CN110578544A - A crawler-type active walking support mechanism suitable for roadheaders - Google Patents
A crawler-type active walking support mechanism suitable for roadheaders Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
- E21D23/04—Structural features of the supporting construction, e.g. linking members between adjacent frames or sets of props; Means for counteracting lateral sliding on inclined floor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
- E21D23/16—Hydraulic or pneumatic features, e.g. circuits, arrangement or adaptation of valves, setting or retracting devices
- E21D23/18—Hydraulic or pneumatic features, e.g. circuits, arrangement or adaptation of valves, setting or retracting devices of advancing mechanisms
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于掘进支护装备技术领域，特别是涉及一种适用于掘进机的履带式主动行走支护机构。The invention belongs to the technical field of tunneling support equipment, in particular to a crawler-type active walking support mechanism suitable for tunneling machines.
背景技术Background technique
随着煤矿综采技术装备与矿井配套设施的快速发展，综采工作面的开采强度成倍增加，促使煤矿井下巷道掘进工程量也同步剧增。With the rapid development of coal mine fully-mechanized mining technology and equipment and mine supporting facilities, the mining intensity of fully-mechanized mining face has doubled, prompting the amount of excavation work in coal mine underground roadway to also increase dramatically.
掘进工作面临时支护的安全问题是长期困扰煤炭生产的技术难题，由于巷道掘进后顶板不能及时有效的支护，经常会造成顶板掉落岩石导致伤人事故的发生，目前对于该问题的解决方案主要由两种，一种是采用结构简单的机载超前临时支护装置，这种装置多直接安装在掘进机截割部上方，能够随掘进机共同移动，但这种装置支护面积较小，实现不了全断面支护；另一种是非机载掘进支护装置，该装置能够实现自行移动，能够实现连续掘进和连续支护作业，但其多采用的是交叉迈步式前进方式，在底板较软或者高低不平的情况下，会导致支护装置的行进或后退产生困难，在支护装置移动过程中，还可能由于左右行进阻力不同导致支护位置出现偏差。The safety problem of temporary support in excavation work is a technical problem that has plagued coal production for a long time. Since the roof cannot be supported in time and effectively after tunnel excavation, rocks from the roof will often fall and cause injury accidents. The current solution to this problem There are mainly two schemes. One is to use an airborne advanced temporary support device with a simple structure. This device is mostly installed directly above the cutting part of the roadheader and can move together with the roadheader. However, the support area of this device is relatively small. The other is the non-airborne tunneling support device, which can move by itself and realize continuous tunneling and continuous support operations, but it mostly adopts the cross-stepping forward method. If the bottom plate is soft or uneven, it will make it difficult for the support device to advance or retreat. During the movement of the support device, the support position may be deviated due to the difference in the left and right travel resistance.
因此，设计一种支护面积大、能够自行移动、行走过程中能够对掘进过程起到安全支护的支护设备对于煤炭安全生产至关重要。Therefore, it is very important to design a support equipment with a large support area, which can move by itself, and can safely support the excavation process during walking.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术存在的问题，本发明提供一种适用于掘进机的履带式主动行走支护机构，具有支护面积大、能够自行移动、行走过程中能够对掘进过程起到安全支护的特点。Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a crawler-type active walking support mechanism suitable for roadheaders, which has the characteristics of large support area, self-moving, and safe support for the excavation process during the walking process. .
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：一种适用于掘进机的履带式主动行走支护机构，包括行走部和支护部；所述行走部包括液压马达、减速器、链轮、张紧轮、支重轮、履带链条、轮架及履带链条摩擦板；所述液压马达和减速器均安装在轮架的前端，液压马达的动力输出端与减速器的动力输入端相连，所述链轮固定套装在减速器的动力输出端；所述张紧轮安装在轮架的后端，张紧轮与链轮之间通过履带链条相连，所述支重轮数量若干，若干支重轮并列安装在张紧轮与链轮之间的轮架下方；所述履带链条摩擦板安装在张紧轮与链轮之间的轮架上方；所述支护部包括支撑底座、支撑油缸及支撑顶梁；所述支撑底座固装在轮架上，所述支撑顶梁位于支撑底座上方，支撑顶梁与支撑底座之间通过支撑油缸相连接。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a crawler-type active walking support mechanism suitable for roadheaders, including a walking part and a supporting part; the walking part includes a hydraulic motor, a reducer, a sprocket, a Tight wheels, rollers, track chains, wheel frames and track chain friction plates; the hydraulic motor and reducer are installed on the front end of the wheel frame, and the power output end of the hydraulic motor is connected with the power input end of the reducer. The sprocket is fixedly set on the power output end of the reducer; the tension wheel is installed at the rear end of the wheel frame, and the tension wheel and the sprocket are connected by a track chain. There are several supporting rollers, and several supporting rollers Installed side by side under the wheel frame between the tensioning wheel and the sprocket; the crawler chain friction plate is installed above the wheel frame between the tensioning wheel and the sprocket; the supporting part includes a support base, a support cylinder and a support Top beam; the support base is fixed on the wheel frame, the support top beam is located above the support base, and the support top beam and the support base are connected by a support oil cylinder.
所述支撑顶梁包括纵梁、横梁及横板；所述横梁采用弧形结构，所述横板采用直板结构；所述纵梁数量为两根，两根纵梁平行设置，纵梁与掘进方向相平行；所述横梁数量若干，若干横梁沿掘进方向平行均布，横梁固定跨装在两根纵梁之间，在每根横梁正下方均设有一根横板，横板固定跨装在两根纵梁之间，横板及横梁均与纵梁相垂直。The supporting top beam includes a longitudinal beam, a cross beam and a horizontal plate; the cross beam adopts an arc structure, and the horizontal plate adopts a straight plate structure; the number of the longitudinal beams is two, and the two longitudinal beams are arranged in parallel. The directions are parallel; the number of the beams is several, and the beams are distributed parallel and evenly along the direction of excavation. The beams are fixedly straddled between two longitudinal beams. Between the two longitudinal beams, the horizontal plate and the beam are perpendicular to the longitudinal beams.
所述支撑油缸的活塞杆端部铰接在纵梁下表面，支撑油缸的缸筒端部铰接在支撑底座上表面；所述支撑油缸数量若干，若干支撑油缸沿掘进方向分布，位于掘进方向最前端和最后端的两根支撑油缸倾斜设置，位于两根倾斜设置的支撑油缸中间的其余支撑油缸全部竖直设置。The end of the piston rod of the support cylinder is hinged on the lower surface of the longitudinal beam, and the end of the cylinder barrel of the support cylinder is hinged on the upper surface of the support base; there are several support cylinders distributed along the direction of excavation and located at the front end of the direction of excavation The two supporting oil cylinders at the rearmost end are arranged obliquely, and the remaining supporting oil cylinders positioned in the middle of the two inclinedly arranged supporting oil cylinders are all vertically arranged.
所述支撑底座与轮架之间采用插接方式相固连，在支撑底座上开设有竖直插接槽，在所述轮架上安装有插接板，在插接板上设置有竖直插接块，竖直插接块与竖直插接槽插接配合，处于插接状态的竖直插接块与竖直插接槽之间通过螺栓进行固定。The support base and the wheel frame are fixedly connected by plugging, a vertical insertion slot is provided on the support base, a plug board is installed on the wheel frame, and a vertical socket is arranged on the plug board. The plug-in block, the vertical plug-in block and the vertical plug-in groove are plugged and matched, and the vertical plug-in block and the vertical plug-in slot in the plug-in state are fixed by bolts.
在所述支撑油缸外侧设置有纵向防护板，纵向防护板固定吊装在纵梁下表面，纵向防护板采用网格状平板结构，在纵向防护板外表面挂装有防护网，防护网采用网状钢丝结构。A longitudinal protective plate is arranged on the outside of the support cylinder, and the longitudinal protective plate is fixed and hoisted on the lower surface of the longitudinal beam. The longitudinal protective plate adopts a grid-like flat structure, and a protective net is hung on the outer surface of the longitudinal protective plate. Steel wire construction.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
本发明的适用于掘进机的履带式主动行走支护机构，具有支护面积大、能够自行移动、行走过程中能够对掘进过程起到安全支护的特点。The crawler-type active walking support mechanism suitable for the roadheader of the present invention has the characteristics of large support area, self-moving, and safe support for the excavation process during the walking process.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的一种适用于掘进机的履带式主动行走支护机构的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a crawler-type active walking support mechanism suitable for roadheaders according to the present invention;
图2为本发明的一种适用于掘进机的履带式主动行走支护机(与掘进机配合使用时)构的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a crawler-type active walking support machine (when used in conjunction with a roadheader) structure suitable for a roadheader of the present invention;
图3为本发明的一种适用于掘进机的履带式主动行走支护机构(防护网未示出)的结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a crawler-type active walking support mechanism (protective net not shown) suitable for roadheaders of the present invention;
图4为本发明的行走部(履带链条未示出)的结构示意图；Fig. 4 is the structural representation of walking part (crawler chain not shown) of the present invention;
图5为本发明的行走部(与支撑底座配装时)的结构示意图；Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the walking part of the present invention (when fitted with a support base);
图6为本发明的支撑底座、支撑油缸与纵梁的装配示意图；Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the support base, the support cylinder and the longitudinal beam of the present invention;
图7为本发明的支撑顶梁的结构示意图；Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the supporting roof beam of the present invention;
图8为本发明的支撑底座的局部结构示意图；Fig. 8 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the support base of the present invention;
图中，1—液压马达，2—减速器，3—链轮，4—张紧轮，5—支重轮，6—履带链条，7—轮架，8—履带链条摩擦板，9—支撑底座，10—支撑油缸，11—支撑顶梁，12—纵梁，13—横梁，14—横板，15—竖直插接槽，16—插接板，17—竖直插接块，18—纵向防护板，19—防护网，20—掘进机。In the figure, 1—hydraulic motor, 2—reducer, 3—sprocket, 4—tensioner, 5—supporting wheel, 6—track chain, 7—wheel frame, 8—friction plate of track chain, 9—support Base, 10—support oil cylinder, 11—support top beam, 12—longitudinal beam, 13—beam, 14—horizontal plate, 15—vertical slot, 16—plug board, 17—vertical plug block, 18 —longitudinal protective plate, 19—protective net, 20—roadheader.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
如图1～8所示，一种适用于掘进机的履带式主动行走支护机构，包括行走部和支护部；所述行走部包括液压马达1、减速器2、链轮3、张紧轮4、支重轮5、履带链条6、轮架7及履带链条摩擦板8；所述液压马达1和减速器2均安装在轮架7的前端，液压马达1的动力输出端与减速器2的动力输入端相连，所述链轮3固定套装在减速器2的动力输出端；所述张紧轮4安装在轮架7的后端，张紧轮4与链轮3之间通过履带链条6相连，所述支重轮5数量若干，若干支重轮5并列安装在张紧轮4与链轮3之间的轮架7下方；所述履带链条摩擦板8安装在张紧轮4与链轮3之间的轮架7上方；所述支护部包括支撑底座9、支撑油缸10及支撑顶梁11；所述支撑底座9固装在轮架7上，所述支撑顶梁11位于支撑底座9上方，支撑顶梁11与支撑底座9之间通过支撑油缸10相连接。As shown in Figures 1 to 8, a crawler-type active walking support mechanism suitable for roadheaders includes a walking part and a supporting part; the walking part includes a hydraulic motor 1, a reducer 2, a sprocket 3, a tensioning Wheel 4, supporting wheel 5, track chain 6, wheel frame 7 and track chain friction plate 8; the hydraulic motor 1 and reducer 2 are installed on the front end of the wheel frame 7, the power output end of the hydraulic motor 1 and the reducer 2 connected to the power input end, the sprocket 3 is fixedly set on the power output end of the speed reducer 2; The chains 6 are connected, and the number of the supporting wheels 5 is several, and several supporting wheels 5 are installed side by side under the wheel frame 7 between the tensioning wheel 4 and the sprocket 3; the track chain friction plate 8 is installed on the tensioning wheel 4 Above the wheel frame 7 between the sprocket 3; the supporting part includes a supporting base 9, a supporting oil cylinder 10 and a supporting top beam 11; the supporting base 9 is fixed on the wheel frame 7, and the supporting top beam 11 Located above the support base 9 , the support top beam 11 and the support base 9 are connected through a support cylinder 10 .
所述支撑顶梁11包括纵梁12、横梁13及横板14；所述横梁13采用弧形结构，所述横板14采用直板结构；所述纵梁12数量为两根，两根纵梁12平行设置，纵梁12与掘进方向相平行；所述横梁13数量若干，若干横梁13沿掘进方向平行均布，横梁13固定跨装在两根纵梁12之间，在每根横梁13正下方均设有一根横板14，横板14固定跨装在两根纵梁12之间，横板14及横梁13均与纵梁12相垂直。The supporting top beam 11 includes a longitudinal beam 12, a cross beam 13 and a cross plate 14; the cross beam 13 adopts an arc structure, and the cross plate 14 adopts a straight plate structure; the number of the longitudinal beams 12 is two, and the two longitudinal beams 12 are arranged in parallel, and the longitudinal beam 12 is parallel to the direction of excavation; the number of said beams 13 is several, and several beams 13 are distributed parallel and evenly along the direction of excavation. A horizontal plate 14 is arranged below, and the horizontal plate 14 is fixedly straddled between two longitudinal beams 12, and the horizontal plate 14 and the transverse beam 13 are all perpendicular to the longitudinal beams 12.
所述支撑油缸10的活塞杆端部铰接在纵梁12下表面，支撑油缸10的缸筒端部铰接在支撑底座9上表面；所述支撑油缸10数量若干，若干支撑油缸10沿掘进方向分布，位于掘进方向最前端和最后端的两根支撑油缸10倾斜设置，位于两根倾斜设置的支撑油缸10中间的其余支撑油缸10全部竖直设置。The end of the piston rod of the support cylinder 10 is hinged on the lower surface of the longitudinal beam 12, and the cylinder end of the support cylinder 10 is hinged on the upper surface of the support base 9; the number of the support cylinders 10 is several, and several support cylinders 10 are distributed along the direction of excavation , the two support cylinders 10 located at the front end and the rear end of the excavation direction are arranged obliquely, and the rest of the support cylinders 10 located in the middle of the two inclined support cylinders 10 are all vertically arranged.
所述支撑底座9与轮架7之间采用插接方式相固连，在支撑底座9上开设有竖直插接槽15，在所述轮架7上安装有插接板16，在插接板16上设置有竖直插接块17，竖直插接块17与竖直插接槽15插接配合，处于插接状态的竖直插接块17与竖直插接槽15之间通过螺栓进行固定。The support base 9 and the wheel frame 7 are fixedly connected by plugging, and a vertical insertion slot 15 is provided on the support base 9, and a plug plate 16 is installed on the wheel frame 7. The board 16 is provided with a vertical plug-in block 17, and the vertical plug-in block 17 is mated with the vertical plug-in groove 15. The bolts are fixed.
在所述支撑油缸10外侧设置有纵向防护板18，纵向防护板18固定吊装在纵梁12下表面，纵向防护板18采用网格状平板结构，在纵向防护板18外表面挂装有防护网19，防护网19采用网状钢丝结构。A longitudinal protective plate 18 is arranged on the outer side of the support cylinder 10, and the longitudinal protective plate 18 is fixed and hoisted on the lower surface of the longitudinal beam 12. The longitudinal protective plate 18 adopts a grid-shaped flat structure, and a protective net is hung on the outer surface of the longitudinal protective plate 18. 19. The protective net 19 adopts a mesh steel wire structure.
当掘进机20与本发明配合使用时，本发明直接通过行走部的液压马达1提供行进动力，使本发明与掘进机20实现同步移动。一旦巷道顶板出现落石，可通过支撑顶梁11的横板14来保护掘进机20的机身和驾驶员。通过两侧的纵向防护板18，可以保护支撑油缸10不会受巷道两帮脱落的大块煤岩的损害，同时通过防护网19可以保护掘进机20的机身和驾驶员不受巷道两帮脱落的小块煤岩的伤害。为了提高支撑的刚度和强度，纵梁12的横截采用矩形。When the roadheader 20 is used in conjunction with the present invention, the present invention directly provides traveling power through the hydraulic motor 1 of the traveling part, so that the present invention and the roadheader 20 can move synchronously. Once rockfall occurs on the roadway roof, the body and driver of the roadheader 20 can be protected by the horizontal plate 14 supporting the top beam 11 . Through the longitudinal protective plates 18 on both sides, the support cylinder 10 can be protected from the damage of the large coal rocks falling off from the two sides of the roadway, and the fuselage and driver of the roadheader 20 can be protected from the two sides of the roadway by the protective net 19 Injury from small pieces of coal rock that have dislodged. In order to improve the rigidity and strength of the support, the cross section of the longitudinal beam 12 adopts a rectangle.
实施例中的方案并非用以限制本发明的专利保护范围，凡未脱离本发明所为的等效实施或变更，均包含于本案的专利范围中。The solutions in the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of patent protection of the present invention, and all equivalent implementations or changes that do not deviate from the present invention are included in the patent scope of this case.
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| CN203362198U (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2013-12-25 | 山西潞安环保能源开发股份有限公司 | Track walking type immediate support device of fully-mechanized drivage roadway |
| CN205578020U (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-09-14 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Formula of taking a step tunnelling supporting device suitable for hard rock tunnelling |
| CN210660159U (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-06-02 | 周口师范学院 | Crawler-type initiative walking supporting mechanism suitable for entry driving machine |
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2019
- 2019-10-16 CN CN201910981595.6A patent/CN110578544A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202279173U (en) * | 2011-10-09 | 2012-06-20 | 湖南坤宇重工集团天德机械有限公司 | Telescopic dedicated chassis structure adopting crawler-type walking |
| CN203362198U (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2013-12-25 | 山西潞安环保能源开发股份有限公司 | Track walking type immediate support device of fully-mechanized drivage roadway |
| CN205578020U (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-09-14 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Formula of taking a step tunnelling supporting device suitable for hard rock tunnelling |
| CN210660159U (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-06-02 | 周口师范学院 | Crawler-type initiative walking supporting mechanism suitable for entry driving machine |
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