CN110637945A - Front-middle-rear three-stage fully-matured puffed compound feed composition for breeding tiger shrimps and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Front-middle-rear three-stage fully-matured puffed compound feed composition for breeding tiger shrimps and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic product compound feeds, and particularly relates to a front-middle-rear three-stage fully-matured puffed compound feed composition for tiger shrimp culture and a preparation method thereof. The invention achieves the effect that the three feeds respectively correspond to the breeding of the tiger shrimps in the front, middle and rear three periods by mainly adjusting the protein content in the feed composition. The full-ripened puffed compound feed has the advantages that the feed in the front, middle and rear three stages can meet the requirements of the breeding of the tiger shrimps in the front, middle and rear three stages in a targeted manner, the breeding speed and the finished product specification of the tiger shrimps are integrally improved, the stability in water of the full-ripened puffed compound feed is high, the nitrogen emission is low, the residual feed rate is low, the feed in the front, middle and rear three stages is independently prepared and does not influence each other, and the basic advantages of the full-ripened puffed technology are obvious.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic product compound feeds, and particularly relates to a front-middle-rear three-stage fully-matured puffed compound feed composition for tiger shrimp culture and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The tiger shrimp, also called Jingangprawn, refers to a kind of giant size and stripe, the meat quality is delicious, and culture time is short, growth rate is fast, the survival rate is high, the disease resistance is strong, the shrimp body is esthetic after cooking, a marine product shrimp very popular with consumers.
The fully-cooked puffed compound feed is a feed produced by applying a nutriology regulation and control technology and a green health-care regulation and control technology and adopting a novel process of a double-shaft extrusion puffing technology, and has the advantages of easiness in digestion and absorption, low nitrogen emission and low residual feed rate.
On the other hand, the existing tiger shrimp feed is fed all the time in the front, middle and later stages of the growth process, so that the problem that the feed composition and the nutrient components required by different growth stages cannot completely correspond to each other is caused, and finally the problems of too slow growth and small specification of the tiger shrimp are caused, so that a high-adaptability tiger shrimp feed aiming at the front, middle and later stages is urgently needed in the market.
The patent publication No. CN103082113A, Chinese patent invention with publication No. 2013.05.08, discloses a feed for adult freshwater shrimps, which comprises the following components: 35-40 parts of wheat bran, 28-32 parts of peanut cake, 28-32 parts of fish meal and 2-4 parts of clam shell powder.
However, the feed disclosed in the patent of the invention has the problem that different nutritional requirements of the early, middle and later stages cannot be met in a targeted manner.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a front-middle-rear three-stage fully-matured puffed compound feed composition for breeding tiger shrimps and a preparation method thereof, which can achieve the effect that three kinds of feeds respectively correspond to the front-middle-rear three-stage tiger shrimp breeding by mainly adjusting the protein content in the feed composition. The full-ripened puffed compound feed has the advantages that the feed in the front, middle and rear three stages can meet the requirements of the breeding of the tiger shrimps in the front, middle and rear three stages in a targeted manner, the breeding speed and the finished product specification of the tiger shrimps are integrally improved, the stability in water of the full-ripened puffed compound feed is high, the nitrogen emission is low, the residual feed rate is low, the feed in the front, middle and rear three stages is independently prepared and does not influence each other, and the basic advantages of the full-ripened puffed technology are obvious.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: a front-middle-rear three-stage fully-cooked puffed compound feed composition for breeding tigers and shrimps comprises a tiger and shrimp early-stage feed, a tiger and shrimp middle-stage feed and a tiger and shrimp later-stage feed which are all fully-cooked puffed compound feeds, wherein the material compositions of the tiger and shrimp early-stage feed, the tiger and shrimp middle-stage feed and the tiger and shrimp later-stage feed all comprise a protein group, a starch group, mineral substances, grease, a phagostimulant, a medicinal agent and an additive.
In the invention, the different requirements of the old tiger shrimp on nutrient substances in the three periods of the early first month period, the middle second month period and the later third fourth month period are met in a targeted manner by the different contents of protein and other auxiliary components, and the quick and healthy growth of the old tiger shrimp and the standard reaching of the product specification can be ensured only by carrying out sufficient and proper nutrient feeding on the early, middle and later periods.
The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: the protein group comprises steam-dried fish meal, and the weight ratio of the steam-dried fish meal in the early-stage feed of the tiger shrimps, the middle-stage feed of the tiger shrimps and the later-stage feed of the tiger shrimps is 45-53%, 35-43% and 30-38% respectively.
In the invention, the three different protein content ranges ensure different protein requirements in the first, middle and last three stages, and do not cause nutrient and economic waste.
The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: the phagostimulant comprises hermetia illucens, shrimp chaff and squid liver paste.
In the invention, the hermetia illucens has the fat content of 30 percent and good food calling performance, contains natural antibacterial peptide and can effectively prevent enteritis and other diseases, and the shrimp bran and the squid paste also play a role of a food calling agent, and the shrimp bran contains shelling stimulin, so that shelling of the tiger shrimps can be effectively promoted, and the growth of the tiger shrimps is promoted.
The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: the medicinal agent comprises choline chloride, vitamins, VC ester and astaxanthin, and the astaxanthin is added in the form of shrimp and crab shell powder with the net astaxanthin content of 10%.
In the invention, the astaxanthin (10% net content) can effectively improve the body color of the tiger shrimps, has good effect on the red shrimp shells, and further improves the commodity value.
The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: the additives include antioxidants and mold inhibitors.
The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: the proteome also comprises chicken powder and peeled soybean meal, wherein the weight percentage of the peeled soybean meal in the early-stage feed of the tiger shrimps, the middle-stage feed of the tiger shrimps and the later-stage feed of the tiger shrimps is 7-20%, 17-30% and 17-30% respectively.
In the invention, the chicken powder and the peeled soybean meal are used as animal protein and vegetable protein to replace part of fish meal, thereby reducing the cost.
The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: the weight ratio of the starch group content in the early-stage feed of the tigers and the shrimps, the middle-stage feed of the tigers and the late-stage feed of the tigers and the shrimps is less than or equal to 15%, and the water stability time of the early-stage feed of the tigers and the middle-stage feed of the tigers and the late-stage feed of the tigers and the shrimps is more than 2 hours.
In the invention, if the content of the starch group is higher than 15%, the feed particles are easy to disperse in water, the feeding of the tiger shrimps is not facilitated, and the ammonia nitrogen content of the water body is increased.
A preparation method of a puffed compound feed composition for the three stages of full maturation of the front, middle and rear of the tiger shrimp culture sequentially comprises the following steps:
s1, material proportioning, and performing coarse crushing and coarse screening in sequence to obtain a first fine material;
s2, carrying out superfine grinding and fine screening on the first fine material to obtain a second fine material;
s3, hardening and tempering the water content of the second fine material to obtain an early-stage material;
s4, heating and tempering the early-stage material to obtain a later-stage material;
s5, sequentially carrying out curing, puffing, drying and cooling operations on the later-period feed to obtain the final compound feed,
the early-stage feed for the tiger shrimps, the middle-stage feed for the tiger shrimps and the later-stage feed for the tiger shrimps are independently prepared, the particle size of the early-stage feed for the tiger shrimps is 0.8mm, and the particle size of the middle-stage feed for the tiger shrimps and the particle size of the later-stage feed for the tiger shrimps is 1.0 mm.
The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: in step S1, coarsely screening and sieving with 8-10 mesh sieve; in step S2, fine screening and 80-mesh sieving are carried out; in step S3, the moisture content is adjusted to 10-12%.
In the present invention, the pass rate of the fine screening is 98% or more, and the time of the water conditioning operation is at least 180 seconds.
The further preferred technical scheme is as follows: in step S4, the temperature for heating and tempering is 100-105 ℃; in step S5, the puffing steam pressure is 0.25-0.4MPa, and the puffing coefficient is 1.1.
The invention achieves the effect that the three feeds respectively correspond to the breeding of the tiger shrimps in the front, middle and rear three periods by mainly adjusting the protein content in the feed composition. The full-ripened puffed compound feed has the advantages that the feed in the front, middle and rear three stages can meet the requirements of the breeding of the tiger shrimps in the front, middle and rear three stages in a targeted manner, the breeding speed and the finished product specification of the tiger shrimps are integrally improved, the stability in water of the full-ripened puffed compound feed is high, the nitrogen emission is low, the residual feed rate is low, the feed in the front, middle and rear three stages is independently prepared and does not influence each other, and the basic advantages of the full-ripened puffed technology are obvious.
Detailed Description
The following description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Example (b): the front, middle and rear three-stage fully-cooked puffed compound feed composition for breeding the tigers and the shrimps comprises a tiger and shrimp early-stage feed, a tiger and shrimp middle-stage feed and a tiger and shrimp later-stage feed, wherein the feed is a fully-cooked puffed compound feed, and the tiger and shrimp early-stage feed comprises the following materials in percentage by weight: 45% of steam-dried fish meal, 15% of high gluten flour, 8% of chicken meal, 7% of peeled soybean meal, 2% of hermetia illucens, 2% of fish oil, 3% of soybean phospholipid oil, 2% of mineral salt, 2% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.4% of choline chloride, 10% of shrimp bran, 3% of squid paste, 0.15% of multivitamin, 0.2% of VC ester, 0.05% of antioxidant, 0.1% of mildew preventive and 0.1% of astaxanthin-10% net-content shrimp crab shell powder.
The feed is characterized in that the mineral salt in the feed is other existing suitable mineral salt types different from monocalcium phosphate, the multivitamins are multivitamin combinations suitable for the growth of the old tiger shrimps in the middle and later periods, the antioxidant and the mildew preventive are common existing antioxidant and mildew preventive in compound feed, the protein group comprises steam-dried fish meal, chicken meal and peeled soybean meal, the starch group comprises high-gluten flour, the grease comprises fish oil and soybean phospholipid oil, and the medicinal agent comprises choline chloride, multivitamin, VC ester and astaxanthin.
The medium-term feed for the tiger shrimps comprises the following materials in percentage by weight: 35% of steam-dried fish meal, 15% of high gluten flour, 8% of chicken meal, 17% of peeled soybean meal, 2% of hermetia illucens, 2% of fish oil, 3% of soybean phospholipid oil, 2% of mineral salt, 2% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.4% of choline chloride, 10% of shrimp bran, 3% of squid paste, 0.15% of multivitamin, 0.2% of VC ester, 0.05% of antioxidant, 0.1% of mildew preventive and 0.1% of astaxanthin-10% net-content shrimp crab shell powder.
The late-stage feed for the tiger shrimps comprises the following materials in percentage by weight: 35% of steam-dried fish meal, 13% of high gluten flour, 5% of chicken meal, 20% of peeled soybean meal, 6% of hermetia illucens, 3% of fish oil, 2% of soybean phospholipid oil, 2% of mineral salt, 1% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.4% of choline chloride, 10% of shrimp bran, 2% of squid paste, 0.25% of multivitamins, 0.1% of VC ester, 0.05% of antioxidant, 0.1% of mildew preventive and 0.1% of astaxanthin-10% net-content shrimp crab shell meal.
The preparation method of the feed for the three stages of the front, middle and back comprises the following steps in sequence:
s1, material proportioning, and performing coarse crushing and coarse screening in sequence to obtain a first fine material;
s2, carrying out superfine grinding and fine screening on the first fine material to obtain a second fine material;
s3, hardening and tempering the water content of the second fine material to obtain an early-stage material;
s4, heating and tempering the early-stage material to obtain a later-stage material;
s5, sequentially carrying out curing, puffing, drying and cooling operations on the later-period feed to obtain the final compound feed,
the early-stage feed for the tiger shrimps, the middle-stage feed for the tiger shrimps and the later-stage feed for the tiger shrimps are independently prepared, the particle size of the early-stage feed for the tiger shrimps is 0.8mm, and the particle size of the middle-stage feed for the tiger shrimps and the particle size of the later-stage feed for the tiger shrimps is 1.0 mm.
In step S1, coarsely screening and sieving with 8-10 mesh sieve; in step S2, fine screening and 80-mesh sieving are carried out; in step S3, the moisture content is adjusted to 10-12%. In step S4, the temperature for heating and tempering is 100-105 ℃; in step S5, the puffing steam pressure is 0.25-0.4MPa, the puffing coefficient is 1.1, and the fully-cooked puffed compound feed in the front, middle and rear three stages is finally prepared respectively, and has the basic advantages of a fully-cooked technology and a puffing technology.
The early-stage feed, the middle-stage feed and the later-stage feed of the tigers and the shrimps are respectively prepared according to the proportion, the same management mode is adopted in the same farm, the experimental study of breeding and feeding of the tigers and the shrimps is developed, 3 breeding ponds are selected, the front-middle-later-stage feeds and the middle-later-stage feeds are respectively fed to 100 breeding ponds in each pond, and the breeding period is 30 days. Observing the ingestion condition and body color change of the tiger shrimps, detecting the culture water body, counting the ingestion completion time, the survival rate and the feed coefficient, and finally obtaining the following results:
wherein the ammonia nitrogen content of the aquaculture water body meets the III-class water quality indexes of fishery water quality standard (GB11607-89) and surface water environment quality standard basic project standard limit value (GB3838-2002), and finally, the three-stage old tigers and shrimps are all in a healthy and high-quality state with cyan shrimp body and black alternate stripes.
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. These are non-inventive modifications, which are intended to be protected by patent laws within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
Claims (10)
1. A three-stage full-ripened puffed compound feed combination for breeding tiger shrimps is characterized in that: the feed comprises a tiger shrimp early-stage feed, a tiger shrimp middle-stage feed and a tiger shrimp later-stage feed which are all fully-cooked puffed compound feeds, wherein the material compositions of the tiger shrimp early-stage feed, the tiger shrimp middle-stage feed and the tiger shrimp later-stage feed all comprise a protein group, a starch group, mineral substances, grease, a phagostimulant, a medicinal agent and an additive.
2. The expanded compound feed composition for the front-middle-rear three-stage full-ripening of the tiger shrimps in claim 1 is characterized in that: the protein group comprises steam-dried fish meal, and the weight ratio of the steam-dried fish meal in the early-stage feed of the tiger shrimps, the middle-stage feed of the tiger shrimps and the later-stage feed of the tiger shrimps is 45-53%, 35-43% and 30-38% respectively.
3. The expanded compound feed composition for the front-middle-rear three-stage full-ripening of the tiger shrimps in claim 1 is characterized in that: the phagostimulant comprises hermetia illucens, shrimp chaff and squid liver paste.
4. The expanded compound feed composition for the front-middle-rear three-stage full-ripening of the tiger shrimps in claim 1 is characterized in that: the medicinal agent comprises choline chloride, vitamins, VC ester and astaxanthin, and the astaxanthin is added in the form of shrimp and crab shell powder with the net astaxanthin content of 10%.
5. The expanded compound feed composition for the front-middle-rear three-stage full-ripening of the tiger shrimps in claim 1 is characterized in that: the additives include antioxidants and mold inhibitors.
6. The expanded compound feed composition for the front-middle-rear three-stage full-ripening of the tiger shrimps in claim 1 is characterized in that: the proteome also comprises chicken powder and peeled soybean meal, wherein the weight percentage of the peeled soybean meal in the early-stage feed of the tiger shrimps, the middle-stage feed of the tiger shrimps and the later-stage feed of the tiger shrimps is 7-20%, 17-30% and 17-30% respectively.
7. The expanded compound feed composition for the front-middle-rear three-stage full-ripening of the tiger shrimps in claim 1 is characterized in that: the weight ratio of the starch group content in the early-stage feed of the tigers and the shrimps, the middle-stage feed of the tigers and the late-stage feed of the tigers and the shrimps is less than or equal to 15%, and the water stability time of the early-stage feed of the tigers and the middle-stage feed of the tigers and the late-stage feed of the tigers and the shrimps is more than 2 hours.
8. The preparation method of the front-middle-rear three-stage fully-matured puffed compound feed composition for the culture of the tiger shrimps as claimed in claim 1, which sequentially comprises the following steps:
s1, material proportioning, and performing coarse crushing and coarse screening in sequence to obtain a first fine material;
s2, carrying out superfine grinding and fine screening on the first fine material to obtain a second fine material;
s3, hardening and tempering the water content of the second fine material to obtain an early-stage material;
s4, heating and tempering the early-stage material to obtain a later-stage material;
s5, sequentially carrying out curing, puffing, drying and cooling operations on the later-period feed to obtain the final compound feed,
the early-stage feed for the tiger shrimps, the middle-stage feed for the tiger shrimps and the later-stage feed for the tiger shrimps are independently prepared, the particle size of the early-stage feed for the tiger shrimps is 0.8mm, and the particle size of the middle-stage feed for the tiger shrimps and the particle size of the later-stage feed for the tiger shrimps is 1.0 mm.
9. The preparation method of the expanded compound feed composition for the three-stage full-maturation of the tiger shrimps in the claim 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in step S1, coarsely screening and sieving with 8-10 mesh sieve; in step S2, fine screening and 80-mesh sieving are carried out; in step S3, the moisture content is adjusted to 10-12%.
10. The preparation method of the expanded compound feed composition for the three-stage full-maturation of the tiger shrimps in the claim 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in step S4, the temperature for heating and tempering is 100-105 ℃; in step S5, the puffing steam pressure is 0.25-0.4MPa, and the puffing coefficient is 1.1.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811602157.6A CN109601767A (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2018-12-26 | Tiger shrimp aquaculture later period well doneization expanding compound feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN201811602103X | 2018-12-26 | ||
| CN201811602104.4A CN109601766A (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2018-12-26 | Tiger shrimp aquaculture well doneization early period expanding compound feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN2018116021044 | 2018-12-26 | ||
| CN201811602103.XA CN109601765A (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2018-12-26 | Tiger shrimp aquaculture mid-term well doneization expanding compound feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN2018116021576 | 2018-12-26 |
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| CN110637945A true CN110637945A (en) | 2020-01-03 |
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| CN114097678A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-01 | 揭阳通威饲料有限公司 | Efficient breeding mode for adjusting body color of penaeus monodon |
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| CN114097678A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-01 | 揭阳通威饲料有限公司 | Efficient breeding mode for adjusting body color of penaeus monodon |
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