CN110626159A - 电池组收纳结构 - Google Patents

电池组收纳结构 Download PDF

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CN110626159A
CN110626159A CN201910299013.6A CN201910299013A CN110626159A CN 110626159 A CN110626159 A CN 110626159A CN 201910299013 A CN201910299013 A CN 201910299013A CN 110626159 A CN110626159 A CN 110626159A
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battery
cooling air
battery pack
battery case
lower side
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CN110626159B (zh
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池田骏介
横山裕
西塔晃太
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Subaru Corp
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/06—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with air cooling
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/28—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the electric energy storing means, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

本发明涉及电池组收纳结构，目的在于提供一种能够在发生事故时抑制外部热源导致的电池过热的电池组收纳结构。本发明的电池组收纳结构具有：收纳有多个电池堆(21)的电池盒上侧(31)；以及冷却电池堆(21)的冷却风(19)流通的冷却风路(23)。另外，电池盒上侧(31)放置于电池盒下侧(15)，在电池盒上侧(31)的底面(35)与电池盒下侧(15)的底面(33)之间，形成冷却风(19)流通的底部冷却风路(24)。

Description

电池组收纳结构
技术领域
本发明涉及电池组收纳结构，尤其涉及能够在事故发生时保护电池堆免受热源影响的电池组收纳结构。
背景技术
电动汽车和混合动力汽车搭载有向电动机供给电力的大容量车辆用电池，以使向车辆提供驱动力的电动机旋转。
为了保证充足的连续行驶距离，这种车辆用电池的重量大，占用容积也大。因此，这种车辆用电池例如配置在座椅的下方或后底板的下方等。
作为在车辆中收纳大型电池的构成，人们提出了各种结构。专利文献1记载了一种采用双重结构作为电池组盒的底部的车辆用电池冷却装置。具体而言，是在由多个单元构成的电池的下方形成作为双重结构的管道空间。通过该构成，可以有效冷却电池。另外，专利文献2也记载了这种底部的双重结构。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：(日本)特开2009-119936号公报
专利文献1：(日本)特开2015-26569号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
但是，专利文献1记载的构成中，虽然在电池盒的下方形成有具有双重底结构的风路，但由于该风路是用于冷却的专用部件，因此可能会使冷却机构的整体结构复杂化。
另外，也要设想在发生碰撞事故等时，电池会从下方被意外加热的情况。这种情况下，如果不采取任何措施，则会存在发生电池过热、电池破损的故障的问题。
本发明就是鉴于这种问题完成的发明，本发明的目的在于提供一种能够在发生事故时抑制外部热源导致的电池过热的电池组收纳结构。
解决课题的手段
本发明的电池组收纳结构是具有收纳有电池堆的电池盒上侧、以及冷却所述电池堆的冷却风流通的冷却风路的、收纳有电池组的收纳结构，其中，所述电池盒上侧放置于电池盒下侧，在所述电池盒上侧的底面与所述电池盒下侧的底面之间，形成所述冷却风流通的底部冷却风路。
另外，本发明的电池组收纳结构，其中，在所述电池盒上侧的底面开口以形成盒孔，形成在容纳所述电池盒下侧的车体底板的底面开口的底板孔，所述盒孔和所述底板孔配置在至少部分重合的位置。
另外，本发明的电池组收纳结构，其中，还具有壁部，所述壁部从所述底板孔的周围围住。
另外，本发明的电池组收纳结构，其中，所述壁部形成在所述电池盒下侧。
另外，本发明的电池组收纳结构，其中，具有：送风机，其向所述冷却风路输送所述冷却风；温度传感器，其测量所述电池堆的温度；以及控制部，其根据所述温度传感器的输出，控制所述送风机，如果所述温度传感器测量的所述电池堆的温度达到一定以上，则所述控制部增加所述送风机的风量。
另外，本发明的电池组收纳结构，其中，还具有焊道，所述焊道使所述电池盒下侧的底面隆起成壁状。
另外，本发明的电池组收纳结构，其中，将从配设在中央侧的所述盒孔向所述底部冷却风路输送的所述冷却风的风量，设定为大于从配设在端部侧的所述盒孔向所述底部冷却风路输送的所述冷却风的风量。
另外，本发明的电池组收纳结构，其中，所述壁部在车体的宽度方向上从一端部向另一端部连续形成。
发明效果
本发明的电池组收纳结构是具有收纳有电池堆的电池盒上侧、以及冷却所述电池堆的冷却风流通的冷却风路的、收纳有电池组的收纳结构，其中，所述电池盒上侧放置于电池盒下侧，在所述电池盒上侧的底面与所述电池盒下侧的底面之间，形成所述冷却风流通的底部冷却风路。因此，通过在电池盒上侧的底面与电池盒下侧的底面之间形成冷却风流通的底部冷却风路，即使电池盒下侧从下方被加热，也能够利用底部冷却风路隔热，从而防止电池组过热。另外，由于本发明是将电池盒上侧和电池盒下侧的空隙用作底部冷却风路，因此无需在电池组的下方形成专用风路，能够以简洁的构成提高电池的冷却效率。
另外，本发明的电池组收纳结构，其中，在所述电池盒上侧的底面开孔以形成盒孔，形成在容纳所述电池盒下侧的车体底板的底面开口的底板孔，所述盒孔和所述底板孔配置在至少部分重合的位置。因此，在发生事故等时，经由冷却风路、盒孔吹送冷却风，由此能够抑制热量从底板孔向电池组传导。
另外，本发明的电池组收纳结构，其中，还具有壁部，所述壁部从所述底板孔的周围围住。因此，可以利用壁部防止热气经由底板孔进入电池盒下侧和车体底板之间，能够使防止电池组过热的效果更加明显。即，能够将加热电池的部位限制在底板孔的周围，防止热量绕到其他部位。
另外，本发明的电池组收纳结构，其中，所述壁部形成在所述电池盒下侧。因此，壁部成为电池盒下侧的一部分，从而能够抑制组装部件的增加。
另外，本发明的电池组收纳结构，其中，具有：送风机，其向所述冷却风路输送所述冷却风；温度传感器，其测量所述电池堆的温度；以及控制部，其根据所述温度传感器的输出，控制所述送风机，如果所述温度传感器测量的所述电池堆的温度达到一定以上，则所述控制部增加所述送风机的风量。因此，在电池堆有可能过热的状况下，通过在电池盒上侧底面和电池盒下侧底面之间输送大量冷风，可以防止电池堆过热。
另外，本发明的电池组收纳结构，其中，还具有焊道，所述焊道使所述电池盒下侧的底面隆起成壁状。因此，可以利用焊道对在底部冷却风路流通的冷却风进行整流。
另外，本发明的电池组收纳结构，其中，将从配设在中央侧的所述盒孔向所述底部冷却风路输送的所述冷却风的风量，设定为大于从配设在端部侧的所述盒孔向所述底部冷却风路输送的所述冷却风的风量。因此，可以容易地使底部冷却风路的冷却风从电池组的中央侧向电池组的端部侧流动。
另外，本发明的电池组收纳结构，其中，所述壁部在车体的宽度方向上从一端部向另一端部连续形成。因此，可以将壁部用作加固材料，能够在碰撞时利用壁部吸收碰撞能量，保护电池堆。
附图说明
图1是表示具有本发明实施方式的电池组收纳结构的车辆的立体图；
图2是表示本发明实施方式的电池组的立体图；
图3是表示本发明实施方式的电池盒下侧的立体图；
图4是表示本发明实施方式的电池组收纳结构的剖面图；
图5是表示本发明实施方式的电池组收纳结构的放大剖面图；
图6是表示本发明实施方式的电池组收纳结构的连接图；
图7(A)和图7(B)是表示本发明另一实施方式的电池组收纳结构的剖面图。
符号说明
10 车辆
11 车体
12 后排座椅
14 收纳空间
15 电池盒下侧
16 室内
17 送风机
18 控制部
19 冷却风
20 电池组
21 电池堆
23 冷却风路
24 底部冷却风路
25 盒孔
26 底板孔
27 壁部
28 温度传感器
29 电动机
30 支架
31 电池盒上侧
33 底面
34 焊道
35 底面
36 空调装置
37 车体底板
38 底面
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本实施方式的电池组20的收纳结构(电池组收纳结构)，以及具有电池组20的车辆进行说明。以下说明中，同一部件原则上使用同一符号编号，省略重复说明。
图1是从后上方观察具有电池组20的车辆10的立体图。在此，覆盖车辆10的车体11的后端的后门被省略而图示。车辆10例如为具有电动机和发动机作为驱动源的混合动力汽车，或者只具有电动机作为驱动源的电动汽车。
在车体11的车室内后方配设有后排座椅12，在其后方形成有收纳空间14，在收纳空间14的内部配设有电池组20。电池组20被在此未图示的罩子覆盖。
下面结合图2，对电池组20进行说明。电池组20用于保护多个电池堆21。另外，电池组20具有收纳有电池堆21的电池盒上侧31，以及从四个方向支撑电池盒上侧31的上端部的框状支架30。在此，各电池堆21由沿着前后方向层叠配置的板状电池单元构成。
图3表示收纳有上述电池组20的电池盒下侧15。电池盒下侧15呈现出能够收纳上述电池盒上侧31的容器形状。另外，在电池盒下侧15的底面33，形成有突出成壁状的焊道34。焊道34从中心部附近向角部形成为直线状。在此，形成有4条焊道34。如果将图2所示的电池盒上侧31收纳在电池盒下侧15，则电池盒上侧31的底面35(图4)与焊道34接触。在电池盒上侧31的底面35与电池盒下侧15的底面33之间，配设有焊道34，由此可以对在二者之间流通的冷却风的流动进行整流。
图4是图2的A-A线的剖面图。参考该图，电池组20具有用于在电池堆21进行充放电时冷却电池堆21的冷却风路23。冷却风路23形成于电池堆21的上方，用于将在车室内调节的空调风即冷却风19向电池堆21输送。冷却风路23在各电池堆21的上方，形成用于向下方吹送冷却风19的出风口。
在电池堆21的下方，形成有底部冷却风路24，作为电池盒上侧31的底面35和电池盒下侧15的底面33的空隙。底部冷却风路24形成至电池盒上侧31的周边部。另外，上述电池盒下侧15收纳于容器形状的车体底板37。
另外，在电池盒上侧31的底面35开口，以形成盒孔25。盒孔25在电池堆21的下方形成有多个。
另外，在与盒孔25的下方相对应的区域，形成有在车体底板37的底面38开口而成的底板孔26。底板孔26例如是为焊接等作业而形成的孔。在此，底板孔26在图中示出了一个，但在车体底板37的底面38也可以形成有多个底板孔26。
在上述构成的电池组20中，进行充放电的电池堆21按照以下方式被冷却。首先，在冷却风路23中导入有经过调节的车室内的冷却风19。在此，也可以利用未图示的送风风扇，将冷却风19输送到冷却风路23。
输送到冷却风路23的冷却风19从上方吹送到各电池堆21。具体而言，在构成电池堆21的电池单元彼此之间，冷却风19从上方向下方输送。此时，冷却风19和电池堆21进行热交换，由此，电池堆21得到冷却。换言之，冷却风19以包裹电池堆21的形式，在电池盒上侧31的内部流通。
与电池堆21进行热交换的冷却风19经由底部冷却风路24，向电池组20的两侧方输送。之后，冷却风19可以向车外排放，也可以回到车室内。
如上所述，将车室内的空调风作为冷却风19用于冷却电池堆21，由此也可以将用于调节车室温度的车室用调温装置用作电池用冷却装置。
通过上述构成，本实施方式可以在发生事故时等抑制电池堆21过热。具体而言，在发生碰撞事故等时，如果在车体底板37的下方产生意想不到的热源，则该热源可能会导致电池堆21被不必要地加热。本申请发明在收纳有电池堆21的电池盒上侧31和收纳有该电池盒上侧31的电池盒下侧15之间，形成上述底部冷却风路24。由此，该底部冷却风路24可以发挥隔热层的功能，阻止来自外部的热量向电池堆21传导。因此，在紧急时可以抑制电池堆21过热。
另外，如果在紧急时向底部冷却风路24输送冷却风19，则冷却风19会将来自外部的热量驱散，因此可以进一步提高抑制电池堆21过热的效果。
此外，由于在车体底板37的底面38形成有底板孔26，因此如果不采取任何措施，则热气会从底板孔26进入，从而有可能导致电池堆21过热。本实施方式在底板孔26的上方形成盒孔25。即，从上方观察时，底板孔26和盒孔25至少部分重合。由此，即使热气从底板孔26向内部侵入，也能利用从盒孔25向下方输送的冷却风19来抑制热量经由底板孔26传导。因此，能够抑制热气导致的电池堆21意外过热。
在此，参考图4，图中示出了4个盒孔25，可以使从配设在中央侧的盒孔25向底部冷却风路24输送的冷却风19的风量大于从配设在端部侧的盒孔25向底部冷却风路24输送的冷却风19的风量。由此，可以使底部冷却风路24的冷却风19容易地从电池组20的中央侧向电池组20的端部侧流动。
参考图5，在此，在盒孔25的下方，底面33的局部向下方膨出。另外，在向下方膨出部分的底面33的下表面，形成有壁部27。
壁部27突出成圆环状的下端部分，从上表面与底板孔26的周围部分的底面38抵接。
如上所述，通过用壁部27封堵底板孔26的周围，即使紧急时在底部冷却风路24的下方存在热源，也可以利用壁部27阻止来自该热源的热量进入。因此，可以抑制热风等经由底板孔26进入车辆内部。
在此，壁部27可以在车体的宽度方向上从一端部向另一端部连续形成。由此，可以将壁部27用作加固材料，能够在碰撞时利用壁部27吸收碰撞能量。
下面结合图6，对上述电池组20的连接构成进行说明。电池组20主要具有：送风机17、电池堆21、温度传感器28、以及控制部18。电池组20的功能是在合适的温度范围内对电池堆21进行充放电。
送风机17安装在冷却风19流通的风路中，使冷却风19在室内16和空调装置36之间循环。另外，冷却风19也被供给电池堆21，冷却构成电池堆21的各单元。
温度传感器28是测量电池堆21的温度的传感器，将表示电池堆21的温度的电信号传输到控制部18。
控制部18由CPU、RAM和ROM等组成，根据温度传感器28测量的电池堆21的温度等，控制送风机17的送风量。
电动机29是利用从电池堆21供给的电力旋转，向图1所示的车辆10提供驱动力的驱动力产生装置。在此，也可以配设用于对电池堆21进行充电的充电用发动机。
上述构成的电池组20如下运作。即，在对电池堆21进行充电时，从外部电源或车载发电机等向电池堆21供给电力。为了防止充电时电池堆21过热，控制部18根据温度传感器28的输出启动送风机17，向电池堆21输送冷却风19。由此，电池堆21和冷却风19进行热交换，抑制电池堆21过热。
在电池堆21放电时，电动机29利用从电池堆21供给的电力旋转，由此向上述车辆10提供驱动力。另外，在电池堆21放电时，根据温度传感器28的输出，送风机17对冷却风19进行适当的送风。即，控制部18控制送风机17的送风量，以使电池堆21的温度达到一定以下。
另外，在紧急时，如果温度传感器28测量的电池堆21的温度超出了普通的温度范围，则控制部18判断在电池堆21的附近存在外部热源。之后，控制部18将送风机17的送风量设置成大于充放电时的送风量，例如，将送风机17的送风量设置成最大限度。由此，如参照图5说明的那样，可以防止热量从底板孔26侵入车内。另外，参照图4，通过增加在底部冷却风路24流通的冷却风19的流量，可以进一步提高底部冷却风路24的隔热效果，保护电池堆21免受热源影响。
以上，对本发明的实施方式进行了说明，但本发明并不限于此，可以在不脱离本发明要旨的范围内进行变更。
例如，参照图7(A)，可以在左右方向的中央部形成焊道34。这种情况下，焊道34会沿着前后方向伸展。由此，可以加固电池组20的左右方向中央部，在碰撞时保护电池堆21。另外，参照图7(B)，焊道34也可以形成在从中央部相对于左右方向稍稍偏离的位置。另外，焊道34也可以形成有多个。在该情况下，也可以在碰撞时保护电池堆21。

Claims (9)

1.一种电池组收纳结构，是具有收纳有电池堆的电池盒上侧、以及冷却所述电池堆的冷却风流通的冷却风路的、收纳有电池组的收纳结构，
其特征在于，所述电池盒上侧放置于电池盒下侧，
在所述电池盒上侧的底面与所述电池盒下侧的底面之间，形成所述冷却风流通的底部冷却风路。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电池组收纳结构，其特征在于，
在所述电池盒上侧的底面开口以形成盒孔，形成在容纳所述电池盒下侧的车体底板的底面开口的底板孔，
所述盒孔和所述底板孔配置在至少部分重合的位置。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电池组收纳结构，其特征在于，还具有壁部，所述壁部从所述底板孔的周围围住。
4.根据权利要求3所述的电池组收纳结构，其特征在于，所述壁部形成在所述电池盒下侧。
5.根据权利要求1～4中任一项所述的电池组收纳结构，其特征在于，具有：
送风机，其向所述冷却风路输送所述冷却风；
温度传感器，其测量所述电池堆的温度；以及
控制部，其根据所述温度传感器的输出，控制所述送风机，
如果所述温度传感器测量的所述电池堆的温度达到一定以上，则所述控制部增加所述送风机的风量。
6.根据权利要求1～4中任一项所述的电池组收纳结构，其特征在于，还具有焊道，所述焊道使所述电池盒下侧的底面隆起成壁状。
7.根据权利要求5所述的电池组收纳结构，其特征在于，还具有焊道，所述焊道使所述电池盒下侧的底面隆起成壁状。
8.根据权利要求2所述的电池组收纳结构，其特征在于，将从配设在中央侧的所述盒孔向所述底部冷却风路输送的所述冷却风的风量，设定为大于从配设在端部侧的所述盒孔向所述底部冷却风路输送的所述冷却风的风量。
9.根据权利要求3所述的电池组收纳结构，其特征在于，所述壁部在车体的宽度方向上从一端部向另一端部连续形成。
CN201910299013.6A 2018-06-22 2019-04-15 电池组收纳结构 Active CN110626159B (zh)

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