CN110620274A - Safety protection device for lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Safety protection device for lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN110620274A CN110620274A CN201910993182.XA CN201910993182A CN110620274A CN 110620274 A CN110620274 A CN 110620274A CN 201910993182 A CN201910993182 A CN 201910993182A CN 110620274 A CN110620274 A CN 110620274A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
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- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
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- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/637—Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
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- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
- H01M2200/10—Temperature sensitive devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a safety protection device for a lithium ion battery, which comprises an early warning module, an automatic fire extinguishing module and an emergency liquid cooling module. The early warning module comprises a single chip microcomputer, a CO sensor, an infrared temperature sensor and a Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) sensor, and can quickly early warn before the thermal runaway of the battery through various failure factors; the automatic fire extinguishing module comprises a fire extinguishing medium storage device, a conveying pipeline, a fire detecting pipe, a spray head and an electromagnetic valve, and can quickly inhibit open fire when the battery is out of control due to heat and prevent fire spreading; the emergency liquid cooling module comprises a compressor, a condenser, a water pump, a heat exchange device and a liquid cooling plate, and can rapidly cool the thermal runaway battery after the battery is extinguished in open fire, so that thermal runaway propagation among battery modules is prevented. The device can effectively warn the thermal runaway of the lithium battery, inhibit the thermal runaway of the battery from occurring and developing, prevent the thermal runaway propagation and slow down the damage degree of the thermal runaway, and is beneficial to the safe operation of a lithium ion battery energy storage system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent safety protection devices of energy storage units of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a lithium ion battery safety protection device which is a three-in-one high-efficiency intelligent safety protection device capable of realizing early warning, automatic fire extinguishing and quick cooling functions on thermal runaway of the energy storage units of the lithium ion batteries.
Background
The lithium ion battery has the advantages of high energy density, high output power, low self-discharge rate and the like, so the lithium ion battery has wide application in the fields of electric vehicles, power grid energy storage and the like. When the lithium ion battery is under the abuse conditions of short circuit, impact, overcharge, overheating and the like, the internal of the lithium ion battery is easy to generate an unblocked chain reaction, the temperature of the battery is increased exponentially, and the thermal runaway of the battery is generated. During the thermal runaway of the battery, a large amount of smoke and severe jet fire are often accompanied. When the battery is out of control, if the battery is not protected in time, the flame and the out of control process are easy to diffuse to the adjacent lithium ion energy storage unit, and then a larger-scale fire explosion accident is caused. Therefore, the safety protection device with high efficiency and intelligence is arranged on the energy storage device of the lithium ion battery, and the safety protection device has important significance for safe and high-efficiency operation of the energy storage device.
At present, early warning and fire extinguishing research on a lithium ion battery energy storage system is less, and a safety protection device aiming at thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery is seriously lacked. The existing lithium ion battery energy storage unit safety protection device has the following defects: (1) the thermal runaway early warning device adopts single parameters mostly, so that the false operation probability of the early warning system is high; the influence of gases released by a blue film, an electronic circuit and the like of a power battery at high temperature on the parameter threshold of the early warning system is mostly not considered in the selection of the failure factor threshold of the existing early warning system, which directly results in higher false alarm rate of the thermal runaway early warning device in the market at the present stage. (2) The traditional automatic fire extinguishing device is slow in action time, and can act after a fire disaster develops to a certain stage and receives high temperature or smoke through a detector, so that the optimal time for fire extinguishing is lost. (3) Traditional safety device adopts fire extinguishing agents such as carbon dioxide and heptafluoropropane more, and this kind of gaseous fire extinguishing agent is lower and the cooling effect is poor to the fire extinguishing efficiency of battery. (4) The traditional safety protection device does not consider the problem of cooling after the battery extinguishes, particularly, after the battery is extinguished by naked fire, the surface temperature of the battery can still reach 500 ℃ or even 600 ℃, so that the risk of thermal runaway propagation of the battery still exists after the battery is extinguished, and the fire hazard of the energy storage unit cannot be fundamentally solved.
Obviously, the existing safety protection device for the lithium ion battery has many disadvantages, and therefore, an efficient early warning and fire extinguishing and cooling system needs to be designed aiming at the energy storage unit of the lithium ion battery urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intelligent safety protection device for an energy storage unit of a lithium ion battery, which can quickly give an early warning before the battery is out of control due to heat, can efficiently extinguish the fire after the battery is out of control due to heat and can quickly cool the battery after the fire is extinguished, thereby preventing the propagation of the out of control due to heat in the energy storage unit and effectively ensuring the operation safety of the energy storage unit. The invention aims to solve the problems that: designing an intelligent safety protection device, carrying out rapid early warning through a plurality of failure factors in the early stage of thermal runaway of a battery, and sending out early warning signals in the early stage of thermal runaway to remind operators of a lithium ion battery energy storage system to stop working for inspection; after the thermal runaway of the battery occurs, point-to-point extinguishing of open fire of the battery is quickly formed, a suppression atmosphere is formed in a space, and the occurrence of multiple jet fires of the battery is prevented; after the battery naked light is extinguished, the battery after the fire is extinguished is rapidly cooled by starting the emergency liquid cooling module, and the thermal runaway is prevented from being propagated between the batteries.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a lithium ion battery safety protection device, which comprises an early warning module, an automatic fire extinguishing module and an emergency liquid cooling module, wherein:
the early warning module comprises a single chip microcomputer, a CO sensor, an infrared temperature sensor and a Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) sensor; the CO sensor, the infrared temperature sensor and the volatile organic compound sensor are connected with the singlechip through a control circuit with a diode and a relay;
the automatic fire extinguishing module can quickly inhibit open fire when the battery is out of control due to heat, so as to prevent fire spreading; the automatic fire extinguishing module comprises a fire extinguishing medium storage device, a conveying pipeline, a fire detection pipe, a spray head and an electromagnetic valve; the fire detection pipe is connected with the fire extinguishing medium storage device, the fire detection pipe is connected with the spray head and the electromagnetic valve, and the fire detection pipe can not cover the fire extinguishing response of the area;
the emergency liquid cooling module can rapidly cool the thermal runaway battery after the battery is extinguished in open fire, so that thermal runaway propagation among battery modules is prevented; the emergency liquid cooling module comprises a compressor, a condenser, a water pump, a heat exchange device and a liquid cooling plate; the liquid cooling plate is arranged at the bottom of the battery module and is sequentially connected with the pump, the heat exchange device, the compressor and the condenser through temperature-resistant pipelines.
Furthermore, the working mode of the early warning module is multi-parameter collaborative early warning, namely the thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery is determined through a plurality of failure factors, wherein the failure factors comprise characteristic gas concentration, volatile organic compound concentration and battery temperature.
Further, the automatic fire extinguishing module is fire detection fire extinguishing system, sets up the automatic start temperature through setting up the temperature that bursts of fire detection pipe, and when ambient temperature was higher than the temperature that bursts of fire detection pipe, the battery can break and release the medium of putting out a fire, need not automatically controlled or manual start.
Further, the rupture temperature of the fire probe tube is obtained based on experimental test data, namely the rupture temperature is the flame temperature at the same height position of the fire probe tube above the protected battery, and for a common ternary system battery, the rupture temperature can be set to be 170 +/-10 ℃.
Furthermore, the fire extinguishing medium is perfluorohexanone which is liquid at normal temperature and convenient to store, the storage pressure is 2.5MPa, and the fire extinguishing concentration of the perfluorohexanone is set to be 6.5% -7.0% for the lithium ion battery.
Further, emergent liquid cooling module is opened after the effect of automatic fire extinguishing module, and it can assist the automatic fire extinguishing module to take away the heat that the battery of thermal runaway produced after putting out a fire, prevents to put out a fire the heat of back battery to near battery diffusion, effectively prevents the propagation of thermal runaway.
The principle of the invention is as follows: a lithium ion battery safety protection device comprises an early warning module, an automatic fire extinguishing module and an emergency liquid cooling module. The early warning module can quickly early warn before the thermal runaway of the battery through a plurality of failure factors; the early warning module comprises a single chip microcomputer, a CO sensor, an infrared temperature sensor and a Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) sensor. Wherein, the singlechip chooses the Arduino singlechip for use. The single chip microcomputer is low in cost, short in development period and multiple in function selection, and is an open-source development platform. Wherein, the CO sensor mainly measures the change of the concentration of CO gas; because the gas concentration values of various batteries before thermal runaway are different, the CO gas concentration threshold value of the batteries before thermal runaway is obtained by the thermal runaway experimental measurement of the protected target lithium ion battery. The infrared temperature sensor mainly measures the surface temperature and the temperature rise rate of the battery; because the thermal runaway temperatures of different types of batteries are different, the temperature before the thermal runaway of the battery and the temperature rise rate threshold value are obtained through the measurement of a thermal runaway experiment of a target lithium ion battery. In order to make the temperature measured by the target infrared sensor more accurate, the temperature of the infrared sensor needs to be corrected by using a thermocouple before the experiment. The VOC sensor mainly measures the change of VOC gas concentration; because the concentration of the VOC gas generated before thermal runaway of different types of batteries is different, the VOC concentration before thermal runaway of the batteries is obtained by measurement of a thermal runaway experiment of a target lithium ion battery. In order to reduce the false alarm of the VOC sensor, the VOC generation condition of the blue film on the surface of the electronic circuit and the battery under the high-temperature shelf should be tested, the threshold value of the early warning module is properly increased, and the false alarm of the early warning module is reduced. In order to meet the requirement of the working environment of the energy storage system, the working range of each sensor is-40-70 ℃. The automatic fire extinguishing module mainly comprises a fire extinguishing medium storage device, a conveying pipeline, a fire detecting pipe, a spray head, an electromagnetic valve and the like. The fire extinguishing medium storage device is a pressure-resistant container, and the minimum pressure resistance value of the fire extinguishing medium storage device is not less than 3.0 MPa; the vibration resistance level is high, and the vibration resistance type vibration damper is suitable for being used under long-term vibration. The fire extinguishing medium of the device is perfluorohexanone. It is a novel Halon substitute and has low environmental effect. The normal working pressure of perfluorohexanone was 2.5 MPa. The minimum fire extinguishing concentration of the perfluorohexanone to the battery fire is 6.5-7.0%. The amount of perfluorohexanone used should be calculated according to the following formula (1) as specified in NFPA 2001.
W＝V/S(C/(100-C)) (1)
Wherein C is the extinguishing concentration; v is the volume of the protection zone (in this case, the pack volume of the sealed battery), m3(ii) a S is the specific volume (m) of the superheated steam of the fire extinguishing agent at the atmospheric pressure of 101kPa and the lowest ambient temperature of the protected area3/kg), the formula is 0.0664+0.0002741T, T is the lowest ambient temperature. W is the amount of the fire extinguishing agent, kg;
the conveying pipeline is a high-temperature-resistant pressure-resistant pipeline, the minimum pressure resistance value of the conveying pipeline is not less than 3.0MPa, the lowest temperature resistance temperature of the conveying pipeline outside the battery pack is not less than 100 ℃, and the lowest temperature resistance temperature of the conveying pipeline inside the battery pack is not less than 200 ℃.
Wherein the pressure resistance of the fire-detecting pipe is not less than 3.0MPa, and the rupture temperature is 170 +/-10 ℃.
Wherein, the spray head is connected with the electromagnetic valve;
the spray head is made of 304 stainless steel, the working range is wide, the stable operation can be kept at-196-800 ℃, the corrosion resistance is good, and the maintenance cost is low.
The external circuit of the electromagnetic valve should be wrapped with heat insulation cotton and a fireproof wire sleeve, so that the integrity of electric connection in a short time when a fire breaks out is guaranteed.
The emergency liquid cooling module mainly comprises a compressor, a condenser, a water pump, a heat exchange device, a liquid cooling plate and the like.
The selection of the compressor, the condenser and the water pump is determined according to the heat generation amount in the thermal runaway process of the battery.
Wherein, the inside U type liquid way that mainly uses of liquid cooling plate reduces along journey resistance.
Wherein, the liquid cooling working medium mainly uses the water solution of glycol, and the concentration of the water solution is selected in the effective working range (the concentration is 37-96%) of glycol according to the requirement of the working environment.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the early warning of the device is multi-parameter collaborative early warning, can carry out early warning before thermal runaway, and can reduce the false alarm rate.
2. In order to reduce the false alarm rate of the early warning module, the device firstly provides a means of using experiments to test the gas production of the electronic element and the circuit at high temperature, reduce the false alarm rate and eliminate noise.
3. The device has high response speed, and can realize quick point-to-point fire extinguishing when open fire is detected.
4. The fire extinguishing medium that this device used is perfluor hexanone fire extinguishing medium, and perfluor hexanone is neotype halon substitute, and its environmental effect is low, fire extinguishing efficiency is high, the cooling nature is good, and its insulating nature is good, even take place the fire extinguishing agent mistake and spout also can not cause irreversible damage to battery system.
5. The device provides an emergency liquid cooling technology for the first time, can quickly take away heat generated by the thermal runaway battery after fire extinguishment, inhibits propagation of the thermal runaway to the maximum extent, and fundamentally reduces the fire hazard of a battery system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent safety protection device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an early warning module;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an automatic fire suppression module;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the linkage control;
fig. 5 is a flow chart of the intelligent safety guard.
Wherein: 1 is the early warning module, 2 is the automatic fire extinguishing module, 3 is emergent liquid cooling module, 4 is Arduino micro control unit, 5 is the CO sensor, 6 is the VOC sensor, 7 is infrared temperature sensor, 8 is the LCD display screen, 9 is the circuit board, 10 is fire extinguishing medium storage device, 11 is the manometer, 12 is the fire detection pipe, 13 is the shower nozzle, 14 is the solenoid valve, 15 is pressure sensor, 16 is the liquid cooling board, 17 is lithium ion battery, 19 is the compressor, 20 is the water pump, 21 is the condensation heat exchanger, 22 is switching power supply, 23 is the diode, 24 is the solenoid valve, 25 is the relay, 26 is the evaporimeter.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
The invention relates to a safety protection device of a lithium ion battery, which comprises: early warning module 1, automatic fire extinguishing module 2 and emergency liquid cooling module 3.
Early warning module 1 is installed in the space in the battery package, including Arduino micro control unit 4, CO sensor 5, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) sensor 6, infrared temperature sensor 7, LCD display screen 8 and circuit board 9. In the early warning module 1, a CO sensor 5, an infrared temperature sensor 7 and a Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) sensor 6 are connected with a single chip microcomputer through a control circuit with a diode and a relay. Wherein, the CO sensor 5 is used for detecting the CO concentration in the battery pack; the infrared temperature sensor 7 is used for detecting the surface temperature and the environmental temperature of the battery; the Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) sensor 6 can detect the concentration of volatile organic compounds in the battery pack; the diode is used for preventing the element from being damaged by the back electromotive force of the inductive effect formed at the coil in the circuit; the relay is used for controlling the high-power circuit by using the low-power circuit; the singlechip is used for combining software and hardware; the circuit board 9 is used for integrating various electronic components on the same board to realize the communication of electronic circuits.
As shown in fig. 5, in the early stage of thermal runaway of the battery, the temperature of the battery rises rapidly, a large amount of CO gas, volatile organic compounds and the like are released from the safety valve, the gas flow rate at the safety valve is high, and the whole battery pack can be filled with various gases rapidly. Various gases diffuse near the early warning module 1, and when the failure factor parameters reach or exceed the preset threshold value of the system, the early warning module 1 acts to send out an early warning signal to remind an operator of the lithium ion battery energy storage device to take corresponding processing measures and transmit the signal to the control unit of the pressure sensor 15.
When the battery is out of control due to heat, a great amount of smoke is released from the safety valve, and meanwhile, violent jet fire is released. The jet fire heats the fire detection pipe 12, when the external temperature is higher than the preset melting temperature of the fire detection pipe 12, the fire detection pipe is melted to generate a spout, the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing medium is rapidly released, and the fire caused by thermal runaway of the battery is extinguished. When the fire suppressant is released, the pressure sensor 15 will detect a decrease in the in-line pressure to a pressure threshold.
When the parameter values of the failure factors of the early warning module 1 reach or exceed the preset threshold value and the pressure sensor 15 does not detect that the pressure in the pipeline is reduced to the pressure threshold value, which indicates that the ignition point is in the area which cannot be covered by the fire detection pipe 12, the one-way electromagnetic valve 14 is started after being delayed for 10s, and the fire extinguishing medium is released. The main reason for setting the 10s delay here is that the value detected by the pressure sensor 15 does not reach the preset threshold value at the beginning of the discharge of the probe tube 12, which is to prevent the extinguishing medium from being discharged through the nozzle 13 before the probe tube 12 melts.
When the parameter values of all failure factors of the early warning module 1 reach or exceed a preset threshold value and the pressure sensor 15 detects that the pressure in the pipeline is reduced to the pressure threshold value, the emergency liquid cooling module 3 is started. After the emergency liquid cooling module 3 is started, the compressor 19, the water pump 20 and the condensing heat exchanger 21 are started. After fire extinguishing, the heat of the battery is quickly taken away. And a flame-retardant temperature-resistant heat conduction pad is arranged between the lithium ion battery 17 and the liquid cooling plate 16, so that the contact thermal resistance can be effectively reduced.
Assuming that the average heat generation power of the battery after thermal runaway is PTRThe heat transfer efficiency of the cold plate is phi1Then, as shown in the following equation (2), the flow rate of the coolant can be calculated:
PTR＝Cp·ρ·q·ΔT·Φ1 (2)
wherein, PTRAverage heat generation power of the battery after thermal runaway, CpIs the specific heat capacity of the coolant, ρ coolant density, q the flow rate of the coolant, Δ T the liquid coolingTemperature difference between plate inlet and outlet, phi1For heat exchange efficiency.
According to the following formula (3), the water pump can be selected according to the flow rate:
N＝(γ·Q·H)/(1000·η) (3)
gamma is the gravity of the liquid, eta is the efficiency of the water pump, N is the power of the water pump, H is the lift of the water pump, and Q is the flow rate of the water pump.
The selection of the compressor should be calculated according to the average heat generation power of the battery, and in the present invention, the maximum power of the compressor is calculated according to the following formula (4).
Pcom＝PTR·3·Φ2 (4)
PcomFor maximum power meter of compressor, PTRAverage heat generation power of battery after thermal runaway, phi2Is the efficiency of the compressor.
Fig. 4 shows the linkage control among the modules, which includes a diode 23, which mainly functions to prevent the back electromotive force of the coil from breaking down the electronic components after power-off; a relay 25 for controlling the large current circuit using a small current circuit; a switching power supply 22 and a solenoid valve 24.
The present embodiments are illustrative only, and do not limit the scope of the invention, and modifications and variations that may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the invention are to be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a lithium ion battery safety device which characterized in that: including early warning module, automatic fire extinguishing module and emergent liquid cooling module, wherein:
the early warning module comprises a single chip microcomputer, a CO sensor, an infrared temperature sensor and a Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) sensor; the CO sensor, the infrared temperature sensor and the volatile organic compound sensor are connected with the singlechip through a control circuit with a diode and a relay;
the automatic fire extinguishing module can quickly inhibit open fire when the battery is out of control due to heat, so as to prevent fire spreading; the automatic fire extinguishing module comprises a fire extinguishing medium storage device, a conveying pipeline, a fire detection pipe, a spray head and an electromagnetic valve; the fire detection pipe is connected with the fire extinguishing medium storage device, the fire detection pipe is connected with the spray head and the electromagnetic valve, and the fire detection pipe can not cover the fire extinguishing response of the area;
the emergency liquid cooling module can rapidly cool the thermal runaway battery after the battery is extinguished in open fire, so that thermal runaway propagation among battery modules is prevented; the emergency liquid cooling module comprises a compressor, a condenser, a water pump, a heat exchange device and a liquid cooling plate; the liquid cooling plate is arranged at the bottom of the battery module and is sequentially connected with the pump, the heat exchange device, the compressor and the condenser through temperature-resistant pipelines.
2. The lithium ion battery safety protection device of claim 1, wherein: the early warning system is a multi-parameter collaborative early warning system, namely the thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery is determined through a plurality of failure factors, wherein the failure factors comprise characteristic gas concentration, volatile organic compound concentration and battery temperature.
3. The lithium ion battery safety protection device of claim 1, wherein: the automatic fire extinguishing module is a fire detection fire extinguishing system, the automatic starting temperature is set through setting the rupture temperature of the fire detection pipe, and when the external temperature is higher than the rupture temperature of the fire detection pipe, the battery can rupture to release a fire extinguishing medium without electric control or manual starting.
4. The lithium ion battery safety protection device of claim 3, wherein: the rupture temperature of the fire probe tube is obtained based on experimental test data, namely the rupture temperature of the fire probe tube is the flame temperature at the position of the same height of the fire probe tube above the protected battery, and for a common ternary system battery, the rupture temperature can be set to be 170 +/-10 ℃.
5. The lithium ion battery safety protection device of claim 3, wherein: the fire extinguishing medium is perfluorohexanone which is liquid at normal temperature and convenient to store, the storage pressure is 2.5MPa, and the fire extinguishing concentration of the perfluorohexanone is set to be 6.5-7.0% for the lithium ion battery.
6. The lithium ion battery safety protection device of claim 1, wherein: emergent liquid cooling module is opened after the effect of automatic fire extinguishing module, and it can assist the automatic fire extinguishing module to take away the heat that the battery of thermal runaway produced after putting out a fire, prevents to put out a fire the heat of back battery to near battery diffusion, effectively prevents the propagation of thermal runaway.
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