CN109858156A - Vehicle and structural information recognition methods simultaneously based on vehicle bridge coupling vibration - Google Patents

Vehicle and structural information recognition methods simultaneously based on vehicle bridge coupling vibration Download PDF

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CN109858156A
CN109858156A CN201910099466.4A CN201910099466A CN109858156A CN 109858156 A CN109858156 A CN 109858156A CN 201910099466 A CN201910099466 A CN 201910099466A CN 109858156 A CN109858156 A CN 109858156A
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CN109858156B (en
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张建
王琳
田永丁
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Southeast University
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Abstract

The invention patent discloses a kind of vehicle based on vehicle bridge coupling vibration and structural information recognition methods simultaneously, structural environment vibratory response data and structure sport car vibratory response data are acquired respectively using the sensor laid on bridge, identify the basic friction angle parameter and time-varying modal parameter of structure respectively by mode algorithm, it is updated in the mapping parameters equation of structural eigenvector zoom factor and modal parameter and vehicle parameter, vehicle parameter can be calculated using different moments time-varying modal parameter, and then obtain structural eigenvector zoom factor, by the vibration shape zoom factor flexibility matrix deep layer subparameter can be displaced with reconfigured geometry, and then the displacement under pre- geodesic structure meaning static load in office, structure current safe state is assessed, the method of the present invention can only identify vehicle parameter and structural parameters from structural vibration response, it is convenient with test, Time-consuming advantage short, with high accuracy, the security evaluation suitable for the numerous bridges of road network.

Description

Vehicle and structural information recognition methods simultaneously based on vehicle bridge coupling vibration
Fields
The present invention relates to civil engineering works structure health monitoring technology Bridge vibration monitoring of engineering structure fields, and in particular to a kind of Vehicle and structural information recognition methods simultaneously based on vehicle bridge coupling vibration.
Background technique
Structural health monitoring technology is to improve building traffic engineering structural health safety and realize its sustainable performance management One of most effective approach, the amount of deflection of bridge assesses bridge performance most important, how to identify structural eigenvector zoom factor, into And the true flexibility matrix of structure is obtained, so that the deformation under pre- geodesic structure meaning static load in office becomes particularly important.
Environmental vibration testing is one of existing highway bridge monitoring structural health conditions and the main means of detection, it utilizes natural conditions Bridge is motivated, has the advantages that relative to artificial excitation test easy to operate, but it is merely able to the basic friction angle of export structure Parameter can not also directly support the security performance assessing of bridge structure.Compared to environmental vibration testing, impact vibration test needs It is artificial to apply external drive, while acquiring includes outputting and inputting data, due to input power it is known that impact vibration test can not only Access the basic friction angles parameter such as frequency, damping and vibration shape, moreover it is possible to identify structure deep layer subparameter such as flexibility, but impact vibration Test needs to close traffic, influences road normal operation, and be difficult to effectively motivate long Loads of Long-span Bridges full-bridge.
There are many bridge method for rapidly testing based on vehicle bridge coupling vibration in advance proposes for scholars, is widely adopted Method be to pass through that accelerometer is installed on vehicle and acquires vehicle to identify bridge in bridge floor acceleration information when driving Beam modal information, but its indirect measurement for relying primarily on bridge reaction, are only able to achieve the basic friction angles such as bridge frequency and vibration shape ginseng Several and preliminary non-destructive tests, are unable to get vehicle parameter information, it is even more impossible to obtain structural eigenvector zoom factor, for bridge knot The effect of structure security performance assessing is also very limited.
Summary of the invention
The present invention exactly aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, provide a kind of vehicle based on vehicle bridge coupling vibration with Structural information recognition methods simultaneously, acquires structural environment vibratory response data and structure using the sensor laid on bridge respectively Sport car vibratory response data identify the basic friction angle parameter and time-varying modal parameter of structure by mode algorithm, by its generation respectively Enter into the mapping parameters equation of structural eigenvector zoom factor and modal parameter and vehicle parameter, utilizes different moments time-varying modal Parameter can calculate vehicle parameter, and then obtain structural eigenvector zoom factor, can be with reconfigured geometry position by vibration shape zoom factor Move flexibility matrix deep layer subparameter, and then pre- geodesic structure it is in office meaning static load under displacement, to structure current safe state into Row assessment.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: vehicle and structure based on vehicle bridge coupling vibration Information recognition methods simultaneously, comprising the following steps:
S1 lays sensor on bridge, acquires structural environment vibratory response data and structure sport car vibratory response respectively Data;
S2 is based on the collected structural environment vibratory response data of step S1 and structure sport car by modal idenlification algorithm Vibratory response data, environment-identification vibration basic friction angle parameter and sport car vibrate time-varying modal parameter respectively;
S3 is based on quality spring vehicle-bridge coupled model kinetic equation, obtain structural eigenvector zoom factor and modal parameter and The step S2 basic friction angle parameter obtained and time-varying modal parameter are substituted into mapping parameters side by the mapping parameters equation of vehicle parameter Vehicle parameter is calculated in journey;
S4 brings vehicle parameter obtained by step S3 in mapping parameters equation into again, obtains architecture quality normalization vibration shape contracting Put coefficient;
S5 is reconstructed by the vibration shape zoom factor that the step S2 ambient vibration basic friction angle parameter identified and step S4 are obtained Displacement structure flexibility matrix deep layer subparameter, displacement of the pre- geodesic structure under static load, the current safe condition of evaluation structure.
As an improvement of the present invention, the ambient vibration basic friction angle parameter include at least every first natural frequency, Damping ratio and the displacement vibration shape is not scaled;When the sport car vibration time-varying modal parameter includes at least every single order of Vehicle-Bridge Coupling System Become intrinsic frequency and does not scale the displacement vibration shape.
It is improved as another kind of the invention, in the step S3, structural eigenvector zoom factor and modal parameter and vehicle The mapping parameters equation of parameter are as follows:
Wherein, MbFor the lumped mass matrix of bridge structure;Kv、MvIt is divided into truck spring rigidity and vehicle Weight;ωcrFor Vehicle-Bridge Coupling System r rank time-varying inherent circular frequency;ωorFor the substantially inherently round frequency of r rank of bridge structure Rate;{φrIt is that bridge structure r rank mass normalisation is displaced the vibration shape;Respectively added martixIn vertical freedom degree and the corresponding element of steering freedom degree;For added martix ΔK2=-[Nb]TKvIn element corresponding to vertical freedom degree;Respectively added martixIn vertical freedom degree and the corresponding element of steering freedom degree;CvFor vehicle damped coefficient;Vv For Vehicle Speed;[Nb] it is displacement structure form function matrix equal with bridge freedom degree at vehicle location;[T] is vertical The transformational relation being displaced between the vibration shape and the rotation displacement vibration shape.
It is improved as another kind of the invention, the step S3 ignores vehicle damping, the vehicle when calculating vehicle parameter Rigidity of the vehicle in parameter are as follows:
Wherein,To utilize structure the first rank basic friction angle parameter, car body matter T is calculated in structure the first rank time-varying modal parameter and shape function information at amount and different location1And t2Moment coefficient.
It is improved as another kind of the invention, the r rank each moment coefficient relevant to vehicle locationWherein, [Nbv] and [N] it is respectively displacement structure form function matrix [N equal with bridge freedom degree at vehicle locationb] in vertical freedom degree and The corresponding component of rotational freedom.
As a further improvement of the present invention, structure r rank mass normalisation vibration shape zoom factor in the step S4 αrAre as follows:
As a further improvement of the present invention, displacement of the structure under static load is displacement structure in the step S5 The product of flexibility matrix and the static load vector acted in structure.
As another improvement of the invention, the displacement structure flexibility matrix are as follows:
Wherein, αr、ωor、{ψrIt is respectively structure r rank mass normalisation vibration shape zoom factor, the intrinsic frequency of basic friction angle Rate and the displacement vibration shape is not scaled;N is identification order.
Compared with prior art, the invention patent the utility model has the advantages that by theory innovation deeply excavated vehicle parameter with Relationship between structural eigenvector zoom factor and structural dynamic modal information realizes the identification of structural eigenvector zoom factor, energy Enough reconfigured geometries are displaced flexibility matrix, based on this flexibility matrix may be implemented Deformation Prediction of the structure under any static load, Non-destructive tests and long-term behaviour assessment, the significantly more efficient performance state to bridge structure are assessed;Meanwhile for reality Vehicle parameter is difficult to determining deficiency in engineering test, and the method for the present invention, which can be avoided, needs the shortcomings that predicting vehicle parameter, and It identifies vehicle parameter, there is strong operability, test facilitates time-consuming short advantage, can more efficiently pacify to bridge Full assessment and maintenance management, have wide application prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the implementation process diagram of the method for the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that first three the rank basic friction angle of structure identified in the embodiment of the present invention 2 is displaced bending vibation mode picture;
Fig. 3 is structure first three the rank time-varying modal intrinsic frequency figure identified in the embodiment of the present invention 2;
Fig. 4 is the rigidity of the vehicle and theoretical value comparison diagram that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is calculated;
Fig. 5 is structure first three rank time-varying vibration shape zoom factor figure that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is calculated;
Fig. 6 is the zoom factor and theoretical value comparison diagram that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is calculated;
The displacement structure flexibility that Fig. 7 is identified by 2 method of the embodiment of the present invention predicts that amount of deflection and theoretical value compare.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to drawings and examples, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Vehicle and structural information recognition methods simultaneously based on vehicle bridge coupling vibration, as shown in Figure 1, comprising the following steps:
S1 lays sensor on bridge, acquires structural environment vibratory response data and structure sport car vibratory response respectively Data.
It determines sensor positioning scheme and acquires structural vibration data, according to specific structure type and test request, really The arrangement for determining sensor is acquired using the sensor of laying and stores bridge structure and shaken in the environment of earth pulsation and wind load Sport car vibratory response data when dynamic response data and vehicle pass through, wherein for no vehicle by when vibratory response, Acquisition time need to be no less than 10 minutes.
S2 is based on the collected structural environment vibratory response data of step S1 and structure sport car by modal idenlification algorithm Vibratory response data, environment-identification vibration basic friction angle parameter and sport car vibrate time-varying modal parameter respectively;
Ambient vibration response data of the bridge structure under earth pulsation and wind action is being obtained using sensor acquisition Later, ambient vibration response data is handled using modal idenlification algorithm, available fundamental mode of structures parameter, including Every first natural frequency, damping ratio and the displacement vibration shape is not scaled;Vehicle and bridge form time-varying coupling system when vehicle passes through, It is acquired using sensor and obtains bridge structure after having the sport car vibratory response data under Vehicle bridge action, known using mode Other algorithm handles sport car vibratory response data, available system time-varying modal parameter, including Vehicle-Bridge Coupling System Every single order time-varying intrinsic frequency and the displacement vibration shape is not scaled.
S3 is based on quality spring vehicle-bridge coupled model kinetic equation, obtain structural eigenvector zoom factor and modal parameter and The modal parameter that step S2 is obtained is substituted into mapping parameters equation and calculates vehicle parameter by the mapping parameters equation of vehicle parameter;
Obtain without vehicle by when structure when constant modal parameter and have vehicle by when time-varying modal parameter after, In conjunction with quality spring vehicle-bridge coupled model kinetic equation is based on, available basic friction angle parameter, time-varying modal parameter, vehicle are joined The mapping relations that several and structural eigenvector zoom factor meets at each moment:
Wherein MbFor the lumped mass matrix of bridge structure;Kv、MvIt is divided into truck spring rigidity and vehicle Weight;ωcrFor Vehicle-Bridge Coupling System r rank time-varying inherent circular frequency;ωorFor the substantially inherently round frequency of r rank of bridge structure Rate;{φrIt is that bridge structure r rank mass normalisation is displaced the vibration shape;Respectively added martixIn vertical freedom degree and the corresponding element of steering freedom degree;To add square Battle array Δ K2=-[Nb]TKvIn element corresponding to vertical freedom degree;Respectively added martixIn vertical freedom degree and the corresponding element of steering freedom degree;CvFor vehicle damped coefficient;Vv For Vehicle Speed;[Nb] it is displacement structure form function matrix equal with bridge freedom degree at vehicle location;[T] is vertical The transformational relation being displaced between the vibration shape and the rotation displacement vibration shape.
If bridge structure basic friction angle does not scale the displacement vibration shape { ψrAnd the mass normalisation displacement vibration shape { φrBetween pass System are as follows: { φr}=αrr, αrVibration shape zoom factor is normalized for architecture quality, and according to vibration shape orthogonality condition { φr}TMbr}=1 can further derive basic friction angle parameter, time-varying modal parameter, vehicle parameter and structural eigenvector zoom factor and exist The mapping relations that each moment meets:
In formula: unknown quantityIt can use basic friction angle and time-varying modal information And the conduct known quantity that car body mass and location information obtain Brcr 2Mvcr 2or 2), wherein [Nbv] and [N] it is respectively displacement structure form function matrix [N equal with bridge freedom degree at vehicle locationb] in it is vertical from By spending component corresponding with rotational freedom.
When vehicle is located at different location on bridge, can be according to fundamental mode of structures, car body mass and each position at Time-varying modal and shape function calculate separately each moment coefficientEstablish the parameter side at the moment JourneySimultaneous different moments parametric equation can solve acquisition And then it can obtain It arrives:
Rigidity of the vehicle coefficient
Vibration shape zoom factor
Vehicle damped coefficient
For ordinary test situation, vehicle is damped compared to rigidity and quality very little, for the shadow of vibration shape zoom factor Sound can be ignored.
Consider to simplify, when application can enable damping Cv=0, then parametric equation is reduced toMeanwhile The time varying characteristic of lower mode information is than more significant, when vehicle is located at 2 different locations of bridge, the one of the two moment of simultaneous Rigidity of the vehicle can be calculated in rank parametric equation:
S4 brings vehicle parameter obtained by step S3 in mapping parameters equation into again, obtains architecture quality normalization vibration shape contracting Put coefficient;
After rigidity of the vehicle is calculated, it is brought into reflecting for modal parameter, vehicle parameter and structural eigenvector zoom factor It penetrates in relational expression, the mass normalisation vibration shape zoom factor of environmental vibration testing jackshaft girder construction can be calculated:
S5, each rank mass normalisation vibration shape zoom factor α of the structure being calculatedr, basic friction angle natural frequency ωorNot The scaling displacement vibration shape { ψr, the displacement flexibility matrix of structure can be calculated:
Later, displacement structure flexibility matrix and the static load multiplication of vectors in structure will be acted on, structure can be calculated In the deformation of given static load, it is compared with theoretical value, structure current safety performance state can be assessed.
Embodiment 2
Vehicle and structural information recognition methods simultaneously based on vehicle bridge coupling vibration are to implement with a typical simply supported girder bridge , in the present embodiment, simply supported girder bridge overall length 30m is equally spaced 19 acceleration transducers in structure.
(1) fundamental mode of structures parameter identification when ambient vibration: the ambient vibration response of structure, by earth pulsation, wind lotus The environment arbitrary excitations such as load are influenced, and in a short time, the modal parameter of bridge structure will not change over time, using tradition Modal Parameter Identification algorithm can obtain the mode kinetic parameter of structure, not scale comprising intrinsic frequency, damping ratio and displacement The vibration shape.Common algorithm has peak picking method, singular value decomposition method, PolyMAX method and CMIF method etc., preferable using effect herein Complex modal indicating function method (Complex Mode Indicator Function, CMIF), identification obtain this simply supported girder bridge before Three rank intrinsic frequencies are 3.8288,15.3151,34.4580Hz, and the displacement vibration shape is as shown in Fig. 2.
(2) structure identification of time varying modal parameter when sport car vibrates: vehicle and bridge form a time-varying when sport car vibrates Coupled system, because influencing each other between vehicle bridge, the dynamic characteristic of system can change, Bu Nengyong as the position of vehicle is mobile Conventional method identifying system modal parameter, it may be considered that divide the response into several segments and assume the structural dynamic feature in each section It not changing, common algorithm has Short Time Fourier Transform, wavelet transformation, Hilbert-Huang transform, variation mode decomposition etc., For the sport car vibratory response data of bridge structure, Random Subspace Method (Stochastic Subspace is used herein Identification, SSI), it is as shown in Fig. 3 that identification obtains this simply supported girder bridge first three rank time varying frequency.
(3) vehicle parameter calculates: in the time-varying modal of the fundamental mode of structures parameter and sport car vibration that obtain ambient vibration After parameter, ignore the influence of vehicle damping, in conjunction with basic friction angle, time-varying modal, vehicle mass and travel speed, when using two Rigidity of the vehicle can be calculated in the first order parameter equation at quarter, and a rigidity of the vehicle value can be calculated to the every two moment, Summarize all Rigidity Calculation values, is taken after screening average as final Rigidity Calculation value.
Using the method for the present invention, the operating condition of three kinds of different vehicle rigidity is set, the rigidity of the vehicle being calculated every time with The comparison of theoretical value is as shown in Fig. 4, it can be found that calculated value and theoretical value deviation are no more than 5%.
(4) structural eigenvector zoom factor calculates: after rigidity of the vehicle is calculated, being brought into modal parameter, vehicle ginseng In several and structural eigenvector zoom factor mapping relations formula, the quality of environmental vibration testing jackshaft girder construction can be calculated Normalize vibration shape zoom factor.
Because of change in location of the vehicle on bridge, each moment can calculate a vibration shape zoom factor, this letter First three first order mode zoom factor of branch beam bridge is as shown in Fig. 5, weeds out the scaling factor value at mode node and is to remaining scaling Number is averaged to obtain the vibration shape zoom factor calculated value (0.0081,0.0080,0.0085) of every single order, contracts with structural eigenvector The comparison for putting coefficient theoretical value (0.0082,0.0082,0.0082) is as shown in Fig. 6, it can be found that the two meets very much, verifying The correctness of vehicle parameter and structural eigenvector zoom factor method for quickly identifying based on vehicle bridge coupling vibration, can be further Calculate the displacement flexibility matrix of structure.
(5) reconfigured geometry be displaced flexibility matrix: in conjunction with each rank mass normalisation vibration shape zoom factor of structure being calculated, Fundamental mode of structures intrinsic frequency and the displacement vibration shape is not scaled, the displacement flexibility matrix of structure can be calculated.
(6) amount of deflection prediction and Performance Evaluation: after obtaining the displacement flexibility matrix of structure, by its with act on structure Static load multiplication of vectors, can deformation of the pre- geodesic structure under the static load, it is compared with theoretical value, It is assessed with the current safe state to structure.
The static loading of following two load case: operating condition one is carried out for this simply supported girder bridge, all node locations apply 10kN static load (entirely across load);Operating condition two, the position node 1-10 apply 10kN static load (half across load).Using being sent out Bright method predicts that the comparison of each node amount of deflection and theoretical value is as shown in Fig. 7, therefrom as it can be seen that predicted value and the equal deviation of theoretical value very It is small, demonstrate the correctness for identifying displacement flexibility.
In conclusion using the method for the present invention can well using vehicle bridge coupling vibration response identify vehicle parameter and Structural eigenvector zoom factor, obtains displacement structure flexibility matrix, and the security performance of bridge structure is realized in pre- geodesic structure experience deformation Assessment.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry Personnel only illustrate the present invention it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited by examples detailed above described in examples detailed above and specification Principle, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, these variation and Improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention is by appended claims and its is equal Object defines.

Claims (8)

1. vehicle and structural information recognition methods simultaneously based on vehicle bridge coupling vibration, which comprises the following steps:
S1 lays sensor on bridge, acquires structural environment vibratory response data and structure sport car vibratory response data respectively;
S2 is vibrated by modal idenlification algorithm based on the collected structural environment vibratory response data of step S1 and structure sport car Response data identifies that the ambient vibration basic friction angle parameter of structure and sport car vibrate time-varying modal parameter respectively;
S3 is based on quality spring vehicle-bridge coupled model kinetic equation, obtains structural eigenvector zoom factor and modal parameter and vehicle The mapping parameters equation of parameter substitutes into the step S2 basic friction angle parameter obtained and time-varying modal parameter in mapping parameters equation Calculate vehicle parameter;
S4 brings vehicle parameter obtained by step S3 in mapping parameters equation into again, obtains architecture quality normalization vibration shape scaling system Number;
S5, the vibration shape zoom factor reconfigured geometry obtained by the step S2 ambient vibration basic friction angle parameter identified and step S4 It is displaced flexibility matrix deep layer subparameter, displacement of the pre- geodesic structure under static load, the current safe condition of evaluation structure.
2. the vehicle based on vehicle bridge coupling vibration and structural information recognition methods simultaneously, feature exist as described in claim 1 In the step S2, the ambient vibration basic friction angle parameter includes at least every first natural frequency, damping ratio and does not scale It is displaced the vibration shape;Sport car vibration time-varying modal parameter includes at least every single order time-varying intrinsic frequency and not of Vehicle-Bridge Coupling System The scaling displacement vibration shape.
3. the vehicle based on vehicle bridge coupling vibration and structural information recognition methods simultaneously, feature exist as described in claim 1 In the step S3, the mapping parameters equation of structural eigenvector zoom factor and modal parameter and vehicle parameter are as follows:
Wherein, MbFor the lumped mass matrix of bridge structure;Kv、MvIt is divided into truck spring rigidity and car body matter Amount;ωcrFor Vehicle-Bridge Coupling System r rank time-varying inherent circular frequency;ωorFor the basic inherent circular frequency of r rank of bridge structure; {φrIt is that bridge structure r rank mass normalisation is displaced the vibration shape;Respectively added martixIn vertical freedom degree and the corresponding element of steering freedom degree;To add square Battle array Δ K2=-[Nb]TKvIn element corresponding to vertical freedom degree;Respectively added martixIn vertical freedom degree and the corresponding element of steering freedom degree;CvFor vehicle damped coefficient;Vv For Vehicle Speed;[Nb] it is displacement structure form function matrix equal with bridge freedom degree at vehicle location;[T] is vertical The transformational relation being displaced between the vibration shape and the rotation displacement vibration shape.
4. the vehicle based on vehicle bridge coupling vibration and structural information recognition methods simultaneously as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, feature It is to ignore vehicle damping when the step S3 calculates vehicle parameter, the rigidity of the vehicle in the vehicle parameter are as follows:
Wherein,To utilize structure the first rank basic friction angle parameter, car body mass and not T is calculated with structure the first rank time-varying modal parameter and shape function information at position1And t2Moment coefficient.
5. the vehicle based on vehicle bridge coupling vibration and structural information recognition methods simultaneously, feature exist as claimed in claim 4 In the r rank each moment coefficient relevant to vehicle locationBrcr 2Mvcr 2or 2), wherein [Nbv] [N] it is respectively displacement structure form function matrix [N equal with bridge freedom degree at vehicle locationb] in vertical freedom degree Component corresponding with rotational freedom.
6. the vehicle based on vehicle bridge coupling vibration and structural information recognition methods simultaneously, feature exist as claimed in claim 4 The structure r rank mass normalisation vibration shape zoom factor α in the step S4rAre as follows:
7. the vehicle based on vehicle bridge coupling vibration and structural information recognition methods simultaneously, feature exist as described in claim 1 Displacement of the structure under static load is displacement structure flexibility matrix and acts on the static(al) lotus in structure in the step S5 Carry the product of vector.
8. the vehicle based on vehicle bridge coupling vibration and structural information recognition methods simultaneously, feature exist as claimed in claim 7 In the displacement structure flexibility matrix are as follows:
Wherein, αr、ωor、{ψrIt is respectively structure r rank mass normalisation vibration shape zoom factor, basic friction angle intrinsic frequency and not The scaling displacement vibration shape;N is identification order.
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