CN110579412B - Method for laying stability detection positions of fan foundations of highway tunnel - Google Patents
Method for laying stability detection positions of fan foundations of highway tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/0202—Control of the test
- G01N2203/0212—Theories, calculations
- G01N2203/0218—Calculations based on experimental data
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for arranging stability detection positions of a highway tunnel fan foundation, and belongs to the technical field of highway tunnel fans. The method comprises the following steps: determining the division distance of the basic stability analysis model unit of the road tunnel fan according to the consistency analysis result; establishing a stability analysis model of a road tunnel fan foundation; analyzing the stability of the foundation of the fan of the highway tunnel through model numerical simulation; establishing a road tunnel fan foundation stability detection point optimization mathematical model based on the road tunnel fan foundation stability information matrix; solving the model; and calculating the positions of the measuring points according to the positions of all the elements in the basic stability information sub-matrix of the road tunnel fan and the division distance of the model units, and finally obtaining the number and the positions of the measuring points. The method can avoid the difference of subjective arrangement of uniform distribution points of the embedded steel plates in the stability detection of the foundation of the fan in the highway tunnel, thereby avoiding the misjudgment of the stability of the foundation of the jet fan suspended in the highway tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of highway tunnel fans, and relates to a method for laying stability detection positions of highway tunnel fans.
Background
The highway tunnel is generally provided with mechanical ventilation device, and wherein more than 95% has adopted suspension type efflux ventilation, so the stability of the embedded basis of the efflux fan that hangs has obtained people's high attention.
As shown in fig. 1, the installation method of the jet fan is generally that a steel plate (a1) is embedded in the arch of the tunnel, the embedded steel plate is welded (a0) with embedded steel bars, and then a fan installation support (a2) is welded on the steel plate. The fan (A3) is heavy, generates certain vibration during operation, and has adverse effect on the stability of the foundation inevitably, so that the stability of the foundation of the embedded part needs to be detected regularly.
The stability detection of the foundation of the highway tunnel suspension jet fan needs to seal tunnel traffic and high-altitude operation, and has great potential safety hazard. The stability detection of the foundation of the road tunnel fan needs to be provided with a plurality of measuring points, generally speaking, the more the measuring points are, the more the structural damage information can be obtained comprehensively, but the stability detection points of the foundation of the road tunnel fan cannot be arranged infinitely due to the tight field detection time and the heavy task. In addition, the arrangement position of the measuring points is also a key factor influencing the accuracy rate of judging the foundation stability of the highway tunnel fan. In the existing road tunnel fan foundation stability detection technology, the selection of detection positions adopts a manual experience point selection mode to uniformly distribute points on an embedded steel plate, but the subjective distribution mode is possibly different for different detection personnel, is not beneficial to the concrete implementation of the technology and has the possibility of misjudgment of the road tunnel suspension jet fan foundation stability.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention aims to provide a method for laying stability detection positions of fan foundations of a highway tunnel.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for arranging stability detection positions of fan foundations of a road tunnel comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring a basic impulse response time history of the fan through a field pre-test, solving a measuring point transfer function by using a formula 1, and performing consistency analysis on the measuring point transfer function by using a transfer function related value of adjacent knocking positions as a characteristic parameter of the consistency analysis, wherein the transfer function related value is calculated by using a formula 2; determining the division distance of the basic stability analysis model unit of the road tunnel fan according to the consistency analysis result;
in the formula: x (w) is the fourier transform of the pulsed excitation signal; y (w) is the fourier transform of the response signal;
the ith element of the transfer function for the jth pulse strike test; f is the number of times of pulse knocking tests;
s2: establishing a stability analysis model of a fan foundation of a highway tunnel, wherein the fan foundation model consists of embedded steel plates and embedded steel bars, and design values of the appearance size, the materials and the welding mode of the model are selected; the boundary conditions of the far end of the embedded steel bar and the periphery of the embedded steel plate are that the steel plate is tightly combined with concrete; taking the unit division distance in the step according to the unit size of the embedded steel plate; the model simulates the stable state of the foundation by changing the strength of the welding spots of the embedded steel bars and the embedded steel plates, and can realize the numerical output of the impulse response parameters of the foundation of the road tunnel fan;
s3: analyzing the stability of the foundation of the fan of the highway tunnel by model numerical simulation, and solving an information matrix of the stability of the foundation of the fan of the highway tunnel by using a formula 3;
in the formula: a isijFor highway tunnel fan foundation mouldThe stability information value of the ith row and jth column unit in the model is calculated by formula 4:
in the formula: h (w) is the pulse excitation transfer function of the unit in the steady state; h' (w) is a pulse excitation transfer function in the instability state of the unit; delta is the strength value of the welding spot of the embedded steel bar and the embedded steel plate in the model under the stable state of the unit; delta' is the strength value of the welding spot of the embedded steel bar and the embedded steel plate in the unstable state;
s4: a road tunnel fan foundation stability detection point optimization mathematical model is established based on a road tunnel fan foundation stability information matrix, the model takes stability information which contains a fan foundation as far as possible and has a few detection points as the best, and the objective function is formula 5:
λ1、λ2determining a parameter value of the model parameter according to a test; n is the number of the regions; thetaiThe calculation method is a formula 6 for the average value of the basic stability information of the fan of the road tunnel in the ith area:
e is the number of elements in the ith area in the basic stability information matrix of the road tunnel fan; a ispqStability information values of a p row and a q column in an ith area in a basic stability information matrix of the road tunnel fan;
s5: solving a road tunnel fan foundation stability detection point optimization mathematical model to obtain the number of the detection points and a road tunnel fan foundation stability information submatrix corresponding to each detection point;
s6: and calculating the positions of the measuring points according to the positions of all the elements in the basic stability information sub-matrix of the road tunnel fan and the division distance of the model units, and finally obtaining the number and the positions of the measuring points.
Further, the basic impulse response parameters of the road tunnel fan comprise vibration acceleration, speed and displacement of each unit.
Further, the method for solving the road tunnel fan basic stability detection point optimization mathematical model in the step S5 is an enumeration iteration, inheritance, simulated annealing or artificial fish swarm optimization algorithm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method can avoid the difference of subjective arrangement of uniform distribution points of the embedded steel plates in the stability detection of the foundation of the fan in the highway tunnel, thereby avoiding the misjudgment of the stability of the foundation of the jet fan suspended in the highway tunnel.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Drawings
For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a view of the installation of a jet fan;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a finite element model of a foundation of a wind turbine of a road tunnel.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in the drawings in which there is no intention to limit the invention thereto; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not an indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The invention aims to provide a method for arranging the stability detection positions of the foundation of the road tunnel fan, which specifically comprises the following steps as shown in figure 2:
1, determining a unit division distance of a basic model of the road tunnel fan based on impulse response consistency analysis.
(1) Performing pulse knocking tests on the embedded steel plates every 1cm, respectively calculating transfer functions (formula 1), performing transfer function correlation analysis (formula 2) on adjacent knocking positions, and calculating correlation values r1；
In the formula: x (w) is the fourier transform of the pulsed excitation signal; y (w) is the fourier transform of the response signal;
the ith element of the transfer function for the jth pulse strike test; f is the number of pulse beating tests.
(2) Performing pulse knocking tests on the embedded plates every 2cm and 3cm … n cm, respectively obtaining transfer functions of the embedded plates, performing correlation analysis on adjacent knocking positions, and calculating correlation values r of the adjacent knocking positions2、r3…rn；
(3) The larger the correlation value is, the more consistent the vibration conditions of the two points are, the knocking distance is taken as a unit division distance, the unit quantity is too much, and the calculated quantity is large; on the contrary, the smaller the correlation value is, the larger the difference between the vibration conditions of the two points is, the distance is divided by taking the distance as a unit, and the loss of the fan foundation instability information is easily caused. Therefore, according to the impulse response correlation value R ═ (R)1,r2,...,rn) Distribution of (2) by selecting the points of change of the tendency oriAnd taking the previous point smaller than 0.75 as a unit dividing point, wherein the corresponding tapping distance is the unit dividing distance in the finite element model.
2, establishing a finite element model of the fan foundation of the highway tunnel, wherein the finite element model is shown in figure 3, the fan foundation model consists of an embedded steel plate and an embedded steel bar, and relevant parameters such as the appearance size, the material and the welding mode of the model are designed; the boundary conditions of the far end of the embedded steel bar and the periphery of the embedded steel plate are that the steel plate is tightly combined with concrete. And (3) taking the unit division distance in the step (1) according to the unit size of the embedded steel plate.
And 3, analyzing the stability of the foundation of the fan of the highway tunnel through model numerical simulation, and solving an information matrix of the stability of the foundation of the fan of the highway tunnel.
(1) Simulating a basic stable state in the model by changing the strength of the embedded steel bars and the embedded steel plate welding spots, and establishing a stable grade in a grading manner;
(2) applying pulse excitation to the model, and determining the amplitude and frequency range of the excitation force according to a field test of a road tunnel fan foundation stability detection method;
(3) calculating a basic stability information matrix of the fan of the road tunnel under the excitation of model pulses;
in the formula: a isijThe method for calculating the stability information value of the ith row and jth column unit in the basic model of the road tunnel fan comprises the following steps:
in the formula: h (w) is the pulse excitation transfer function of the unit in the steady state; h' (w) is a pulse excitation transfer function in the instability state of the unit; delta the strength values of the welding points of the embedded steel bars and the embedded steel plates in the stable state of the unit; and delta' the strength value of the welding spot of the embedded steel bar and the embedded steel plate in the unstable state of the unit.
The selection of the 4 detection points should contain instability information of the wind turbine foundation as much as possible, but the detection points cannot be arranged on a large scale due to factors such as field detection safety and time urgency. Therefore, the layout of the detection points can be converted into the problem of regional optimization division of the basic stability information matrix of the road tunnel fan, namely the number of regions is small and the value of the stability information is excellent, and a mathematical model is established as follows:
(1) an objective function:
λ1、λ2as model parameters, parameter values can be determined according to experiments; n is the number of the regions; thetaiFor the stability of the foundation of the fan of the highway tunnel in the ith areaThe qualitative information mean value is calculated by the following method:
e is the number of elements in the ith area in the basic stability information matrix of the road tunnel fan; a ispqAnd obtaining the stability information value of the p row and the q column in the ith area in the basic stability information matrix of the road tunnel fan.
(2) The elements of the stability information matrix within the same region of the partition must be adjacent.
5, solving the mathematical model established in the step 4 to obtain the number n of the areas and a road tunnel fan foundation stability information area sub-matrix A corresponding to each areai. The specific solving method can adopt enumeration iteration or inheritance, simulated annealing, artificial fish school and other optimization algorithms.
6 according to the basic stability information area submatrix A of the highway tunnel faniAnd (5) calculating the positions of the measuring points by using subscripts of each element in the basic stability information matrix A of the road tunnel fan and the division distance of the model units, wherein the number n of output areas in the step 5 is the number of the measuring points, and each area is the measuring point area.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for laying stability detection positions of fan foundations of a highway tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring a basic impulse response time history of the fan through a field pre-test, solving a measuring point transfer function by using a formula 1, and performing consistency analysis on the measuring point transfer function by using a transfer function related value of adjacent knocking positions as a characteristic parameter of the consistency analysis, wherein the transfer function related value is calculated by using a formula 2; determining the division distance of the basic stability analysis model unit of the road tunnel fan according to the consistency analysis result;
(1) performing pulse knocking tests on the embedded steel plates every 1cm, respectively obtaining transfer functions of the embedded steel plates, namely formula 1, performing transfer function correlation analysis on adjacent knocking positions, namely formula 2, and calculating correlation values r of the embedded steel plates1；
In the formula: x (w) is the fourier transform of the pulsed excitation signal; y (w) is the fourier transform of the response signal;
the ith element of the transfer function for the jth pulse strike test; f is the number of times of pulse knocking tests;
(2) performing pulse knocking tests on the embedded plates every 2cm,3cm, … and ncm, respectively obtaining transfer functions of the embedded plates, performing correlation analysis on adjacent knocking positions, and calculating correlation values r of the adjacent knocking positions2、r3…rn；
(3) The larger the correlation value is, the more consistent the vibration conditions of the two points are, the knocking distance is taken as a unit division distance, the unit quantity is too much, and the calculated quantity is large; conversely, the smaller the correlation value is, the larger the difference between the vibration conditions of the two points is;
according to impulse response correlation value R ═ R (R)1,r2,...,rn) Distribution of (2) by selecting the points of change of the tendency or1,r2,...,rnTaking the previous point smaller than 0.75 as a unit dividing point, wherein the knocking distance corresponding to the unit dividing point is the unit dividing distance in the finite element model;
s2: establishing a stability analysis model of a fan foundation of a highway tunnel, wherein the fan foundation model consists of embedded steel plates and embedded steel bars, and design values of the appearance size, the materials and the welding mode of the model are selected; the boundary conditions of the far end of the embedded steel bar and the periphery of the embedded steel plate are that the steel plate is tightly combined with concrete; taking the unit division distance in the step according to the unit size of the embedded steel plate; the model simulates the stable state of the foundation by changing the strength of the welding spots of the embedded steel bars and the embedded steel plates, and can realize the numerical output of the impulse response parameters of the foundation of the road tunnel fan;
s3: analyzing the stability of the foundation of the fan of the highway tunnel by model numerical simulation, and solving an information matrix of the stability of the foundation of the fan of the highway tunnel by using a formula 3;
in the formula: a isijFor the stability information value of the ith row and jth column unit in the basic model of the road tunnel fan, the calculation method is formula 4:
in the formula: h (w) is the pulse excitation transfer function of the unit in the steady state; h' (w) is a pulse excitation transfer function in the instability state of the unit; delta is the strength value of the welding spot of the embedded steel bar and the embedded steel plate in the model under the stable state of the unit; delta' is the strength value of the welding spot of the embedded steel bar and the embedded steel plate in the unstable state;
s4: selecting detection points which contain instability information of a fan foundation, converting the layout of the detection points into the problem of optimal division of a stability information matrix area of the fan foundation of the highway tunnel, namely, the number of the areas is small and the value of stability information is excellent, establishing a mathematical model, wherein a target function is a formula 5:
λ1、λ2determining parameter values according to experiments for model parameters; n is the number of the regions; thetaiThe calculation method is a formula 6 for the average value of the basic stability information of the fan of the road tunnel in the ith area:
e is the number of elements in the ith area in the basic stability information matrix of the road tunnel fan; a ispqStability information values of a p row and a q column in an ith area in a basic stability information matrix of the road tunnel fan;
s5: solving a road tunnel fan foundation stability detection point optimization mathematical model to obtain the number of the detection points and a road tunnel fan foundation stability information submatrix corresponding to each detection point;
s6: and calculating the positions of the measuring points according to the positions of all the elements in the basic stability information sub-matrix of the road tunnel fan and the division distance of the model units, and finally obtaining the number and the positions of the measuring points.
2. The method for arranging the stability detection positions of the foundation of the road tunnel fan according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the basic impulse response parameters of the road tunnel fan comprise vibration acceleration, speed and displacement of each unit.
3. The method for arranging the stability detection positions of the foundation of the road tunnel fan according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method for solving the road tunnel fan basic stability detection point optimization mathematical model in the step S5 is an enumeration iteration, inheritance, simulated annealing or artificial fish swarm optimization algorithm.
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