CN110616688A - Rotational flow shaft type energy dissipation structure - Google Patents
Rotational flow shaft type energy dissipation structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN110616688A CN110616688A CN201910819031.2A CN201910819031A CN110616688A CN 110616688 A CN110616688 A CN 110616688A CN 201910819031 A CN201910819031 A CN 201910819031A CN 110616688 A CN110616688 A CN 110616688A
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- shaft
- flow
- energy dissipation
- vertical shaft
- rotational flow
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- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009537 plain noodles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/06—Spillways; Devices for dissipation of energy, e.g. for reducing eddies also for lock or dry-dock gates
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rotational flow vertical shaft type energy dissipation structure which comprises an upper flat section, a rotational flow vertical shaft and a lower flat section. The upper end of the rotational flow vertical shaft is communicated with the external environment through an inlet hole, the lower end of the rotational flow vertical shaft is communicated with the external environment through an outlet hole, the port of the inlet hole is used as a flow channel inlet, and the port of the outlet hole is used as a flow channel outlet. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, after the fluid is fed from the inlet of the flow channel, when the flow rate or the flow velocity of the fluid is small, the fluid directly enters the rotational flow shaft to flow in a vortex mode, and most energy in the fluid is eliminated; when the flow rate or the flow velocity of the fluid is large, part of the fluid passes through the vortex shaft and is slapped on the energy dissipation wall at the port of the vortex shaft, part of the water flow energy is dissipated through the energy dissipation wall, the water body which is reflected and reflows continuously collides and mixes with the upstream water flow in the vortex shaft, and the energy in the water body is dissipated again and then flows out, so that the hydraulic impact of the fluid on downstream building facilities is reduced, the building structure safety is protected, and the engineering operation risk is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to the technical field of flood discharge and energy dissipation of a flow passage in hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering, and particularly relates to a rotational flow shaft type energy dissipation structure.
Background
As a flow channel arranged in water conservancy and hydropower engineering, the flow channel not only can meet the flood discharge capacity, but also can ensure the safety of a flood discharge building during operation, is well connected with the original river water flow and can fully play the due energy dissipation effect so as to avoid the scouring damage of the downstream river bed and bank slope caused by the downward discharge water flow. The energy dissipation flow channel is characterized in that a plurality of energy dissipation bodies with different shapes and structures are designed on the surface of the flow channel to increase the roughness of the wall surface of a water flow, and a large amount of aeration is carried out on the flowing water, so that the loss of the on-way capacity of the water flow in the process of discharging the water flow is increased, the downstream energy dissipation pressure is reduced, and meanwhile, aeration corrosion reduction protection is carried out on the surface of the flow channel wall, so that cavitation corrosion is reduced, and the safe operation of a water discharge building is ensured. In the prior art, the design idea of the energy dissipation flow channel is generally as follows: the rivers flow through the slow flow section, through the steep groove section back of accelerateing, through the energy dissipation of energy dissipater, this kind of traditional energy dissipation mode, rivers acceleration process is longer, and the part that probably causes cavitation erosion destruction is longer, and is unfavorable to engineering safety, and the let out tank bottom plate is the plain noodles simultaneously, and no energy dissipation measure leaks rivers energy great, only relies on the energy dissipation of energy dissipater, and the design construction requirement to the relevant facility of energy dissipater is high, and construction engineering investment construction cost is big.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a rotational flow shaft type energy dissipation structure.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a rotational flow shaft type energy dissipation structure which comprises a rotational flow shaft, wherein the upper end of the rotational flow shaft is communicated with the external environment through an upper flat section, the lower end of the rotational flow shaft is communicated with the external environment through a lower flat section, the port of the upper flat section is used as a flow passage inlet, and the port of the lower flat section is used as a flow passage outlet.
And an energy dissipation wall is further arranged at the downstream of the upper end port of the rotational flow vertical shaft and is opposite to the upper flat section hole.
The cross sections of the upper flat section and the lower flat section are one of open channel sections, city gate-shaped sections, circles and horseshoe shapes.
An inlet weir head is arranged at the inlet of the flow channel.
The rotational flow vertical shaft is arranged at a position close to the runner inlet or the runner outlet.
And a water cushion and a lining structure are arranged at the bottom of the rotational flow vertical shaft.
The inlet hole length is greater than 1 hole diameter.
The rotational flow vertical shaft is a circular, oval and smooth gradually-changed curved surface section.
The number of the flow passages is one, and the swirl vertical shaft and the water cushions are arranged one by one or a plurality of in an alternate way.
The flow channel can also be a plurality of, a plurality of swirl vertical shafts are arranged among a plurality of parallel flow channels, the lower water cushion is communicated into one, and a plurality of swirl vertical shafts and water cushions can also be arranged at intervals.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by adopting the technical scheme of the invention, when the fluid sent from the flow channel inlet flows through the flow channel surface in the inlet hole, the fluid firstly enters the rotational flow vertical shaft and flows in the rotational flow vertical shaft in a vortex mode, thereby digesting most energy in the fluid and reducing hydraulic impact of the fluid on downstream facilities, the water flow digested by the rotational flow vertical shaft flows out from the outlet hole again, so that the flow state direction of the fluid tends to be uniform again, thereby improving the hydraulic condition of the water flow, in addition, when the flow of the water flow at the inlet hole is larger, a part of the water flow can cross the rotational flow vertical shaft and beat on an energy dissipation wall at the port of the rotational flow vertical shaft, the energy of a part of the water flow can be digested through the energy dissipation wall, in addition, the rotational flow vertical shaft is communicated with the external environment atmosphere through an air supplement pipe, so that good ventilation is kept in the rotational flow vertical shaft, and the flow, the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient construction, low construction cost and the like, and is suitable for wide popularization and application in the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of an embodiment of the present invention.
The method comprises the following steps: 1-inlet hole, 2-cyclone vertical shaft, 3-outlet hole, 4-air supplement pipe, 5-energy dissipation wall, 11-flow channel inlet, 12-inlet weir head, 21-water cushion and 31-flow channel outlet.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited thereto.
The invention discloses a rotational flow shaft type energy dissipation structure, which comprises a rotational flow shaft 2, wherein the upper end of the rotational flow shaft 2 is communicated with the external environment through an upper flat section 1, the lower end of the rotational flow shaft 2 is communicated with the external environment through a lower flat section 3, the port of the upper flat section 1 is used as a flow channel inlet 11, and the port of the lower flat section 3 is used as a flow channel outlet 31, as shown in figures 1-4.
By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, when the fluid sent from the flow channel inlet flows through the flow channel surface in the inlet hole, the fluid firstly enters the rotational flow vertical shaft and flows in the rotational flow vertical shaft in a vortex mode, thereby digesting most energy in the fluid and reducing hydraulic impact of the fluid on downstream facilities, the water flow digested by the rotational flow vertical shaft flows out from the outlet hole again, so that the flow state direction of the fluid tends to be uniform again, thereby improving the hydraulic condition of the water flow, in addition, when the flow of the water flow at the inlet hole is larger, a part of the water flow can cross the rotational flow vertical shaft and beat on an energy dissipation wall at the port of the rotational flow vertical shaft, the energy of a part of the water flow can be digested through the energy dissipation wall, in addition, the rotational flow vertical shaft is communicated with the external environment atmosphere through an air supplement pipe, so that good ventilation is kept in the rotational flow vertical shaft, and the flow, the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient construction, low construction cost and the like, and is suitable for wide popularization and application in the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering.
Further, an energy dissipation wall 5 is further arranged at the upper end port of the rotational flow vertical shaft 2, and the energy dissipation wall 5 is opposite to the opening of the inlet hole 1. The energy dissipation wall 5 is formed by pouring concrete. When the water flow at the inlet hole is large, a part of water flow can cross the rotational flow vertical shaft and flap the energy dissipation wall at the port of the rotational flow vertical shaft, the energy of the part of water flow can be resolved through the energy dissipation wall, and the hydraulic condition of the water flow is further improved. The concrete position of the energy dissipation wall 5 can be determined through hydraulics numerical calculation or physical model tests, so that the reflected water flow can fall into a vertical shaft after the flow velocity is reduced, or the reflected water flow falls into the vertical shaft together after being subjected to energy dissipation through collision of reflection and upstream incoming flow.
Further, it is preferable that the cross section of the outlet hole 3 is one of an open channel section, an urban cave-shaped section, a circle, and a horseshoe. The cross sections of the outlet holes 3 and 3 are one of open channel sections, city gate hole-shaped sections, circles and horseshoe shapes.
The swirl shaft 2 is preferably arranged close to the flow channel inlet 11. To ensure that the outlet flow rate is as low as possible. Or the setting position of the cyclone vertical shaft (2) is close to the inlet (11) of the flow channel, so that most of energy in the flow channel is eliminated at the initial stage, and the structure of the flow channel at the downstream of the cyclone vertical shaft is ensured to be safe to operate. Therefore, fluid entering from the inlet 11 of the flow passage can enter the cyclone vertical shaft 2 in a short time to clear up the energy of the fluid, so that the energy dissipation processing speed is accelerated, the scouring effect on the inlet hole 1 due to the large energy in the water flow is prevented, and the safety of the inlet hole 1 is ensured. The specific position and size of the cyclone vertical shaft 2 can be determined by hydraulic numerical calculation or physical model test and comprehensive consideration of construction technology, so that the reflected water flow can fall into the vertical shaft after the flow velocity is reduced, or the reflected water flow falls into the vertical shaft together after energy dissipation of collision between the reflected water flow and upstream incoming flow is realized. The depth of the cyclone vertical shaft 2 should be as close as possible to the outlet elevation of the bottom hole section so as to reduce the water flow velocity at the rear part of the vertical shaft and avoid the scouring damage to the buildings at the lower part of the vertical shaft.
Furthermore, a water cushion (21) is arranged at the bottom of the rotational flow vertical shaft (2), and the size, the lining structure and the depth of the water cushion are determined through hydraulics calculation and physical model tests according to specific engineering. The arrangement position, the structure size, the lining structure and the like of the rotational flow shaft type energy dissipation structure are determined through hydraulics calculation and physical model tests according to specific engineering.
Further, it is preferable that an inlet weir head 12 is provided at the runner inlet 11. The inlet weir head 12 also serves to dissipate some of the energy in the water stream, further improving the hydraulic conditions of the water stream. The bottom of the cyclone vertical shaft 2 is provided with a water cushion 21 for counteracting the falling energy of the water body and playing a full protection role for the bottom plate of the cyclone vertical shaft. The thickness of the specific water cushion 21 can be demonstrated through a hydraulics numerical calculation or a physical model test.
In addition, the rotational flow vertical shaft (2) is a circular, oval and smooth gradually-changed curved surface section. The cross section of the rotational flow vertical shaft can be a unique cross section or a multi-section structure with the upper part being large and the lower part being small, and the upper part being large and the lower part being large and smoothly gradually changing. And the inlet hole 1 and the rotational flow vertical shaft 2 are respectively provided with a sufficient air supplement hole 4 which is communicated with the inlet hole and the rotational flow vertical shaft to provide sufficient ventilation and air supplement conditions and avoid cavitation erosion damage of the part with severe water flow change. The inlet of the cyclone vertical shaft 2 can form a flared section which is reduced downwards so as to ensure that the water flow falls in the maximum range. The bottom of the energy dissipation wall 5 should form a chamfer angle to avoid cavitation of the cavity formed by the water flow at the position. The water cushion 21 at the bottom of the cyclone vertical shaft 2 can adopt various energy dissipation modes similar to underflow energy dissipation and form two weirs 6 at the downstream, so that the excavation of the stilling pool is reduced while the thickness of the water cushion 21 is met.
In addition, a plurality of air supply pipes 4 communicated with the external atmospheric environment are arranged on the inner wall of the rotational flow vertical shaft 2. And sufficient ventilation and air supplement conditions are provided, and cavitation erosion damage of the parts with violent water flow change is avoided. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the speed of the fluid flowing out of the flow channel outlet 13 is about 3m/s to 5m/s, so that the speed of the fluid is greatly reduced. And the effect of eliminating the energy in the fluid is very obvious.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a whirl shaft formula dissipation structure which characterized in that: including whirl shaft (2), whirl shaft (2) upper end is through last flat section (1) and external environment intercommunication, whirl shaft (2) lower extreme is through flat section (3) and external environment intercommunication down, go up flat section (1) port department as runner entry (11), flat section (3) port department is as runner export (31) down.
2. The cyclonic shaft energy dissipation structure of claim 1, wherein: and an energy dissipation wall (5) is further arranged at the downstream of the upper end port of the rotational flow vertical shaft (2), and the energy dissipation wall (5) is opposite to the hole of the upper flat section (1).
3. The cyclonic shaft energy dissipation structure of claim 1, wherein: the cross sections of the upper flat section (1) and the lower flat section (3) are one of open channel sections, city gate-shaped sections, circles and horseshoe shapes.
4. The cyclonic shaft energy dissipation structure of claim 1, wherein: an inlet weir head (12) is arranged at the position of the runner inlet (11).
5. The cyclonic shaft energy dissipation structure of claim 1, wherein: the cyclone vertical shaft (2) is arranged close to the runner inlet (11) or the runner outlet (31).
6. The cyclonic shaft energy dissipation structure of claim 1, wherein: and a water cushion (21) and a lining structure are arranged at the bottom of the rotational flow vertical shaft (2).
7. The rotational flow shaft type energy dissipation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length of the inlet hole (1) is more than 1 time of the hole diameter.
8. The cyclonic shaft energy dissipation structure of claim 1, wherein: the rotational flow vertical shaft (2) is a circular, oval and smooth gradually-changed curved surface section.
9. A cyclonic shaft energy dissipater structure as claimed in claim 1 or 6, wherein: the number of the flow passages is one, and the cyclone vertical shafts (2) and the water cushions (21) are arranged one by one or a plurality of alternately.
10. A cyclonic shaft energy dissipater structure as claimed in claim 1 or 6, wherein: the flow passages can be multiple, a plurality of cyclone vertical shafts (2) are arranged among the parallel flow passages, the lower water cushion (21) is communicated with one cyclone vertical shaft, and the cyclone vertical shafts (2) and the water cushions (21) can be arranged at intervals.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910819031.2A CN110616688A (en) | 2019-08-30 | 2019-08-30 | Rotational flow shaft type energy dissipation structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910819031.2A CN110616688A (en) | 2019-08-30 | 2019-08-30 | Rotational flow shaft type energy dissipation structure |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110616688A true CN110616688A (en) | 2019-12-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910819031.2A Pending CN110616688A (en) | 2019-08-30 | 2019-08-30 | Rotational flow shaft type energy dissipation structure |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN110616688A (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101148867A (en) * | 2007-10-19 | 2008-03-26 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Flood discharging method and flood discharging tunnel employing rotational flow and strong moisture mixing energy dissipation |
| CN102767164A (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2012-11-07 | 华北水利水电学院 | Bidirectional inflow whirling current type shaft facility for flood discharge and energy dissipation in dam |
| CN104452701A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-03-25 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Rotational flow shaft type drainage tunnel |
-
2019
- 2019-08-30 CN CN201910819031.2A patent/CN110616688A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101148867A (en) * | 2007-10-19 | 2008-03-26 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Flood discharging method and flood discharging tunnel employing rotational flow and strong moisture mixing energy dissipation |
| CN102767164A (en) * | 2012-08-16 | 2012-11-07 | 华北水利水电学院 | Bidirectional inflow whirling current type shaft facility for flood discharge and energy dissipation in dam |
| CN104452701A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-03-25 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Rotational flow shaft type drainage tunnel |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 中国水力发电工程学会等: "21世纪水力发电工程科学技术发展战略研讨会论文集", 30 November 1999, 中国电力出版社, pages: 140 - 141 * |
| 雷刚;张建民;谢金元;许唯临;陈剑刚;任雨;: "一种新型掺气型旋流竖井的试验研究", 水力发电学报, no. 05, pages 86 - 92 * |
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