CN110631955B - Integrated alkali metal gas density detection device based on Faraday effect - Google Patents
Integrated alkali metal gas density detection device based on Faraday effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN110631955B CN110631955B CN201911037345.3A CN201911037345A CN110631955B CN 110631955 B CN110631955 B CN 110631955B CN 201911037345 A CN201911037345 A CN 201911037345A CN 110631955 B CN110631955 B CN 110631955B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
- G01N9/24—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by observing the transmission of wave or particle radiation through the material
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated alkali metal gas density detection device based on Faraday effect, which is characterized in that key components such as a magnetic field, heating, detection and the like in a measurement gauge head are integrally designed according to the alkali metal gas density measurement requirement in a gas chamber required by SERF related sensing measurement application, the operability of the integrated device is improved by utilizing a close fit and detachable structure, the volume of the detection gauge head is reduced, and the alkali metal gas density detection and debugging efficiency is improved. The invention provides a high-efficiency and reliable integrated alkali metal gas density detection device for an atomic spin SERF state related sensing measurement system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of gas density detection, and particularly relates to an integrated alkali metal gas density detection device based on a Faraday effect.
Background
The ultra-high sensitive sensing measurement research based on Spin-Exchange Relaxation-Free (SERF) state has wide application prospect in the aspects of basic physics, brain science, life science, resource detection and the like. The related research of the atomic spin SERF state is carried out by taking alkali metal gas as an atomic source, and the alkali metal gas is carried by adopting a thin-wall light-transmitting glass gas chamber. The density of the alkali metal gas in the air chamber determines each pumping and detection parameter of the sensing measurement system, so that the high-efficiency detection of the density of the air chamber has important scientific significance and practical value, and meanwhile, the further development of the related array type sensor can be promoted. When the gas chamber is filled with alkali metal gas and the package is finished, parameters such as gas pressure or density and the like are difficult to directly detect, and an optical method is often adopted for indirect detection in scientific research and practical application. The optical detection method adopted by the device is based on the Faraday effect, namely when the linear polarization detection light passes through an alkali metal gas medium in a magnetic field, the polarization plane of the linear polarization detection light rotates, the linear polarization detection light is divided into two linear polarization beams with the transmission directions and the polarization directions perpendicular to each other by the polarization beam splitter prism, the intensity difference is detected by different photoelectric detectors, and therefore the rotation angle of the polarization plane of the detection light is calculated out, and the density of the alkali metal gas in the gas chamber is obtained. The existing alkali metal gas density detection work is usually carried out by an open experimental research platform, a core detection device is attached to other system components and has poor integration, and the detectable gas chamber size and the gas density range are limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of large volume and loose structure of an alkali metal density detection device of a gas chamber in the prior atomic spin SERF state related sensing application, and provides an integrated alkali metal gas density detection device based on the Faraday effect, which reduces the volume of a gas chamber density detection gauge head, simplifies a detection light path, enhances the matching degree and operability of all parts of the detection device, and provides the integrated alkali metal gas density detection device for the SERF state related sensing application.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an integrated alkali metal gas density detection device based on a Faraday effect is characterized by comprising an air chamber assembly, a wave plate assembly and a detection assembly, wherein the air chamber assembly is sequentially nested with a bias coil, a heating film, an oven and an air chamber from inside to outside, the bias coil is fixedly connected with the oven, the heating film is tightly attached to the outer wall of the oven, the oven is provided with light through holes at opposite positions to form a detection light path, and the air chamber is fixedly connected with the oven through an air chamber fixing piece; the wave plate assembly consists of a rotary adjusting frame, a half-wave plate and a mirror bracket fixing piece, wherein the half-wave plate is fixedly connected to the rotary adjusting frame in a nested manner, and the rotary adjusting frame can rotate relative to the mirror bracket fixing piece; the detection assembly comprises a prism fixing frame, a polarization beam splitter prism, a photoelectric detector and an electric control interface, wherein the polarization beam splitter prism is fixed in the prism fixing frame and used for dividing linear polarization detection light into refraction detection light and transmission detection light, and the photoelectric detector and the electric control interface are arranged in two perpendicular directions of the polarization beam splitter prism.
Further, the gas in the gas chamber is an alkali metal gas to be detected, and is any one or two of potassium, rubidium and cesium, and a proper amount of inert gas can be doped according to actual requirements.
Furthermore, the bias coil consists of a coil framework and a copper core wire, wherein the coil framework is made of a polyether-ether-ketone material, the copper core wire is tightly wound in a solenoid mode, and the number of turns of the coil can be adjusted according to actual conditions.
Furthermore, the oven is made of boron nitride materials, and six oven walls are fixedly connected at corresponding positions and can be repeatedly disassembled.
Further, the geometric centers of the bias coil, oven and plenum remain coincident.
Furthermore, the heating film adopts a non-magnetic nickel-chromium material as a heating wire material, and the wires are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the polyimide film and are connected in series, so that the same current and the opposite directions are ensured when the polyimide film is electrified.
Further, the wave plate assembly further comprises a knob, the rotary adjusting frame and the half-wave plate are locked or unlocked with the mirror bracket fixing piece through the knob, and when the knob is unlocked, the half-wave plate is driven to rotate 360 degrees continuously through rotating threads on the outer wall of the rotary adjusting frame.
Furthermore, the polarization beam splitter prism is coated with an antireflection film material of the wavelength of the detected light required by the alkali metal atoms.
Further, the wavelength detection ranges of the two photodetectors correspond to the D2 transition frequency of the alkali metal atoms to be detected.
Further, the entire gauge outfit is made of a non-magnetic material.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention comprehensively considers the functions and working requirements of all devices, integrally designs the components of the air chamber, the oven, the heating film, the bias magnetic field, the wave plate, the polarization beam splitter prism, the detector and the like, and realizes the assembly of the integrated detection device through the close fit of all the components.
(2) Through the detachable oven structure, the repeatable use of the integrated detection device is realized, and the detectable size of the thin-wall glass gas chamber and the range of alkali metal gas density are expanded.
(3) The effective calibration and detection of the optical rotation angle of the detection light are realized by designing the rotatable wave plate structure in the gauge outfit device, and meanwhile, the detection optical path is greatly shortened by the close fit of the polarization beam splitter prism and the detector.
(4) The invention has compact structure, low operation requirement and low requirement on other system accessories, can keep the due low magnetic noise and high temperature environment of alkali metal gas in the SERF state, and ensures the detection accuracy.
Drawings
The invention is further explained below with reference to the figures and examples;
FIG. 1 is a front view of an integrated alkali metal gas density detecting apparatus based on Faraday effect according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of an integrated alkali metal gas density measuring apparatus according to the present invention, based on the Faraday effect;
in the figure, a bias coil 1, a heating film 2, an oven 3, an air chamber 4, an air chamber fixing piece 5, a rotary adjusting frame 6, a half-wave plate 7, a mirror frame fixing piece 8, a knob 9, a prism fixing frame 10, a polarization splitting prism 11, a photoelectric detector 12, an electric control interface 13, a coil framework 14 and a copper core wire 15 are arranged.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, and the objects and effects of the invention will become more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in figures 1-2, the integrated alkali metal gas density detection device based on Faraday effect comprises three main components, namely a gas chamber component, a wave plate component and a detection component. The air chamber subassembly is by interior to outer nested biasing coil 1, heating film 2, oven 3, air chamber 4 in proper order, and biasing coil 1 and oven 3 link firmly, and heating film 2 hugs closely in six outer walls of oven 3, and oven 3 all sets up logical unthreaded hole in relative position and forms and detect the light path, and air chamber 4 links firmly with oven 3 by air chamber mounting 5. The gas in the gas chamber 4 is alkali metal gas to be measured, is any one or two of potassium, rubidium and cesium, and can be doped with a proper amount of inert gas according to actual requirements. The bias coil 1 consists of a coil skeleton 14 and a copper core wire 15 and provides a bias magnetic field for alkali metal gas density measurement. The coil framework 14 is made of a polyetheretherketone material, the copper core lead 15 is tightly wound in a solenoid mode, and the number of turns of the coil can be adjusted according to actual conditions. The oven 3 is made of boron nitride materials, a high-temperature environment is provided for alkali metal atom gasification, and six oven walls are fixedly connected at corresponding positions and can be repeatedly detached. The heating film 2 adopts a non-magnetic nickel-chromium material as a heating wire material, and the two sides of the polyimide film are symmetrically wired and connected in series, so that the same current and the opposite directions are ensured when the polyimide film is electrified. Meanwhile, in order to ensure the accuracy of the bias magnetic field, the geometric centers of the bias coil 1, the oven 3 and the air chamber 4 are kept coincident, and the whole gauge outfit device is made of non-magnetic materials.
The wave plate assembly consists of a rotary adjusting frame 6, a half-wave plate 7 and a mirror bracket fixing piece 8, wherein the half-wave plate 7 is nested and fixedly connected on the rotary adjusting frame 6, and the rotary adjusting frame 6 is nested in the mirror bracket fixing piece 8 and can rotate relative to the mirror bracket fixing piece 8. The wave plate assembly further comprises a knob 9, the rotary adjusting frame 6 and the half-wave plate 7 are locked or unlocked with the mirror bracket fixing piece 8 through the knob 9, and when the knob 9 is unlocked, the half-wave plate 7 is driven to rotate 360 degrees continuously through rotating threads on the outer wall of the rotary adjusting frame 6.
The detection assembly comprises a prism fixing frame 10, a polarization beam splitter prism 11, a photoelectric detector 12 and an electric control interface 13, wherein the polarization beam splitter prism 11 is fixed in the prism fixing frame 10 and is used for dividing linear polarization detection light into refraction detection light and transmission detection light according to the resolution capability of the polarization beam splitter prism 11 in the bias direction, the photoelectric detector 12 and the electric control interface 13 are arranged in two vertical directions of the polarization beam splitter prism 11, the two photoelectric detectors obtain the power of two beams of emergent light, and the density of the alkali metal gas in the corresponding gas chamber is obtained based on the power difference. The polarization beam splitter prism 11 is coated with an antireflection film material of the wavelength of the detection light required by the alkali metal atoms. The wavelength detection range of the two photodetectors 12 corresponds to the D2 transition frequency of the alkali metal atom to be measured.
The principle of the device for detecting the density of the alkali metal gas is mainly based on the Faraday effect, namely, magneto-optical rotation. In the presence of a bias magnetic field, linearly polarized light can be decomposed into a combination of left-handed circularly polarized light and right-handed circularly polarized light, and the refractive indexes of the left-handed circularly polarized light and the right-handed circularly polarized light passing through an alkali metal gas medium are different, so that the polarization plane can rotate after the incident linearly polarized light passes through the alkali metal gas. This angle of rotation thetaBCalled Faraday optical rotation angle, and its theoretical formula is
θB＝nBLCeAD1，D2
Wherein n is the density of the alkali metal gas, B is the bias magnetic field, L is the length of the gas chamber, CeIs an electron-dependent constant, AD1，D2Are constants associated with the D1 transition line and the D2 transition line of the alkali metal atom. Based on the principle, the density of the alkali metal gas in the thin-wall glass gas chamber in the SERF sensing system can be measured according to the optical rotation angle. The testing steps of the device are roughly as follows: after the air chamber to be measured is installed and heated, incident linear polarization detection light is transmitted, the output of the two photoelectric detectors 12 is the same by rotating the rotary adjusting frame 6, namely, the zero point of the optical rotation angle is found, and the knob is locked. Subsequently, a certain bias magnetic field is applied to the alkali metal gas through the bias coil 1, and the power difference of linearly polarized light in different polarization directions is obtained through the output difference of the two photodetectors 12, so that the optical rotation angle is calculated, and the corresponding alkali metal gas density is finally obtained.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the form and details of the embodiments may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. All modifications, equivalents and the like which come within the spirit and principle of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. The integrated alkali metal gas density detection device based on the Faraday effect is characterized by comprising an air chamber assembly, a wave plate assembly and a detection assembly, wherein the air chamber assembly is sequentially nested with a bias coil (1), a heating film (2), an oven (3) and an air chamber (4) from inside to outside, the bias coil (1) is fixedly connected with the oven (3), the heating film (2) is tightly attached to the outer wall of the oven (3), the oven (3) is provided with light through holes at opposite positions to form a detection light path, and the air chamber (4) is fixedly connected with the oven (3) through an air chamber fixing piece (5); the wave plate assembly consists of a rotary adjusting frame (6), a half-wave plate (7) and a mirror bracket fixing piece (8), wherein the half-wave plate (7) is fixedly connected to the rotary adjusting frame (6) in a nested manner, and the rotary adjusting frame (6) can rotate relative to the mirror bracket fixing piece (8); the detection assembly comprises a prism fixing frame (10), a polarization beam splitter prism (11), a photoelectric detector (12) and an electric control interface (13), wherein the polarization beam splitter prism (11) is fixed in the prism fixing frame (10) and used for dividing linear polarization detection light into refraction detection light and transmission detection light, and the photoelectric detector (12) and the electric control interface (13) are arranged in two vertical directions of the polarization beam splitter prism (11); the bias coil (1) consists of a coil framework (14) and a copper core lead (15), wherein the coil framework (14) is made of a polyether-ether-ketone material, the copper core lead (15) is tightly wound in a solenoid mode, and the number of turns of the coil can be adjusted according to actual conditions; the wave plate assembly further comprises a knob (9), the rotary adjusting frame (6) and the half-wave plate (7) are locked or unlocked with the mirror bracket fixing piece (8) through the knob (9), and when the knob (9) is unlocked, the half-wave plate (7) is driven to rotate for 360 degrees continuously through rotating threads on the outer wall of the rotary adjusting frame (6); the oven (3) is made of boron nitride materials, and six oven walls are fixedly connected at corresponding positions and can be repeatedly disassembled; the heating film (2) adopts a non-magnetic nickel-chromium material as a heating wire material, and wires are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the polyimide film and are connected in series, so that the same current and opposite directions are ensured when the polyimide film is electrified; the geometric centers of the bias coil (1), the oven (3) and the air chamber (4) are kept coincident; the whole meter head device is made of non-magnetic materials.
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| CN111609845B (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2021-10-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | Integrated spin-exchange-free relaxation atomic gyroscope |
| CN115047383B (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2022-11-15 | 之江实验室 | Reflection-type SERF atomic magnetometer and integrated gauge head device thereof |
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