CN110615386A - Fork truck that commodity circulation field used - Google Patents
Fork truck that commodity circulation field used Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110615386A CN110615386A CN201910973458.8A CN201910973458A CN110615386A CN 110615386 A CN110615386 A CN 110615386A CN 201910973458 A CN201910973458 A CN 201910973458A CN 110615386 A CN110615386 A CN 110615386A
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- Prior art keywords
- gear
- fork
- arc
- plate
- way clutch
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
- B66F9/12—Platforms; Forks; Other load supporting or gripping members
- B66F9/14—Platforms; Forks; Other load supporting or gripping members laterally movable, e.g. swingable, for slewing or transverse movements
- B66F9/147—Whole unit including fork support moves relative to mast
- B66F9/149—Whole unit including fork support rotates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
- B66F9/12—Platforms; Forks; Other load supporting or gripping members
- B66F9/19—Additional means for facilitating unloading
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
- B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
- B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
- B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
- B66F9/20—Means for actuating or controlling masts, platforms, or forks
- B66F9/24—Electrical devices or systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
- Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of forklifts, and particularly relates to a forklift used in the field of logistics, which comprises a forklift body, a portal frame, a fork frame and a fork mechanism, wherein the fork frame is vertically arranged on the portal frame arranged at the front section of the forklift body in a sliding manner, and the fork mechanism is fixedly arranged at the lower side in front of the fork frame; when goods are unloaded to the front side of the narrow space limited by free steering, the electric drive module A and the electric drive module B drive the fork truck to incline, and the goods slide down from the inclined fork truck to the front position of the side of the truck body, and then the goods can be unloaded and stacked to the front position of the side of the truck body by small movement of workers; compared with the traditional forklift, the forklift can unload and stack goods in a narrow space with limited steering, saves labor and has higher efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of forklifts, and particularly relates to a forklift used in the field of logistics.
Background
When a forklift used for carrying goods with larger mass in the logistics industry carries large goods, the forklift has great advantages compared with manual carrying; compared with manual carrying, the mechanical forklift has higher carrying efficiency; compared with manual carrying, the cost for carrying the goods is lower; however, in the process of transporting goods by the forklift, the goods transported by the forklift jolt in the transporting process due to the speed of the forklift and the smoothness of the road surface; if the bottom center department of fork truck's fork do not fork the goods leads to the focus of goods skew the central point between two forks to put for goods leads to the goods to take place more and incline or even slide from the fork owing to jolting repeatedly in the transportation, thereby damages the goods of transport. When discovering the goods and taking place the incline at the transport goods in-process, because the goods quality that fork truck carried is great, so can't be directly to the goods position that is located on the fork adjusting, can only drive fork truck this moment and steadily fall on ground the goods earlier then adjust the position of goods on fork truck, the efficiency of this kind of position control mode is lower to influence the efficiency of goods transport. In addition, if the forklift for forking the goods places the goods at the front position of the forklift side in a narrow space, the forklift cannot steer in the narrow space due to space limitation, so that the goods on the forklift cannot be smoothly placed at the front position of the forklift side, and the efficiency of the forklift for transporting and unloading the goods is further influenced; in view of the above disadvantages of the conventional forklift, a new forklift needs to be designed.
The invention designs a forklift used in the field of logistics to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a forklift used in the field of logistics, which is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention conventionally use, which are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, or be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The utility model provides a fork truck that commodity circulation field used which characterized in that: the fork truck comprises a truck body, a portal frame, a fork frame and a fork mechanism, wherein the fork frame is vertically arranged on the portal frame on the front section of the truck body in a sliding mode, and the fork mechanism is fixedly arranged on the lower side in front of the fork frame.
The fork mechanism comprises an L plate, an arc toothed plate, an electric drive module B, a gear B, a fork pallet, a roll shaft, a carrier roller, a gear E, a gear F, a one-way clutch A, a gear C, a one-way clutch B, a gear D, an arc toothed bar, an electric drive module A and a gear A, wherein the vertical section of the L plate is arranged on the front plate surface of the fork frame; the fork pallet swings above the horizontal section of the L board around a fixed central axis, and the central axis when the fork pallet swings is perpendicular to the surface of the vertical section of the L board and is positioned on the central plane of the horizontal section of the L board.
Two arc racks with arc center axes coincident with the center axis of the fork plate when swinging are arranged on the lower surface of the fork plate; the concave cambered surface of the arc-shaped rack is a tooth surface; the two arc-shaped racks respectively slide in the two guide grooves on the surface of the horizontal section of the L-shaped plate around the corresponding arc center axes; the plurality of carrier rollers uniformly rotate in the square groove at the center of the fork pallet at intervals along the direction which is perpendicular to the arc center axis of the arc-shaped rack and parallel to the pallet fork plate surface; one end, close to the vertical section of the L plate, of the roll shaft on which each carrier roller is arranged is provided with a gear E, and any two adjacent gears E are in transmission connection through a gear F arranged on the fork pallet; a one-way clutch A and a one-way clutch B are respectively arranged on the first roll shaft and the last roll shaft; the one-way clutch A is provided with a gear C, and the one-way clutch B is provided with a gear D; the gear C and the gear D are simultaneously matched with an arc toothed plate arranged on the surface of the vertical section of the L plate; the gear A driven by the electric driving module A is meshed with the arc-shaped rack on the same side of the gear C, and the gear B driven by the electric driving module B is meshed with the arc-shaped rack on the same side of the gear D.
As a further improvement of the technology, the direction in which the outer ring of the one-way clutch a drives the inner ring to synchronously rotate is opposite to the direction in which the outer ring of the one-way clutch B drives the inner ring to synchronously rotate, so that when the fork truck is driven by the electric drive module a or the electric drive module B to incline, the rotation direction of the coaxial carrier roller driven by the one-way clutch a is opposite to the rotation direction of the coaxial carrier roller driven by the one-way clutch B, which is beneficial to effectively adjusting the cargoes in different inclination directions.
As a further improvement of the technology, a plurality of swing grooves are uniformly arranged on the horizontal section plate surface of the L-shaped plate at intervals along the direction vertical to the vertical section plate surface of the L-shaped plate; a plurality of V-shaped plates are uniformly arranged on the lower surface of the fork pallet at intervals along the direction vertical to the surface of the vertical section of the L-shaped plate; the centers of the V-shaped surfaces of the V-shaped plates are respectively hinged with the inner walls of the swing grooves through hinge pins, and the swing grooves provide effective moving space for the swing of the V-shaped plates. The arc center axes of the two arc-shaped racks coincide with the central axis of the hinge pin of the V plate, the arc center axes of the arc-shaped toothed plates coincide with the central axis of the hinge pin of the V plate, and therefore the two arc-shaped racks are always meshed with the gear A and the gear B respectively, and the gear C or the gear D is always meshed with the arc-shaped toothed plates in the swinging process of the fork pallet.
As a further improvement of the technology, an arc-shaped groove is formed on the vertical section plate surface of the L plate, and the arc center axis of the arc-shaped groove is superposed with the arc center axis of the arc-shaped rack; the arc toothed plate is arranged in the middle of the outer convex arc surface of the arc groove. The arc wall has saved the space that the arc pinion rack took on L board face when providing effective support for the arc pinion rack for the fork pallet can further be close to the vertical section face of L board, and then makes the goods that is located on the fork pallet be close to the vertical section face of L board more, and the dependence of the vertical section of L board to the goods guarantees that the goods is more steady in handling.
As a further improvement of the technology, two mounting grooves are symmetrically formed in two sides of the vertical section of the L-shaped plate; the electric drive module A and the electric drive module B are respectively arranged in the two mounting grooves; output shafts of the electric drive module A and the electric drive module B are respectively matched with two shaft hole bearings on the vertical section plate surface of the L plate; the gear A is mounted on the output shaft of the electric drive module A, and the gear B is mounted on the output shaft of the electric drive module B. The mounting groove has saved and has electrically driven module A and electrically driven module B and in the vertical section of L board lock the space that occupies, drive module A and electrically drive module B formation effective protection to electrically.
As a further improvement of the technology, the carrier roller has elasticity, and the topmost end of the carrier roller is higher than the upper surface of the fork plate, so that when goods are positioned on the fork plate, the goods deform the surface of the carrier roller, the bottom of the goods can be contacted with the upper surface of the fork plate, the upper surface of the fork plate can effectively support the goods, the goods are more stable in the carrying process, meanwhile, the contact area between the deformed carrier roller and the goods is increased, and the support for the bottom of the goods is facilitated; the deformable carrier roller is used for increasing the friction between the goods and the carrier roller, so that the goods are not easy to slide relative to the fork pallet due to bumping in the carrying process, and the stability of goods carrying is further ensured; in addition, have elastic bearing roller and take place the deformation back under the action of cargo pressure, when the adjustment goods position, under the effect of the bearing roller that has warp, the speed that the goods sideslips along fork pallet surface can not be very big, is favorable to the slow adjustment of goods position, only carries out slow adjustment to the goods, just the excessive condition of goods position adjustment can not appear, improves the efficiency of goods position adjustment indirectly.
As a further improvement of the technology, the transmission ratio of the gear C to the gear D is 1:1, so that the rotating speed of the gear C is equal to that of the gear D before the gear C is separated from the arc toothed plate; before the gear D is separated from the arc toothed plate, the rotating speed of the gear D is equal to that of the gear C, so that the phenomenon that the rotation of a carrier roller which is coaxial with the one-way clutch A or the one-way clutch B is stopped and the stopped carrier roller is in sliding friction with goods and is not beneficial to the adjustment of the position of the goods due to the fact that the speed of an inner ring of the one-way clutch A or the one-way clutch B which should play an overrunning role is higher than that of an outer ring of the one-way clutch A or the; and vice versa.
Compared with the traditional forklift, the electric drive module A and the electric drive module B drive the fork board to swing around the hinge point of the V board so as to adjust the position of the goods with shifted gravity center positions on the fork board, one side of the fork board close to the gravity center of the goods swings upwards around the hinge point of the V board under the driving of the electric drive module A and the electric drive module B, and one side of the fork board far away from the gravity center of the goods swings downwards around the hinge point of the V board under the driving of the electric drive module A and the electric drive module B, so that the whole goods is inclined at a proper angle; when goods are driven by the fork pallet to incline, a plurality of carrier rollers arranged in a square groove in the middle of the fork pallet rotate, and the rotating carrier rollers drive the goods to slide downwards along the inclined surface of the fork pallet towards the middle of the fork pallet; when goods are about to reach the middle part of the fork pallet, the fork pallet resets under the reverse driving of the electric drive module A and the electric drive module B, in the resetting process, the goods continue to move towards the middle part of the fork pallet under the combined action of gravity and motion inertia, and the goods drive the carrier rollers to continue to rotate along the same direction; when the fork pallet just resets, the goods reachd the middle part of fork pallet basically to realize fork truck in the adjustment of the position of carrying the goods that the skew took place to the gravity center, avoid taking place the goods of skew because the goods that leads to jolts repeatedly continues the skew and the goods damage that the landing caused in the handling. In addition, the invention can finish the unloading of goods to a fixed position in a narrower space; when goods are unloaded to the front side of the narrow space limited by free steering, the electric drive module A and the electric drive module B drive the fork truck to incline, and the goods slide down from the inclined fork truck to the front position of the side of the truck body, and then the goods can be unloaded and stacked to the front position of the side of the truck body by small movement of workers; compared with the traditional forklift, the forklift can unload and stack goods in a narrow space with limited steering, saves labor and has higher efficiency; the invention has simple structure and better use effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic view of a forklift.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a fork mechanism.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the arc-shaped toothed plate matched with the gear C and the gear D.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the gear a, the gear B and the arc-shaped rack.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the L-board, V-board and pallet fork assembly.
Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an L-plate and its components.
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the electric drive module a, gear A, L plate, electric drive module B, and gear B in combination.
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of gear C, one-way clutch A, roller shaft, gear E, gear F, roller shaft, one-way clutch B, and gear D in combination.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a pallet fork.
Number designation in the figures: 1. a vehicle body; 2. a gantry; 3. a fork; 4. a fork mechanism; 5. an L plate; 6. a swinging groove; 7. an arc-shaped slot; 8. a guide groove; 9. mounting grooves; 10. a shaft hole; 11. an arc toothed plate; 12. an electric drive module B; 13. a gear B; 14. a pallet fork; 15. a square groove; 17. a roll shaft; 21. a carrier roller; 22. a gear E; 23. a gear F; 29. a one-way clutch A; 30. a gear C; 31. a one-way clutch B; 32. a gear D; 33. an arc-shaped rack; 34. a V plate; 35. an electric drive module A; 36. gear a.
Detailed Description
The drawings are schematic illustrations of the implementation of the present invention to facilitate understanding of the principles of structural operation. The specific product structure and the proportional size are determined according to the use environment and the conventional technology.
As shown in fig. 1, the forklift truck comprises a truck body 1, a portal frame 2, a fork frame 3 and a fork mechanism 4, wherein the fork frame 3 is vertically slid on the portal frame 2 arranged at the front section of the truck body 1, and the fork mechanism 4 is fixedly arranged at the front lower side of the fork frame 3.
As shown in fig. 2, the fork mechanism 4 includes an L plate 5, an arc-shaped toothed plate 11, an electric drive module B12, a gear B13, a fork pallet 14, a roller shaft 17, a carrier roller 21, a gear E22, a gear F23, a one-way clutch a29, a gear C30, a one-way clutch B31, a gear D32, an arc-shaped rack 33, an electric drive module a35, and a gear a36, wherein a vertical section of the L plate 5 is mounted on a front plate surface of the fork carriage 3 as shown in fig. 1; as shown in fig. 2 and 5, the fork truck board 14 swings around a fixed central axis above the horizontal section of the L board 5, and the central axis of the swing fork truck board 14 is perpendicular to the vertical section of the L board 5 and is located on the central plane of the horizontal section of the L board 5.
As shown in fig. 8, two arc-shaped racks 33 having arc-shaped central axes coinciding with the central axis of the fork plate 14 when it swings are mounted on the lower surface of the fork plate 14; the concave cambered surface of the arc-shaped rack 33 is a tooth surface; as shown in fig. 4 and 6, the two arc-shaped racks 33 respectively slide in the two guide grooves 8 on the horizontal section of the L-shaped plate 5 around the corresponding arc center axes; as shown in fig. 2, 5 and 9, a plurality of supporting rollers 21 are uniformly and alternately rotated in the square groove 15 at the center of the fork pallet 14 along the direction perpendicular to the arc center axis of the arc-shaped rack 33 and parallel to the plate surface of the fork pallet 14; as shown in fig. 8, one end of the roller shaft 17 where each carrier roller 21 is located, which is close to the vertical section of the L-shaped plate 5, is provided with a gear E22, and any two adjacent gears E22 are in transmission connection with each other through a gear F23 arranged on the fork pallet 14; the first roller shaft 17 and the last roller shaft 17 are respectively provided with a one-way clutch A29 and a one-way clutch B31; the one-way clutch A29 is provided with a gear C30, and the one-way clutch B31 is provided with a gear D32; as shown in fig. 3 and 6, the gear C30 and the gear D32 are simultaneously engaged with the arc-shaped toothed plate 11 mounted on the vertical section plate surface of the L-plate 5; as shown in fig. 4 and 7, the gear a36 driven by the electric drive module a35 is engaged with the arc-shaped rack 33 on the same side as the gear C30, and the gear B13 driven by the electric drive module B12 is engaged with the arc-shaped rack 33 on the same side as the gear D32.
As shown in fig. 3, the direction in which the outer ring of the one-way clutch a29 drives the inner ring to rotate synchronously is opposite to the direction in which the outer ring of the one-way clutch B31 drives the inner ring to rotate synchronously, so that when the fork truck 14 is driven by the electric drive module a35 or the electric drive module B12 to tilt, the direction in which the one-way clutch a29 drives the coaxial carrier roller 21 to rotate is opposite to the direction in which the one-way clutch B31 drives the coaxial carrier roller 21 to rotate, which is beneficial to effectively adjusting the cargos in different tilting directions.
As shown in fig. 6, a plurality of swing grooves 6 are uniformly arranged on the horizontal section of the L-shaped plate 5 at intervals along a direction perpendicular to the vertical section of the L-shaped plate 5; as shown in fig. 8, a plurality of V-shaped plates 34 are uniformly arranged on the lower surface of the fork pallet 14 at intervals along a direction perpendicular to the vertical section plate surface of the L-shaped plate 5; as shown in fig. 5, the V-shaped centers of the V-shaped plates 34 are respectively hinged to the inner walls of the swing grooves 6 through hinge pins, and the swing grooves 6 provide effective movement space for the swing of the V-shaped plates 34. As shown in fig. 8, the arc center axes of the two arc-shaped racks 33 coincide with the central axis of the hinge pin of the V-plate 34, and the arc center axis of the arc-shaped toothed plate 11 coincides with the central axis of the hinge pin of the V-plate 34, so as to ensure that the two arc-shaped racks 33 are always engaged with the gear a36 and the gear B13, respectively, and the gear C30 or the gear D32 is always engaged with the arc-shaped toothed plate 11 during the swinging process of the fork pallet 14.
As shown in fig. 6, an arc-shaped slot 7 is formed on the vertical section of the L-shaped plate 5, and the arc axis of the arc-shaped slot 7 coincides with the arc axis of the arc-shaped rack 33; the arc toothed plate 11 is arranged in the middle of the convex arc surface of the arc groove 7. The arc wall 7 has saved the space that arc pinion rack 11 occupied on 5 faces of L board when providing effective support for arc pinion rack 11 for fork board 14 can further be close to 5 vertical section faces of L board, and then makes the goods that are located on fork board 14 can be close to 5 vertical section faces of L board more, and the dependence of 5 vertical sections of L board to the goods guarantees that the goods is more steady in handling.
As shown in fig. 6, two mounting grooves 9 are symmetrically formed on both sides of the vertical section of the L-shaped plate 5; as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the electric drive module a35 and the electric drive module B12 are respectively installed in the two installation grooves 9; the output shafts of the electric drive module A35 and the electric drive module B12 are respectively in bearing fit with two shaft holes 10 on the vertical section plate surface of the L-shaped plate 5; gear a36 is mounted on the output shaft of the electric drive module a35 and gear B13 is mounted on the output shaft of the electric drive module B12. The mounting slot 9 provides effective protection for the electric drive module a35 and the electric drive module B12 while saving the space occupied by the electric drive module a35 and the electric drive module B12 locked on the vertical section of the L-plate 5.
As shown in fig. 5, the carrier roller 21 has elasticity, and the topmost end of the carrier roller 21 is higher than the upper surface of the fork plate 14, so that when goods are located on the fork plate 14, the goods deform the surface of the carrier roller 21, the bottom of the goods can be in contact with the upper surface of the fork plate 14, the upper surface of the fork plate 14 can effectively support the goods, the goods are more stable in the carrying process, and meanwhile, the contact area between the deformed carrier roller and the goods is increased, which is more beneficial to supporting the bottom of the goods; the deformable carrier rollers are selected to help increase friction between the goods and the carrier rollers, so that the goods are not easy to slide relative to the fork pallet 14 due to bumping in the carrying process, and the stability of goods carrying is further ensured; in addition, have elastic bearing roller 21 and take place the deformation back under the action of goods pressure, when the adjustment goods position, under the effect of bearing roller 21 that has warp, the speed that the goods sideslips along fork 14 surface of goods can not be very big, is favorable to the slow adjustment of goods position, only carries out slow adjustment to the goods, just can not appear the excessive condition of goods position adjustment, indirectly improves the efficiency of goods position adjustment.
As shown in fig. 3 and 8, the transmission ratio of the gear C30 to the gear D32 is 1:1, so that before the gear C30 is disengaged from the arc-shaped toothed plate 11, the rotation speed of the gear C30 is equal to the rotation speed of the gear D32; before the gear D32 is separated from the arc-shaped toothed plate 11, the rotating speed of the gear D32 is equal to that of the gear C30, so that the phenomenon that the rotation of a carrier roller 21 which is coaxial with the one-way clutch A29 or the one-way clutch B is stopped and the stopped carrier roller 21 is in sliding friction with goods and is not beneficial to the adjustment of the position of the goods due to the fact that the inner ring speed of the one-way clutch A29 or the one-way clutch B31 which should play an overrunning role is greater than the outer ring speed of the one-way clutch A29; and vice versa.
The vertical sliding of the fork 3 on the mast 2 in the present invention is performed in the prior art.
The electric drive module A35 and the electric drive module B12 both adopt the prior art and are composed of a self-locking motor, a speed reducer and a control unit.
The one-way clutch a29 and the one-way clutch B31 of the present invention are both of the prior art.
According to the invention, the V-shaped plates 34 effectively support the fork pallet 14 and goods on the fork pallet 14, and the interaction of the two arc-shaped racks 33 with the gear A36 and the gear B13 respectively plays an auxiliary role in the position and support of the V-shaped plates 34.
The working process of the invention is as follows: in the initial state, the gear C30 and the gear D32 are meshed with the arc-shaped toothed plate 11 at the same time, so that the plurality of carrier rollers 21 in the initial state cannot rotate under the action of force in any direction along the circumferential direction of the carrier rollers, and if the plurality of carrier rollers 21 are driven to rotate by force in the initial state, any rotating carrier roller 21 drives other roller shafts 17 and other carrier rollers 21 to synchronously rotate through the corresponding roller shaft 17, the plurality of gears E22 and the gear F23; because the unidirectional driving action or the overrunning action of the one-way clutch A29 and the unidirectional clutch B31 are opposite, and the motors in the electric drive module A35 and the electric drive module B12 are self-locking motors, at the moment, one of the one-way clutch A29 and the one-way clutch B31 always plays a driving action and prevents the roller shaft 17 in which the one-way clutch A29 or the one-way clutch B31 plays a driving action and prevents all the carrier rollers 21 from rotating through the roller shaft 17 in which the one-way clutch A29 or the one-way clutch B31 plays a driving action and a series of transmission; when making the transport goods under normal condition, be sliding friction completely between goods and the bearing roller 21, have elastic bearing roller 21 in addition and take place deformation under the pressure of goods, so lie in the difficult slip that takes place for fork pallet 14 of goods on fork pallet 14, guarantee that the goods can not lead to the goods to slide from fork truck because bearing roller 21 is rotatory in handling.
In an initial state, the radian of the meshing point of the gear C30 and the arc-shaped toothed plate 11 from one end of the arc-shaped toothed plate 11 is small, and the radian of the meshing point of the gear D32 and the arc-shaped toothed plate 11 from one end of the arc-shaped toothed plate 11 is also small; the surface of the fork pallet 14 is in a horizontal state; due to the self-locking motors in the electric drive module A35 and the electric drive module B12, the fork pallet 14 cannot be randomly inclined, and the goods cannot slide off the fork pallet 14.
When the invention is used for carrying goods, if the goods on the fork pallet 14 are not in the middle of the fork pallet 14 due to bumping or incorrect initial placement position and the like, in order to prevent the shifted goods from sliding off the fork pallet 14 under continuous bumping, the position of the goods on the fork pallet 14 needs to be adjusted; the adjustment process of the cargo position comprises the following steps:
if the gravity center of the cargo deviates to one side of the gear A36, the electric drive module A35 and the electric drive module B12 are driven to operate simultaneously, the electric drive module A35 drives the gear A36 to rotate, the electric drive module B12 drives the gear B13 to rotate, and the rotation directions of the gear A36 and the gear B13 are the same; the gear A36 and the gear B13 simultaneously drive the fork truck 14 to swing around the hinge point of the V plate 34 and the swing groove 6 of the L plate 5 through the corresponding arc-shaped rack 33, one side of the fork truck 14 with the gear C30 swings upwards around the hinge point of the V plate 34, and one side of the fork truck 14 with the gear D32 swings downwards around the hinge point of the V plate 34; the goods swing around the hinge point of the V plate 34 along with the pallet fork 14 and incline; the fork pallet 14 drives a plurality of carrier rollers 21, a plurality of roller shafts 17, a plurality of gears E22, a plurality of gears F23, a gear C30, a one-way clutch A29, a gear D32 and a one-way clutch B31 to synchronously swing; under the action of the arc-shaped toothed plate 11, the gear C30 and the gear D32 rotate, and the rotation directions of the gear C30 and the gear D32 are the same; at this time, the one-way clutch a29 exerts a one-way driving action, and the one-way clutch B31 exerts an overrunning action; the gear D32 cannot drive the inner ring of the one-way clutch B31 to rotate through the outer ring of the one-way clutch B31, and the inner ring of the one-way clutch B31 cannot actively drive the corresponding gear E22 and the carrier roller 21 to rotate through the corresponding roller shaft 17; meanwhile, the gear C30 drives the inner ring of the one-way clutch A29 to synchronously rotate through the outer ring of the one-way clutch A29, the inner ring of the one-way clutch A29 drives the corresponding gear E22 and the carrier roller 21 to synchronously rotate through the corresponding roller shaft 17, the rotating direction of the carrier roller 21 is consistent with the swinging direction of the fork pallet 14, and the carrier roller 21 coaxial with the one-way clutch A29 drives the goods on the carrier roller to obliquely move downwards along the surface of the fork pallet 14 in the oblique direction; meanwhile, the gear E22 which is coaxial with the one-way clutch A29 drives the adjacent gear E22 to synchronously rotate through the gear F23 which is meshed with the gear E22, the gear E22 drives the gear E22 which is adjacent to the gear E to synchronously rotate through the gear F23 which is arranged on the other side, so that the gears E22 synchronously rotate under the action of one-way driving of the one-way clutch A29, and the gears E22 respectively and simultaneously drive the carrier rollers 21 to synchronously rotate through the corresponding roller shafts 17; the rotation directions of the plurality of carrier rollers 21 are the same, so that the goods synchronously swinging along with the fork pallet 14 can obliquely move downwards relative to the fork pallet 14 along the inclination direction of the fork pallet 14 under the driving of the rotation of the plurality of carrier rollers 21, and the goods gradually move towards the middle position of the fork pallet 14; in the process, the roller 17 in which the one-way clutch B31 is located drives the inner race of the one-way clutch B31 to rotate synchronously with the outer race of the one-way clutch B31. When the pallet fork 14 swings at a small angle, the gear D32 disengages from the arc toothed plate 11, the roller shaft 17 where the one-way clutch B31 is located still drives the inner ring of the one-way clutch B31 to synchronously rotate under the interaction of the corresponding carrier roller 21 and the goods, at this time, the inner ring of the one-way clutch B31 drives the outer ring of the one-way clutch B31 to synchronously rotate, and the outer ring of the one-way clutch B31 drives the gear D32 to synchronously idle.
When the swing angle of the fork pallet 14 reaches about 5 degrees, the electric drive module A35 and the electric drive module B12 stop running, the gear A36 and the gear B13 stop rotating, the gear C30 stops rotating and keeps a meshed state with the arc-shaped toothed plate 11, the fork pallet 14 stops swinging and keeps a tilted state about 5 degrees, and the gear D32 keeps a separated state with the arc-shaped toothed plate 11; at this time, the goods continuously and slowly move downwards along the inclined direction of the fork pallet 14 under the combined action of self gravity and motion inertia; the goods drives the carrier rollers 21 to continuously rotate, and the carrier rollers 21 respectively drive the gears E22 and the gear F23 to continuously rotate through the corresponding roller shafts 17; the roller shaft 17 where the one-way clutch B31 is located drives the inner ring of the one-way clutch B31 to continue rotating, and the inner ring of the one-way clutch B31 drives the gear D32 to continue synchronous idling through the outer ring; meanwhile, the roller shaft 17 where the one-way clutch A29 is located exceeds the outer ring of the one-way clutch A29 to rotate, the one-way clutch A29 plays an overrunning role at the moment, the inner ring of the one-way clutch A29 cannot drive the outer ring of the one-way clutch A29 to rotate, the outer ring of the one-way clutch A29 cannot drive the gear C30 to rotate, and the gear C30 is meshed with the arc-shaped toothed plate 11 and is in a static state. At this time, since the gear D32 is disengaged from the arc-shaped toothed plate 11 and idles, the gear D32 does not prevent the further rotation of the plurality of idlers 21.
When the goods are inclined downwards relative to the fork pallet 14 and are about to reach the middle position of the fork pallet 14, the electric drive module A35 and the electric drive module B12 are controlled to run reversely, and the gear A36 and the gear B13 rotate reversely and synchronously; the gear A36 and the gear B13 respectively drive the fork pallet 14 to reversely swing back around the hinge point of the V plate 34 through the corresponding arc-shaped racks 33; the one-way clutch A29 continues to play an overrunning role, and the inner ring of the one-way clutch A29 continues to synchronously rotate along with the roller shaft 17 where the one-way clutch A is located; the gear C30 reversely rotates under the action of the arc-shaped toothed plate 11 in the synchronous swinging process of the fork pallet 14, and the gear C30 drives the outer ring of the one-way clutch A29 to reversely idle.
When the gear D32 and the arc-shaped toothed plate 11 are meshed again, the goods are about to reach the middle position of the fork pallet 14, at the moment, the one-way clutch B31 plays a one-way driving role, the arc-shaped toothed plate 11 drives the gear D32 to rotate reversely, and the gear D32 drives the coaxial gear E22 and the carrier roller 21 to synchronously rotate reversely through the corresponding roller shaft 17; the gear E22 coaxial with the one-way clutch B31 drives a plurality of roller shafts 17 and carrier rollers 21 to synchronously and reversely rotate through a series of transmissions; the roller shaft 17 where the one-way clutch A29 is located drives the inner ring of the one-way clutch A29 to follow the outer ring of the one-way clutch A29 to synchronously rotate in the reverse direction; the counter-rotating idlers 21 slow the rate at which the load continues to move down the inclined pallet forks 14 so that the load is further slowed down and eventually rests in a central position on the pallet forks 14. When the fork plate 14 is re-engaged with the arc-shaped toothed plate 11 from the gear D32 to recover to the initial state, the operation of the electric drive module a35 and the electric drive module B12 is stopped, at this time, the fork plate 14 swings back by a small angle, the reset engagement stroke of the gear D32 and the arc-shaped toothed plate 11 is small, the goods basically stop at the middle position of the fork plate 14, the position of the goods is adjusted, and the goods are continuously conveyed.
If the gravity center of the cargo deviates to one side of the gear B13, the electric drive module A35 and the electric drive module B12 are driven to simultaneously run in reverse directions, the gear A36 and the gear B13 which rotate in reverse directions simultaneously drive the fork plate 14 to swing around the hinge point of the V plate 34 and the swing groove 6 of the L plate 5 through the corresponding arc-shaped rack 33, one side of the fork plate 14 with the gear D32 swings upwards around the hinge point of the V plate 34, and one side of the fork plate 14 with the gear C30 swings downwards around the hinge point of the V plate 34; the specific process is the same as the above process in principle, except that the gear C30, the gear D32, the gear D32, the one-way clutch a29, the one-way clutch B31, and the one-way clutch B31 in the above process are changed to the one-way clutch a29, and the electric drive module a35 and the electric drive module B12 are simultaneously operated in the forward direction when being reset, which is not described herein again.
When the forklift needs to unload towards the front side of the forklift body 1, the specific process is the same as the position adjustment process of the goods, but the sliding of the goods and the resetting of the fork pallet 14 are different, and the final swinging angle of the electric drive module A35 and the electric drive module B12 for driving the fork pallet 14 through a series of driving belts is far greater than the swinging angle of the fork pallet 14 during the adjustment of the goods, so that the goods can smoothly slide from the fork pallet 14 onto an auxiliary carrying tool on the ground; the process of the goods sliding off the fork pallet 14 and the resetting of the fork pallet 14 when the forklift is unloaded is as follows:
when the fork pallet 14 swings to a proper large angle, the operation of the electric drive module A35 and the electric drive module B12 is stopped, and under the combined action of the self weight and the motion inertia of the goods, the goods start to rapidly move downwards in a slant way and finally fall onto a tool assisting the manual moving of the goods on the ground; in the process that the goods start to accelerate and move obliquely downwards, the speed of the goods driving the plurality of carrier rollers 21 to rotate is increased, the plurality of carrier rollers 21 respectively and simultaneously drive the corresponding roller shafts 17 to increase the rotating speed, if one side of the one-way clutch A29 on the pallet fork 14 is tilted upwards, the roller shaft 17 where the one-way clutch A29 is located drives the inner ring of the one-way clutch A29 to overrun the outer ring thereof to rotate rapidly, the one-way clutch A29 plays an overrunning role at the moment, and the gear C30 with the lower rotating speed cannot prevent the roller shaft 17 where the one-way clutch A29; if one side of the one-way clutch B31 on the fork pallet 14 is tilted upwards, the roller 17 where the one-way clutch B31 is located drives the inner ring of the one-way clutch B31 to overrun the outer ring thereof to rotate quickly, the one-way clutch B31 plays an overrunning role at this moment, and the gear D32 with the slower rotating speed cannot prevent the roller 17 where the one-way clutch B31 is located from rotating in an accelerated manner. If one side of the one-way clutch A29 on the fork pallet 14 is tilted upwards, the roller 17 where the one-way clutch B31 is located drives the gear D32 to accelerate, synchronize and idle through the one-way clutch B31; if one side of the one-way clutch B31 on the fork pallet 14 is tilted upwards, the roller 17 where the one-way clutch A29 is located drives the gear C30 to accelerate, synchronize and idle through the one-way clutch A29.
When the goods are completely separated from the fork pallet 14, the carrier rollers 21 stop rotating rapidly under the action of friction force, and the idle gear D32 or the idle gear C30 stops rotating gradually under the action of friction force; the electric drive module A35 and the electric drive module B12 are controlled to rotate reversely, and the electric drive module A35 and the electric drive module B12 simultaneously drive the gear A36 and the gear B13 to rotate reversely respectively; gear a36 and gear B13 swing back in reverse through a series of drive belts to fork the pallet 14; the gear C30 or the gear D32 is driven by the arc-shaped toothed plate 11 to rotate reversely, if one side of the one-way clutch A29 on the fork pallet 14 falls, the one-way clutch A29 plays an overrunning role at the moment, the gear C30 cannot drive the corresponding roller shaft 17 to rotate through the one-way clutch A29, and the roller shaft 17 where the one-way clutch A29 is located cannot drive the plurality of carrier rollers 21, the plurality of roller shafts 17, the plurality of gears E22, the plurality of gears F23 and the gear D32 to rotate through a series of transmission; if the one-way clutch B31 side of the fork pallet 14 falls, the one-way clutch B31 plays an overrunning role, the gear D32 cannot drive the corresponding roller shaft 17 to rotate through the one-way clutch B31, and the roller shaft 17 where the one-way clutch B31 is located cannot drive the carrier rollers 21, the roller shafts 17, the gears E22, the gears F23 and the gear D32 to rotate through a series of transmission. If the one-way clutch a29 side of the fork pallet 14 falls, when the gear D32, which swings back synchronously with the fork pallet 14, is again engaged with the arc-shaped toothed plate 11, the gear D32 rotates under the action of the arc-shaped toothed plate 11; at the moment, the one-way clutch B31 plays a one-way driving role, and the rotating gear D32 drives the roller shaft 17 where the one-way clutch B31 is located to synchronously rotate in the reverse direction through the one-way clutch B31; the roller shaft 17 where the one-way clutch B31 is located drives the roller shaft 17 where the one-way clutch A29 is located to synchronously rotate in the reverse direction through a series of transmissions, and the roller shaft 17 where the one-way clutch A29 is located drives the inner ring of the one-way clutch A29 to rotate in the reverse direction along with the outer ring of the one-way clutch A29; if the one-way clutch B31 side of the fork pallet 14 falls, when the gear C30 that swings back synchronously with the fork pallet 14 is again engaged with the arc-shaped toothed plate 11, the gear C30 rotates under the action of the arc-shaped toothed plate 11; at the moment, the one-way clutch A29 plays a one-way driving role, and the rotating gear C30 drives the roller shaft 17 where the one-way clutch A29 is located to synchronously rotate in the reverse direction through the one-way clutch A29; the roller shaft 17 where the one-way clutch A29 is located drives the roller shaft 17 where the one-way clutch B31 is located to synchronously rotate in the reverse direction through a series of transmissions, and the roller shaft 17 where the one-way clutch B31 is located drives the inner ring of the one-way clutch B31 to rotate in the reverse direction along with the outer ring of the one-way clutch B31. When the fork lift 14 swings back to the initial position, the operation of the electric drive module a35 and the electric drive module B12 is stopped, and the plurality of gears E22, the plurality of gears F23, the plurality of rollers 17, and the plurality of idlers 21 are stopped.
In conclusion, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the electric drive module A35 and the electric drive module B12 drive the fork truck board 14 to swing around the hinge point of the V board 34 so as to adjust the position of a cargo with a shifted gravity center position on the fork truck board 14, one side of the fork truck board 14 close to the gravity center of the cargo swings upwards around the hinge point of the V board 34 under the drive of the electric drive module A35 and the electric drive module B12, and one side of the fork truck board 14 far away from the gravity center of the cargo swings downwards around the hinge point of the V board 34 under the drive of the electric drive module A35 and the electric drive module B12, so that the cargo is integrally inclined at a proper angle; when goods are driven by the fork pallet 14 to incline, the carrier rollers 21 arranged in the square groove 15 in the middle of the fork pallet 14 rotate, and the rotating carrier rollers 21 drive the goods to slide along the surface of the inclined fork pallet 14 to incline downwards to the middle of the fork pallet 14; when the goods are about to reach the middle part of the fork pallet 14, the fork pallet 14 is reset under the reverse driving of the electric drive module A35 and the electric drive module B12, in the resetting process, the goods continue to move towards the middle part of the fork pallet 14 under the combined action of gravity and motion inertia, and the goods drive the carrier rollers 21 to continue to rotate along the same direction; when fork truck board 14 just resets, the goods reachs the middle part of fork truck board 14 basically to realize fork truck in the adjustment of the position of carrying the goods that the dead center takes place the skew, avoid the goods that takes place the skew to continue the skew and the goods damage that the landing caused owing to jolting repeatedly in handling. In addition, the invention can finish the unloading of goods to a fixed position in a narrower space; when goods are unloaded to the front side of the narrow space with limited free steering, the electric drive module A35 and the electric drive module B12 drive the fork pallet 14 to incline, and the goods slide down from the inclined fork pallet 14 to the front position of the side of the vehicle body 1, and then the unloading and stacking work of the goods to the front position of the side of the vehicle body 1 can be completed by small movement of workers; compared with the traditional forklift, the forklift can unload and stack goods in a narrow space with limited steering, saves labor and has higher efficiency.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a fork truck that commodity circulation field used which characterized in that: the forklift truck comprises a truck body, a portal frame, a fork frame and a fork mechanism, wherein the fork frame is vertically arranged on the portal frame arranged at the front section of the truck body in a sliding manner, and the fork mechanism is fixedly arranged at the lower side in front of the fork frame;
the fork mechanism comprises an L plate, an arc toothed plate, an electric drive module B, a gear B, a fork pallet, a roll shaft, a carrier roller, a gear E, a gear F, a one-way clutch A, a gear C, a one-way clutch B, a gear D, an arc toothed bar, an electric drive module A and a gear A, wherein the vertical section of the L plate is arranged on the front plate surface of the fork frame; the fork pallet swings above the horizontal section of the L-shaped plate around a fixed central axis, and the central axis of the swing fork pallet is perpendicular to the surface of the vertical section of the L-shaped plate and is positioned on the central plane of the horizontal section of the L-shaped plate;
two arc racks with arc center axes coincident with the center axis of the fork plate when swinging are arranged on the lower surface of the fork plate; the concave cambered surface of the arc-shaped rack is a tooth surface; the two arc-shaped racks respectively slide in the two guide grooves on the surface of the horizontal section of the L-shaped plate around the corresponding arc center axes; the plurality of carrier rollers uniformly rotate in the square groove at the center of the fork pallet at intervals along the direction which is perpendicular to the arc center axis of the arc-shaped rack and parallel to the pallet fork plate surface; one end, close to the vertical section of the L plate, of the roll shaft on which each carrier roller is arranged is provided with a gear E, and any two adjacent gears E are in transmission connection through a gear F arranged on the fork pallet; a one-way clutch A and a one-way clutch B are respectively arranged on the first roll shaft and the last roll shaft; the one-way clutch A is provided with a gear C, and the one-way clutch B is provided with a gear D; the gear C and the gear D are simultaneously matched with an arc toothed plate arranged on the surface of the vertical section of the L plate; the gear A driven by the electric driving module A is meshed with the arc-shaped rack on the same side of the gear C, and the gear B driven by the electric driving module B is meshed with the arc-shaped rack on the same side of the gear D.
2. The forklift used in the field of logistics according to claim 1, wherein: the direction of the inner ring synchronous rotation driven by the outer ring of the one-way clutch A is opposite to the direction of the inner ring synchronous rotation driven by the outer ring of the one-way clutch B.
3. The forklift used in the field of logistics according to claim 1, wherein: a plurality of swing grooves are uniformly arranged on the horizontal section plate surface of the L-shaped plate at intervals along the direction vertical to the vertical section plate surface of the L-shaped plate; a plurality of V-shaped plates are uniformly arranged on the lower surface of the fork pallet at intervals along the direction vertical to the surface of the vertical section of the L-shaped plate; the centers of the V-shaped surfaces of the V-shaped plates are respectively hinged with the inner walls of the swing grooves through hinge pins; the arc center axes of the two arc racks are superposed with the central axis of the hinge pin of the V plate; the arc center axis of the arc toothed plate is coincided with the central axis of the hinge pin of the V plate.
4. The forklift used in the field of logistics according to claim 1, wherein: an arc-shaped groove is formed in the surface of the vertical section of the L plate, and the arc center axis of the arc-shaped groove is superposed with the arc center axis of the arc-shaped rack; the arc toothed plate is arranged in the middle of the outer convex arc surface of the arc groove.
5. The forklift used in the field of logistics according to claim 1, wherein: two mounting grooves are symmetrically formed in two sides of the vertical section of the L-shaped plate; the electric drive module A and the electric drive module B are respectively arranged in the two mounting grooves; output shafts of the electric drive module A and the electric drive module B are respectively matched with two shaft hole bearings on the vertical section plate surface of the L plate; the gear A is mounted on the output shaft of the electric drive module A, and the gear B is mounted on the output shaft of the electric drive module B.
6. The forklift used in the field of logistics according to claim 1, wherein: the supporting roller has elasticity, and the topmost end of the supporting roller is higher than the upper surface of the fork pallet.
7. The forklift used in the field of logistics according to claim 1, wherein: the transmission ratio of the gear C to the gear D is 1: 1.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010348863.3A CN111362196B (en) | 2019-10-14 | 2019-10-14 | Fork truck device that commodity circulation field used |
| CN201910973458.8A CN110615386B (en) | 2019-10-14 | 2019-10-14 | Fork truck that commodity circulation field used |
| CN202010349824.5A CN111362197B (en) | 2019-10-14 | 2019-10-14 | Fork truck that commodity circulation field was used |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910973458.8A CN110615386B (en) | 2019-10-14 | 2019-10-14 | Fork truck that commodity circulation field used |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010349824.5A Division CN111362197B (en) | 2019-10-14 | 2019-10-14 | Fork truck that commodity circulation field was used |
| CN202010348863.3A Division CN111362196B (en) | 2019-10-14 | 2019-10-14 | Fork truck device that commodity circulation field used |
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| CN110615386A true CN110615386A (en) | 2019-12-27 |
| CN110615386B CN110615386B (en) | 2020-08-07 |
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| CN202010348863.3A Active CN111362196B (en) | 2019-10-14 | 2019-10-14 | Fork truck device that commodity circulation field used |
| CN201910973458.8A Active CN110615386B (en) | 2019-10-14 | 2019-10-14 | Fork truck that commodity circulation field used |
| CN202010349824.5A Active CN111362197B (en) | 2019-10-14 | 2019-10-14 | Fork truck that commodity circulation field was used |
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| CN114955932B (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2024-01-19 | 温州云洁科技有限公司 | Mould transfer car with raising and lowering functions |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111362196A (en) | 2020-07-03 |
| CN110615386B (en) | 2020-08-07 |
| CN111362197A (en) | 2020-07-03 |
| CN111362197B (en) | 2021-06-25 |
| CN111362196B (en) | 2021-06-25 |
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