CN110576643A - 一种微穿孔板双层层级蜂窝夹芯吸声承载复合结构 - Google Patents

一种微穿孔板双层层级蜂窝夹芯吸声承载复合结构 Download PDF

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CN110576643A
CN110576643A CN201910696266.7A CN201910696266A CN110576643A CN 110576643 A CN110576643 A CN 110576643A CN 201910696266 A CN201910696266 A CN 201910696266A CN 110576643 A CN110576643 A CN 110576643A
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panel
sound absorption
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卢天健
辛锋先
何伟
提飞
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种应用于高速列车和飞机机体降噪的微穿孔板双层层级蜂窝夹芯吸声承载复合结构，包括上面板、上层层级蜂窝、中间面板、下层层级蜂窝和下面板。上层层级蜂窝放置在上面板和中间面板之间，下层层级蜂窝放置在中间面板和下面板之间。在上面板和中间面板上开设有微穿孔，开孔方向均垂直于面板。各部件经焊接或者粘接等连接在一起，形成整体结构。使用时，上面板朝向噪声源，下面板背向噪声源。本发明结构简单实用，设计性好，制造方便，具有较好的中低频段吸声性能以及优异的力学承载能力，同时兼具重量轻的特点，具有实际工程应用价值。

Description

一种微穿孔板双层层级蜂窝夹芯吸声承载复合结构
技术领域
本发明属于高速列车和飞机机体降噪结构设计领域，既能吸收噪音，又能承受载荷，具体涉及一种微穿孔板双层层级蜂窝夹芯吸声承载复合结构。
背景技术
传统的微穿孔吸声板是在一块薄板上面钻直径为1mm以下的小孔制成，在音乐厅、博物馆、会议室等室内环境中仅仅用作吸声装饰品，刚度和强度有限，不能够作为一个承载部件。且单层微穿孔板只有一个吸声峰值，不能在较宽的频带范围内作为一个通用的吸声结构。对于高速列车和飞机降噪来说，微穿孔板无论从吸声效果还是承载能力方面都不能满足要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决现有微穿孔板吸声性能和承载能力不足的问题，提供一种结构简单，加工方便，在吸声的同时能够承载一种微穿孔板双层层级蜂窝夹芯吸声承载复合结构。
本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种微穿孔板双层层级蜂窝夹芯吸声承载复合结构，包括上面板、上层层级蜂窝、中间面板、下层层级蜂窝和下面板。上层层级蜂窝放置在上面板和中间面板之间，下层层级蜂窝放置在中间面板和下面板之间。在上面板和中间面板上开设有微穿孔，开孔方向均垂直于面板。焊接或者粘接各部件，形成整体结构。
进一步，上面板和中间面板开设的吸音孔直径为0.1mm-1mm，开孔方向垂直于面板。
进一步，所述层级蜂窝为四方层级蜂窝或六方层级蜂窝。
进一步，上层层级蜂窝和下层层级蜂窝高度相等或不等。
进一步，上面板、上层层级蜂窝、中间面板、下层层级蜂窝和下面板可以由木制板材、金属、塑料、多孔纤维或多孔泡沫制成。
进一步，上层层级蜂窝和下层层级蜂窝内填充或不填充多孔吸声材料。
进一步，使用时，上面板朝向噪声源，下面板背向噪声源。
本发明的与现有技术相比具有以下优点：
面板上不均匀穿孔与板后不同体积的空腔形成一系列Helmholtz共鸣器组合，结构吸声曲线出现多个峰值，在较宽频率范围结构吸声性能得到提升。而且层级蜂窝截面形状可以是四方层级蜂窝也可以是六方层级蜂窝，第一级蜂窝和第二级蜂窝尺寸可调，具有良好的面内面外力学性能，可有效支撑微穿孔板承受外部载荷。微穿孔板双层层级蜂窝夹芯结构既具有较宽频带下良好的吸声效果，又具有优异的承载能力，同时质量轻，可以作为高速列车车体和飞机机体吸声与承载一体化结构。一个结构在吸声和承载两个方面发挥作用，降低了材料消耗，减轻了高速列车和机体质量，节省高速列车和机体内部的空间，具有实际工程应用价值。
附图说明
图1为本发明一个实施例的三维结构示意图；
其中：1、上面板；2、上层层级蜂窝；3、中间面板；4、下层层级蜂窝；5、下面板。
图2为图1中A部分放大示意图；
其中：6、第一级蜂窝；7、第二级蜂窝。
图3为微穿孔板双层层级蜂窝夹芯复合结构及其对比结构微穿孔板双层常规蜂窝夹芯复合结构吸声系数。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
本发明微穿孔板双层层级蜂窝夹芯吸声承载复合结构，如图1所示，包括上面板1、上层层级蜂窝2、中间面板3、下层层级蜂窝4和下面板5；上层层级蜂窝结构2放置在上面板1与中间面板3之间，下层层级蜂窝4放置在中间面板3和下面板5之间。各部件经焊接或者粘接，形成整体结构。上面板1和中间面板3垂直于面板方向上开设有吸音孔，与上层层级蜂窝2和下层层级蜂窝4内的空腔组成共鸣器吸收噪音。
所述吸声承载复合结构中上层层级蜂窝结构2和下层层级蜂窝结构4可以是四方层级蜂窝也可以是六方层级蜂窝。层级蜂窝是指将常规蜂窝的每一个节点用一个更小尺寸的相似蜂窝代替，六方层级蜂窝如图2所示。
所述吸声承载复合结构采用木制板材、金属、塑料、多孔纤维或多孔泡沫制成。上层层级蜂窝2和下层层级蜂窝4内部填充或者不填充多孔吸声材料。
所述吸声承载复合结构上面板朝向噪声源，下面板背离噪声源。这样设计的目的是让更多的噪音进入结构内部，将噪音能量部分转化为热能而耗散，减少在面板处反射的噪音能量。
实施例中结构总高度为25mm，其中上面板厚度和下面板厚度均为0.4mm，中间面板厚度为2mm，上层层级蜂窝高度为13.2mm，下层层级蜂窝高度为9.0mm；上下两层层级蜂窝中第一级蜂窝边长为6.0mm，第二级蜂窝边长为2.4mm，层级蜂窝壁厚均为0.2mm；第一级蜂窝中心位置对应的上面板和中间面板上面开设有直径为0.7mm的微孔，第二级蜂窝中心位置对应的上面板和中间面板上面间隔开设有直径为0.5mm的微孔和直径为0.4mm的微孔。
在本实施例中整个结构的材质均为奥氏体不锈钢，密度约为7950kg/m3。
在本实施例中，如图3所示，在入射声波频率3000Hz以内，微穿孔板双层层级蜂窝夹芯复合结构吸声曲线出现5个峰值，在入射声波频率为670Hz时吸声系数为0.970，在入射声波频率为1440Hz时吸声系数为0.967。从564Hz一直到2385Hz，结构的吸声系数均超过0.5。对比结构微穿孔板双层常规蜂窝夹芯复合结构，在对应结构参数相等的情况下，只有2个吸声峰值，吸声系数超过0.5的频率范围不连续。在50Hz到3000Hz内，新结构的平均吸声系数为0.4737，对比结构仅为0.2443，新结构平均吸声系数是对比结构平均吸声系数的1.94倍。
综上所述，本发明通过将双层层级蜂窝结构置于微穿孔板后的空气背腔中，微穿孔板的吸声性能和承载能力都得到显著提升。
以上对本发明的一个实施例进行了说明，但本发明的保护内容不仅限于此实施例。凡是在本发明技术方案上做的任何变动与改进，均落入本发明专利要求书的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种微穿孔板双层层级蜂窝夹芯吸声承载复合结构，其特征在于：包括上面板（1）、上层层级蜂窝（2）、中间面板（3）、下层层级蜂窝（4）和下面板（5）；上层层级蜂窝结构（2）放置在上面板（1）与中间面板（3）之间，下层层级蜂窝（4）放置在中间面板（3）和下面板（5）之间，各部件经焊接或者粘接等形成整体结构，上面板（1）和中间面板（3）开设有吸音孔，与上层层级蜂窝（2）和下层层级蜂窝（4）内的空腔组成共鸣器吸收噪音。
2.根据权利要求1所述的微穿孔板双层层级蜂窝夹芯吸声承载复合结构，其特征在于：上面板（1）和中间面板（3）开设的吸音孔直径为0.1mm-1mm，开孔方向垂直于面板。
3.根据权利要求1所述的微穿孔板双层层级蜂窝夹芯吸声承载复合结构，其特征在于：所述上层层级蜂窝（2）和下层层级蜂窝（4）为四方层级蜂窝或六方层级蜂窝。
4.根据权利要求1所述的微穿孔板双层层级蜂窝夹芯吸声承载复合结构，其特征在于：上层层级蜂窝（2）和下层层级蜂窝（4）高度相等。
5.根据权利要求1所述的微穿孔板双层层级蜂窝夹芯吸声承载复合结构，其特征在于：上面板（1）、上层层级蜂窝（2）、中间面板（3）、下层层级蜂窝（4）和下面板（5）由木制板材、金属、塑料、多孔纤维或多孔泡沫制成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的微穿孔板双层层级蜂窝夹芯吸声承载复合结构，其特征在于：上层层级蜂窝（2）和下层层级蜂窝（4）内填充多孔吸声材料。
7.根据权利要求1所述的微穿孔板双层层级蜂窝夹芯吸声承载复合结构，其特征在于：上面板（1）朝向噪声源，下面板（5）背向噪声源。
CN201910696266.7A 2019-07-30 2019-07-30 一种微穿孔板双层层级蜂窝夹芯吸声承载复合结构 Pending CN110576643A (zh)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN111232182A (zh) * 2020-03-06 2020-06-05 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 内饰板及其应用
CN111453000A (zh) * 2020-04-03 2020-07-28 北京中科宇航技术有限公司 一种承载降噪一体化火箭整流罩及其设计方法
CN112687254A (zh) * 2020-12-18 2021-04-20 哈尔滨工程大学 一种提高隔吸声性能的微穿孔波纹-蜂窝超材料板结构
CN113799819A (zh) * 2021-09-14 2021-12-17 滁州市永通交通设备有限公司 一种高铁pc源头用铝蜂窝板及安装方法
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CN111232182A (zh) * 2020-03-06 2020-06-05 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 内饰板及其应用
CN111453000A (zh) * 2020-04-03 2020-07-28 北京中科宇航技术有限公司 一种承载降噪一体化火箭整流罩及其设计方法
CN111453000B (zh) * 2020-04-03 2021-10-08 中国科学院力学研究所 一种承载降噪一体化火箭整流罩及其设计方法
WO2022016684A1 (zh) * 2020-07-24 2022-01-27 株洲国创轨道科技有限公司 一种吸声面板
CN114074753A (zh) * 2020-08-19 2022-02-22 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 蜂窝件及其制造方法、蜂窝装置、声衬和航空发动机
CN112687254A (zh) * 2020-12-18 2021-04-20 哈尔滨工程大学 一种提高隔吸声性能的微穿孔波纹-蜂窝超材料板结构
CN112687254B (zh) * 2020-12-18 2023-02-03 哈尔滨工程大学 一种提高隔吸声性能的微穿孔波纹-蜂窝超材料板结构
CN113799819A (zh) * 2021-09-14 2021-12-17 滁州市永通交通设备有限公司 一种高铁pc源头用铝蜂窝板及安装方法

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