CN110622745A - Hot air temperature and humidity increasing and reducing device for greenhouse - Google Patents
Hot air temperature and humidity increasing and reducing device for greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN110622745A CN110622745A CN201911041196.8A CN201911041196A CN110622745A CN 110622745 A CN110622745 A CN 110622745A CN 201911041196 A CN201911041196 A CN 201911041196A CN 110622745 A CN110622745 A CN 110622745A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hot air temperature and humidity increasing and reducing device for a greenhouse, and relates to the technical field of hot air temperature increase. The fan heater comprises a fan heater, a main pipeline connected with an air outlet of the fan heater and branch pipes connected with the main pipeline, wherein latticed exhaust holes are uniformly distributed on the surfaces of the branch pipes along the axial direction of the branch pipes. According to the invention, the dense latticed small holes are formed in the branch pipelines, so that high temperature and high pressure at the outlet are fully avoided, the temperature distribution is uniform, the air humidity is uniformly reduced, and the death of part of crops caused by high temperature can be effectively reduced while the heating of the greenhouse is effectively ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hot air temperature increase, and particularly relates to a hot air temperature and humidity increasing and reducing device for a greenhouse.
Background
In the greenhouse planting industry, the reasonable temperature increase can ensure the good growth of crops. The hot air heating is a heating mode of directly sending heated air into a greenhouse through a heat exchanger to improve the room temperature. The method has high heating efficiency because the air is forcibly heated. The method for heating air by hot air is that hot water or steam is passed through heat exchanger to exchange heat, then the hot air is blown into the room by means of fan, or the air can be directly heated by means of heating furnace, the former is called hot air, and the latter is called hot-blast stove. The hot air blower comprises a warm air blower, a hot water hot air blower and a steam hot air blower, and is classified according to different burning fuels. The hot air is conveyed by adopting a pipeline conveying mode or a non-pipeline conveying mode. The former is that the conveying pipeline is provided with uniform air supply holes, the indoor air temperature is uniform, and the conveying pipeline can be made of a plastic film tube or a tube sewn by canvas; the arrangement of the conveying pipeline can be determined in the air or under the cultivation bed according to the planting requirements.
Compared with a hot water heating system, the hot air heating system has higher operation cost, but has small one-time investment and simple installation. The solar energy greenhouse is mainly used in areas with high outdoor temperature-increasing design temperature (above minus 10 ℃) and short winter temperature-increasing time, and is particularly suitable for small-area single-span greenhouses. The selection of the hot air heating system equipment is mainly determined according to the heating heat load and the heat production quantity of the hot air blower or the hot air furnace.
The air temperature in the heating pipeline is high, so that high temperature is easy to occur near the air outlet of the pipeline, the growth of crops is influenced, and the crops close to the air outlet die due to the high temperature, so that the hot air heating device capable of preventing the air outlet from being overheated is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hot air temperature and humidity increasing and reducing device for a greenhouse, which aims to solve the technical problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a hot air temperature and humidity increasing and reducing device for a greenhouse, which comprises a warm air blower, a main pipeline connected with an air outlet of the warm air blower, and branch pipes connected with the main pipeline, wherein grid-shaped exhaust holes are uniformly distributed on the surfaces of the branch pipes along the axial direction of the branch pipes. The latticed exhaust holes can fully avoid high temperature and high pressure at the outlet, so that the temperature distribution is uniform, the air humidity can be uniformly reduced, and crops close to the branch pipes are prevented from dying due to high temperature.
Further, the branch pipe is the equidistance interval parallel arrangement along the trunk line axial, and the branch pipe that this kind of mode was arranged can not shelter from incident light, does not influence the management operation of cultivateing to occupy less cultivation area.
Further, the branch pipes are distributed on one side of the main pipe.
Further, the branch pipes are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the main pipe.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the dense latticed small holes are formed in the branch pipelines, so that high temperature and high pressure at the outlet are fully avoided, the temperature distribution is uniform, the air humidity is uniformly reduced, and the death of part of crops caused by high temperature can be effectively reduced while the heating of the greenhouse is effectively ensured.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hot air temperature and humidity increasing and reducing device for a greenhouse in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of grid-shaped exhaust holes on a branch pipe;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a hot air temperature and humidity increasing device for a greenhouse in the second embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a comparison of three vent configurations.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1-warm air blower, 2-main pipeline, 3-branch pipe and 4-latticed exhaust hole.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 4, the present invention relates to a hot air temperature and humidity increasing and reducing device for a greenhouse, which comprises a warm air blower 1, a main pipe 2 connected to an air outlet of the warm air blower 1, and branch pipes 3 connected to the main pipe 2, wherein the surfaces of the branch pipes 3 are provided with grid-shaped exhaust holes 4 uniformly distributed along the axial direction.
Wherein, branch pipe 3 is equidistance interval parallel arrangement along 2 axial of trunk line to branch pipe 3 symmetric distribution is in trunk line 2 both sides.
The technical parameters of the hot air temperature and humidity increasing and reducing device are calculated and designed as follows:
approximate calculation of maximum temperature load
The magnitude of the temperature increasing load is constantly changed along with the outdoor air temperature. The heat which is required to be supplemented for keeping the normal growth of the crops in the coldest season during the cultivation period is called as the maximum temperature increasing load. The warming device must have such capability according to basic conditions for warming. Therefore, the maximum load is an index for determining the capacity of the heating equipment.
The heat required by greenhouses and greenhouses is roughly proportional to the surface area of the greenhouses and the maximum indoor and outdoor temperature difference. So as to increase the temperature load Qg(KJ/h) can be represented by the following formula:
Qg＝AgK(θi-θ0)(1-fr)
in the formula, AgIs the surface area (m) of the greenhouse2) (ii) a K is the temperature-increasing load coefficient [ KJ/(m)2·h·℃)]；θiIndoor set temperature (. degree. C.); theta0The outdoor air temperature (DEG C) is measured; f. ofrFor protection ofThe heat saving rate of warm covering.
The heat in this equation is the heating load within 1 h. The estimation may be performed without consideration of the outdoor wind power, and the correction value may be revised mainly in consideration of the heat saving rate. The coefficient of the greenhouse heating load coefficient of the single-layer plastic film is 23.87(0 ℃), the heat-saving rate of the heat-insulating covering is 0.35, and the value is the result of actual measurement in greenhouses and greenhouses in warmer areas (the lowest temperature is about 0 ℃). The temperature-increasing load coefficient is influenced by outdoor air temperature and wind speed, and has a large relation with the heat-insulating covering. Therefore, in cold winter, frozen soil, and high seasonal wind, this value is used for correction. Because the temperature-increasing load coefficient is approximate, the correction method is that the temperature-increasing load coefficient is increased by 5 percent when the lowest temperature is reduced by 10 ℃ according to the climatic conditions of different regions; the heat-saving rate of the opposite heat-preservation covering is reduced by 5 percent.
The maximum temperature-increasing load is applied when the cultivation is carried out in a polyethylene plastic greenhouse with the length of 20 meters, the width of 8 meters, the ridge height of 3 meters and the side height of 1.5 meters at the outside temperature of-10 ℃.
Surface area of the greenhouse AgComprises the following steps:
(1.5×2+1/12×2×6.2π)×20+1.5×8+1.5×4≈143(m2)
temperature-increasing load coefficient: increase by 5% at low temperature of-10 deg.C
23.87×(100+5)％＝24.35
The indoor set temperature is 10 ℃, and the heat-saving rate should be reduced by 5 percent
0.35×(100-5)％＝0.33
Substituted into formula
Qg＝143×24.35×5×(1-0.33)＝11664.87(KJ/h)
Qg＝3.24(KJ/s)＝3.24KW。
Second, calculating the temperature increasing load during the period
The maximum temperature increasing load is the maximum temperature increasing load which determines the capacity of the heating equipment. The normal warming load is smaller than the maximum value. The total heat quantity of the general temperature rise cannot be required by the maximum load, and the temperature rise load is required during the period. The integrated daily temperature increase load during the cultivation period is called a period temperature increase load.
θ0When isThe changing outside air temperature. At thetai>θ0The temperature increase load is summed up in accordance with the temperature increase time, and if K and fr change are small, the total heat quantity (Q) during the temperature increase periodnkJ) is:
wherein K is the average temperature-increasing load coefficient [ kJ/(m)2·h·℃)]；∑(θi-θ0) For summing up according to the heating time, called heating time, using DHh(. degree. C.h). The integrated daily warming time is changed into daily warming time (DH)d) When the temperature rise time of one month is integrated, the temperature rise time becomes monthly (DH)m) The temperature raising time formula can be changed into:
if the average temperature rise load factor and temperature rise are known, the term temperature rise load (Q) can be obtained by the above equationn). The maximum temperature-increasing load coefficient is a numerical value of dawn which is the minimum heat transfer quantity in the earth at night in a sunny day. Therefore, the average temperature load is at least 25% greater than this value, and the temperature load coefficient is obtained by multiplying the temperature load coefficient by 23.87 and 0.75.
The temperature rise is an integrated value of the inside and outside air temperatures during the temperature rise. When the temperature rises Daily (DH)dAnd the following relationship exists between the preset internal air temperature and the design external air temperature:
DHd＝2.18(θi-θmin)1.66
according to the formula, when the temperature difference between the indoor and the outdoor is 10 ℃, the daily temperature rise is as follows:
DHd＝2.18(θi-θmin)1.66
DHd＝2.18(10)1.66＝99.65℃·h/d
the monthly warming time (taking one month and 30 days as an example) is as follows:
DHm＝30*DHd
the total heat during the warming period at this time was:
Qn＝143×23.87×0.75×0.67×99.65×30＝5127705.57kJ
at this time Qg＝1.98KW。
Thirdly, determining the heating mode
After the air sent into the room absorbs the residual heat and the residual humidity in the room, the state O is changed into N, and the air h is generated during air supplyo,do(ii) a State h at air dischargeN，dN。
According to the heat balance:
according to the wet balance:
wherein G is the air volume (kg/s) sent into the room; q is waste heat (KW); w is the residual moisture content (kg/s); h iso，doSpecific enthalpy value (kJ/kg) and moisture content (kg/kg) of air in an air supply state; h isN，dNThe specific enthalpy value (kJ/kg) and the moisture content (kg/kg) of the indoor air.
The residual moisture content in the greenhouse is 1.8 kg/H-0.5 g/s
Heat to humidity ratio
The indoor state point N is determined on the h-d plot, by which a process line is drawn with e 3960. The design temperature in the room is 10 ℃, and the relative humidity in the room is100 percent, the outdoor dry bulb temperature is-10 ℃, and the temperature difference delta t of the air supply is takenOAnd obtaining an air supply state point O at 5 ℃. As long as the state point of the supplied air is positioned on the line, the air with certain quality can be sent into the room to absorb the residual heat and the residual humidity at the same time, thereby ensuring the indoor required state.
On the h-d diagram, the following are found:
ho＝15.57kJ/kg do＝4.20g/kg
hN＝29.48kJ/kg dN＝7.71g/kg
calculating the air volume according to the waste heat removal:
calculating the air volume according to the elimination of the residual moisture:
according to the air output of 0.14Kg/s, a 20 m round pipe with the diameter of more than 200mm can be selected as a main pipe for conveying air, and the pressure and the air speed of the air pipe at the moment can meet the requirements.
Because the air volume of the main pipeline is the sum of the air volumes of the branch pipes. Therefore, in a greenhouse with the length of 20 meters, 4 meters of branch pipes are arranged every 1.2 meters, and when the diameter of each branch pipe is more than 40mm, the wind speed does not influence the normal growth of plants.
The air outlet is provided with: because the air temperature in main duct 2 and branch pipe 3 is higher, appears high temperature near the air outlet easily, influences crop growth, so set up the study to the air outlet of pipeline. The temperature and the air pressure at the air outlet are compared by respectively testing the single-hole (large) exhaust mode, the pipeline uniform exhaust mode and the latticed exhaust mode on the pipeline.
When adopting latticed exhaust apparatus to exhaust, through set up intensive latticed aperture on the branch pipeline, fully avoid the high temperature high pressure of exit for temperature distribution is more even, and air humidity also can evenly reduce, effectively reduces the death that some crops arouse because of the high temperature.
Fourthly, capacity calculation of equipment machinery
The specific heat capacity of air is 1.01 kJ/(Kg. DEG C), so the amount of heat required to heat from-10 ℃ to 15 ℃ is:
Q＝C×m×(t2-t1)＝1.01×0.14×25×60×60＝12727KJ/h＝3.535KW
the power of the heater is thus
To sum up, in this design, need to adopt 3 KW's electric fan heater 1 to heat the air to utilize the diameter to carry out the air at 20 meters's of 200mm pipe as trunk line 2, and match 32 4 meters long 40mm branch pipes 3 and carry out the transported air, rise greenhouse's temperature, and reduce humidity, make temperature and humidity in the greenhouse can reach suitable level.
Example two
Referring to fig. 3, in this embodiment, compared with the first embodiment, only the distribution positions of the branch pipes 3 are changed, so that the branch pipes 3 are distributed on one side of the main pipe 2, and the number and length of the branch pipes are correspondingly changed: the length of the branch pipes 3 is 8 meters, and the number of the branch pipes is 16.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a warmhouse booth is with hot-blast device that cools down that heats, includes electric fan heater (1), trunk line (2) of being connected with electric fan heater (1) air outlet, branch pipe (3) of being connected with trunk line (2), its characterized in that: and grid-shaped exhaust holes (4) which are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the branch pipe (3) are formed in the surface of the branch pipe.
2. The hot air temperature-increasing and humidity-reducing device for the greenhouse as claimed in claim 1, wherein the branch pipes (3) are arranged in parallel at equal intervals along the axial direction of the main pipe (2).
3. The hot air temperature-increasing and humidity-reducing device for the greenhouse as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the branch pipes (3) are distributed on one side of the main pipe (2).
4. The hot air temperature-increasing and humidity-reducing device for the greenhouse as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the branch pipes (3) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the main pipe (2).
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| CN202112107U (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2012-01-18 | 安徽省舒城县舒丰现代农业科技开发有限责任公司 | Hot air delivery system for greenhouse thermal insulation |
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