CN110587105A - High-efficiency liquid-phase-assisted solid-phase diffusion spot welding method for aluminum/magnesium dissimilar metal - Google Patents
High-efficiency liquid-phase-assisted solid-phase diffusion spot welding method for aluminum/magnesium dissimilar metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN110587105A CN110587105A CN201910923178.6A CN201910923178A CN110587105A CN 110587105 A CN110587105 A CN 110587105A CN 201910923178 A CN201910923178 A CN 201910923178A CN 110587105 A CN110587105 A CN 110587105A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GZCWPZJOEIAXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin zinc Chemical compound [Zn].[Sn] GZCWPZJOEIAXRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004021 metal welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/02—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of a press ; Diffusion bonding
- B23K20/023—Thermo-compression bonding
- B23K20/026—Thermo-compression bonding with diffusion of soldering material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum/magnesium dissimilar material welding, in particular to a high-efficiency liquid-phase auxiliary solid-phase diffusion spot welding method for aluminum/magnesium dissimilar metal. The friction head is utilized to generate heat by friction of the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate, the metal foil between the two plates is melted by the heat, and the oxide film of the contact surface is cleaned by the liquid metal obtained after melting; and extruding the liquid metal by subsequent friction head extrusion, and performing atomic diffusion on the cleaned contact surface to form diffusion spot welding connection in the process of keeping the close fit of the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate. The welding joint obtained by the method provided by the invention is a solid diffusion welding joint, keyhole on the surface of a welding spot is eliminated, the effective bearing area of the joint is obviously increased, the tensile shear force of the spot welding joint is increased, and complicated mechanical equipment and subsequent repair welding procedures are omitted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum/magnesium dissimilar material welding, in particular to a high-efficiency liquid-phase auxiliary solid-phase diffusion spot welding method for aluminum/magnesium dissimilar metal.
Background
The diffusion welding is a welding method in which two workpieces to be welded are pressed together tightly and heated in a vacuum or protective atmosphere furnace to generate microscopic plastic deformation at the micro-unevenness of the two welding surfaces so as to achieve close contact, and atoms are diffused mutually in the subsequent heating and heat preservation process to form metallurgical connection. The welded workpiece is not melted in the welding process, and the method has great advantage for welding dissimilar metals which are easy to form intermetallic compounds. However, the technology has high requirements on the quality of the surface to be welded, the welding time is long, and the quality of the joint is unstable.
With the development of the diffusion welding process, transient liquid phase diffusion welding appears, and specifically, a layer of intermediate material favorable for diffusion is added between surfaces to be welded, the material is melted in the heating and heat preservation process, a small amount of liquid phase is formed, low-melting-point elements in the liquid phase diffuse to a base material, and the liquid phase gradually disappears to form metallurgical connection. The technology can reduce the quality requirement of the surface to be welded, relatively reduce the welding time and improve the stability of the quality of the joint. However, this method still requires heating of the entire workpiece, the welding time is still long, and diffusion of low-melting-point elements into the base material causes lowering of the melting point of the welded region.
The friction welding is a solid-phase welding method, and has certain advantages for welding of aluminum/magnesium dissimilar materials because welded materials are not melted, the heat input of welding seams is low, and the amount of intermetallic compounds in the welding seams is small. The friction stir welding is a novel friction welding method, and the characteristic that the welded metal is not melted in the welding process of the friction welding is kept, but a withdrawing keyhole generated by withdrawing a stirring pin is left in the welding process, so that the effective bearing area of a welding spot is reduced.
The German GKSS research center 1999 provides a keyhole-free friction stir spot welding technology, which adopts a specially designed stirring head, and backfills welding spot metal into a keyhole by downward extrusion of a shaft shoulder when a stirring pin is withdrawn by accurately controlling relative motion of each part of the stirring head, thereby achieving the purposes of eliminating the keyhole and improving the bearing capacity of a joint. However, the keyhole-free friction stir spot welding method has high requirements on welding equipment, special equipment specially designed needs to be adopted, and the welding cost is high.
Patent CN101837513A adopts the repair welding mode to eliminate the keyhole on friction stir spot welding joint surface to increase spot welding joint's bearing area, improve the joint bearing capacity, but this scheme need adopt the consumption formula stirring to repair welding to the keyhole after welding, has increased and has welded the aftertreatment process.
The researchers have proposed a friction stir welding spot welding method, which increases the bearing area of the joint to a certain extent and improves the bearing capacity by chemically bonding the welding spot before or after welding. However, no metallurgical reaction occurs between the chemical glue and the metal substrate, and the chemical glue and the metal substrate are bonded by physical adsorption, so that the strength is low, and the actual requirement is difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for high-efficiency liquid-phase auxiliary solid-phase diffusion spot welding of aluminum/magnesium dissimilar metal. The method provided by the invention can inhibit the aluminum/magnesium dissimilar metal welding interface from forming a large amount of intermetallic compounds, obtain the spotless spot welding joint and obviously improve the bearing capacity of the joint; moreover, compared with the traditional diffusion welding, the method provided by the invention is more environment-friendly and has high welding efficiency.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a high-efficiency liquid-phase auxiliary solid-phase diffusion spot welding method for aluminum/magnesium dissimilar metal, which comprises the following steps:
lapping the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate together, and arranging a metal foil between the lapped aluminum plate and the lapped magnesium plate to obtain a lapping structure;
arranging a friction head on each of two sides of the lap joint structure, and performing contact friction on the two sides of the lap joint structure by adopting the friction heads to melt the metal foil into liquid metal;
the friction heads on the two sides of the lap joint structure are mutually extruded along the thickness direction of the lap joint structure, the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate are pushed to be clamped tightly, liquid metal is extruded, the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate are kept to be tightly attached, and diffusion spot welding connection is formed.
Preferably, the lapping length of the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate is 20-50 mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the aluminum plate is 2-5 mm, and the thickness of the magnesium plate is 2-5 mm.
Preferably, before lapping the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate together, the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate are respectively pretreated to remove oil stains and impurities on the surfaces.
Preferably, the thickness of the metal foil is 0.05-0.2 mm.
Preferably, the melting point of the metal foil is 100-400 ℃.
Preferably, the material of the metal foil includes tin, zinc or tin-zinc alloy.
Preferably, the rotation speed of the friction head is 235 to 900r/min and the rotation time is 2 to 10s when the contact friction is performed.
Preferably, the mutual extrusion is carried out with a relative extrusion amount of the two friction heads of 0.1-1 mm and a holding time of 5-20 s.
Preferably, the friction head is made of H13 steel or nickel-based alloy.
The invention provides a high-efficiency liquid-phase auxiliary solid-phase diffusion spot welding method for aluminum/magnesium dissimilar metal, which comprises the following steps: lapping the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate together, and arranging a metal foil between the lapped aluminum plate and the lapped magnesium plate to obtain a lapping structure; arranging a friction head on each of two sides of the lap joint structure, and performing contact friction on the two sides of the lap joint structure by adopting the friction heads to melt the metal foil into liquid metal; the friction heads on the two sides of the lap joint structure are mutually extruded along the thickness direction of the lap joint structure, the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate are pushed to be clamped tightly, liquid metal is extruded, the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate are kept to be tightly attached, and diffusion spot welding connection is formed. In the invention, the friction head is used for generating heat by the friction of the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate, the generated heat melts the metal foil between the two plates, and the melted liquid metal cleans the oxide film of the contact surface; and extruding the liquid metal by subsequent friction head extrusion, and performing atomic diffusion on the cleaned contact surface to form diffusion spot welding connection in the process of keeping the close fit of the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate. Compared with the traditional diffusion welding, the friction heat adopted by the invention is a green and clean heat source, an oxide film on an interface is not required to be removed before welding, and the welding time and the energy consumption are low; in addition, the invention can locally heat the large-size component by adopting the friction heat, thereby realizing the spot welding connection. The welding joint obtained by the method provided by the invention is a solid diffusion welding joint, keyhole on the surface of a welding spot is eliminated, the effective bearing area of the joint is obviously increased, the tensile shear force of the spot welding joint is increased, and complicated mechanical equipment and subsequent repair welding procedures are omitted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a diffusion spot welding process of the present invention;
wherein, 1 is a first friction head, 2 is a second friction head, 3 is an aluminum plate, 4 is a magnesium plate, and 5 is a metal foil.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a high-efficiency liquid-phase auxiliary solid-phase diffusion spot welding method for aluminum/magnesium dissimilar metal, which comprises the following steps: lapping the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate together, and arranging a metal foil between the lapped aluminum plate and the lapped magnesium plate to obtain a lapping structure; arranging a friction head on each of two sides of the lap joint structure, and performing contact friction on the two sides of the lap joint structure by adopting the friction heads to melt the metal foil into liquid metal; the friction heads on the two sides of the lap joint structure are mutually extruded along the thickness direction of the lap joint structure, the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate are pushed to be clamped tightly, liquid metal is extruded, the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate are kept to be tightly attached, and diffusion spot welding connection is formed.
According to the invention, the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate are lapped together, and the metal foil is arranged between the lapped aluminum plate and the lapped magnesium plate, so that a lapping structure is obtained. In the invention, the lapping length of the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate is preferably 20-50 mm, and more preferably 25-45 mm. The invention limits the lapping length, and is beneficial to controlling the area of the welding diffusion region, thereby realizing the aim of accurately controlling the bearing performance of the joint. In the invention, the thickness of the aluminum plate is preferably 2-5 mm, and more preferably 2.5-3.5 m; the thickness of the magnesium plate is preferably 2-5 mm, and more preferably 2.5-3.5 m.
Before the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate are lapped together, the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate are preferably pretreated to remove oil stains and impurities on the surfaces. In the present invention, the specific process of the pretreatment is preferably: cleaning the contact surface of the aluminum plate, namely the surface of the aluminum plate to be welded, wiping the contact surface of the aluminum plate by using alcohol or acetone, and removing oil stains and impurities; the contact surface of the magnesium plate is treated by the same method, and oil stains and impurities on the contact surface of the magnesium plate are removed.
In the present invention, the thickness of the metal foil is preferably 0.05 to 0.2mm, and more preferably 0.1 to 0.15 mm. In the present invention, the size of the metal foil is preferably larger than the size of the overlapping area of the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate, and more preferably, 5mm is added on the basis of the size of the overlapping area of the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate.
In the invention, the melting point of the metal foil is preferably 100-400 ℃, and more preferably 150-350 ℃. The invention adopts the metal foil with low melting point, can be melted into a molten state by the heat generated by the friction head, dissolves the oxide films on the contact surfaces of the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate, exposes the clean metal surface and improves the joint strength. In the present invention, the material of the metal foil preferably includes tin, zinc or tin-zinc alloy, and more preferably pure Sn metal, Sn90-Zn10 metal or Sn85-Zn15 metal.
After the lap joint structure is obtained, the two sides of the lap joint structure are respectively provided with a friction head, and the friction heads are used for performing contact friction on the two sides of the lap joint structure, so that the metal foil is melted into liquid metal. In the present invention, the two sides of the lap joint structure specifically refer to an outer side surface of the aluminum plate (a surface of the aluminum plate which does not need to be welded) and an outer side surface of the magnesium plate (a surface of the magnesium plate which does not need to be welded).
In the present invention, the material of the friction head preferably includes H13 steel or a nickel-based alloy. In the contact friction process, the rotation speed of the friction head is preferably 235-900 r/min, and more preferably 375-800 r/min; the rotation time of the friction head is preferably 2-10 s, more preferably 5-9 s, and further preferably 5-8 s.
After the metal foil is melted into liquid metal, the friction heads on the two sides of the lap joint structure are mutually extruded along the thickness direction of the lap joint structure, the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate are pushed to be clamped tightly, the liquid metal is extruded, the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate are kept to be tightly attached, and diffusion spot welding connection is formed. In the invention, the relative extrusion amount of the two friction heads is preferably 0.1-1 mm, and more preferably 0.2-0.8 mm; the retention time is preferably 5 to 20 seconds, more preferably 10 to 18 seconds, and still more preferably 10 to 15 seconds. In the present invention, the relative pressing amount of the two friction heads specifically refers to the total moving distance of the two friction heads, and more preferably is twice the moving distance of each friction head.
The schematic diagram of the high-efficiency liquid-phase auxiliary solid-phase diffusion spot welding process of the aluminum/magnesium dissimilar metal provided by the invention is shown in figure 1: wherein the aluminum plate 3 and the magnesium plate 4 are lapped together, and a metal foil 5 is arranged between the contact surface of the aluminum plate and the contact surface of the magnesium plate; the outer side surface of the aluminum plate is contacted with the first friction head 1, and the outer side surface of the magnesium plate is contacted with the second friction head 2. The specific diffusion spot welding connection process comprises the following steps: the first friction head 1 and the second friction head 2 rotate at high speed, the generated friction heat melts the metal foil 5 into liquid metal, then the first friction head 1 and the second friction head 2 extrude each other to push the aluminum plate 3 and the magnesium plate 4 to clamp tightly, the liquid metal is extruded, the aluminum plate 3 and the magnesium plate 4 are kept to be tightly attached, interface atoms are diffused with each other, and diffusion spot welding connection is formed. The invention eliminates key holes on the surface of the welding spot, obviously improves the effective bearing area of the joint and improves the shearing strength of the spot welding joint; in addition, because the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate are always in a solid state in the welding process, a connecting seam which is obviously protruded cannot be formed, and the welding effect is better.
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The schematic diagram of the diffusion spot welding process is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a first friction head 1 and a second friction head 2 made of H13 steel, an aluminum plate 3 with the thickness of 2mm, a magnesium plate 4 with the thickness of 2mm, and a pure Sn metal foil 5 with the thickness of 0.1mm placed between the aluminum plate 3 and the magnesium plate 4; the first friction head 1 is in contact with the aluminum plate 3 and rotates at a high speed, the second friction head 2 is in contact with the magnesium plate 4 and rotates at a high speed, the rotating speeds are 375r/min, the friction time is 9s, and the metal foil 5 is melted into liquid metal; the first friction head 1 and the second friction head 2 are squeezed and clamped mutually to extrude liquid metal, the relative extrusion amount is 0.8mm, and the squeezing, clamping and holding time is 18 s; the aluminum plate 3 and the magnesium plate 4 are pressed and attached under the clamping force action of the first friction head 1 and the second friction head 2, element diffusion is realized, and diffusion welding connection is formed. And (3) carrying out a tensile shear test on the formed joint, testing the mechanical property of the joint, and controlling the shear strength of the joint to be 38 MPa.
Example 2
The schematic diagram of the diffusion spot welding process is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a first friction head 1 and a second friction head 2 made of nickel-based alloy, an aluminum plate 3 with the thickness of 2.5mm, a magnesium plate 4 with the thickness of 2.5mm, and a Sn90-Zn10 metal foil 5 with the thickness of 0.15mm placed between the aluminum plate 3 and the magnesium plate 4; the first friction head 1 is in contact with the aluminum plate 3 and rotates at a high speed, the second friction head 2 is in contact with the magnesium plate 4 and rotates at a high speed, the rotating speeds are all 800r/min, the friction time is 5s, and the metal foil 5 is melted into liquid metal; the first friction head 1 and the second friction head 2 are squeezed and clamped mutually to extrude liquid metal, the relative extrusion amount is 0.6mm, and the squeezing, clamping and holding time is 15 s; the aluminum plate 3 and the magnesium plate 4 are pressed and attached under the clamping force action of the first friction head 1 and the second friction head 2, element diffusion is realized, and diffusion welding connection is formed. And (3) carrying out a tensile shear test on the formed joint, testing the mechanical property of the joint, and controlling the shear strength of the joint to be 73 MPa.
Example 3
The schematic diagram of the diffusion spot welding process is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a first friction head 1 and a second friction head 2 made of H13 steel, an aluminum plate 3 with the thickness of 3.5mm, a magnesium plate 4 with the thickness of 3.5mm, and a Sn85-Zn15 metal foil 5 with the thickness of 0.05mm placed between the aluminum plate 3 and the magnesium plate 4; the first friction head 1 is in contact with the aluminum plate 3 and rotates at a high speed, the second friction head 2 is in contact with the magnesium plate 4 and rotates at a high speed, the rotating speeds are all 800r/min, the friction time is 8s, and the metal foil 5 is melted into liquid metal; the first friction head 1 and the second friction head 2 are squeezed and clamped mutually to extrude liquid metal, the relative extrusion amount is 0.4mm, and the squeezing, clamping and holding time is 10 s; the aluminum plate 3 and the magnesium plate 4 are pressed and attached under the clamping force action of the first friction head 1 and the second friction head 2, element diffusion is realized, and diffusion welding connection is formed. And (3) carrying out a tensile shear test on the formed joint, testing the mechanical property of the joint, and controlling the shear strength of the joint to be 42 MPa.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high-efficiency liquid-phase auxiliary solid-phase diffusion spot welding method for aluminum/magnesium dissimilar metal is characterized by comprising the following steps:
lapping the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate together, and arranging a metal foil between the lapped aluminum plate and the lapped magnesium plate to obtain a lapping structure;
arranging a friction head on each of two sides of the lap joint structure, and performing contact friction on the two sides of the lap joint structure by adopting the friction heads to melt the metal foil into liquid metal;
the friction heads on the two sides of the lap joint structure are mutually extruded along the thickness direction of the lap joint structure, the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate are pushed to be clamped tightly, liquid metal is extruded, the aluminum plate and the magnesium plate are kept to be tightly attached, and diffusion spot welding connection is formed.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the overlapping length of the aluminum and magnesium sheets is 20 to 50 mm.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the aluminum plate has a thickness of 2 to 5mm and the magnesium plate has a thickness of 2 to 5 mm.
4. A method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the aluminium and magnesium panels are pre-treated to remove oil and debris from the surfaces thereof prior to lapping the aluminium and magnesium panels together.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the metal foil has a thickness of 0.05 to 0.2 mm.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the metal foil has a melting point of 100 to 400 ℃.
7. A method according to claim 1, 5 or 6, wherein the material of the metal foil comprises tin, zinc or a tin-zinc alloy.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the contact friction is performed at a rotational speed of the friction head of 235 to 900r/min for 2 to 10 seconds.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mutual extrusion is performed in such a manner that the relative extrusion amount of the two friction heads is 0.1 to 1mm and the holding time is 5 to 20 seconds.
10. The method of claim 1, 8 or 9, wherein the friction head comprises H13 steel or a nickel-based alloy.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111331244A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-06-26 | 尚良仲毅(沈阳)高新科技有限公司 | Stirring friction bonding composite connection method based on ultrasonic vibration |
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| US6173886B1 (en) * | 1999-05-24 | 2001-01-16 | The University Of Tennessee Research Corportion | Method for joining dissimilar metals or alloys |
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