CN110590342A - 一种硅溶胶结合的刚玉质耐火泥浆 - Google Patents

一种硅溶胶结合的刚玉质耐火泥浆 Download PDF

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CN110590342A
CN110590342A CN201910938803.4A CN201910938803A CN110590342A CN 110590342 A CN110590342 A CN 110590342A CN 201910938803 A CN201910938803 A CN 201910938803A CN 110590342 A CN110590342 A CN 110590342A
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refractory mortar
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邵荣丹
丛培源
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种硅溶胶结合的刚玉质耐火泥浆。该耐火泥浆由刚玉、生粘土、石英粉、黄糊精、羧甲基纤维素、氧化铝微粉、减水剂和硅溶胶组成,该耐火泥浆常温粘结强度及中高温粘结强度高,1500℃高温烧后呈微膨胀,荷重软化温度点高,灰缝饱满,且使用过程中不散发刺激性气味,对人体和设备无伤害,工业窑炉在长期高温运行过程中砌缝密实,不开裂,保证砌体的完整性和气密性,有利于延长窑炉使用寿命。

Description

一种硅溶胶结合的刚玉质耐火泥浆
技术领域
本发明属于不定型耐火材料技术领域,具体涉及一种硅溶胶结合的刚玉质耐火泥浆。
背景技术
现有技术中,各种高温工业窑炉中刚玉质耐火泥浆主要用于砌筑刚玉质耐火砖,在长期使用的过程中,砖砌炉衬的损坏主要是从砖缝处也即耐火泥浆的损坏开始。耐火泥浆是影响工业窑炉安全稳定,延长窑炉寿命的薄弱点。传统技术手段制备的水系耐火泥浆一般有两类,其中一类是直接加水搅拌后即可使用,这种泥浆一般粘结强度较低;另一种是加磷酸盐溶液搅拌后使用,这种泥浆粘结强度较高,但是磷酸盐会降低材料的荷重软化温度点,且磷酸盐呈酸性,对人体和施工设备具有一定腐蚀性,例如一般的泥浆搅拌设备都是铁质的,磷酸盐会与铁反应,并将铁带入耐火泥浆中,恶化耐火泥浆性能。荷重软化温度点低说明材料耐高温性能差,在工业窑炉长期高温运行条件下,泥浆容易软化,失去强度,造成窑炉变形,掉砖,甚至垮塌。另外这两类泥浆在窑炉高温运行过程中普遍收缩较大,容易造成砖与耐火泥浆的粘接面脱开,或者自身产生龟裂纹,形成缝隙,造成砌体密闭性差,漏气等问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种硅溶胶结合的刚玉质耐火泥浆,该耐火泥浆耐火度高,能满足1500℃温度条件下的使用要求,荷重软化温度点高,粘结强度高,烧后微膨胀,泥浆在热工窑炉运行过程中砌缝处不易开裂,高温性能好,满足工业炉衬的长期使用。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供以下技术方案:
一种硅溶胶结合的刚玉质耐火泥浆,按重量百分比计,由以下组分组成:
按上述方案,刚玉是电熔棕刚玉,其中氧化铝含量大于94.5%。
按上述方案,生粘土是一种氧化铝含量为30-35%的未经煅烧的粘土,粒度≤0.044mm。生粘土粉由于粒度细,可塑性好,少量加入在耐火泥浆中起到改善施工性能,并促进烧结的作用。
按上述方案,石英粉为废硅砖粉,主要物相为磷石英相,来源于硅砖烧后的形状缺损或者裂纹而化学成分合格的残次品,将其破碎成粒度≤0.088mm的细粉,其SiO2含量大于94%。由于经过严格控温的高温煅烧,晶型转变完全,体积稳定性好,高温性能好。
按上述方案,黄糊精粘度大于1.8kg/cm2,溶解度大于96%,酸度小于35%。黄糊精在刚玉质耐火泥浆中起到提供110℃烘后粘结强度的作用。
按上述方案,羧甲基纤维素中纤维素含量≥97.5%。在耐火泥浆中主要起到保水的作用,使泥浆在砌筑时有足够的施工揉动时间,保证砌缝饱满。
按上述方案,减水剂是三聚磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠或萘系减水剂中的至少一种。减水剂可以降低泥浆的加液量,使泥浆粉体堆积更紧密,气孔率降低,有利于减少烧后收缩。
按上述方案,氧化铝微粉为氧化铝含量≥99%,d50≤2.5um。氧化铝微粉可以在耐火泥浆中起到增强泥浆致密性、减水、提高强度的作用,并且氧化铝微粉纯度很高,引入的杂质较少,对泥浆的高温性能好。
按上述方案,硅溶胶中二氧化硅含量为30%-40%,氧化钠含量小于0.3%,pH值为8-10。
硅溶胶在刚玉质耐火泥浆中起到提供常温烘后粘结强度和中高温粘结强度的作用,且硅溶胶在常温下不与其它原料反应,不改变其它原料的状态,不产生刺激性气味,对施工工人身体无伤害。此外,硅溶胶提供了高活性的二氧化硅,在800℃左右与氧化铝微粉中高活性的氧化铝以及棕刚玉和粘土中少量的氧化铝(活性低,参与反应的少)开始反应生成高熔点、高温体积稳定性好的莫来石,其中莫来石在泥浆中呈网络状分布,形成陶瓷结合,提高耐火泥浆的粘结强度。而生成莫来石的反应过程是体积膨胀的过程,使泥浆在高温条件下处于微膨胀的状态,能有效抵御泥浆在高温条件下的收缩,并且提高耐火泥浆的高温荷重软化温度点。
本发明的有益效果为:
1.本发明提供的刚玉质耐火泥浆常温粘结强度及中高温粘结强度高,1500℃高温烧后呈微膨胀,荷重软化温度点高,灰缝饱满,没有刺激性气味,对人体和设备无害,工业窑炉在长期高温运行过程中砌缝密实,不开裂,保证砌体的完整性和气密性,有利于延长窑炉使用寿命。
2.本发明提供的刚玉质耐火泥浆,通过在原料中配置合适数量的反应活性高的氧化铝微粉和硅溶胶,高温状态发生反应生成网络状分布的莫来石,提高中高温粘结强度,高温状态呈微膨胀有效抵御收缩,提高耐火泥浆的高温荷重软化温度点,高温性能好。
3.本发明提供的刚玉质耐火泥浆,严格选用钾钠等低熔物杂质含量低的硅溶胶,泥浆耐火度高,能满足1500℃温度条件下的使用要求,保证了泥浆在高温条件下,持续保持固体状态,持续提供强度,保证高温窑炉长期高温使用砌体完整,不变形,不垮塌。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本发明,下面结合实施例进一步阐明本发明的内容,但本发明的内容不仅仅局限于下面的实施例。
以下各实施例中,所用原料指标为:
刚玉均采用电熔棕刚玉,氧化铝含量为94.75%,氧化铁含量为0.19%,粒度为0-0.088mm;
生粘土粒度为0-0.044mm,氧化铝含量为33.5%;
石英粉,二氧化硅含量为94.5%,粒度为0-0.088mm;
氧化铝微粉为氧化铝含量99.2%,d50为2.5um;
硅溶胶为二氧化硅含量为30.2%,氧化钠含量小于0.3%的硅溶胶溶液。
实施例1
提供一种硅溶胶结合的刚玉质耐火泥浆,按重量百分比计,由以下组分组成:
本实施例提供的刚玉质耐火泥浆的性能指标测试结果参见表1。
实施例2
提供一种硅溶胶结合的刚玉质耐火泥浆,按重量百分比计,由以下组分组成:
本实施例提供的刚玉质耐火泥浆的性能指标测试结果参见表1。
实施例3
提供一种硅溶胶结合的刚玉质耐火泥浆,按重量百分比计,由以下组分组成:
本实施例提供的刚玉质耐火泥浆的性能指标测试结果参见表1。
表1实施例1-3中的耐火泥浆浇注料的性能指标测试
表1显示,本发明实施例1-3提供的刚玉质耐火泥浆,1500℃×3h烧后线变化率为正数,在0-0.05%之间,说明耐火泥浆在高温条件下呈微膨胀,泥浆在热工窑炉运行过程中砌缝处不易开裂。此外,荷重软化温度点T2>1650℃(实验室条件限制最高温度1650℃),荷重软化温度点T2高,说明耐火泥浆高温性能好,低熔物少,能够满足热工窑炉的长期高温下安全顺行。粘结强度说明了在高温条件下,耐火泥浆仍然能起到粘结的作用,和砖砌体形成密闭的整体。
显然,上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的实例,而并非对实施方式的限制。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而因此所引申的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种硅溶胶结合的刚玉质耐火泥浆,其特征在于,按重量百分比计,所述耐火泥浆由以下组分组成:
2.根据权利要求1所述的硅溶胶结合的刚玉质耐火泥浆,其特征在于,所述硅溶胶中二氧化硅含量为30-40%,氧化钠含量小于0.3%,pH值为8-10。
3.根据权利要求1所述的硅溶胶结合的刚玉质耐火泥浆,其特征在于,所述生粘土是一种氧化铝含量30-35%的未经煅烧的粘土,粒度≤0.044mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的硅溶胶结合的刚玉质耐火泥浆,其特征在于,所述石英粉为废硅砖粉,主要物相为磷石英相,来源于硅砖烧后的形状缺损或者裂纹而化学成分合格的残次品,将其破碎成粒度≤0.088mm的细粉,其SiO2含量大于94%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的硅溶胶结合的刚玉质耐火泥浆,其特征在于,所述黄糊精粘度大于1.8kg/cm2,溶解度大于96%,酸度小于35%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的硅溶胶结合的刚玉质耐火泥浆,其特征在于,所述羧甲基纤维素中纤维素含量≥97.5%。
7.根据权利要求1所述的硅溶胶结合的刚玉质耐火泥浆,其特征在于,所述减水剂为三聚磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、萘系减水剂中的至少一种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的硅溶胶结合的刚玉质耐火泥浆,其特征在于,所述氧化铝微粉为氧化铝含量≥99%,d50≤2.5um。
9.根据权利要求1所述的硅溶胶结合的刚玉质耐火泥浆,其特征在于,所述刚玉是电熔棕刚玉,其中氧化铝含量大于94.5%。
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CN111689781A (zh) * 2020-06-09 2020-09-22 中冶武汉冶金建筑研究院有限公司 一种用于热风炉缓冲缝的硅质缓冲泥浆
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