciprocating feeding motion of the axial lead screw motor can be controlled to be uniform, and the periphery of a processed pipe fitting hole is uniform.
6) The electrolyte 21 dropping in the processing is collected to the electrolyte tank 19 by the liquid guide box 13 on the lathe, and the electrolyte is filtered and reused; the hose II 17 sucks the filtered electrolyte 21 from the electrolyte tank 19, the flow rate is controlled by the peristaltic pump 11, and the electrolyte 21 is transferred to the liquid guide tube 2 through the hose 18;
8) after finishing the surface processing, closing the peristaltic pump 11, the spindle box 14 and the electrolytic polishing corrosion instrument 1; the axial sliding table of the lathe drives the grinding mechanism and the electrolysis mechanism to unload the workpiece 24 in the direction away from the main shaft, observe and record the machining effect and clean the workbench.
The invention can efficiently remove and process burrs at the edges of the holes, can ensure the quality and uniformity of the inner surface of the pipe, and has low processing cost and good grinding effect.
Claims (6)
1. A device for polishing holes by electrolyzing and compounding magnetic force is characterized by comprising a lathe part, a grinding mechanism and an electrolyzing mechanism;
the lathe part comprises a lathe base, an axial lead screw motor, an axial lead screw, a main shaft box and a main shaft which is coaxial with the main shaft box, the lathe base is connected with a slide carriage box I and a slide carriage box II in a sliding mode, the slide carriage box I and the slide carriage box II are in threaded connection with the axial lead screw, and the axial lead screw motor rotates to drive the axial lead screw to rotate, so that the slide carriage box I and the slide carriage box II synchronously and axially feed; the workpiece is clamped on the main shaft, the liquid guide box is arranged on the outer side of the main shaft and is connected with the electrolyte tank, and the liquid guide box guides the reacted electrolyte into the electrolyte tank for secondary use; the electrolyte tank is provided with a filter screen;
the grinding mechanism comprises a grinding head and magnetic abrasive particles; the electrolysis mechanism comprises a liquid guide pipe, a copper pipe, a fastening screw, a hose, a peristaltic pump and a carbon brush; one end of the liquid guide pipe is vertically connected with a copper pipe and a grinding head, the other end of the liquid guide pipe is connected with a hose, the copper pipe and the grinding head are arranged vertically, the end part of the grinding head is a magnetic pole, magnetic abrasive particles are wrapped on the magnetic pole, the copper pipe is provided with a threaded hole, a fastening screw is in threaded connection with the copper pipe, and the tail end of the fastening screw abuts against the liquid guide; the carbon brush is fixed outside the liquid guide box, a cathode electrode of the electrolytic polishing corrosion instrument is connected with the hollow copper tube, an anode electrode of the electrolytic polishing corrosion instrument is connected with the carbon brush, the filtered electrolyte is absorbed by the hose from the electrolyte tank, the electrolyte is transmitted to the copper tube by the peristaltic pump, and the electrolyte flows to the workpiece from the outlet of the copper tube.
2. The device for electrolytically and magnetically polishing holes in composite mode according to claim 1, wherein the slide carriage box I is fixed with a support seat, and the top of the support seat is clamped and fixed with the liquid guide pipe.
3. An apparatus for electrokinetic magnetic composite polishing of holes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the peristaltic pump is disposed on a slide carriage II.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the carbon brush is supported and fixed by a carbon brush support.
5. An apparatus for electropolishing a hole according to claim 1, wherein an insulating pad is disposed between said spindle and the workpiece.
6. An electrolytic magnetic composite polishing method for a hole realized by the device of any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) clamping a workpiece on a lathe spindle, arranging an insulating pad, and uniformly mixing water-based grinding fluid and magnetic abrasive particles and adsorbing the mixture on a magnetic pole;
2) starting an axial lead screw motor, adjusting the position of a slide carriage box I, adjusting the position of a copper pipe by a fastening screw according to the inner diameter of a workpiece, and determining that the distance between a magnetic pole and the inner surface of the workpiece is kept at 2-3 mm;
4) adsorbing the magnetic abrasive particles and the water-based grinding fluid to the surface of the magnetic pole by a mixture prepared according to a ratio of 2: 1;
5) adding an electrolyte into an electrolyte tank;
6) clamping a workpiece by a lathe spindle to rotate, starting a peristaltic pump, sucking an electrolyte into the inner surface of the workpiece through a copper pipe, starting an electrolytic polishing corrosion instrument, and setting electrolytic voltage and time; the electrolyte flows through the hole wall on the surface of the workpiece, the copper pipe is connected with the cathode electrode, the carbon brush outside the workpiece is connected with the anode electrode, so that burrs on the hole wall and an oxide film generated by the reaction of air are ionized in the electrolyte, and a passivation film is generated at the burrs of the workpiece under the electrolytic action, so that the hardness of the surface layer of the hole wall is reduced;
7) the grinding head is axially fed at the stage to be processed, abrasive particles form a flexible magnetic brush under the action of a magnetic field, a workpiece is scratched, cut and electrolyzed to form a passivation film, the passivation film is generated through electrolysis, and burrs around the hole are quickly removed under the composite repeated action of removing the passivation film through magnetic grinding, so that the hole has better circumferential degree;
8) collecting electrolyte dropped during processing to an electrolyte tank by a liquid guide box on the lathe, and filtering for reuse;
9) after finishing surface processing, closing the peristaltic pump, the spindle box and the electrolytic polishing corrosion instrument; the axial sliding table of the lathe drives the grinding mechanism and the electrolysis mechanism to unload the workpiece in the direction away from the main shaft, observe and record the machining effect and clean the workbench.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910959435.1A CN110640553A (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2019-10-10 | Method and device for hole polishing by electrolyzing and magnetically compounding |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910959435.1A CN110640553A (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2019-10-10 | Method and device for hole polishing by electrolyzing and magnetically compounding |
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| CN110640553A true CN110640553A (en) | 2020-01-03 |
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| CN201910959435.1A Pending CN110640553A (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2019-10-10 | Method and device for hole polishing by electrolyzing and magnetically compounding |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112247295A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-22 | 淮阴工学院 | Rotary magnetic fluid auxiliary grinding trepanning material electrolysis composite processing device and method |
| CN113997188A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-02-01 | 太原科技大学 | Precise pipe electrolysis and mechanical composite polishing device and method |
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| JPH05329766A (en) * | 1992-05-28 | 1993-12-14 | Toubu M X Kk | Method and device for effecting magnetic polishing of inner surface of container |
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