CN110577432A - Formula of water-soluble silicon fertilizer taking Chinese herbal medicines as additives - Google Patents
Formula of water-soluble silicon fertilizer taking Chinese herbal medicines as additives Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
The invention discloses a formula of a water-soluble silicon fertilizer taking Chinese herbal medicines as additives, which adopts a base material, a Chinese herbal medicine mixture, water-soluble silicon, sulfur, urea, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, trace elements, dolomite, magnesite, monopotassium phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol and ethylicin.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop fertilizer preparation, in particular to a water-soluble silicon fertilizer formula taking Chinese herbal medicines as additives.
Background
At present, the use of a large amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides improves the yield of crops, but also improves the cost of the crops and increases the investment of farmers; the application of the fertilizer hardens the soil, influences the permeability of the soil, changes the physicochemical property of the soil, and the application of the pesticide also causes the pest and disease resistance, is easy to remain in the soil and agricultural products, causes environmental pollution, influences the agricultural products and endangers the health of human beings. According to the agricultural development planning of developing low-carbon, circular and organic agriculture and guaranteeing food safety in China, the research of green pesticide fertilizers for crops becomes a necessary trend with the aims of improving the quality of agricultural products and reducing the production cost.
For the prevention and treatment of diseases and pests such as root rot, root cancer, nematode disease and the like of crop root system tissues, pesticides such as organic chlorine, organic phosphorus and the like are still used for soil-breaking pesticide application at present, so that not only is root system damage easily caused, but also environmental pollution and high pesticide residue of fruits are easily caused. Patent No. 200910000714.1 discloses a Chinese herbal medicine multifunctional organic fertilizer, which is prepared from the following Chinese medicinal materials: radix sophorae flavescentis, radix astragali and the like, tripterygium wilfordii, radix aconiti agrestis, kerchier seeds, saponin and radix stemonae, and the organic fertilizer is obtained by combining the medicines with other organic matters, but the method can not fully exert the effective components in the traditional Chinese medicine, and the insecticidal and yield-increasing effects need to be improved.
The Chinese herbal medicine is simple in source, rich in glycosides, alkaloids and organic acids, can regulate soil structure, kill harmful germs and worm eggs, is rich in organic matters, and is absorbed after being converted into organic substances after being sterilized and killed, so that the organic fertilizer containing the Chinese herbal medicine is more and more important in the development of the current organic fertilizer. At present, most of Chinese herbal medicines cannot achieve good deinsectization effect only through simple drug effect superposition.
therefore, the invention provides nutrition for plants, has the functions of soil remediation, low carbon and safety, and has an insect killing effect, and the fertilizer with the functions of 'fertilizer and pesticide combination' has important significance.
disclosure of Invention
the invention provides a formula of a water-soluble silicon fertilizer taking Chinese herbal medicines as additives, which solves a series of problems in the prior art that effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicines in the prior fertilizer cannot fully play a role, the disinsection effect is poor, the yield increasing effect is not obvious, and the like.
the specific technical scheme is as follows:
a formula of a water-soluble silicon fertilizer taking Chinese herbal medicines as additives comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-45 parts of base material, 15-20 parts of Chinese herbal medicine mixture, 10-15 parts of water-soluble silicon, 7-12 parts of sulfur, 8-10 parts of urea, 7-9 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 5-8 parts of trace elements, 3-7 parts of dolomite, 3-7 parts of magnesite, 6-10 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 6-10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 7-9 parts of polyethylene glycol and 6-9 parts of ethylicin.
Preferably, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 37 parts of base material, 17 parts of Chinese herbal medicine mixture, 13 parts of water-soluble silicon, 9 parts of sulfur, 8 parts of urea, 7 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of trace elements, 5 parts of dolomite, 4 parts of magnesite, 9 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 7 parts of polyethylene glycol and 6 parts of ethylicin.
Preferably, the traditional Chinese medicine mixture is prepared from the following traditional Chinese medicines: melia azedarach, Chinese brake herb, rhizoma arisaematis, Omphalia, quisqualis, chenopodium ambrosioides, hairyvein agrimony, pomegranate rind, radix stemonae, pinellia ternate and Chinese tallow tree leaf.
Preferably, the trace elements are one or more of molybdenum, boron, manganese, zinc, copper and iron.
Preferably, the base material is clay with the fineness of 180-200 meshes.
preferably, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Cleaning and airing chinaberry, Chinese brake herb, arisaema tuber, Omphalia, quisqualis indica, chenopodium ambrosioides, hairyvein agrimony, pomegranate rind, radix stemonae, pinellia ternate and Chinese tallow tree leaves, then crushing the materials into coarse powder, adding ethanol into filtrate for carrying out three times of reflux, wherein the first time of reflux is 3 hours, the second time of reflux is 3.5 hours, and the third time of reflux is 2.5 hours, then filtering the mixture, recovering ethanol from the filtrate, concentrating the filtrate, and then drying the filtrate to obtain a powdery traditional Chinese medicine mixture;
(2) heating the raw material sulfur, adding the mixture of the traditional Chinese medicines obtained in the step (1) while heating and stirring, and continuing to heat for 4-6h after the mixture is completely added;
(3) crushing dolomite and magnesite, adding base material, water-soluble silicon, urea, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, trace elements, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol and ethylicin, mechanically stirring, adding the mixture of the sulfur obtained in the step (2) and the traditional Chinese medicines in the stirring process, stirring for 5-8 hours, and carrying out extrusion granulation.
Preferably, every 500m220 kg-35 kg of the medical fertilizer is applied.
has the advantages that:
The water-soluble silicon fertilizer with the Chinese herbal medicines as the additives, which is obtained by the preparation method, can provide rich nutrients for soil, increase organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and various trace elements in the soil, and convert insoluble nutrients in the soil so as to be beneficial to absorption and utilization of crops. Chinese herbal medicines, sulfur and water-soluble silicon are effectively combined through various means, all raw materials are synergistic, the advantages of the two are complementary, fertilizers and medicines are combined and interacted, the pesticide effect of the pesticide for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests is improved, organic matters are effectively supplemented, the requirement of crops on nutrients is better met, the aims of supplementing nutrient substances required by plants, enhancing the disease resistance of the plants, increasing the yield and improving the quality are achieved, the organic matters and fungal bioprotein are safe and environment-friendly, no harmful substances are left in soil, the pesticide composition has extremely high safety on people, livestock and the environment, no adverse effect is generated after long-term application, pathogenic bacteria can be fundamentally solved, and the diseases and the insects do not generate pesticide resistance.
Detailed Description
Example (b):
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples.
Example 1:
a formula of a water-soluble silicon fertilizer taking Chinese herbal medicines as additives comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of clay, 15 parts of a Chinese herbal medicine mixture, 10 parts of water-soluble silicon, 7 parts of sulfur, 8 parts of urea, 7 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate and trace elements: 5 parts of boron, manganese and zinc, 3 parts of dolomite, 3 parts of magnesite, 6 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 7 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 8 parts of polyethylene glycol and 8 parts of ethylicin.
Wherein the traditional Chinese medicine mixture comprises: melia azedarach, Chinese brake herb, rhizoma arisaematis, Omphalia, quisqualis, chenopodium ambrosioides, hairyvein agrimony, pomegranate rind, radix stemonae, pinellia ternate and Chinese tallow tree leaf.
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Cleaning and airing chinaberry, Chinese brake herb, arisaema tuber, Omphalia, quisqualis indica, chenopodium ambrosioides, hairyvein agrimony, pomegranate rind, radix stemonae, pinellia ternate and Chinese tallow tree leaves, then crushing the materials into coarse powder, adding ethanol into filtrate for carrying out three times of reflux, wherein the first time of reflux is 3 hours, the second time of reflux is 3.5 hours, and the third time of reflux is 2.5 hours, then filtering the mixture, recovering ethanol from the filtrate, concentrating the filtrate, and then drying the filtrate to obtain a powdery traditional Chinese medicine mixture;
(2) Heating the raw material sulfur, adding the mixture of the traditional Chinese medicines obtained in the step (1) while heating and stirring, and continuing to heat for 4 hours after the mixture is completely added;
(4) crushing dolomite and magnesite, adding 180-mesh base material, water-soluble silicon, urea, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, trace elements, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol and ethylicin, mechanically stirring, adding the mixture of the sulfur obtained in the step (2) and the traditional Chinese medicines in the stirring process, stirring for 5 hours, and extruding and granulating.
Example 2:
A formula of a water-soluble silicon fertilizer taking Chinese herbal medicines as additives comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 37 parts of clay, 17 parts of a Chinese herbal medicine mixture, 13 parts of water-soluble silicon, 9 parts of sulfur, 8 parts of urea, 7 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate and trace elements: 6 parts of molybdenum, boron, manganese, zinc, copper and iron, 5 parts of dolomite, 4 parts of magnesite, 9 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 7 parts of polyethylene glycol and 6 parts of ethylicin.
wherein the traditional Chinese medicine mixture comprises: melia azedarach, Chinese brake herb, rhizoma arisaematis, Omphalia, quisqualis, chenopodium ambrosioides, hairyvein agrimony, pomegranate rind, radix stemonae, pinellia ternate and Chinese tallow tree leaf.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Cleaning and airing chinaberry, Chinese brake herb, arisaema tuber, Omphalia, quisqualis indica, chenopodium ambrosioides, hairyvein agrimony, pomegranate rind, radix stemonae, pinellia ternate and Chinese tallow tree leaves, then crushing the materials into coarse powder, adding ethanol into filtrate for carrying out three times of reflux, wherein the first time of reflux is 3 hours, the second time of reflux is 3.5 hours, and the third time of reflux is 2.5 hours, then filtering the mixture, recovering ethanol from the filtrate, concentrating the filtrate, and then drying the filtrate to obtain a powdery traditional Chinese medicine mixture;
(2) Heating the raw material sulfur, adding the mixture of the traditional Chinese medicines obtained in the step (1) while heating and stirring, and continuing to heat for 5 hours after the mixture is completely added;
(4) Crushing dolomite and magnesite, adding 200-mesh base material, water-soluble silicon, urea, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, trace elements, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol and ethylicin, mechanically stirring, adding the mixture of the sulfur obtained in the step (2) and the traditional Chinese medicines in the stirring process, stirring for 7 hours, and extruding and granulating.
Example 3:
A formula of a water-soluble silicon fertilizer taking Chinese herbal medicines as additives comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of clay, 20 parts of a Chinese herbal medicine mixture, 13 parts of water-soluble silicon, 9 parts of sulfur, 9 parts of urea, 8 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate and trace elements: 7 parts of molybdenum, boron, manganese, zinc and copper, 5 parts of dolomite, 4 parts of magnesite, 8 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 8 parts of polyethylene glycol and 9 parts of ethylicin.
Wherein the traditional Chinese medicine mixture comprises: melia azedarach, Chinese brake herb, rhizoma arisaematis, Omphalia, quisqualis, chenopodium ambrosioides, hairyvein agrimony, pomegranate rind, radix stemonae, pinellia ternate and Chinese tallow tree leaf.
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Cleaning and airing chinaberry, Chinese brake herb, arisaema tuber, Omphalia, quisqualis indica, chenopodium ambrosioides, hairyvein agrimony, pomegranate rind, radix stemonae, pinellia ternate and Chinese tallow tree leaves, then crushing the materials into coarse powder, adding ethanol into filtrate for carrying out three times of reflux, wherein the first time of reflux is 3 hours, the second time of reflux is 3.5 hours, and the third time of reflux is 2.5 hours, then filtering the mixture, recovering ethanol from the filtrate, concentrating the filtrate, and then drying the filtrate to obtain a powdery traditional Chinese medicine mixture;
(2) heating the raw material sulfur, adding the mixture of the traditional Chinese medicines obtained in the step (1) while heating and stirring, and continuing to heat for 6 hours after the mixture is completely added;
(4) Crushing dolomite and magnesite, adding 190-mesh base material, water-soluble silicon, urea, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, trace elements, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol and ethylicin, mechanically stirring, adding the mixture of the sulfur and the traditional Chinese medicines obtained in the step (2) in the stirring process, stirring for 8 hours, and extruding and granulating.
Example 4:
a formula of a water-soluble silicon fertilizer taking Chinese herbal medicines as additives comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 33 parts of clay, 16 parts of a Chinese herbal medicine mixture, 11 parts of water-soluble silicon, 8 parts of sulfur, 9 parts of urea, 8 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate and trace elements: 8 parts of zinc and copper, 7 parts of dolomite, 7 parts of magnesite, 10 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 9 parts of polyethylene glycol and 8 parts of ethylicin.
wherein the traditional Chinese medicine mixture comprises: melia azedarach, Chinese brake herb, rhizoma arisaematis, Omphalia, quisqualis, chenopodium ambrosioides, hairyvein agrimony, pomegranate rind, radix stemonae, pinellia ternate and Chinese tallow tree leaf.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Cleaning and airing chinaberry, Chinese brake herb, arisaema tuber, Omphalia, quisqualis indica, chenopodium ambrosioides, hairyvein agrimony, pomegranate rind, radix stemonae, pinellia ternate and Chinese tallow tree leaves, then crushing the materials into coarse powder, adding ethanol into filtrate for carrying out three times of reflux, wherein the first time of reflux is 3 hours, the second time of reflux is 3.5 hours, and the third time of reflux is 2.5 hours, then filtering the mixture, recovering ethanol from the filtrate, concentrating the filtrate, and then drying the filtrate to obtain a powdery traditional Chinese medicine mixture;
(2) Heating the raw material sulfur, adding the mixture of the traditional Chinese medicines obtained in the step (1) while heating and stirring, and continuing to heat for 4 hours after the mixture is completely added;
(4) crushing dolomite and magnesite, adding 200-mesh base material, water-soluble silicon, urea, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, trace elements, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol and ethylicin, mechanically stirring, adding the mixture of the sulfur obtained in the step (2) and the traditional Chinese medicines in the stirring process, stirring for 7 hours, and extruding and granulating.
Example 5: experiment of insecticidal and yield increasing effects
comparative experiment 1: the raw materials and the weight parts adopted in the experiment are the same as those in the example 2, except that in the step (1) of the preparation process, the chinaberry tree, the phoenix-tail fern, the arisaema tuber, the omphalia, the quisqualis fruit, the chenopodium ambrosioides, the hairyvein agrimonia herb and bud, the pomegranate bark, the stemona root, the pinellia tuber and the Chinese tallow tree leaf are directly cleaned, dried and then crushed, and the subsequent steps are the same as those in the example 2.
Comparative experiment 2: the raw materials used in this experiment do not contain sulfur, the other raw materials and the parts by weight thereof are the same as those in example 2, correspondingly, the steps related to sulfur in the preparation process are also removed correspondingly, and the other steps are the same as those in example 2.
Comparative experiment 3: the raw materials and the parts by weight thereof used in this experiment are the same as those in example 2, except that the step (2) in the preparation process is as follows: directly grinding sulfur into powder, and mixing with the traditional Chinese medicine mixture obtained in the step (1); the subsequent steps were the same as in example 2.
8 plots were selected, numbered A-H, and A-D were applied with the fertilizers produced in examples 1-4, E-G with the same amount of fertilizer applied as in comparative experiments 1-3, and H was a control without fertilizer. Each experimental field area is 3m multiplied by 4m which is 12m2the method adopts large-ridge double-row planting, the ridge distance is 80cm, the planting distance is 18cm, 2 seeds are planted in each hole, and the variety is Malus spectabilis No. 1.
Sampling five points on a test field according to diagonal lines before sowing, detecting the initial population density of the peanut nematode disease, randomly taking 10 plants from each test field in the early harvest period of the peanut to investigate the nematode disease condition, grading the disease condition, calculating the prevention and treatment effect and the yield increase effect, and the results are shown in table 1.
disease grading standard and calculation method:
The disease condition is classified into 0-7 grades according to the quantity of gall of the root system, wherein the 0 grade root system has no gall, the 1 grade root system has a small quantity of gall, the 3 grade 2/3 root system is full of gall, the 5 grade root system is full of gall and has secondary gall, the 7 grade root system forms beard root clusters, and other grades are arranged between the upper and lower grades.
Disease index (%) (Σdisease number × number of diseased plants at this stage)/(total number of investigated plants × number of highest disease number) × 100%
The preventing and treating effect (%) is (contrast disease index-treatment disease index)/contrast disease index multiplied by 100 percent
Yield increase effect (%) - (treatment zone yield-control zone yield)/control zone yield × 100%
Table 1: control effect and yield increase effect
The results show that: the water-soluble silicon fertilizer prepared by the invention and taking the Chinese herbal medicines as additives has good yield-increasing effect and disease and insect prevention effect, and the yield-increasing effect is more obvious and is increased by over 56.3 percent from the aspect of yield, wherein the yield-increasing effect of the embodiment 2 reaches 60.2 percent; from the condition of preventing and treating the nematodes, the prevention and treatment effect of applying the pesticide fertilizer is up to over 58.8 percent; meanwhile, by combining the data of the comparative experiment 1 and the data of the example 2, the prevention and treatment effect and the yield increase effect of the directly used traditional Chinese medicine are lower than those of the traditional Chinese medicine mixture after treatment; according to the data of the comparative experiment 2 and the example 2, the control effect and the yield increasing effect of the water-soluble silicon fertilizer are reduced due to no addition of sulfur, and according to the data of the comparative experiment 3 and the example 2, the comparative experiment 3 is that sulfur is directly ground into powder and is mixed with the traditional Chinese medicine mixture obtained in the step (1), the control effect and the yield increasing effect are poor, and through the comparative experiment, the synergistic effect of the mutual cooperation of various raw materials can be seen, and only the water-soluble silicon fertilizer prepared through the steps of the invention has good control and yield increasing effects.
it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, but is intended to cover various insubstantial modifications of the inventive process concepts and solutions, or its application to other applications without modification.
Claims (7)
1. A formula of a water-soluble silicon fertilizer taking Chinese herbal medicines as additives is characterized in that: comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-45 parts of base material, 15-20 parts of Chinese herbal medicine mixture, 10-15 parts of water-soluble silicon, 7-12 parts of sulfur, 8-10 parts of urea, 7-9 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 5-8 parts of trace elements, 3-7 parts of dolomite, 3-7 parts of magnesite, 6-10 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 6-10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 7-9 parts of polyethylene glycol and 6-9 parts of ethylicin.
2. The water-soluble silicon fertilizer formula taking Chinese herbal medicines as additives as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 37 parts of base material, 17 parts of Chinese herbal medicine mixture, 13 parts of water-soluble silicon, 9 parts of sulfur, 8 parts of urea, 7 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of trace elements, 5 parts of dolomite, 4 parts of magnesite, 9 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 7 parts of polyethylene glycol and 6 parts of ethylicin.
3. The formula of the water-soluble silicon fertilizer taking the Chinese herbal medicines as the additives as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the formula comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the traditional Chinese medicine mixture is prepared from the following traditional Chinese medicines: melia azedarach, Chinese brake herb, rhizoma arisaematis, Omphalia, quisqualis, chenopodium ambrosioides, hairyvein agrimony, pomegranate rind, radix stemonae, pinellia ternate and Chinese tallow tree leaf.
4. The water-soluble silicon fertilizer formula taking Chinese herbal medicines as additives as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: the trace elements are one or more of molybdenum, boron, manganese, zinc, copper and iron.
5. The formula of the water-soluble silicon fertilizer taking the Chinese herbal medicines as the additives as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the formula comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the base material is clay with the fineness of 180-200 meshes.
6. the water-soluble silicon fertilizer formula taking Chinese herbal medicines as additives as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Cleaning and airing chinaberry, Chinese brake herb, arisaema tuber, Omphalia, quisqualis indica, chenopodium ambrosioides, hairyvein agrimony, pomegranate rind, radix stemonae, pinellia ternate and Chinese tallow tree leaves, then crushing the materials into coarse powder, adding ethanol into filtrate for carrying out three times of reflux, wherein the first time of reflux is 3 hours, the second time of reflux is 3.5 hours, and the third time of reflux is 2.5 hours, then filtering the mixture, recovering ethanol from the filtrate, concentrating the filtrate, and then drying the filtrate to obtain a powdery traditional Chinese medicine mixture;
(2) heating the raw material sulfur, adding the mixture of the traditional Chinese medicines obtained in the step (1) while heating and stirring, and continuing to heat for 4-6h after the mixture is completely added;
(3) crushing dolomite and magnesite, adding base material, water-soluble silicon, urea, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, trace elements, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol and ethylicin, mechanically stirring, adding the mixture of the sulfur obtained in the step (2) and the traditional Chinese medicines in the stirring process, stirring for 5-8 hours, and carrying out extrusion granulation.
7. The water-soluble silicon fertilizer formula taking Chinese herbal medicines as additives as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: every 500m220 kg-35 kg of the medical fertilizer is applied.
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Application publication date: 20191217 |