CN110596532A - A comprehensive on-line monitoring device for transmission lines - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive on-line monitoring device for transmission lines, which belongs to the technical field of transmission line monitoring and includes a main control unit, a power supply unit electrically connected to the main control unit, and an external sensing unit. The main control unit includes a central processing module, a power supply The management module, the upper computer communication module and the lower computer communication module, the central processing module includes the main MCU and the auxiliary MCU, the power management module is electrically connected with the main MCU and the auxiliary MCU, and the upper computer communication module and the lower computer communication module are electrically connected to the main MCU The communication module of the lower computer includes an RS485 data interface module. The RS485 data interface module is provided with multiple independent RS485 interfaces. The interface is connected to the main MCU through a parallel power management module, a sub-MCU and an isolation circuit. The present invention can comprehensively and uniformly process all collection quantities, is suitable for remote areas where operators' signals are not covered, and can coexist with multiple RS485 channels.

Description

A comprehensive on-line monitoring device for transmission lines

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of power transmission line monitoring, in particular to a comprehensive on-line monitoring device for power transmission lines.

Background technique

In recent years, with the advancement of science and technology and the development of technical means, more and more universities, research institutes, and manufacturers have invested in the research of transmission line intelligent operation and maintenance management technology, and launched a series of transmission line online The monitoring device is used to assist the transmission line operation and maintenance management unit to fully grasp the health and risk status of the line, so as to solve the practical difficulties caused by terrain, traffic and other factors to manual inspections, and promote the transformation of line maintenance management from labor-intensive to technology-intensive. And effectively improve the pertinence and timeliness of operation and maintenance.

Transmission line online monitoring devices are generally composed of a main control unit, a power supply unit, and a sensor (image, video) unit, but the existing detection devices still have the following problems: 1. Online monitoring devices often use operator-based mobile networks for communication, According to different transmission types, different communication modules are selected, but in some remote mountainous areas, the operator's signal cannot be covered at all, resulting in low reliability of the line operation; Faults will cause other sensors to fail to collect normally at the same time.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a device for comprehensive on-line monitoring of power transmission lines.

In order to overcome the above-mentioned defective in the prior art the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A comprehensive on-line monitoring device for transmission lines, comprising a main control unit, a power supply unit electrically connected to the main control unit, and an external sensing unit. The main control unit includes a central processing module, a power management module, an upper computer communication module and a lower computer communication module, the central processing module includes a main MCU and a sub-MCU, the power management module is electrically connected to the main MCU and the sub-MCU respectively, and the upper computer communication module and the lower computer communication module are connected to the main MCU Electrically connected; the communication module of the lower computer includes an RS485 data interface module, a short-distance data communication module, a switch communication module and an Ethernet communication module. The RS485 data interface module is provided with multiple independent RS485 interfaces, and multiple An isolation circuit is provided between the RS485 interface and the main MCU, and the multiple RS485 interfaces are connected to the main MCU through parallel power management modules, sub-MCUs and isolation circuits.

Further, the main control unit also includes a storage module, a clock module, an image compression module, a video compression module and a debugging module. The power management module, the upper computer communication module, the lower computer communication module, the storage module, the clock module, the image The compression module, the video compression module and the debugging module are respectively embedded and fixedly connected with the central processing module.

Further, the central processing module also includes a first watchdog circuit and a second watchdog circuit, the first watchdog circuit is electrically connected to the main MCU, and the second watchdog circuit is electrically connected to the secondary MCU. connect.

Further, the upper computer communication module includes a 4G communication module, a Beidou short message communication module and an optical fiber communication module, and the upper computer communication module is connected to the system background.

Further, the image compression module and the video compression module are respectively electrically connected to the Ethernet communication module.

Further, the interface mode of the debugging module includes RS232, Ethernet network port, and USB port, which are used for debugging, parameter configuration and downloading programs of the device.

Further, the power supply unit is electrically connected to the main MCU through a power management module; the external sensing unit is electrically connected to the main MCU through a lower computer communication module.

Further, the power supply unit includes a charging module, an energy storage module and a charging and discharging management module, the charging and discharging management module is electrically connected to the charging module and the energy storage module respectively, and the charging and discharging module is electrically connected to the power management module sexual connection.

Further, the charging module is one of solar panels, wind energy induction or ground wire induction energy acquisition; the energy storage module is one of lead-acid batteries, lithium iron phosphate batteries, gel batteries or silicon energy batteries kind.

Further, the external sensing unit can access different types of sensors according to monitoring needs, including RS485 digital sensors, switch value sensors, wireless sensors and Ethernet sensors, and the RS485 digital sensors, switch value sensors, wireless sensors, Ethernet The network sensors are respectively connected to the RS485 data interface module, the short-distance data communication module, the switching value communication module, and the Ethernet communication module.

The design of the present invention is scientific and reasonable, and has at least the following advantages:

1. The present invention can simultaneously collect various data (including wireless, wired, switching values, etc.), video, and image collection, and can comprehensively and uniformly process all collected data, and monitor different monitoring data at the same installation point , there is no need for multiple masters to control multiple power supply units.

2. The communication module of the present invention is equipped with a 4G full Netcom communication module as standard, and a Beidou short message communication module or optical fiber communication module can be selected or added according to needs to solve the problem that the equipment cannot communicate due to the lack of coverage of the operator's signal in remote areas.

3. The present invention proposes a solution for a single sensor failure leading to abnormal phenomena in all acquisitions when multiple RS485 acquisitions coexist. The sub-MCU is used to detect the communication data of different RS485 sensors, which can effectively locate the location of the failure and realize Accuracy maintenance.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings on the premise of not paying creative labor:

Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of a kind of transmission line integrated on-line monitoring device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the control block diagram of RS485 data interface module among the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the flow chart that secondary MCU among the present invention detects sensor data;

Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the present invention self-detecting communication network conditions.

In the drawings: 1-main control unit; 11-central processing module; 111-main MCU; 112-secondary MCU; 113-first watchdog circuit; 114-second watchdog circuit; 12-power management module; 13-upper computer communication module; 131-4G communication module; 132-Beidou short message communication module; 133-optical fiber communication module; 14-lower computer communication module; 141-RS485 data interface module; 142-short distance data communication module; 143-switch communication module; 144-Ethernet communication module; 15-storage module; 16-clock module; 17-image compression module; 18-video compression module; 19-debugging module; 2-power supply unit; 21-charging module ; 22-energy storage module; 23-charge and discharge management module; 3-external sensing unit.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a comprehensive on-line monitoring device for transmission lines includes a main control unit 1, a power supply unit 2 electrically connected to the main control unit 1, and an external sensing unit 3, and the main control unit 1 includes Central processing module 11, power management module 12, upper computer communication module 13 and lower computer communication module 14, storage module 15, clock module 16, image compression module 17, video compression module 18 and debugging module 19, described power management module 12 , host computer communication module 13, lower computer communication module 14, storage module 15, clock module 16, image compression module 17, video compression module 18, and debugging module 19 are connected with central processing module 11 in an embedded and fixed manner and electrically connect.

In this embodiment, the central processing module 11 includes a main MCU 111 and a sub-MCU 112. The power management module 12 is electrically connected to the main MCU 111 and the sub-MCU 112 respectively. The upper computer communication module 13 and the lower computer communication module 14 are connected to the main MCU 111. Electrical connection; lower computer communication module 14 includes RS485 data interface module 141, short-distance data communication module 142, switch value communication module 143 and Ethernet communication module 144; external sensing unit 3 can be connected to different types of sensors according to monitoring needs , including RS485 digital sensors, switch value sensors, wireless sensors and Ethernet sensors, RS485 digital sensors, switch value sensors, wireless sensors, and Ethernet sensors are respectively connected to the RS485 data interface module 141, short-distance data communication module 142, switch value communication Module 143 and Ethernet communication module 144.

Among them, the main MCU 111 and the sub-MCU 112 are single-chip microcomputers, which are used to realize the functions of the whole device, analyze and process data, and control each module, including the control of functions and power supply.

The power management module 12 is used to manage the internal power distribution and supply of the device.

The upper computer communication module 13 includes a 4G communication module 131, a Beidou short message communication module 132 and an optical fiber communication module 133, and the upper computer communication module 13 is connected with the system background. Specifically, the upper computer communication module 13 is equipped with a 4G communication module 131 as standard, which can support the 4G/3G/2G full-standard networks of the three major operators. At the same time, according to actual needs, the Beidou short message communication module 132 or optical fiber communication module 133 can be replaced or added. As shown in Figure 4, because the Beidou short message communication method only allows one piece of data to be uploaded per minute, and to ensure the reliability of the transmission, the time needs to be slightly longer than 1 minute, so the device does not upload the heartbeat (heartbeat) when using Beidou It is a means to maintain the wireless communication connection and allow the background to confirm whether the device is online, and it is mostly used on wireless communication devices.) At the same time, because Beidou short message communication can only transmit information similar to short messages, it cannot transmit large-flow data, such as video , images (pictures), etc.

The lower computer communication module 14 is used to connect external data sensors, specifically, the RS485 data interface module 141 is used to connect RS485 digital sensors, such as digital tension sensors, digital inclination sensors, digital weather sensors, digital mountain fire sensors, etc.; The switching value communication module 143 is used to connect switching value sensors, such as infrared anti-theft, vibration and other anti-theft and anti-intrusion switching value sensors, and can also be connected to counting type switching value sensors such as tipping bucket rain sensors. ; The short-distance data communication module 142 is used to access sensors that cannot be accessed by wires, such as sensors installed on wires-wire temperature measurement sensors, wire vibration sensors, sag sensors, etc., usually selected short-distance wireless communication The methods include RF, LoRa, Zigbee, Mesh, NB-Iot, Wi-Fi, etc.; the Ethernet communication module 144 is used to access devices connected via Ethernet, such as network cameras.

The storage module 15 is used to realize the storage of historical data such as data, images (pictures), and video recordings.

The clock module 16 is used to manage functions such as running time and timing of the internal clock.

The image compression module 17 and the video compression module 18 are electrically connected to the Ethernet communication module 144 respectively. When the camera needs to take pictures, the video stream is first compressed by the image compression module in JPEG format and then sent to the central processing module 11 for processing, and finally sent to the system background by the upper computer communication module 13. When the camera needs to watch real-time video, the video stream is first compressed by the video compression module in the form of H.265 or H.264 (configuration can be freely selected), then sent to the central processing module 11 for processing, and finally sent to System background.

The interface modes of the debugging module 19 include RS232, Ethernet network port, and USB port, which are used for debugging, parameter configuration, and downloading programs of the device.

The power supply unit 2 is electrically connected to the main MCU 111 through the power management module 12; the external sensing unit 3 is electrically connected to the main MCU 111 through the lower computer communication module 14; the power supply unit 2 includes a charging module 21, an energy storage module 22 and a charging and discharging management module. The module 23 and the charging and discharging management module 23 are electrically connected to the charging module 21 and the energy storage module 22 respectively, and the charging and discharging module 23 is electrically connected to the power management module 12 . The charging module 21 is preferably a solar panel, followed by wind energy, ground wire induction energy harvesting, etc. The energy storage module 22 is preferably lead-acid battery, lithium iron phosphate battery, colloid battery, silicon energy battery, and secondly, titanic acid battery, nickel battery, etc. Hydrogen battery, nickel cadmium battery, etc.

As shown in Figure 2, the RS485 data interface module 141 is provided with multiple independent RS485 interfaces, an isolation circuit is arranged between the multiple RS485 interfaces and the main MCU 111, and the multiple RS485 interfaces pass through parallel power management modules 12. The sub-MCU 112 and the isolation circuit are connected to the main MCU 111; specifically, in order to ensure that multiple digital sensors can be connected, the device needs to lead to multiple RS485 interfaces, but when a single sensor fails, other sensors often fail. Acquisition abnormality occurs, and the present invention provides a solution for this purpose, and the specific implementation is as follows: 1. Each sensor interface is controlled by an independent RS485 chip, and is collected into the main MCU for unified control and management; 2. In order to avoid sensor failure Cause bus A, B failure, lead to channel blockage, add an isolation circuit on the bus for isolation protection; 3. In order to prevent the failure of the isolation circuit, a sub-MCU is specially added to the central processing module for diagnosis. The sub-MCU monitors the collected data in real time and judges the correctness of the data. It should be pointed out that the above-mentioned isolation circuit used in the present invention is a 485 protection circuit, which has been disclosed in a 485 protection circuit with application number 201521067098.9, and the isolation circuit will not be elaborated here.

As shown in Figure 3, when the equipment is initially installed, it is first necessary to confirm the number of channels connected to the digital sensor and the corresponding sensor type, and use it as an initial value to be confirmed by the operation and maintenance personnel and then input into the device as a basis for judgment; When the secondary MCU finds that all or a large area of connected digital sensors is abnormal in communication or data (the threshold for specific startup judgment can be set), it will automatically start the judgment, and turn on and off the power supply of each sensor one by one through the power management module in a polling manner. Collect and judge whether the collected data is normal or not. The abnormal number of channels is automatically recorded, and compared with the initial value after the first polling is completed, for the number of channels that do have access to the sensor, open the channel again to confirm whether the data is normal, and if it is abnormal, the sensor of the channel is considered If it has failed, it will automatically record the number of channels and automatically close the data collection of this channel, and upload the fault information of the corresponding sensor at the same time (the collection of this channel can be restarted by command).

In this embodiment, the central processing module 11 also includes a first watchdog circuit 113 and a second watchdog circuit 114, the first watchdog circuit 113 is electrically connected to the main MCU 111, and the second watchdog circuit 114 It is electrically connected with the secondary MCU 112 . The watchdog circuit is a timer circuit with one input, called feeding dog, and one output to the RST terminal of the MCU. When the MCU is working normally, it outputs a signal to the feeding dog terminal at regular intervals to clear the watchdog. , If the dog is not fed within the specified time (generally when the program runs away), and the watchdog time exceeds, a reset signal will be sent back to the MCU to reset the MCU and prevent the MCU from crashing. The function of the watchdog is to prevent the program from infinitely looping, or the program runs away. In some embodiments, the main MCU 111 of the single-chip microcomputer and the sub-MCU are provided with two special timers, and these two timers can be used to monitor the operation of the main program; the watchdog circuit is used to monitor the running state of the single-chip microcomputer It is already a prior art, so it will not be elaborated here.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a transmission line synthesizes on-line monitoring device, includes main control unit (1) and power supply unit (2), outside sensing unit (3) with main control unit (1) electric connection, its characterized in that: the main control unit (1) comprises a central processing module (11), a power management module (12), an upper computer communication module (13) and a lower computer communication module (14), wherein the central processing module (11) comprises a main MCU (111) and an auxiliary MCU (112), the power management module (12) is electrically connected with the main MCU (111) and the auxiliary MCU (112) respectively, and the upper computer communication module (13) and the lower computer communication module (14) are electrically connected with the main MCU (111); the lower computer communication module (14) comprises an RS485 data interface module (141), a short-distance data communication module (142), a switching value communication module (143) and an Ethernet communication module (144), wherein multiple independent RS485 interfaces and multiple paths are arranged on the RS485 data interface module (141), an isolation circuit is arranged between the RS485 interfaces and the main MCU (111), and the RS485 interfaces are connected with the main MCU (111) through a power management module (12), an auxiliary MCU (112) and the isolation circuit which are connected in parallel.

2. The comprehensive on-line monitoring device for the power transmission line according to claim 1, characterized in that: the master control unit (1) further comprises a storage module (15), a clock module (16), an image compression module (17), a video compression module (18) and a debugging module (19), wherein the power management module (12), the upper computer communication module (13), the lower computer communication module (14), the storage module (15), the clock module (16), the image compression module (17), the video compression module (18) and the debugging module (19) are respectively connected with the central processing module (11) in an embedded and fixed mode.

3. The comprehensive on-line monitoring device for the power transmission line according to claim 2, characterized in that: the central processing module (11) further comprises a first watchdog circuit (113) and a second watchdog circuit (114), the first watchdog circuit (113) is electrically connected with the main MCU (111), and the second watchdog circuit (114) is electrically connected with the auxiliary MCU (112).

4. The comprehensive on-line monitoring device for the power transmission line according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper computer communication module (13) comprises a 4G communication module (131), a Beidou short message communication module (132) and an optical fiber communication module (133), and the upper computer communication module (13) is connected with a system background.

5. The comprehensive on-line monitoring device for the power transmission line according to claim 2, characterized in that: the image compression module (17) and the video compression module (18) are respectively electrically connected with the Ethernet communication module (144).

6. The comprehensive on-line monitoring device for the power transmission line according to claim 2, characterized in that: the interface mode of the debugging module (19) comprises an RS232 interface, an Ethernet interface and a USB interface, and is used for debugging, parameter configuration and program downloading of the device.

7. The comprehensive on-line monitoring device for the power transmission line according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power supply unit (2) is electrically connected with the main MCU (111) through the power management module (12); the external sensing unit (3) is electrically connected with the main MCU (111) through the lower computer communication module (14).

8. The comprehensive on-line monitoring device for the power transmission line according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power supply unit (2) comprises a charging module (21), an energy storage module (22) and a charging and discharging management module (23), the charging and discharging management module (23) is electrically connected with the charging module (21) and the energy storage module (22) respectively, and the charging and discharging module (23) is electrically connected with the power management module (12).

9. The comprehensive on-line monitoring device for the power transmission line according to claim 8, characterized in that: the charging module (21) is one of a solar panel, wind energy induction energy taking or ground wire induction energy taking; the energy storage module (22) is one of a lead-acid storage battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery, a colloid battery or a silicon energy battery.

10. The comprehensive on-line monitoring device for the power transmission line according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the external sensing unit (3) can be connected with sensors of different types according to monitoring requirements, and comprises an RS485 digital sensor, a switching value sensor, a wireless sensor and an Ethernet sensor, wherein the RS485 digital sensor, the switching value sensor, the wireless sensor and the Ethernet sensor are respectively connected to an RS485 data interface module (141), a short-distance data communication module (142), a switching value communication module (143) and an Ethernet communication module (144).