CN213884820U - A multistage early warning fire control unit for lithium ion battery cabinet - Google Patents

A multistage early warning fire control unit for lithium ion battery cabinet Download PDF

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Publication number
CN213884820U
CN213884820U CN202022752287.7U CN202022752287U CN213884820U CN 213884820 U CN213884820 U CN 213884820U CN 202022752287 U CN202022752287 U CN 202022752287U CN 213884820 U CN213884820 U CN 213884820U
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early warning
fire extinguishing
battery
fire
battery cabinet
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李昌豪
汪书苹
程登峰
张佳庆
王海超
程宜风
苏文
朱胜龙
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a multistage early warning fire control unit for lithium ion battery cabinet, the device includes the battery cabinet, install the lithium cell in the battery cabinet, install detection module, fire extinguishing systems, the control system and the alarm system of arranging outside the battery cabinet in the inboard top of battery cabinet, fire extinguishing systems is including installing in the battery cabinet lateral wall and being located the shower nozzle, fire extinguishing agent storage jar, control flap and the flow controller around the lithium cell, detection module is connected with control system, control system and alarm system are connected, fire extinguishing agent storage jar passes through the pipeline and is connected with control flap, flow controller and shower nozzle in proper order, control system and control flap are connected; the utility model has the advantages that: early warning and safety precaution measures in different stages are achieved.

Description

A multistage early warning fire control unit for lithium ion battery cabinet
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fire control safety technical field, more specifically relate to a multistage early warning fire control unit for lithium ion battery cabinet.
Background
The lithium ion battery has the characteristics of high energy density, long cycle life, small volume, light weight, environmental protection and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of 3C electronic products and electric automobiles. In recent years, with the development of new energy industry and smart grid construction, the demand of lithium ion batteries as an energy storage device is increasing day by day, and the lithium ion batteries play an important role in peak clipping and valley filling, emergency standby, improvement of electric energy quality and the like. At present, energy storage lithium ion batteries are mainly placed in a battery cabinet in a centralized manner. However, the working environment is relatively closed, the heat dissipation condition is limited, and in addition, the intrinsic safety of the lithium ion battery is still difficult to realize, under the abuse conditions of overheating, overcharging, short circuit and the like, the lithium ion battery can generate a large amount of heat and cause thermal runaway, even develops into combustion explosion, causes large-scale fire accidents, and brings great loss to the safety of lives and properties. Therefore, it is very important to develop a fire extinguishing system and device with high efficiency and safety.
At present, the research on the fire-fighting device of the lithium ion battery cabinet is still in the starting stage, and most of the research is designed by referring to the traditional electric fire-fighting device, such as a heptafluoropropane gas fire-fighting system with a fully submerged pipe network. However, the traditional fire-fighting device has poor effect and has some defects: (1) the signal acquisition and early warning mode are single, the accuracy of a fire fighting system is difficult to ensure, and misjudgment is easy to occur or response cannot be timely carried out; (2) the large amount of fire suppressant required for a total flooding fire suppression system can result in unnecessary waste and can affect other electrical equipment
Chinese patent No. CN 109432634B discloses a fire fighting method for container type lithium ion battery energy storage system, which utilizes an automatic fire extinguishing system and an early warning system. The invention can respectively start three-stage fire extinguishing response in different stages of occurrence and spread of the fire in the energy storage container such as single battery fire, battery module fire, energy storage system fire and the like, and send out three-stage early warning signals, namely, the single battery fire and the fire spread between the battery cabinet and the container are effectively inhibited and blocked by a fire detection fire extinguishing system, a water mist fire extinguishing system, a water spraying and water curtain system, and meanwhile, terminal monitoring personnel adopt different emergency measures through different early warning signals, thereby ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the container type energy storage system. Although the three-level early warning is adopted, the fire extinguishing device is started when the single battery in the battery module is in a fire disaster, the battery open fire is restrained, and early warning and safety precaution measures in different stages are difficult to achieve.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses the technical problem that will solve lies in the problem that prior art's lithium ion battery cabinet's multistage early warning fire control unit exists lies in acquisition signal and early warning mode singleness, is difficult to accomplish the safety precaution measure in early warning and different stages.
The utility model discloses a following technical means realizes solving above-mentioned technical problem: the utility model provides a multistage early warning fire control unit for lithium ion battery cabinet, includes the battery cabinet, installs the lithium cell in the battery cabinet, install in the detection module, the fire extinguishing system that are used for detecting temperature abnormal signal, smog signal and flame signal at the inboard top of battery cabinet, arrange in the control system and the alarm system of battery cabinet outside, the fire extinguishing system is including installing in the battery cabinet lateral wall and being located lithium cell shower nozzle, fire extinguishing agent storage jar, control flap and flow controller all around, detection module is connected with control system, and control system is connected with alarm system, and control system receives detection module's signal and sends one-level early warning, second grade early warning or tertiary early warning signal to fire extinguishing system, and fire extinguishing agent storage jar passes through the pipeline and is connected with control flap, flow controller and shower nozzle in proper order, and control system is connected with control flap.
The utility model discloses the setting is used for detecting temperature abnormal signal, smoke signal and flame signal's detection module, control system receives detection module's signal and sends the one-level early warning to fire extinguishing systems promptly, second grade early warning or tertiary early warning signal, just start extinguishing device when battery cell in the battery module breaks out the fire, early warning conflagration before the battery naked light and fire extinguishing systems are according to early warning signal control flap and flow controller, thereby control nozzle sprays fire extinguishing agent to the lithium cell that corresponds, alarm system is according to the alarm signal that early warning signal output corresponds, accomplish early warning and the safety precaution in different stages.
Furthermore, the detection module comprises an infrared temperature-sensing detector, a smoke detector and a flame detector, and the infrared temperature-sensing detector, the smoke detector and the flame detector are respectively connected with the control system.
Furthermore, the control system comprises a BMS battery management system and a battery state analysis module, the battery state analysis module is respectively connected with the smoke detector and the flame detector, the infrared temperature detector is connected with a signal acquisition port of the BMS battery management system, and a signal output end of the BMS battery management system is respectively connected with a control valve and an alarm system in the fire extinguishing system through the battery state analysis module.
Furthermore, when the BMS battery management system receives the temperature abnormal signal sent by the detection module, the BMS battery management system limits the current of the lithium battery or cuts off a circuit outside the lithium battery.
Furthermore, the infrared temperature-sensing detector collects temperature signals of the battery, the infrared detection technology is combined to identify the position and the range of the battery with abnormal temperature and the fire source, and the battery state analysis module opens the corresponding control valve according to the position and the range of the battery with abnormal temperature and the fire source, so that the spray head near the battery with abnormal temperature sprays the fire extinguishing agent.
Further, the battery cabinet comprises an observation window, and the material of the observation window is fireproof and explosion-proof glass.
Further, the lithium cell is the lithium iron phosphate battery, the lithium iron phosphate battery has a plurality ofly and installs on the fixed bolster of battery cabinet.
Further, the fire extinguishing agent stored in the fire extinguishing agent storage tank is a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent, the amount of the fire extinguishing agent adopted by different early warning levels is different, the amount of the fire extinguishing agent corresponding to the third-level early warning is higher than the amount of the fire extinguishing agent corresponding to the second-level early warning, and the amount of the fire extinguishing agent corresponding to the second-level early warning is higher than the amount of the fire extinguishing agent corresponding to the first-level early warning.
The utility model has the advantages that:
(1) the utility model discloses the setting is used for detecting temperature abnormal signal, smoke signal and flame signal's detection module, control system receives detection module's signal and sends the one-level early warning to fire extinguishing systems promptly, second grade early warning or tertiary early warning signal, just start extinguishing device when battery cell in the battery module breaks out the fire, early warning conflagration before the battery naked light and fire extinguishing systems are according to early warning signal control flap and flow controller, thereby control nozzle sprays fire extinguishing agent to the lithium cell that corresponds, alarm system is according to the alarm signal that early warning signal output corresponds, accomplish early warning and the safety precaution in different stages.
(2) The utility model discloses spray the fire extinguishing agent that this level of early warning corresponds the setting quantity according to different response ranks, do not belong to the total flooding and put out a fire, the fire extinguishing agent quantity that needs is less relatively, can not cause unnecessary extravagant.
(3) The utility model discloses an infrared temperature-sensing detector, smoke detector, flame detector gather multiple signal, and whether the process of conflagration and conflagration breaing out is judged to the coupling, has improved fire extinguishing system safety precaution's accuracy, reduces the erroneous judgement.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multistage early warning fire protection device for a lithium ion battery cabinet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a workflow of a multistage early warning fire fighting device for a lithium ion battery cabinet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention are combined to clearly and completely describe the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention, and obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a multistage early warning fire-fighting device for a lithium ion battery cabinet comprises a battery cabinet 1, a lithium battery 2 installed in the battery cabinet 1, a detection module installed at the top of the inner side of the battery cabinet 1, a fire extinguishing system, a control system 6 arranged outside the battery cabinet 1, a first-stage emergency starting button 7, a second-stage emergency starting button 8, a third-stage emergency starting button 9 and an alarm system 10.
The battery cabinet 1 comprises an observation window (not shown) for observing the battery state and the fire extinguishing effect in the battery cabinet 1, and the observation window is made of fireproof and explosion-proof glass, so that the glass cannot be broken when the lithium ion battery is combusted.
Lithium cell 2 is lithium iron phosphate cell 2, lithium iron phosphate cell 2 has a plurality ofly and installs on the fixed bolster of battery cabinet 1.
The detection module comprises an infrared temperature-sensing detector 3, a smoke detector 4 and a flame detector 5, and the infrared temperature-sensing detector 3, the smoke detector 4 and the flame detector 5 are respectively connected with a control system 6. The infrared temperature detector 3 collects temperature signals of the battery, the infrared detection technology is combined to identify the position and the range of the battery with abnormal temperature and the position and the range of a fire source, and the battery state analysis module opens the corresponding control valve 12 according to the position and the range of the battery with abnormal temperature and the fire source, so that the spray nozzle 15 near the battery with abnormal temperature sprays fire extinguishing agents. The smoke detector 4 is used for collecting characteristic gas and smoke signals generated by thermal runaway of the battery. The flame detector 5 is used to collect a flame signal generated by a battery fire. The three parts feed back the collected characteristic information to the control system 6. It should be noted that the detection module may be one or more of the infrared temperature detector 3, the smoke detector 4, and the flame detector 5, and may also be a fire detector, and the detection module is not particularly limited as long as it can detect a fire or detect a fire characterization phenomenon.
Fire extinguishing systems is including installing in 1 lateral wall of battery cabinet and being located lithium cell 2 shower nozzle 15 all around, fire extinguishing agent storage jar 11, control flap 12 and flow controller 13, detection module is connected with control system 6, and control system 6 is connected with alarm system 10, and fire extinguishing agent storage jar 11 passes through pipeline 14 and is connected with control flap 12, flow controller 13 and shower nozzle 15 in proper order, and control system 6 is connected with control flap 12. The fire extinguishing agent that stores in fire extinguishing agent storage jar 11 is perfluor hexanone fire extinguishing agent, and the quantity of the fire extinguishing agent that different early warning grades adopted is different, and the fire extinguishing agent quantity that tertiary early warning corresponds is higher than the fire extinguishing agent quantity that secondary early warning corresponds, and the fire extinguishing agent quantity that secondary early warning corresponds is higher than the fire extinguishing agent quantity that primary early warning corresponds. The alarm system 10 may be a display screen with status display or a display lamp or a speaker for sound and light alarm, and is all within the protection scope of the present invention as long as the alarm function is achieved.
Control system 6 includes BMS battery management system and battery state analysis module, battery state analysis module is connected with smoke detector 4 and flame detector 5 respectively, battery state analysis module is the singlechip that has AD sampling module actually, smoke detector 4 and flame detector 5 with the AD sampling port of this singlechip be connected can, infrared temperature detector 3 is connected with BMS battery management system's signal acquisition port, BMS battery management system's signal output part is connected with battery state analysis module's sampling port, battery state analysis module's output port output switching value, battery state analysis module's output port is connected with control flap 12 and alarm system 10 in the fire extinguishing systems respectively. The BMS battery management system can control the battery pack in a balanced mode, can also monitor the temperature of the battery by combining signals sent by the temperature-sensitive detector, and can feed back the temperature to the battery state analysis module in time to make corresponding early warning if the temperature is abnormal. The battery state analysis module is the singlechip of the following tertiary early warning control logic of integration, but the utility model discloses do not protect specific control logic, only protect hardware circuit framework, provide control logic and just for the technical scheme of this application of easy understanding, battery state analysis module can adopt the utility model discloses a following control logic also can adopt the control logic of the tertiary early warning of prior art, as long as can realize the function of multistage early warning and be in the utility model discloses a within the protection scope. The battery state analysis module is used for analyzing state parameters of the battery, comparing the state parameters with a plurality of preset trigger conditions, and starting different early warning levels when the preset trigger conditions are met. In addition, when the BMS receives the abnormal temperature signal from the sensing module, the BMS limits the current of the lithium battery 2 or cuts off the external circuit of the lithium battery 2.
The control system 6 receives the signal of the detection module, and when the abnormal temperature of the lithium battery 2 is detected but the preset temperature threshold value is not reached, sends a primary early warning signal to the fire extinguishing system, starts a spray head 15 near the fire source position to spray a fire extinguishing agent with a primary early warning corresponding to the set dosage and sends a warning instruction to the warning system 10, when the temperature of the lithium battery 2 is detected to be higher than the preset threshold value and the characteristic gas, the smoke signal and the flame signal are detected, sending a secondary early warning signal to the fire extinguishing system, starting a spray head 15 near the fire source position to spray a fire extinguishing agent with a secondary early warning corresponding to the set dosage and sending an alarm instruction to the alarm system 10, when the temperature of the lithium battery 2 is detected to be higher than the preset threshold value and the characteristic gas concentration and the smoke concentration continuously rise and are detected to be higher than the preset threshold value, and sending a three-level early warning signal to the fire extinguishing system, starting a plurality of nozzles 15 near the fire source position to spray fire extinguishing agents with three-level early warning corresponding set dosage, and sending a warning instruction to the warning system 10.
It should be noted that, the fire extinguishing system of the present invention can be controlled manually in addition to the above automatic control mode. After receiving the prompt of the alarm system 10, if the early warning level and the fire response need to be changed, the worker can turn on the first-stage emergency start button 7, the second-stage emergency start button 8 or the third-stage emergency start button 9 on the control system 6, directly select the early warning level according to the actual situation of the fire, and make the corresponding fire response.
As shown in fig. 2, the utility model also provides a method for multistage early warning fire control unit of lithium ion battery cabinet, the method includes:
the control system 6 receives the signal of the detection module, and when the abnormal temperature of the lithium battery 2 is detected but the preset temperature threshold value is not reached, sends a primary early warning signal to the fire extinguishing system, starts a spray head 15 near the fire source position to spray a fire extinguishing agent with a primary early warning corresponding to the set dosage and sends a warning instruction to the warning system 10, when the temperature of the lithium battery 2 is detected to be higher than the preset threshold value and the characteristic gas, the smoke signal and the flame signal are detected, sending a secondary early warning signal to the fire extinguishing system, starting a spray head 15 near the fire source position to spray a fire extinguishing agent with a secondary early warning corresponding to the set dosage and sending an alarm instruction to the alarm system 10, when the temperature of the lithium battery 2 is detected to be higher than the preset threshold value and the characteristic gas concentration and the smoke concentration continuously rise and are detected to be higher than the preset threshold value, and sending a three-level early warning signal to the fire extinguishing system, starting a plurality of nozzles 15 near the fire source position to spray fire extinguishing agents with three-level early warning corresponding set dosage, and sending a warning instruction to the warning system 10.
The method is refined into the following processes:
when the infrared temperature-sensing detector 3 detects that the temperature of the lithium battery 2 rises abnormally but does not reach a preset temperature threshold value, a temperature signal is transmitted to the control system 6, wherein the BMS battery management system can limit the current of the lithium battery 2 or cut off an external circuit of the lithium battery 2, the battery state analysis module can send a primary early warning signal to the fire extinguishing system, the battery with abnormal temperature is found by combining an infrared detection technology, the control valve 12 connected with a spray head 15 near the battery with abnormal temperature is opened, the fire extinguishing system sprays a primary fire extinguishing agent with a corresponding set dosage in response, the temperature of the battery is reduced, and meanwhile, the control system 6 also sends an instruction to the alarm system 10 to remind a worker that the temperature of the battery in the battery cabinet 1 rises abnormally;
when the battery state analysis module judges that the temperature of the lithium battery 2 is higher than a preset temperature threshold value and receives characteristic gas, smoke signals and flame signals sent by the smoke detector 4 and the flame detector 5, a secondary early warning signal is sent to a fire extinguishing system, the fire source position is found by combining an infrared detection technology, a control valve 12 connected with a spray head 15 near the fire source position is opened, the fire extinguishing system sprays fire extinguishing agents with the secondary early warning corresponding to the set amount, the battery is subjected to fire extinguishing treatment, so that accurate fixed-point fire extinguishing treatment is realized, and meanwhile, the control system 6 sends an instruction to the alarm system 10 to remind workers of the occurrence of fire in the battery cabinet 1;
judge that lithium cell 2 temperature is higher than the preset temperature threshold value when battery state analysis module, and characteristic gas concentration, smog concentration continuously rises and is higher than the preset threshold value, when flame signal constantly strengthens, send tertiary early warning signal to fire extinguishing systems, combine infrared detection technique to find the fire source scope, and open a plurality of control flap 12 that a plurality of shower nozzles 15 near the fire source scope link to each other, fire extinguishing systems sprays the fire extinguishing agent that tertiary early warning corresponds the setting quantity through a plurality of shower nozzles 15, carry out the multiple spot processing of putting out a fire to the battery, and simultaneously, control system 6 still can give alarm system 10 and send out the instruction, take place the condition of a fire with the battery in reminding staff battery cabinet 1.
Through the technical scheme, the utility model provides a multistage early warning fire control unit for lithium ion battery cabinet, when detecting lithium cell 2 temperature anomaly but not reaching preset temperature threshold value, send one-level early warning signal to fire extinguishing systems promptly, just carry out the early warning when the battery has not taken place the naked light yet, start second grade early warning and tertiary early warning when detecting smog signal and flame signal, accomplish early warning and the safety precaution of different stages; when the utility model sends a second-level early warning signal to the fire extinguishing system, the spray head 15 near the fire source position is started to spray the fire extinguishing agent, more accurate and rapid fire extinguishing treatment is realized according to the fire source position and the fire range, and the influence on other batteries can be reduced as much as possible; the utility model discloses spray the fire extinguishing agent that this level of early warning corresponds the setting quantity according to different response ranks, do not belong to the total flooding and put out a fire, the fire extinguishing agent quantity that needs is less relatively, can not cause unnecessary extravagant.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.

Claims (6)

1. A multi-stage early warning fire-fighting device for a lithium ion battery cabinet is characterized by comprising the battery cabinet, a lithium battery arranged in the battery cabinet, a detection module arranged at the top of the inner side of the battery cabinet and used for detecting abnormal temperature signals, smoke signals and flame signals, a fire extinguishing system, a control system arranged outside the battery cabinet and an alarm system, the fire extinguishing system comprises spray heads, a fire extinguishing agent storage tank, a control valve and a flow controller, wherein the spray heads are arranged on the side wall of the battery cabinet and positioned around the lithium battery, the fire extinguishing agent storage tank is connected with the control valve through a pipeline in sequence.
2. The multi-stage early warning and fire fighting device for the lithium ion battery cabinet according to claim 1, wherein the detection module comprises an infrared temperature detector, a smoke detector and a flame detector, and the infrared temperature detector, the smoke detector and the flame detector are respectively connected with the control system.
3. The multi-stage early warning and fire fighting device for the lithium ion battery cabinet according to claim 2, wherein the control system comprises a BMS battery management system and a battery state analysis module, the battery state analysis module is respectively connected with the smoke detector and the flame detector, the infrared temperature detector is connected with a signal acquisition port of the BMS battery management system, and a signal output end of the BMS battery management system is respectively connected with a control valve and an alarm system in the fire extinguishing system through the battery state analysis module.
4. The multi-stage early warning and fire fighting device for the lithium ion battery cabinet according to claim 1, wherein the battery cabinet comprises an observation window, and the observation window is made of fireproof and explosion-proof glass.
5. The multi-stage early warning and fire fighting device for the lithium ion battery cabinet according to claim 1, wherein the lithium battery is a lithium iron phosphate battery, and the lithium iron phosphate battery is provided with a plurality of lithium iron phosphate batteries and is installed on a fixing bracket of the battery cabinet.
6. The multi-stage early warning and fire fighting device for the lithium ion battery cabinet according to claim 1, wherein the fire extinguishing agent stored in the fire extinguishing agent storage tank is perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent, the amount of the fire extinguishing agent adopted by different early warning levels is different, the amount of the fire extinguishing agent corresponding to the third-stage early warning is higher than the amount of the fire extinguishing agent corresponding to the second-stage early warning, and the amount of the fire extinguishing agent corresponding to the second-stage early warning is higher than the amount of the fire extinguishing agent corresponding to the first-stage early warning.
CN202022752287.7U 2020-11-24 2020-11-24 A multistage early warning fire control unit for lithium ion battery cabinet Active CN213884820U (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115006759A (en) * 2022-05-18 2022-09-06 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 Energy storage power station safety system based on extremely early detection and directional fire extinguishing
CN115068863A (en) * 2022-07-22 2022-09-20 中国建筑科学研究院有限公司 Container type lithium battery energy storage power station fireproof system
CN115671610A (en) * 2022-09-08 2023-02-03 广东电网有限责任公司 Electrochemistry energy storage station battery compartment fire extinguishing system

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115006759A (en) * 2022-05-18 2022-09-06 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 Energy storage power station safety system based on extremely early detection and directional fire extinguishing
CN115068863A (en) * 2022-07-22 2022-09-20 中国建筑科学研究院有限公司 Container type lithium battery energy storage power station fireproof system
CN115671610A (en) * 2022-09-08 2023-02-03 广东电网有限责任公司 Electrochemistry energy storage station battery compartment fire extinguishing system

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