CN110586643A - Dry farming farmland soil pollution remediation method - Google Patents
Dry farming farmland soil pollution remediation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110586643A CN110586643A CN201910876020.8A CN201910876020A CN110586643A CN 110586643 A CN110586643 A CN 110586643A CN 201910876020 A CN201910876020 A CN 201910876020A CN 110586643 A CN110586643 A CN 110586643A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B77/00—Machines for lifting and treating soil
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
- B09C1/105—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes using fungi or plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for restoring soil pollution of a dry farmland, which mainly comprises the following steps: s1: collecting and detecting soil with different depths, determining a treatment range and depth, stripping the soil at the position, additionally placing the soil, rolling the soil at the bottom layer in the pit, and paving a biodegradable film on the surface and the inner walls around the pit; s2: then inserting a plurality of sections of slow-release triggering piles into the bottom soil of the organic contaminated soil according to the row spacing and the space; s3: backfilling the soil for multiple times, adding a soil treatment agent, turning over and mixing, and paving a slow-release repairing layer on the surface layer of the soil; s4: repeating the step S2 until the soil is backfilled, then spraying a plant nutrient solution on the surface layer of the soil, and planting plants on the soil; s5: the uppermost one of the sustained-release trigger piles in step S3 is periodically energized. The invention can carry out long-acting slow-release restoration treatment on the soil, and avoids the problems of incomplete soil restoration and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil treatment, in particular to a method for restoring soil pollution of a dry farmland.
Background
The soil is a loose surface layer having fertility on the surface of the land and capable of growing plants, and the thickness thereof is generally about 2 m. The soil not only provides mechanical support capability for plant growth, but also provides fertility factors such as water, fertilizer, gas, heat and the like required by the growth and development of the plant. As the population is rapidly increased and the industry is rapidly developed, solid wastes are continuously stacked and dumped on the surface of soil, harmful waste water continuously permeates into the soil, and harmful gas and floating dust in the atmosphere continuously fall into the soil along with rainwater, so that the soil pollution is caused.
The problem is particularly troublesome in agricultural planting along with the continuous increase of soil pollution, the crop yield and quality are reduced due to the influence of the soil pollution, the human health is indirectly influenced by grains, vegetables, fruits and the like, and for the soil pollution treatment of dry farming farmlands, a repairing method is rarely provided in the prior art, meanwhile, the traditional soil pollution treatment has no long-term effect, the problems of incomplete pollution treatment and the like are easy to occur, so that the problem is solved by the soil pollution repairing method for the dry farming farmlands.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for restoring soil pollution of a dry farmland.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the method for remedying the soil pollution of the dry farmland mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting and detecting soil with different depths, determining a treatment range and depth, stripping the soil at the position, additionally placing the soil, rolling the soil at the bottom layer in the pit, and paving a biodegradable film on the surface and the inner walls around the pit; the polluted soil is effectively isolated from the normal soil, and the treatment effect of the polluted soil is improved;
s2: then inserting a plurality of sections of slow-release triggering piles into the bottom soil of the organic contaminated soil according to the row spacing and the space;
s3: backfilling the soil for multiple times, adding a soil treatment agent for plowing and mixing every 15-20 cm of backfilling, and paving a slow-release repairing layer on the surface layer of the soil; the soil is backfilled for multiple times, so that the mixing effect of the soil treatment agent can be improved, a foundation is provided for the use of the slow-release repairing layer, and the backfilling height is set to be 15-20 cm, so that the use effect of the slow-release repairing layer at the later stage can be effectively improved;
s4: repeating the step S2 until the soil is backfilled, and then spraying plant nutrient solution on the surface layer of the soil to make the surface soil completely wet, and planting plants on the soil; plants are planted on the surface of the soil, so that the surface soil can be assisted to be repaired, and meanwhile, the soil fixing effect is achieved;
s5: the uppermost one of the sustained-release trigger piles in step S3 is periodically energized.
Further, the plant is one or more of fern, strelitzia reginae and wild rice stem; when plants are planted, the plants are planted in 2-4 plants/bunch, and the planting distance is 10-15 cm. By planting one or more of fern, strelitzia reginae and wild rice stem, the soil can be effectively and ecologically restored.
Further, the soil treatment agent is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 4-7 parts of diatomite, 6-9 parts of a mixed microbial inoculum, 1-2 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 3-5 parts of polybutylene succinate, 1-2 parts of chelated zinc and 60-85 parts of water, uniformly mixing the diatomite and the polybutylene succinate, wetting a small amount of water, uniformly mixing the mixed microbial inoculum and the chelated zinc with the mixture, standing for 20-30 min, adding the mixture into a water solution formed by mixing the rest water and the sodium tripolyphosphate, and uniformly stirring by using ultrasonic waves to obtain the soil treatment agent. The soil treatment agent prepared from the components can be used as a pre-mixed matrix of the mixed microbial inoculum in preparation after the polybutylene succinate and the diatomite are mixed, and the mixed microbial inoculum, the chelated zinc and the zinc are mixed and then stand, so that the activity of the mixed microbial inoculum can be improved, wherein the dispersibility and the stability of each substance component can be improved by adding the sodium tripolyphosphate, and the using effect of the soil treatment agent is improved.
Furthermore, the mixed microbial inoculum is prepared from bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus bulgaricus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and corynebacterium glutamicum according to the mass ratio of 1: 2: 1: 1 are mixed. The repairing treatment effect on the dry farming farmland can be improved by the combination and the proportion preparation of the strains.
Further, the line spacing for inserting the slow release trigger piles in the step S2 is 0.2-0.4 m, and the distance is 0.2-0.4 m. Through the arrangement of the line spacing and the distance of 0.2-0.4 m, the distance of the slow release trigger piles can be adjusted according to the specific repairing situation, specifically the width of one or two slow release repairing layers between two slow release trigger piles.
Further, the dosage of the soil treatment agent in the step S3 is 420-650 ml/m3. By adding the soil treatment agent with the dosage, the backfilling depth of 15-20 cm in the method can be effectively matched, and the soil remediation effect is improved.
Further, in the step S5, each slow release trigger pile is electrified every 18 to 25 days, and the time of each electrification is 2 to 3 min. The slow-release interval electrifying time is correspondingly adjusted according to the soil backfilling depth, so that the soil treatment agent can be periodically supplemented to the soil, the remediation effect on the soil pollution of the dry farmland is improved, the soil treatment agent is placed once and excessively, and the problems of incomplete soil remediation and poor remediation effect in the later period are avoided.
Further, the slow-release repairing layer is specifically as follows: the soil improvement agent layer and the gel layer are arranged alternately in a multilayer structure, and a carbon-silicon crystal net layer is laid on the bottommost layer of the slow-release repairing layer. The alternating arrangement of the soil treatment agent layer and the gel layer can effectively utilize the characteristic that the gel layer is melted by heating, and carry out the periodic slow-release restoration treatment on the polluted soil of each layer, thereby improving the effect of soil treatment.
Furthermore, the preparation method of the slow-release repairing layer comprises the following steps: the gel layer is made of gelatin and is prepared into a square structure with the thickness of 3-4 cm and 20cm multiplied by 20cm, a plurality of honeycomb latticed containing grooves with the depth of 2-3 cm are formed in the upper portion of the gel layer, and the containing grooves are used for filling a soil treatment agent to form a soil treatment agent layer; the using method comprises the following steps: and filling the gel layer on the silicon crystal silicon net layer, spraying cold water on the silicon crystal silicon net layer until the silicon crystal silicon net layer absorbs water and expands, filling the soil treatment agent in the accommodating groove at the upper part of the gel layer, and repeating the steps until 2-3 layers are filled and paved after the filling is finished. According to the invention, the soil treatment agent is filled in the way that the accommodating groove is arranged at the upper part of the gel layer, so that the multilayer stacking efficiency can be improved, the gel layer is divided into a plurality of small blocks for preparation, the filling and paving are easy, the adaptability adjustment can be carried out according to the terrain, and the filling and paving operation is convenient.
Furthermore, the slow release triggering pile is specifically an electrified heating device, and mainly comprises a pile body, a heat insulation sleeve and a heat conduction ring; the pile body is provided with two heat conducting rings, the two heat conducting rings are used for being connected with a carbon crystal silicon net layer to conduct heat, an electric heating rod is arranged in the pile body, the heat conducting rings are movably connected with a sliding groove formed in the outer wall of the pile body through the heat conducting rod, the heat conducting rod is in contact with the electric heating rod through a heat conducting arc piece, each heat conducting ring is provided with a locking button, each locking button comprises a locking rod and a spring seat, the locking rods are connected with the heat conducting rings through the spring seats, a plurality of hole grooves matched with the locking rods are vertically formed in the pile body, and the interval between; the slow release triggering piles are spliced by multiple sections of threads according to specific heights, the heat conducting rods of two adjacent slow release triggering piles are connected through wires, the heat insulation sleeve is arranged between the two adjacent heat conducting rings and made of asbestos materials, and meanwhile, the heat insulation sleeve is provided with a margin for movement between the two heat conducting rings. The slow release triggering post arranged in the invention can effectively improve the insertion efficiency, can be installed in multiple sections according to different depths, and simultaneously improves the conduction efficiency and the utilization efficiency of the slow release triggering post.
The invention relates to an operation method for filling and paving a slow-release repairing layer and a slow-release triggering pile, which comprises the following steps:
selecting a proper number of slow release trigger piles according to the depth in the pit, and inserting the slow release trigger piles into the bottom soil in the pit according to the selection of the row spacing and the space;
backfilling soil in several times, adjusting the distance between two adjacent heat conduction rings according to the backfilling depth of each time, paving the carbon-silicon crystal net layer on the bottom layer, connecting the carbon-silicon crystal net layer with the heat conduction rings and the adjacent carbon-silicon crystal net layer through connecting buckles, then placing the preset number of slow-release repair layers on the carbon-silicon crystal net layer, backfilling again, and repeating the operations until the soil is backfilled; after the power is switched on, the electric heating rod in the slow release triggering pile is switched on to generate heat, the heat is sequentially conducted to the heat conduction ring through the heat conduction arc-shaped sheet and the heat conduction rod, the heat is conducted to the silicon crystal net layer through the heat conduction ring, the gel layer contacted with the silicon crystal net layer is melted through the heat conduction of the silicon crystal net layer, and the soil treatment agent is leaked into the soil through the silicon crystal net layer;
the locking rod is pulled to be far away from the hole groove, the heat conduction ring is operated to enable the heat conduction rod to move along the sliding groove, after the backfilling depth is adjusted to be in accordance with the interval, the locking rod is loosened to enable the locking rod to be clamped in the corresponding hole groove, and during the process, when the multiple sections of slow-release trigger piles are spliced, the locking rod is spliced through threads arranged at two ends.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the repairing method, the polluted soil and the normal soil are subjected to isolated treatment, and the soil can be subjected to long-acting slow-release repairing treatment by utilizing the multi-layer backfill and the arrangement of the slow-release repairing layer and the slow-release triggering pile, so that the problems of incomplete soil repairing and the like are solved.
(2) The slow-release repairing layer provided by the invention utilizes the alternating arrangement of the soil treating agent layer and the gel layer, can effectively utilize the characteristic that the gel layer is melted by heating, carries out periodic slow-release repairing treatment on the polluted soil of each layer, and improves the soil treating effect.
(3) The slow release triggering column can effectively improve the insertion efficiency, and the backfill depth of each layer can be adjusted according to the repairing method through the adjustable design of the heat conduction ring, so that the slow release triggering pile has the effect of adjusting according to the repairing method, and the operation efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the sustained-release trigger pile of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic external view of a pile body of the slow release trigger pile.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the locking button of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic connection diagram of the slow release trigger peg of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the gel layer of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-pile body, 11-electric heating rod, 12-sliding chute, 13-hole groove, 2-heat insulation sleeve, 3-heat conduction ring, 31-heat conduction rod, 32-heat conduction arc sheet, 4-locking button, 41-locking rod, and 42-spring seat.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A method for restoring soil pollution of a dry farmland mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting and detecting soil with different depths, determining a treatment range and depth, stripping the soil at the position, additionally placing the soil, rolling the soil at the bottom layer in the pit, and paving a biodegradable film on the surface and the inner walls around the pit; the polluted soil is effectively isolated from the normal soil, and the treatment effect of the polluted soil is improved;
s2: then inserting a plurality of sections of slow-release triggering piles into the bottom soil of the organic contaminated soil according to the row spacing and the space; wherein the row spacing for inserting the slow release trigger piles is 0.2m, and the spacing is 0.2 m. The distance of the slow release triggering piles can be adjusted according to the specific repairing situation, and specifically, the two slow release triggering piles are separated by the width of a slow release repairing layer;
s3: backfilling the soil for multiple times, adding soil treating agent at a dosage of 420ml/m for each backfilling time of 15cm, and plowing and mixing3By adding the soil treatment agent with the dosage, the backfilling depth of 15cm in the method can be effectively matched, the soil remediation effect is improved, and the slow-release remediation layer is laid on the surface layer of the soil remediation layer; the soil is backfilled for multiple times, so that the mixing effect of the soil treatment agent can be improved, a foundation is provided for the use of the slow-release repairing layer, and the backfilling height is set to be 15cm, so that the use effect of the later-stage slow-release repairing layer can be effectively improved(ii) a The soil treatment agent is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts of diatomite, 6 parts of a mixed microbial inoculum, 1 part of sodium tripolyphosphate, 3 parts of polybutylene succinate, 1 part of chelated zinc and 60 parts of water, wherein the mixed microbial inoculum is prepared from bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus bulgaricus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and corynebacterium glutamicum according to a mass ratio of 1: 2: 1: 1 are mixed. The repairing treatment effect on the dry farming farmland can be improved by the combination and the proportion preparation of the strains. Evenly mixing diatomite and polybutylene succinate, wetting the mixture by a small amount of water, evenly mixing the mixed microbial inoculum and chelated zinc with the mixture, standing for 20min, adding the mixture into an aqueous solution formed by mixing the rest water and sodium tripolyphosphate, and carrying out ultrasonic stirring evenly to obtain the soil treatment agent. The soil treatment agent prepared from the components can be used as a pre-mixed matrix of a mixed microbial inoculum in preparation after the polybutylene succinate and the diatomite are mixed, and the mixed microbial inoculum, the chelated zinc and the zinc are mixed and then stand, so that the activity of the mixed microbial inoculum can be improved, wherein the dispersibility and the stability of each substance component can be improved by adding the sodium tripolyphosphate, and the using effect of the soil treatment agent is improved;
s4: repeating the step S2 until the soil is backfilled, and then spraying plant nutrient solution on the surface layer of the soil to make the surface soil completely wet, and planting plants on the soil; plants are planted on the surface of the soil, so that the surface soil can be assisted to be repaired, and meanwhile, the soil fixing effect is achieved; wherein the plant is one or more of rhizoma Pteridii Latiusculi, herba strelitziae and caulis Zizaniae Caduciflorae; when the plants were planted, they were planted in 2 plants/clump with a planting interval of 10 cm. By planting one or more of fern, strelitzia reginae and wild rice shoots, the soil can be effectively and ecologically restored;
s5: and (4) electrifying the uppermost sustained-release trigger pile in the step (S3) regularly, wherein each sustained-release trigger pile is electrified every 18 days, and each electrifying time is 2 min. The slow-release interval electrifying time is correspondingly adjusted according to the soil backfilling depth, so that the soil treatment agent can be periodically supplemented to the soil, the remediation effect on the soil pollution of the dry farmland is improved, the soil treatment agent is placed once and excessively, and the problems of incomplete soil remediation and poor remediation effect in the later period are avoided.
The slow-release repairing layer is specifically as follows: the soil improvement agent layer and the gel layer are arranged alternately in a multilayer structure, and a carbon-silicon crystal net layer is laid on the bottommost layer of the slow-release repairing layer. The alternating arrangement of the soil treatment agent layer and the gel layer can effectively utilize the characteristic that the gel layer is melted by heating, and carry out the periodic slow-release restoration treatment on the polluted soil of each layer, thereby improving the effect of soil treatment.
The preparation method of the slow-release repairing layer comprises the following steps: selecting gelatin as the gel layer, as shown in fig. 5, preparing the gel layer into a square structure with the thickness of 3cm and 20cm × 20cm, and arranging a plurality of cellular network-shaped accommodating grooves with the depth of 2cm at the upper part of the gel layer, wherein the accommodating grooves are used for filling the soil treatment agent to form a soil treatment agent layer; the using method comprises the following steps: and filling the gel layer on the silicon crystal silicon net layer, spraying cold water on the silicon crystal silicon net layer until the silicon crystal silicon net layer absorbs water and expands, filling the soil treatment agent in the accommodating groove at the upper part of the gel layer, and repeating the steps until 2 layers are filled and laid after filling is finished. According to the invention, the soil treatment agent is filled in the way that the accommodating groove is arranged at the upper part of the gel layer, so that the multilayer stacking efficiency can be improved, the gel layer is divided into a plurality of small blocks for preparation, the gel layer can be easily filled and paved, the adaptability adjustment can be carried out according to the terrain, and the filling and paving operation is convenient.
Example 2
A method for restoring soil pollution of a dry farmland mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting and detecting soil with different depths, determining a treatment range and depth, stripping the soil at the position, additionally placing the soil, rolling the soil at the bottom layer in the pit, and paving a biodegradable film on the surface and the inner walls around the pit; the polluted soil is effectively isolated from the normal soil, and the treatment effect of the polluted soil is improved;
s2: then inserting a plurality of sections of slow-release triggering piles into the bottom soil of the organic contaminated soil according to the row spacing and the space; wherein the row spacing for inserting the slow release trigger piles is 0.2m, and the spacing is 0.2 m. The distance of the slow release triggering piles can be adjusted according to the specific repairing situation, and specifically, the two slow release triggering piles are separated by the width of a slow release repairing layer;
s3: backfilling the soil for multiple times, adding soil treating agent at a dosage of 540ml/m for each backfilling of 17cm, and plowing and mixing3By adding the soil treatment agent with the dosage, the depth of backfilling 17cm in the method can be effectively matched, the soil remediation effect is improved, and a slow-release remediation layer is laid on the surface layer of the soil remediation layer; the soil is backfilled for multiple times, so that the mixing effect of the soil treatment agent can be improved, a foundation is provided for the use of the slow-release repairing layer, and the backfilling height is set to be 17cm, so that the use effect of the later-stage slow-release repairing layer can be effectively improved; the soil treatment agent is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of diatomite, 7 parts of a mixed microbial inoculum, 1 part of sodium tripolyphosphate, 4 parts of polybutylene succinate, 2 parts of chelated zinc and 80 parts of water, wherein the mixed microbial inoculum is prepared from bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus bulgaricus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and corynebacterium glutamicum according to a mass ratio of 1: 2: 1: 1 are mixed. The repairing treatment effect on the dry farming farmland can be improved by the combination and the proportion preparation of the strains. Evenly mixing diatomite and polybutylene succinate, wetting the mixture by a small amount of water, evenly mixing the mixed microbial inoculum and chelated zinc with the mixture, standing for 26min, adding the mixture into an aqueous solution of the remaining water and the sodium tripolyphosphate, and evenly stirring by ultrasonic waves to obtain the soil treatment agent. The soil treatment agent prepared from the components can be used as a pre-mixed matrix of a mixed microbial inoculum in preparation after the polybutylene succinate and the diatomite are mixed, and the mixed microbial inoculum, the chelated zinc and the zinc are mixed and then stand, so that the activity of the mixed microbial inoculum can be improved, wherein the dispersibility and the stability of each substance component can be improved by adding the sodium tripolyphosphate, and the using effect of the soil treatment agent is improved;
s4: repeating the step S2 until the soil is backfilled, and then spraying plant nutrient solution on the surface layer of the soil to make the surface soil completely wet, and planting plants on the soil; plants are planted on the surface of the soil, so that the surface soil can be assisted to be repaired, and meanwhile, the soil fixing effect is achieved; wherein the plant is one or more of rhizoma Pteridii Latiusculi, herba strelitziae and caulis Zizaniae Caduciflorae; when the plants were planted, the plants were planted in 3 plants/bundle at a spacing of 12 cm. By planting one or more of fern, strelitzia reginae and wild rice shoots, the soil can be effectively and ecologically restored;
s5: and (4) electrifying the uppermost slow release trigger pile in the step (S3) regularly, wherein each slow release trigger pile is electrified every 21 days, and the electrifying time is 140S every time. The slow-release interval electrifying time is correspondingly adjusted according to the soil backfilling depth, so that the soil treatment agent can be periodically supplemented to the soil, the remediation effect on the soil pollution of the dry farmland is improved, the soil treatment agent is placed once and excessively, and the problems of incomplete soil remediation and poor remediation effect in the later period are avoided.
The slow-release repairing layer is specifically as follows: the soil improvement agent layer and the gel layer are arranged alternately in a multilayer structure, and a carbon-silicon crystal net layer is laid on the bottommost layer of the slow-release repairing layer. The alternating arrangement of the soil treatment agent layer and the gel layer can effectively utilize the characteristic that the gel layer is melted by heating, and carry out the periodic slow-release restoration treatment on the polluted soil of each layer, thereby improving the effect of soil treatment.
The preparation method of the slow-release repairing layer comprises the following steps: selecting gelatin as the gel layer, preparing the gel layer into a square structure with the thickness of 3.5cm and 20cm multiplied by 20cm as shown in fig. 5, and arranging a plurality of honeycomb latticed containing grooves with the depth of 2.5cm at the upper part of the gel layer, wherein the containing grooves are used for filling the soil treatment agent to form a soil treatment agent layer; the using method comprises the following steps: and filling the gel layer on the silicon crystal silicon net layer, spraying cold water on the silicon crystal silicon net layer until the silicon crystal silicon net layer absorbs water and expands, filling the soil treatment agent in the accommodating groove at the upper part of the gel layer, and repeating the steps until 3 layers are filled and laid after filling is finished. According to the invention, the soil treatment agent is filled in the way that the accommodating groove is arranged at the upper part of the gel layer, so that the multilayer stacking efficiency can be improved, the gel layer is divided into a plurality of small blocks for preparation, the gel layer can be easily filled and paved, the adaptability adjustment can be carried out according to the terrain, and the filling and paving operation is convenient.
Example 3
A method for restoring soil pollution of a dry farmland mainly comprises the following steps:
s1: collecting and detecting soil with different depths, determining a treatment range and depth, stripping the soil at the position, additionally placing the soil, rolling the soil at the bottom layer in the pit, and paving a biodegradable film on the surface and the inner walls around the pit; the polluted soil is effectively isolated from the normal soil, and the treatment effect of the polluted soil is improved;
s2: then inserting a plurality of sections of slow-release triggering piles into the bottom soil of the organic contaminated soil according to the row spacing and the space; wherein the row spacing for inserting the slow release trigger piles is 0.2m, and the spacing is 0.2 m. The distance of the slow release triggering piles can be adjusted according to the specific repairing situation, and specifically, the two slow release triggering piles are separated by the width of a slow release repairing layer;
s3: backfilling the soil for multiple times, and adding soil treatment agent at a dosage of 650ml/m for each backfilling of 20cm, and plowing and mixing3By adding the soil treatment agent with the dosage, the depth of backfilling 20cm in the method can be effectively matched, the soil remediation effect is improved, and a slow-release remediation layer is laid on the surface layer of the soil remediation layer; the soil is backfilled for multiple times, so that the mixing effect of the soil treatment agent can be improved, a foundation is provided for the use of the slow-release repairing layer, and the backfilling height is set to be 20cm, so that the use effect of the slow-release repairing layer at the later stage can be effectively improved; the soil treatment agent is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 7 parts of diatomite, 9 parts of a mixed microbial inoculum, 2 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 5 parts of polybutylene succinate, 2 parts of chelated zinc and 85 parts of water, wherein the mixed microbial inoculum is prepared from bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus bulgaricus, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and corynebacterium glutamicum according to a mass ratio of 1: 2: 1: 1 are mixed. The repairing treatment effect on the dry farming farmland can be improved by the combination and the proportion preparation of the strains. Evenly mixing diatomite and polybutylene succinate, wetting the mixture by a small amount of water, evenly mixing the mixed microbial inoculum and chelated zinc with the mixture, standing for 30min, adding the mixture into an aqueous solution of the remaining water and the sodium tripolyphosphate, and evenly stirring by ultrasonic waves to obtain the soil treatment agent. The soil treatment agent prepared from the components can be used as a pre-mixed matrix of the mixed microbial inoculum in preparation after the polybutylene succinate and the diatomite are mixed, and the mixed microbial inoculum and the chelated zinc are mixed and then are kept stand, so that the mixing can be improvedThe activity of the microbial inoculum, wherein sodium tripolyphosphate is added to improve the dispersibility and stability of each substance component and improve the use effect of the soil treatment agent;
s4: repeating the step S2 until the soil is backfilled, and then spraying plant nutrient solution on the surface layer of the soil to make the surface soil completely wet, and planting plants on the soil; plants are planted on the surface of the soil, so that the surface soil can be assisted to be repaired, and meanwhile, the soil fixing effect is achieved; wherein the plant is one or more of rhizoma Pteridii Latiusculi, herba strelitziae and caulis Zizaniae Caduciflorae; when the plants were planted, the plants were planted in 4 plants/clump with a planting interval of 15 cm. By planting one or more of fern, strelitzia reginae and wild rice shoots, the soil can be effectively and ecologically restored;
s5: and (4) electrifying the uppermost sustained-release trigger pile in the step (S3) regularly, wherein each sustained-release trigger pile is electrified every 25 days, and the electrifying time is 3min every time. The slow-release interval electrifying time is correspondingly adjusted according to the soil backfilling depth, so that the soil treatment agent can be periodically supplemented to the soil, the remediation effect on the soil pollution of the dry farmland is improved, the soil treatment agent is placed once and excessively, and the problems of incomplete soil remediation and poor remediation effect in the later period are avoided.
The slow-release repairing layer is specifically as follows: the soil improvement agent layer and the gel layer are arranged alternately in a multilayer structure, and a carbon-silicon crystal net layer is laid on the bottommost layer of the slow-release repairing layer. The alternating arrangement of the soil treatment agent layer and the gel layer can effectively utilize the characteristic that the gel layer is melted by heating, and carry out the periodic slow-release restoration treatment on the polluted soil of each layer, thereby improving the effect of soil treatment.
The preparation method of the slow-release repairing layer comprises the following steps: selecting gelatin as the gel layer, preparing the gel layer into a square structure with the thickness of 4cm and 20cm multiplied by 20cm as shown in fig. 5, and arranging a plurality of honeycomb latticed accommodating grooves with the depth of 3cm at the upper part of the gel layer, wherein the accommodating grooves are used for filling the soil treatment agent to form a soil treatment agent layer; the using method comprises the following steps: and filling the gel layer on the silicon crystal silicon net layer, spraying cold water on the silicon crystal silicon net layer until the silicon crystal silicon net layer absorbs water and expands, filling the soil treatment agent in the accommodating groove at the upper part of the gel layer, and repeating the steps until 3 layers are filled and laid after filling is finished. According to the invention, the soil treatment agent is filled in the way that the accommodating groove is arranged at the upper part of the gel layer, so that the multilayer stacking efficiency can be improved, the gel layer is divided into a plurality of small blocks for preparation, the gel layer can be easily filled and paved, the adaptability adjustment can be carried out according to the terrain, and the filling and paving operation is convenient.
Example 4
This embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 2, except that S2: then inserting a plurality of sections of slow-release triggering piles into the bottom soil of the organic contaminated soil according to the row spacing and the space; wherein the row spacing for inserting the slow release trigger piles is 0.4m, and the spacing is 0.4 m. The distance adjustment of the slow release triggering piles can be carried out according to the specific repairing situation, and specifically, the two slow release triggering piles are spaced by the width of two slow release repairing layers.
The slow release triggering pile is specifically provided with an electrified heating device, and mainly comprises a pile body 1, a heat insulation sleeve 2 and a heat conduction ring 3 as shown in figures 1 and 2; the pile body 1 is internally provided with an electric heating rod 11, the heat conduction ring 3 is movably connected with a sliding groove 12 arranged on the outer wall of the pile body 1 through a heat conduction rod 31, the heat conduction rod 31 is contacted with the electric heating rod 11 through a heat conduction arc-shaped sheet 32, the heat conduction ring 3 is provided with a locking button 4, as shown in fig. 3, the locking button comprises a locking rod 41 and a spring seat 42, the locking rod 41 is connected with the heat conduction ring 3 through the spring seat 42, the pile body 1 is vertically provided with a plurality of hole grooves 13 matched with the locking rod 41, and the interval between two adjacent hole grooves 13 is 1 cm; as shown in fig. 4, the slow release triggering piles are spliced by multiple sections of threads according to specific heights, the heat conducting rods 31 of two adjacent slow release triggering piles are connected through wires, the heat insulating sleeve 2 is arranged between two adjacent heat conducting rings 3, the heat insulating sleeve 2 is made of asbestos materials, and meanwhile, the heat insulating sleeve 2 is provided with a margin for movement between the two heat conducting rings 3. The slow release triggering post arranged in the invention can effectively improve the insertion efficiency, can be installed in multiple sections according to different depths, and simultaneously improves the conduction efficiency and the utilization efficiency of the slow release triggering post, and through the adjustable design of the heat conduction ring 3, the backfill depth of each layer can be adjusted according to the repairing method provided by the invention, so that the slow release triggering post provided by the invention has the effect of being adjusted according to the repairing method, and the operation efficiency of the repairing method provided by the invention is correspondingly improved.
The invention relates to an operation method for filling and paving a slow-release repairing layer and a slow-release triggering pile, which comprises the following steps:
selecting a proper number of slow release trigger piles according to the depth in the pit, and inserting the slow release trigger piles into the bottom soil in the pit according to the selection of the row spacing and the space;
backfilling soil in several times, adjusting the distance between two adjacent heat conduction rings 3 according to the backfilling depth of each time, paving the carbon-silicon crystal net layer on the bottom layer, connecting the carbon-silicon crystal net layer with the heat conduction rings 3 and the adjacent carbon-silicon crystal net layer through connecting buckles, then placing the preset number of slow-release repair layers on the carbon-silicon crystal net layer, backfilling again, and repeating the operations until the soil is backfilled; after the power is switched on, the electric heating rod 11 in the slow-release triggering pile is switched on to generate heat, the heat is sequentially conducted to the heat conduction ring 3 through the heat conduction arc-shaped sheet 32 and the heat conduction rod 31, the heat is conducted to the silicon crystal net layer through the heat conduction ring 3, the gel layer contacted with the silicon crystal net layer is melted through the heat conduction of the silicon crystal net layer, and the soil treatment agent is enabled to leak into the soil through the silicon crystal net layer;
the locking rod 41 is pulled to be far away from the hole groove 13, the heat conduction ring 3 is operated to enable the heat conduction rod 31 to move along the sliding groove 12, after the backfilling depth is adjusted to meet the interval, the locking rod 41 is loosened to enable the locking rod to be clamped in the corresponding hole groove 13, and during the process, when the multiple sections of slow-release trigger piles are spliced, the locking rods are spliced through threads arranged at two ends; the above-mentioned materials, such as biodegradable film and plant culture solution, are commercially available brands.
Examples of the experiments
The dry farming farmlands in this city are selected, and the soil depth, the treatment area and the like are kept the same.
In order to explore the treatment effect of the repairing method on the polluted soil under the conditions of the same slow-release trigger pile spacing and the same row spacing and different proportions, the technical methods of the embodiments 1, 2 and 3 are respectively selected and recorded as the experimental examples 1, 2 and 3, and the results are as follows:
experimental example 1: the removal rate of soil pollutants (organic pesticides) is 98.7%;
experimental example 2: the removal rate of soil pollutants (organic pesticides) is 99.9%;
experimental example 3: the removal rate of soil pollutants (organic pesticides) is 99.3%;
in order to explore the treatment effect of the remediation method on the polluted soil under the conditions of different slow-release trigger pile distances and line distances and the same proportion, the technical methods of the embodiments 2 and 4 are respectively selected and recorded as the experimental examples 4 and 5, and the results are as follows:
experimental example 4: the removal rate of soil pollutants (organic pesticides) is 99.9%;
experimental example 5: the removal rate of soil pollutants (organic pesticides) is 99.7%;
the soil removal rate is basically the same, but after the same power-on time, a larger amount of slow-release repairing layers are remained in the experimental example 5;
in order to explore the advantages of the repairing method and the prior art, the following comparative test is carried out, the technical scheme of the embodiment 2 is selected and recorded as the experimental example 6, the soil treatment agent with the same proportioning dosage as the embodiment 2 is directly buried for soil treatment and recorded as the experimental example 7, the soil repairing condition is detected after two and a half months, and the results are as follows:
experimental example 6: the removal rate of soil pollutants (organic pesticides) is 99.9%;
experimental example 7: the removal rate of soil pollutants (organic pesticides) is 94.2%;
in order to explore the advantages of the soil treatment agent and the prior art, the following comparative experiment is carried out, the technical method of the embodiment 2 of the invention is taken as the experimental example 8, the technical scheme of the invention is the same as that of the embodiment 9, but the soil treatment agent is replaced by the soil remediation liquid in the patent CN201811387911.9 and taken as the experimental example 3, the soil remediation condition is detected after two and a half months, and the results are as follows:
experimental example 8: the removal rate of soil pollutants (organic pesticides) is 99.9%;
experimental example 9: the removal rate of soil pollutants (organic pesticides) is 93.7%;
in conclusion, it can be seen that the soil remediation method of the experimental examples 1 to 4, namely the examples 1 to 4, is good in the soil remediation effect of the dry farming farmland, and the effect of the example 2 is optimal.
Claims (10)
1. A method for restoring soil pollution of a dry farmland is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps:
s1: collecting and detecting soil with different depths, determining a treatment range and depth, stripping the soil at the position, additionally placing the soil, rolling the soil at the bottom layer in the pit, and paving a biodegradable film on the surface and the inner walls around the pit;
s2: then inserting a plurality of sections of slow-release triggering piles into the bottom soil of the organic contaminated soil according to the row spacing and the space;
s3: backfilling the soil for multiple times, adding a soil treatment agent for plowing and mixing every 15-20 cm of backfilling, and paving a slow-release repairing layer on the surface layer of the soil;
s4: repeating the step S2 until the soil is backfilled, and then spraying plant nutrient solution on the surface layer of the soil to make the surface soil completely wet, and planting plants on the soil;
s5: the uppermost one of the sustained-release trigger piles in step S3 is periodically energized.
2. The method for remedying soil pollution in a dry farmland according to claim 1, wherein the plants are one or more of fern, strelitzia reginae and zizania latifolia, and are planted in 2-4 plants/clump at a planting interval of 10-15 cm.
3. The method for remedying the soil pollution in the dry farmland according to claim 1, wherein the soil conditioner is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 4-7 parts of diatomite, 6-9 parts of a mixed microbial inoculum, 1-2 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 3-5 parts of polybutylene succinate, 1-2 parts of chelated zinc and 60-85 parts of water, uniformly mixing the diatomite and the polybutylene succinate, wetting a small amount of water, uniformly mixing the mixed microbial inoculum and the chelated zinc with the mixture, standing for 20-30 min, adding the mixture into a water solution formed by mixing the rest water and the sodium tripolyphosphate, and uniformly stirring by using ultrasonic waves to obtain the soil treatment agent.
4. The method for remedying the soil pollution in the dry farmland as claimed in claim 1, wherein the row spacing for inserting the slow release trigger piles in the step S2 is 0.2-0.4 m, and the spacing is 0.2-0.4 m.
5. The method for remedying the soil pollution in the dry farmland as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soil conditioner is added in an amount of 420 to 650ml/m in the step S33。
6. The method for remedying the soil pollution in the dry farmland as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S5, each slow release trigger pile is electrified every 18 to 25 days, and the time of each electrification is 2 to 3 min.
7. The method for remedying the soil pollution in the dry farmland according to claim 1, wherein the plants are one or more of fern, strelitzia reginae and zizania latifolia.
8. The method for remedying the soil pollution in the dry farmland according to claim 1, wherein the slow-release remediation layer is specifically: the soil improvement agent layer and the gel layer are arranged alternately in a multilayer structure, and a carbon-silicon crystal net layer is laid on the bottommost layer of the slow-release repairing layer.
9. The method for remedying the soil pollution in the dry farmland according to claim 8, wherein the preparation method of the slow-release remediation layer comprises the following steps: the gel layer is made of gelatin and is prepared into a square structure with the thickness of 3-4 cm and 20cm multiplied by 20cm, a plurality of honeycomb latticed containing grooves with the depth of 2-3 cm are formed in the upper portion of the gel layer, and the containing grooves are used for filling a soil treatment agent to form a soil treatment agent layer; the using method comprises the following steps: and filling the gel layer on the silicon crystal silicon net layer, spraying cold water on the silicon crystal silicon net layer until the silicon crystal silicon net layer absorbs water and expands, filling the soil treatment agent in the accommodating groove at the upper part of the gel layer, and repeating the steps until 2-3 layers are filled and paved after the filling is finished.
10. The method for remedying the soil pollution in the dry farmland according to claim 8, wherein the slow release triggering pile is a pile with an electric heating device, and mainly comprises a pile body (1), a heat insulation sleeve (2) and a heat conduction ring (3); the heat conduction rings (3) are used for being connected with a carbon silicon crystal net layer to conduct heat, an electric heating rod (11) is arranged in the pile body (1), the heat conduction rings (3) are movably connected with a sliding groove (12) formed in the outer wall of the pile body (1) through heat conduction rods (31), the heat conduction rods (31) are in contact with the electric heating rod (11) through heat conduction arc-shaped sheets (32), locking buttons (4) are arranged on the heat conduction rings (3), each locking button comprises a locking rod (41) and a spring seat (42), the locking rods (41) are connected with the heat conduction rings (3) through the spring seats (42), a plurality of hole grooves (13) matched with the locking rods (41) are vertically formed in the pile body (1), and the interval between every two adjacent hole grooves (13) is 1 cm; the slow-release triggering piles are spliced by multiple sections of threads according to specific heights, the heat conducting rods (31) of two adjacent slow-release triggering piles are connected through wires, the heat insulating sleeves (2) are arranged between the two adjacent heat conducting rings (3), the heat insulating sleeves (2) are made of asbestos materials, and meanwhile the heat insulating sleeves (2) are provided with allowance for movement between the two heat conducting rings (3).
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