CN110635676A - Bootstrap type pre-charging slow-starting charging circuit - Google Patents
Bootstrap type pre-charging slow-starting charging circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN110635676A CN110635676A CN201911069184.6A CN201911069184A CN110635676A CN 110635676 A CN110635676 A CN 110635676A CN 201911069184 A CN201911069184 A CN 201911069184A CN 110635676 A CN110635676 A CN 110635676A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
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Abstract
The invention relates to a bootstrap pre-charging slow start circuit, which comprises a pre-charging circuit, a time delay circuit and a slow start charging circuit based on MOS tube control, wherein the slow start circuit for preventing overcurrent impact is arranged between a high-voltage power supply and a high-capacity capacitive load CL. Compared with the traditional slow starting circuit, the invention has the characteristics of autonomy, simplicity, small heat productivity and the like, and can greatly improve the stability and reliability of a power supply system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of circuit design, relates to a bootstrap type pre-charging slow start charging circuit, and is particularly suitable for being used when a high-voltage power supply is matched with a large-capacity capacitive load.
Background
At the present stage, the electric power technology is developed rapidly, many integrated driving control devices are powered by high-voltage power batteries, and loads such as a propulsion motor and an instrument power assembly are loaded, when a system works according to time sequence, in order to prevent mutual crosstalk among the power assemblies, most load input ends use large-capacity capacitors for filtering treatment, the high-voltage battery power source is accessed through a relay or a switch switching device according to the time sequence, due to the influence of the impedance characteristics of the capacitors, the power circuit is in a short-circuit state at the moment of power supply, an electric loop can generate instant high peak current (namely 'surge current'), although the pulse width of the peak current is narrower, but the peak value is dozens of times larger than the steady-state current, so that a transistor of a preceding relay is subjected to overcurrent breakdown, or a switch switching device generates local high temperature due to overcurrent, so that a contact local material is melted and is, the power supply can not be cut off according to time sequence, and simultaneously, the instantaneous power shortage phenomenon of the parallel power utilization assembly can be caused, so that the stable and reliable work of the product is influenced, and the disastrous result is caused.
In order to prevent the phenomenon that a relay or a switch switching device is damaged or the phenomenon of insufficient current occurs due to the phenomenon of instantaneous overcurrent of a large-capacity load during power supply switching, a resistor pre-charging mode is adopted at present to realize the circuit protection function, an RC charging circuit is formed by a resistor R and a large-capacity capacitor C to realize slow charging of the capacitor C, when the voltage of the capacitor C is approximately equal to the voltage of an input end, the function of preventing overcurrent protection during pre-charging of the capacitor C is realized through a low-conduction-resistance relay bypass resistor R, and the circuit starts to work normally.
The resistor pre-charging overcurrent impact prevention circuit has the remarkable characteristics of simple structure form and few components, but also has the following defects:
a) a first-stage bypass switch is required to be added, and the contact service life times of a switch device influence the reliability of a product;
b) the control end of the bypass switch needs to be driven and controlled by software, the anti-interference and anti-misoperation design of related control signals needs to be considered and through related assessment, and the design complexity and the dependency of software and hardware are increased;
c) when the bypass switch is turned off, no discharge loop exists, so that the back electromotive force of a rear-stage circuit can damage a loop device.
Therefore, higher requirements are provided for the service life times and reliability design of the bypass switch, and the bypass switch becomes a key point in the product power supply link. The problems of high cost-effectiveness, narrow range and the like are inevitably caused when the product is selected.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to avoid the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a novel bootstrap type pre-charging slow start circuit to prevent the influence of surge and overcurrent when a high-voltage power supply is matched with a large-capacity capacitive load, so that the stability and the reliability of a power supply system are greatly improved.
Technical scheme
A bootstrap type pre-charging slow start charging circuit is characterized by comprising a resistor pre-charging circuit, a time delay circuit based on a triode and a slow start circuit based on MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube control;
the resistor pre-charging circuit comprises a resistor R7 and a large-capacity load capacitor CL, and is used for charging the large-capacity load capacitor CL; the concrete connection is as follows: one end of the resistor R7 is connected with the cathode of the large-capacity load capacitor CL, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the ground GND of the power supply, and the anode of the large-capacity load capacitor CL is connected with the anode of the power supply; the capacitance value of the large-capacity load capacitor CL is more than 220 mu F;
the time delay circuit based on triode control comprises resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4, a capacitor C1 and a triode Q1, and is used for charging a bootstrap capacitor and controlling time delay; the concrete connection is as follows: one end of a resistor R1 is connected with a power supply anode + Vcc, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with a capacitor C1, the other end of a capacitor C1 is connected with resistors R2 and R3, the other end of a resistor R2 is connected with a power supply ground GND, the other end of a resistor R3 is connected with the base electrode of a triode Q1, one end of a resistor R4 is connected with the power supply anode + Vcc, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the collector electrode of a triode Q73;
the slow starting circuit based on MOS pipe control comprises resistors R4, R5 and R6, a voltage stabilizing diode D1, an MOS pipe Q2 and a bootstrap capacitor CG, and is used for controlling the conduction of the MOS pipe, and the bypass resistor R7 reduces loop impedance, and the specific connection is as follows: one end of the resistor R4 is connected with the positive electrode + Vcc of the power supply, the other end is connected with the bootstrap capacitor CG, the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D1, the resistors R5 and R6, the other end of the bootstrap capacitor CG, the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D1 and the other end of the resistor R5 are all connected with the power supply ground GND, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q2, the source electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the power supply ground GND, and the drain electrode is connected.
A bootstrap type pre-charging slow start charging circuit is characterized by comprising a resistor pre-charging circuit, a time delay circuit based on a triode and a slow start circuit based on MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube control;
the resistor pre-charging circuit comprises a resistor R7 and a large-capacity load capacitor CL, and is used for charging the large-capacity load capacitor CL; the concrete connection is as follows: one end of the resistor R7 is connected with the anode of the large-capacity load capacitor CL, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the anode of the power supply + Vcc, and the cathode of the large-capacity load capacitor CL is connected with the ground GND of the power supply; the capacitance value of the large-capacity load capacitor CL is more than 220 mu F;
the time delay circuit based on triode control comprises resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4, a capacitor C1 and a triode Q1, and is used for charging a bootstrap capacitor and controlling time delay; the concrete connection is as follows: one end of a resistor R1 is connected with a power supply anode + Vcc, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with a capacitor C1, the other end of a capacitor C1 is connected with resistors R2 and R3, the other end of a resistor R2 is connected with a power supply ground GND, the other end of a resistor R3 is connected with the base electrode of a triode Q1, one end of a resistor R4 is connected with the power supply ground GND, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the emitting electrode of a triode Q1;
the slow starting circuit based on MOS pipe control comprises resistors R4, R5 and R6, a voltage stabilizing diode D1, an MOS pipe Q2 and a bootstrap capacitor CG, and is used for controlling the conduction of the MOS pipe, and the bypass resistor R7 reduces loop impedance, and the specific connection is as follows: one end of the resistor R4 is connected with a power supply ground GND, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with a bootstrap capacitor CG, the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode D1, the resistors R5 and R6, the other end of the bootstrap capacitor CG, the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D1 and the other end of the resistor R5 are both connected with a power supply anode + Vcc, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the grid of the MOS tube Q2, the source of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the power supply anode + Vcc, and the drain is connected with the anode of the large.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides a bootstrap pre-charging slow start charging circuit, which comprises a pre-charging circuit, a time delay circuit and a slow start charging circuit based on MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube control, wherein the slow start charging circuit for preventing overcurrent impact is arranged between a high-voltage power supply and a high-capacity capacitive load CL.
The invention can eliminate the defects and shortcomings of the overcurrent impact prevention circuit in the existing high-voltage power supply matching high-capacity capacitive load product, thereby realizing the fundamental purposes of reducing the design complexity and improving the working stability and reliability of the power supply system. Compared with the traditional slow starting circuit, the circuit has the characteristics of autonomy, simplicity, small heat productivity and the like, and can greatly improve the stability and reliability of a power supply system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a bootstrap precharge slow start circuit (N-channel)
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a bootstrap precharge slow start circuit (P-channel)
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the following examples and drawings:
the invention provides a bootstrap type pre-charging slow start charging circuit which comprises a resistor pre-charging circuit, a time delay circuit and a slow start charging circuit, wherein the resistor pre-charging circuit, the time delay circuit and the slow start charging circuit are connected in a loop in series, the time delay circuit is controlled based on a triode, and the slow start charging circuit is controlled based on a mos tube.
A first-stage charging circuit is formed by serially connecting a small-resistance power resistor R and a high-capacity capacitive load CL in the circuit, and an RC charging circuit is formed at the initial stage of power-on to play a role in limiting current and preventing jitter.
The gate source voltage of the MOS tube is controlled by conducting the triode through the triode base control end, and the gate capacitance CG of the bypass MOS tube is conducted through the triode, so that the purpose of delay conduction of the MOS tube is achieved.
The characteristics of low conduction impedance and simple driving of the mos tube are used as a bypass switch, when the triode is cut off, the voltage of a grid control terminal of the mos tube is charged to the bootstrap capacitor through the input source, and when the U is cut offGS>UGS(th)When the mos tube is conducted, the pre-charging resistor is bypassed, and the system starts to work stably.
As shown in fig. 1, a bootstrap precharge slow start charging circuit includes a resistor precharge circuit, a time delay circuit based on a triode, and a slow start circuit based on mos transistor control.
The resistor pre-charging circuit comprises a resistor R7 and a large-capacity load capacitor CL, and is specifically connected as follows: one end of the resistor R7 is connected with the cathode of the large-capacity capacitive load CL, the other end is connected with the ground GND of the power supply, and the anode of the large-capacity capacitive load CL is connected with the anode of the power supply.
The time delay circuit based on triode control comprises resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4, and a capacitor C1 and a triode Q1 which are specifically connected as follows: one end of a resistor R1 is connected with a power supply anode + Vcc, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with a capacitor C1, the other end of a capacitor C1 is connected with resistors R2 and R3, the other end of a resistor R2 is connected with a power supply ground GND, the other end of a resistor R3 is connected with the base electrode of a triode Q1, one end of a resistor R4 is connected with the power supply anode + Vcc, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the collector electrode of a triode Q73.
The slow starting circuit based on the mos tube control comprises resistors R4, R5 and R6, a voltage stabilizing diode D1, a mos tube Q1 and a bootstrap capacitor CG. The concrete connection is as follows: one end of the resistor R4 is connected with the positive electrode + Vcc of the power supply, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with a bootstrap capacitor CG, a voltage stabilizing diode D1, resistors R5 and R6, the other end of the bootstrap capacitor CG, the other end of the voltage stabilizing diode D1 and the other end of the resistor R5 are all connected with the power supply ground GND, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the grid electrode of the mos tube, the source electrode of the mos tube is connected with the power supply ground GND, and the.
The P-channel mos tube building circuit is shown in fig. 2 and will not be described further herein.
A bootstrap type pre-charging slow start charging circuit realization method comprises the following steps:
closing switch K1, starting the two parts of the circuit at the initial stage of + Vcc connection, and C1 is in short circuit state, at this moment
Triode in saturation state, UCGU equal to transistor Q1CEAnd the voltage drop is very small, at this moment, the bootstrap capacitor CG is bypassed, the charging cannot be carried out, the mos tube is in a cut-off state, and the charging time of the capacitor C1 is the circuit delay time; in the process, the main loop forms an RC charging circuit through R7 and CL, and the CL is precharged.
When R1 ═ 82k Ω, R2 ═ 50k Ω, and C1 ═ 1.2uF are selected, the delay time t1 is:
t1＝(R1+R2)C1ln[Vcc/(Vcc-0.997Vcc)]＝5.8(R1+R2)C1when R7 is selected to be 200 Ω and CL is selected to be 2000uF for 5.8 × (82k Ω +50k Ω) × 1.2uF for 918.7ms, the time t2 for precharging to 0.9 times VCC is:
t2＝R7CLln[Vcc/(Vcc-0.9Vcc)]＝2.3R7CL＝2.3×200Ω×2000uF＝920ms
when C1 is charged to an equilibrium state, UR2 approaches to 0V, Q1 enters an off state, a bootstrap capacitor CG is charged through R4 and R5, in the process of bootstrap increase of voltage at two ends of the capacitor, gate-source voltage UGS of a mos tube Q1 slowly rises to promote formation of a mos tube Q1 channel, and finally the mos tube is completely conducted, because the equivalent impedance of the mos tube is about m omega level when the mos tube is conducted and is far smaller than R7, a resistor R7 in the pre-charging circuit is bypassed, and the circuit stably works.
When R4 is 150k Ω, the bootstrap capacitor CL is 10uF, the MOS transistor turn-on voltage is 0.75V, and the charging power supply Vcc is 500V, the slow start circuit voltage setup time t3 is:
t3＝R4CGln[Vcc/(Vcc-VCG(th))]
＝150kΩ×10uF×ln[500V/(500V-0.75V)]＝2.3ms
after K1 is closed, a main loop forms an RC charging circuit through R7 and CL, CL is pre-charged, the charging time is 920ms, the charging current is controllable, surge peak current cannot be formed, the K1 switching device is damaged, meanwhile, the RC charging circuit is formed through R1, R2 and C1, the C1 full charging time is 918.7ms, no voltage exists on a resistor R2 at the moment, a triode is turned into a cut-off state from conduction, meanwhile, a bootstrap capacitor CG starts to be charged through R4 and R5, the time when the voltage at two ends of the bootstrap capacitor CG reaches the opening voltage of a MOS transistor, which is 2.3ms, and at the moment, the capacitor CL basically completes the charging process.
In the circuit, R3 and R6 are both current-limiting resistors, so that Q1 and Q2 are not damaged, and D1 is a voltage stabilizing diode to ensure that UGS cannot be broken by overvoltage.
Claims (2)
1. A bootstrap type pre-charging slow start charging circuit is characterized by comprising a resistor pre-charging circuit, a time delay circuit based on a triode and a slow start circuit based on MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube control;
the resistor pre-charging circuit comprises a resistor R7 and a large-capacity load capacitor CL, and is used for charging the large-capacity load capacitor CL; the concrete connection is as follows: one end of the resistor R7 is connected with the cathode of the large-capacity load capacitor CL, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the ground GND of the power supply, and the anode of the large-capacity load capacitor CL is connected with the anode of the power supply; the capacitance value of the large-capacity load capacitor CL is more than 220 mu F;
the time delay circuit based on triode control comprises resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4, a capacitor C1 and a triode Q1, and is used for charging a bootstrap capacitor and controlling time delay; the concrete connection is as follows: one end of a resistor R1 is connected with a power supply anode + Vcc, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with a capacitor C1, the other end of a capacitor C1 is connected with resistors R2 and R3, the other end of a resistor R2 is connected with a power supply ground GND, the other end of a resistor R3 is connected with the base electrode of a triode Q1, one end of a resistor R4 is connected with the power supply anode + Vcc, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the collector electrode of a triode Q73;
the slow starting circuit based on MOS pipe control comprises resistors R4, R5 and R6, a voltage stabilizing diode D1, an MOS pipe Q2 and a bootstrap capacitor CG, and is used for controlling the conduction of the MOS pipe, and the bypass resistor R7 reduces loop impedance, and the specific connection is as follows: one end of the resistor R4 is connected with the positive electrode + Vcc of the power supply, the other end is connected with the bootstrap capacitor CG, the negative electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D1, the resistors R5 and R6, the other end of the bootstrap capacitor CG, the positive electrode of the voltage stabilizing diode D1 and the other end of the resistor R5 are all connected with the power supply ground GND, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q2, the source electrode of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the power supply ground GND, and the drain electrode is connected.
2. A bootstrap type pre-charging slow start charging circuit is characterized by comprising a resistor pre-charging circuit, a time delay circuit based on a triode and a slow start circuit based on MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube control;
the resistor pre-charging circuit comprises a resistor R7 and a large-capacity load capacitor CL, and is used for charging the large-capacity load capacitor CL; the concrete connection is as follows: one end of the resistor R7 is connected with the anode of the large-capacity load capacitor CL, the other end of the resistor R7 is connected with the anode of the power supply + Vcc, and the cathode of the large-capacity load capacitor CL is connected with the ground GND of the power supply; the capacitance value of the large-capacity load capacitor CL is more than 220 mu F;
the time delay circuit based on triode control comprises resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4, a capacitor C1 and a triode Q1, and is used for charging a bootstrap capacitor and controlling time delay; the concrete connection is as follows: one end of a resistor R1 is connected with a power supply anode + Vcc, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected with a capacitor C1, the other end of a capacitor C1 is connected with resistors R2 and R3, the other end of a resistor R2 is connected with a power supply ground GND, the other end of a resistor R3 is connected with the base electrode of a triode Q1, one end of a resistor R4 is connected with the power supply ground GND, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the emitting electrode of a triode Q1;
the slow starting circuit based on MOS pipe control comprises resistors R4, R5 and R6, a voltage stabilizing diode D1, an MOS pipe Q2 and a bootstrap capacitor CG, and is used for controlling the conduction of the MOS pipe, and the bypass resistor R7 reduces loop impedance, and the specific connection is as follows: one end of the resistor R4 is connected with a power supply ground GND, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with a bootstrap capacitor CG, the anode of the voltage stabilizing diode D1, the resistors R5 and R6, the other end of the bootstrap capacitor CG, the cathode of the voltage stabilizing diode D1 and the other end of the resistor R5 are both connected with a power supply anode + Vcc, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected with the grid of the MOS tube Q2, the source of the MOS tube Q2 is connected with the power supply anode + Vcc, and the drain is connected with the anode of the large.
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| CN201911069184.6A CN110635676A (en) | 2019-11-05 | 2019-11-05 | Bootstrap type pre-charging slow-starting charging circuit |
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| CN201911069184.6A CN110635676A (en) | 2019-11-05 | 2019-11-05 | Bootstrap type pre-charging slow-starting charging circuit |
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Cited By (7)
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| CN112600277A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-02 | 苏州博众机器人有限公司 | Power supply circuit and power supply equipment |
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| CN113472033A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-10-01 | 苏州大学 | Robot delay starting pre-charging circuit |
| CN115912884A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-04-04 | 深圳迈格瑞能技术有限公司 | Soft start control circuit and method |
| CN116614121A (en) * | 2023-07-19 | 2023-08-18 | 江苏能华微电子科技发展有限公司 | Power device for improving electromagnetic compatibility |
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| CN116614121B (en) * | 2023-07-19 | 2023-11-03 | 江苏能华微电子科技发展有限公司 | Power device for improving electromagnetic compatibility |
| CN118174703A (en) * | 2024-02-22 | 2024-06-11 | 苏州博众仪器科技有限公司 | Soft start switch circuit |
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Application publication date: 20191231 |