CN110640322A

CN110640322A - Wire drive feed unit in laser vibration material disk send silk usefulness

Info

Publication number: CN110640322A
Application number: CN201911027004.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱刚贤; 赵亮; 王丽芳; 李广琪; 石世宏
Original assignee: Suzhou University
Current assignee: Suzhou University
Priority date: 2019-10-26
Filing date: 2019-10-26
Publication date: 2020-01-03

Abstract

The invention relates to an optical internal wire feeding device for wire feeding in laser additive manufacturing, which comprises a wire feeding pipeline and a light path unit, wherein the light path unit comprises a laser connector, a collimation module, a light splitting module and a light path steering module, the light path steering module is provided with a light path reflecting mirror surface capable of enabling a light path to be downwards reflected, the light splitting module comprises a light splitter and reflecting mirrors which are in one-to-one correspondence with the mirror surfaces of the light splitter and capable of reflecting light beams to the reflecting mirror surfaces, the reflecting mirror surfaces are obliquely arranged and are positioned on the bottom surface of the light path steering module, the wire feeding pipeline penetrates out of the light path steering module from top to bottom, and a wire outlet of. In the wire conveying process, the wire is kept to be vertically fed, the vertical angle is kept to enter a molten pool in the whole process, and meanwhile, a laser beam forms a laser focus collinear with the center of a wire feeding pipeline in a converging, shunting and converging mode, so that the light beam and the wire are coaxial when entering the molten pool, the angle change in the wire feeding process is avoided, and the forming precision is improved.

Description

Wire drive feed unit in laser vibration material disk send silk usefulness

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of laser additive manufacturing equipment, and particularly relates to an optical internal wire feeding device for wire feeding in laser additive manufacturing.

Background

The laser additive manufacturing technology is an advanced manufacturing technology which takes powder or wire materials as raw materials and can directly manufacture metal parts with full compactness and excellent mechanical property by high-power laser melting/rapid solidification layer by layer accumulation, and has wide application prospect in the fields of aerospace, automobiles, ships, weaponry and the like. The synchronous additive manufacturing technology based on wire feeding has the advantages that the metal wire is conveyed in a rigid mode, so that the dispersibility is avoided, the material utilization rate is almost 100%, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, the roughness of the cladding surface is low, and the problem caused by powder feeding can be avoided. In addition, the wire material is relatively low in cost and easy to obtain, and meanwhile, the wire material has the advantages of easiness in realizing accurate control, high feeding speed and the like, and the wire feeding cladding is considered to have a great development space.

At present, the wire feeding mode mostly adopts a lateral 'light outside' wire feeding method, namely, a wire material is fed into a molten pool generated by laser through the outside of a laser beam, the method has the problems of limitation of scanning directionality, incapability of ensuring accurate coupling of light and the wire and the like, and the wide application of the 'light outside' wire feeding cladding technology is limited. In order to solve the problem of 'outside light' wire feeding, the Shishihong and the like propose a novel 'inside light' coaxial wire feeding cladding method. The method utilizes the characteristic of easy change of light beams to change incident solid circular laser beams in a spray head device, so that a hollow conical no-light area is formed inside focused laser beams projected onto a forming surface, and a single wire feeding nozzle can be arranged in the no-light area and is coaxial with the focused laser beams. The influence of scanning directivity of an 'optical outside' wire feeding method can be eliminated, and meanwhile, accurate coupling of light and wires can be realized.

However, in the existing optical internal wire feeding additive manufacturing process, because the wire is bent to transit and vertically enters the molten pool, the wire feeding angle is gradually changed in the wire conveying process, certain deflection of the wire is caused due to stress release after the wire is separated from the wire feeding pipe, the molten pool is unstable, and the wire feeding forming quality is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an improved optical internal wire feeding device for wire feeding in laser additive manufacturing.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an optical internal wire feeding device for wire feeding in laser additive manufacturing comprises a wire feeding pipeline and a light path unit, wherein the light path unit comprises a laser connector, a collimation module, a light splitting module and a light path turning module, the light path turning module is provided with a light path reflecting mirror surface capable of enabling a light path to face downwards, the light splitting module comprises a light splitting mirror and reflecting mirrors, the reflecting mirrors correspond to the mirror surfaces of the light splitting mirror one by one and can reflect light beams to the reflecting mirror surface, the reflecting mirror surface is obliquely arranged and is positioned at the bottom surface of the light path turning module, the wire feeding pipeline penetrates out of the light path turning module from top to bottom, and a wire outlet of the wire feeding pipeline is positioned; the light beam emitted from the laser forms parallel light beams under the alignment of the alignment module, the parallel light beams are divided into at least two light paths under the spectroscope, each light path is reflected to the corresponding reflector, the light paths are reflected to the reflector surface by the reflector, and then two or more light paths are reflected downwards by the reflector surface to form a convergence focus, wherein the convergence focus is positioned below the wire outlet of the wire feeding pipeline, and the center of the convergence focus is collinear with the center of the wire feeding pipeline.

Preferably, the parallel light beams are horizontally arranged, the wire feeding pipeline extends vertically downwards, and the reflecting mirror surface reflects the plurality of light paths vertically downwards.

According to a specific implementation and preferred aspect of the present invention, a light beam channel is formed inside the laser connector, the collimating module is in butt joint with the laser connector and can collimate the light beam into a parallel light beam, the internal light wire feeding device further includes a light shield, an annular seat connected to one end of the light shield, and an annular cover detachably connected to the annular seat, wherein a light beam through hole is formed in the annular cover, the collimating module is in butt joint with the annular cover, the parallel light beam is emitted into the annular cover from the light beam through hole, the light splitter is disposed in an annular cavity formed by the annular seat through a support rod, the reflector is disposed on an inner wall of the annular cover and corresponds to a mirror surface of the light splitter, and the light path turning module.

Preferably, the annular seat includes with annular lid screw-thread fit's annular body, set up the annular location strip inside the annular body, branch along the radial extension of annular location strip and fix on annular location strip, the spectroscope sets up the one side at branch from the base, and the spectroscope face towards the inner wall of annular body.

Furthermore, the spectroscope extends along the length direction of branch, and has two mirror surfaces that are located the relative both sides of branch, and the speculum corresponds there to be two, and axial symmetry sets up the relative both sides of annular lid inner wall.

Specifically, the length of the beam splitter is greater than or equal to the aperture of the beam through hole. This ensures that no un-branched light beam is present.

Preferably, the reflector extends along the circumferential direction of the annular cover and is in an arc-shaped segment, and the reflector can be movably adjusted on the annular cover along the radial direction of the annular cover through an external connector. Therefore, the focusing adjustment can be carried out on the reflector, so that the finally converged laser beam and the wire material are coaxial.

According to a specific implementation and preferred aspect of the invention, the mirror surface of the spectroscope is an arc-shaped reflecting surface which is recessed inwards from the surface, and the arc-shaped reflecting surface is correspondingly arranged on the mirror surface of the arc-shaped section reflecting mirror. The arc-shaped reflecting surface can play a good light-gathering effect, so that laser energy can be fully used.

Preferably, the outer diameter of the light shield gradually decreases from the end part where the annular seat is located to the end part where the light path steering module is located, the wire feeding device in the light further comprises a connecting sleeve for butting the light shield with the light path steering module, wherein an unfilled corner matched with the light path steering module in shape is formed on the connecting sleeve, and the bottom surface of the connecting sleeve is communicated with the outside.

In this example, the connecting sleeve and the light path steering module are butted through the external connecting piece to form a square body.

In addition, a sleeve pipe penetrating through the top surface and the bottom surface of the light path turning module from top to bottom is arranged on the light path turning module, and the wire feeding pipeline is arranged in the sleeve pipe.

Preferably, the wire feeding pipeline comprises a wire feeding channel positioned inside and a protective gas channel positioned at the periphery of the wire feeding channel, wherein a wire outlet is correspondingly arranged at the bottom of the wire feeding channel, and an outlet of the protective gas channel is also arranged at the bottom, so that the wire is subjected to hot melting in the atmosphere formed by the protective gas.

Due to the implementation of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

in the wire conveying process, the wire is kept to be vertically fed, the vertical angle is kept to enter a molten pool in the whole process, and meanwhile, a laser beam forms a laser focus collinear with the center of a wire feeding pipeline in a converging, shunting and converging mode, so that the light beam and the wire are coaxial when entering the molten pool, the angle change in the wire feeding process is avoided, and the forming precision is improved.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an internal light wire feeding device according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the light path of the present invention (1);

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the light path of the present invention (2);

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the optical path at a different location in FIGS. 5 and 6;

1. a wire feeding pipeline; 1a, a silk outlet;

2. an optical path unit; 20. a laser connector; 21. a collimation module; 22. a light splitting module; 220. a beam splitter; b. a mirror surface; 221. a mirror; 23. a light path turning module; a. a mirror surface;

3. a photomask;

4. an annular seat; 40. an annular body; 41. an annular positioning strip; c. a strut;

5. an annular cover; 50. a light beam through hole;

6. connecting sleeves; 60. unfilled corners;

7. a sleeve.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. This application is capable of embodiments in many different forms than those described herein and that modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application and it is therefore not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the present application.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the optical internal wire feeder for wire feeding in laser additive manufacturing includes a wire feeding pipeline 1 and an optical path unit 2.

The optical path unit 2 includes a laser connector 20, a collimating module 21, a beam splitting module 22, and an optical path turning module 23 having a downward reflecting mirror surface a, wherein the beam splitting module 22 includes a beam splitter 220 and a reflecting mirror 221 corresponding to the mirror surface b of the beam splitter 220 one-to-one and capable of reflecting the light beam to the reflecting mirror surface a.

Specifically, the reflecting mirror surface a is disposed obliquely and located on the bottom surface of the light path turning module 23, the wire feeding pipeline 1 penetrates through the light path turning module 23 from top to bottom, and the wire outlet 1a of the wire feeding pipeline 1 is located below the reflecting mirror surface a.

A light beam channel is formed inside the laser connector 20, and the collimating module 21 is in butt joint with the laser connector 20 and can collimate the light beam into a parallel light beam.

The in-light wire feeding device further comprises a light shield 3, an annular seat 4 connected to one end of the light shield 3, and an annular cover 5 detachably connected to the annular seat 4, wherein a light beam through hole 50 is formed in the annular cover 5, the collimation module 21 is in butt joint with the annular cover 5, and parallel light beams are emitted into the annular cover 5 from the light beam through hole 50.

The beam splitter 220 is disposed in an annular cavity formed by the annular base 4 through a support rod c, and the reflector 221 is disposed on the inner wall of the annular cover 5 and is disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the mirror surface of the beam splitter 221.

The annular seat 4 comprises an annular body 40 in threaded fit with the annular cover 5 and an annular positioning strip 41 arranged inside the annular body 40, the supporting rod c extends along the radial direction of the annular positioning strip 41 and is fixed on the annular positioning strip 41, the spectroscope 220 is arranged on one side of the supporting rod c from the base, and the mirror surface of the spectroscope 220 faces the inner wall of the annular body 40.

The beam splitter 220 extends along the length direction of the support rod c and has two mirror surfaces b located at two opposite sides of the support rod c, and two reflectors 221 are correspondingly provided and axially symmetrically disposed at two opposite sides of the inner wall of the annular cover 5.

The length of the beam splitter 220 is greater than the aperture of the beam through hole 50. This ensures that no un-branched light beam is present.

The reflector 221 extends circumferentially along the annular cover 5 and is in an arc segment, and is movably adjustable on the annular cover 5 along the radial direction of the annular cover 5 through an external piece. In this way, the mirror 221 can be focus adjusted so that the finally focused laser beam is coaxial with the filament.

Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 5 to 7, the mirror surface b of the beam splitter 220 is an arc-shaped reflecting surface recessed inwards from the surface, and an arc-shaped reflecting surface is correspondingly disposed on the mirror surface d of the arc-shaped segment reflecting mirror 221. The arc-shaped reflecting surface can play a good light-gathering effect, so that laser energy can be fully used.

The outer diameter of the light shield 3 gradually decreases from the end where the annular seat 4 is located to the end where the light path turning module 24 is located, the internal light wire feeding device further comprises a connecting sleeve 6 for butting the light shield 3 and the light path turning module 24, wherein an unfilled corner 60 matched with the light path turning module 24 in shape is formed on the connecting sleeve 6, and the bottom surface of the connecting sleeve 6 is communicated with the outside.

In this example, the connection sleeve 6 and the light path turning module 24 are butted by an external connection member to form a square body. Meanwhile, the connecting sleeve 6 and the light shield 3 are integrally formed.

In addition, a sleeve 7 is mounted on the light path turning module 24 and penetrates through the top and bottom surfaces of the light path turning module 24 from top to bottom, and the wire feeding pipeline 1 is disposed in the sleeve 7.

The wire feeding pipeline 1 comprises a wire feeding channel 10 positioned inside and a protective gas channel 11 positioned at the periphery of the wire feeding channel 10, wherein a wire outlet 1a is correspondingly arranged at the bottom of the wire feeding channel 10, and an outlet 1b of the protective gas channel 11 is also arranged at the bottom, so that wires are subjected to hot melting in the atmosphere formed by the protective gas.

To sum up, after the light beam emitted from the laser enters the light beam channel inside the laser connector 20, the light beam is collimated by the collimating module 21 and emitted to the right in the horizontal direction (the formed parallel light beam), and irradiates onto the light beam splitter 220 with arc reflection through the light beam through hole 50, the light beam is collected by the arc reflection surface of the light beam splitter 220 and reflected to the corresponding arc section reflector 221 in two light paths, respectively, the light path is reflected to the reflection mirror surface a by the arc reflection surface on the reflector 221, and then the two light paths are reflected downward by the reflection mirror surface a to form a convergence focus, at this time, the wire material inside the wire feeding channel is fed vertically downward, the light path is reflected downward from both sides to converge, therefore, there is no interference between the wire material and the light path, and it can be ensured that the light beam and the wire material are coaxial when entering the molten pool, so that the change of angle during wire feeding can be effectively avoided, the forming precision is improved.

The present invention has been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a wire drive feed unit in laser vibration material disk send a usefulness, its includes send a pipeline and light path unit, its characterized in that:

the light path unit comprises a laser connector, a collimation module, a light splitting module and a light path steering module, wherein the light path steering module is provided with a light path downward reflecting mirror surface, the light splitting module comprises a light splitting mirror and reflecting mirrors which correspond to the mirror surface of the light splitting mirror one by one and can reflect light beams to the reflecting mirror surface, the reflecting mirror surface is obliquely arranged and is positioned on the bottom surface of the light path steering module,

the wire feeding pipeline penetrates out of the light path steering module from top to bottom, and a wire outlet of the wire feeding pipeline is positioned below the reflecting mirror surface;

the light beam emitted from the laser forms parallel light beams under the alignment of the alignment module, the parallel light beams are divided into at least two light paths under the spectroscope, each light path is reflected to the corresponding reflector, the reflector reflects the light path to the reflector surface, and then the reflector surface reflects two or more light paths downwards to form a convergence focus, wherein the convergence focus is positioned below the wire outlet of the wire feeding pipeline, and the center of the convergence focus is collinear with the center of the wire feeding pipeline.

2. The optical internal wire feeder for wire feeding in laser additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: the parallel light beams are horizontally arranged, the wire feeding pipeline vertically extends downwards, and the reflecting mirror surface vertically reflects a plurality of light paths downwards.

3. The optical internal wire feeder for wire feeding in laser additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: the inside beam passage that forms of laser connector, collimation module with the butt joint of laser connector just can form parallel light beam with the light beam alignment, wire drive feed unit still includes the light cover in the light, connects the annular seat of light cover one end, can dismantle the connection and be in annular cover on the annular seat, wherein the annular cover on be equipped with the light beam through-hole, collimation module with the butt joint of annular cover, parallel light beam certainly the light beam through-hole jets into in the annular cover, the spectroscope passes through the annular cavity that branch setting formed at the annular seat, the speculum setting be in annular cover inner wall, with the mirror surface of spectroscope correspond the setting, the light path turn to the module and connect another tip of light cover.

4. The optical internal wire feeder for wire feeding in laser additive manufacturing according to claim 3, wherein: annular seat include with annular lid screw-thread fit's annular body, setting are in the inside annular location strip of annular body, branch along the radial extension of annular location strip and fixing on the annular location strip, the spectroscope from the base setting be in one side of branch, just the mirror surface orientation of spectroscope the inner wall of annular body.

5. The optical internal wire feeder for wire feeding in laser additive manufacturing according to claim 4, wherein: the spectroscope extend along the length direction of the supporting rod, the spectroscope is provided with two mirror surfaces which are positioned at two opposite sides of the supporting rod, the two reflectors are correspondingly arranged, and the two opposite sides of the inner wall of the annular cover are axially symmetrically arranged.

6. The optical internal wire feeder for wire feeding in laser additive manufacturing according to claim 5, wherein: the length of the spectroscope is greater than or equal to the aperture of the light beam through hole.

7. The optical internal wire feeder for wire feeding in laser additive manufacturing according to claim 5, wherein: the reflector extends along the circumferential direction of the annular cover and is in an arc section, and the reflector can be movably adjusted on the annular cover along the radial direction of the annular cover through an external piece.

8. The optical internal wire feeder for wire feeding in laser additive manufacturing according to claim 7, wherein: the mirror surface of the spectroscope is an arc-shaped reflecting surface which is sunken inwards from the surface, and the arc-shaped reflecting surface is correspondingly arranged on the mirror surface of the reflecting mirror at the arc-shaped section.

9. The optical internal wire feeder for wire feeding in laser additive manufacturing according to claim 3, wherein: the light shield is from annular seat place tip to light path turns to module place tip external diameter and diminishes gradually, light in wire drive feed unit still including be used for with the light shield with the light path turns to the adapter sleeve of module butt joint, wherein be formed with the appearance on the adapter sleeve with light path turns to the module and matches the unfilled corner, just the bottom surface of adapter sleeve link up the setting with external.

10. The optical internal wire feeder for wire feeding in laser additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: the wire feeding pipeline comprises a wire feeding channel positioned inside and a protective gas channel positioned on the periphery of the wire feeding channel.