CN110573319A - 用于制造再生型塑料复合材料的方法 - Google Patents

用于制造再生型塑料复合材料的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110573319A
CN110573319A CN201880022403.2A CN201880022403A CN110573319A CN 110573319 A CN110573319 A CN 110573319A CN 201880022403 A CN201880022403 A CN 201880022403A CN 110573319 A CN110573319 A CN 110573319A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
thermoplastic
fibers
plastic
composite
melting temperature
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CN201880022403.2A
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English (en)
Inventor
K·福哈特
R·加勒
J·德瑞科斯维斯彻
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Icoo Innovation
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Icoo Innovation
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Publication of CN110573319A publication Critical patent/CN110573319A/zh
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    • B29B15/08—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00 of reinforcements or fillers
    • B29B15/10—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step
    • B29B15/12—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step of reinforcements of indefinite length
    • B29B15/122—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step of reinforcements of indefinite length with a matrix in liquid form, e.g. as melt, solution or latex
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于使用再生型热塑性材料制造塑料复合材料的方法。所述方法包括以下步骤：i)提供待再生的热塑性材料的薄片；ii)将所述热塑性薄片混合，从而形成具有第一熔融温度的热塑性基体；iii)由具有高于所述第一熔融温度的第二熔融温度的纤维形成或提供具有预定厚度的网状结构；iv)将所述热塑性薄片的热塑性基体均匀地分布在所述网状结构上；v)任选地形成或提供第二网状结构并且将其置于所述热塑性基体上；vi)任选地重复步骤iv和v；并且vii)使用热成型工艺在所述第一温度与所述第二温度之间的温度下加热所述网。

Description

用于制造再生型塑料复合材料的方法
技术领域
本发明总体涉及用于制造塑料复合材料的方法。更具体地，本发明涉及用于使用非织造再生型热塑性材料制造塑料复合材料的方法。
发明背景
塑料已经成为整个工业中使用最广泛的材料，用以形成各种家用和商业用途的产品。因此，多年来，塑料的生产已出现显著的增加，并且这显著导致了固体废料负担的增加。塑料的特性使它们成为突然大量出现的事物中的特别麻烦的部分，因为它们不会很快腐烂。
为了减少与获得原材料相关的成本、用于制造一次性产品的天然资源的浪费、并且最大程度地减少对环境的潜在负面影响，一直在努力开发用于再生原本将被燃烧掉或置入垃圾填埋场中的使用过的热塑性材料的方法。
在再生型热塑性材料的一种这样的应用中，已经开发了多种热塑性复合片材/板材。通常通过非织造方法制备的此类热塑性复合材料包括在再生型热塑性材料内增强的纤维材料。这些热塑性复合材料提供了许多优势，例如，它们可以模塑并成型为各种合适的结构性和非结构性产品，其中包括如停车板、广告板、汽车覆盖件、负荷承载件(板条箱、盒子、货盘等)等等。
然而，使用再生型材料制备热塑性复合材料具有其自身的缺点。例如，对各种轻质热塑性产品，例如一次性手套、围裙、空气过滤器、防护罩、塑料盖子、聚乙烯等的再生通常不是优选的，因为它们的使用常常导致产品的物理特性通常不如由强热塑性材料制成的产品可接受。因此，这些类型的产品仍然是“废料”，且因此持续地被送到垃圾填埋场或进行焚烧，并且因此对环境具有有害影响。
在最近的一些努力中，通过使用以下方法解决了轻质热塑性材料的这种短处：在这种方法中，首先将如聚丙烯(PP)或聚乙烯袋、膜、碎屑等的轻质塑料材料在离心工艺中洗涤、切碎、并且然后熔融且再加工成粗粒料形式。虽然该方法通常可有效地为输出产品提供所希望的特性-但它需要单独的熔化过程以形成粒料，这不可避免地增加了该过程的成本，并因此增加了最终再生型产品的成本。
因此，在本领域中需要一种用于形成由再生型材料制备的热塑性复合材料的时间有效且成本有效的方法，所述热塑性复合材料具有至少与用纯净原材料制成的产品相当的冲击强度、脆性、膨胀、耐热性、热阻滞性、尺寸稳定性、耐磨性的特性。
此外，鉴于包装材料、特别是多层袋(例如脆皮袋(crisp bag)、混合袋和箔)的复杂性不断增加、且因此增加了再生这些材料的难度，本发明的目的是提供能够对其进行高效再生的方法。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题而进行了本发明，并且本发明披露了一种用于使用非织造再生型热塑性材料制造塑料复合材料的方法。所述方法包括以下步骤：
i)提供待再生的热塑性材料的薄片；
ii)将所述热塑性薄片混合，从而形成具有第一熔融温度的热塑性基体；
iii)由具有高于所述第一熔融的第二熔融温度的纤维提供或形成具有预定厚度的网状结构；
iv)将所述热塑性薄片的热塑性基体均匀地分布在所述网状结构上；
v)任选地提供或形成第二网状结构并且将其置于所述热塑性基体上；
vi)任选地重复步骤iv和v；并且
vii)使用热成型工艺加热包括所述热塑性基体的所述一个或多个网状结构。
该方法的具体优点在于，它提供了能够再生越来越复杂的包装材料、特别是多层袋(例如脆皮袋)以及混合袋和箔的非常高效的方法。
一般来讲，热塑性薄片的尺寸范围在3mm与25mm之间。
在一个优选的实施例中，在通过热固结所述结构之前，可以将步骤iv)和v)重复多达7次、10次或20次。
通过热成型来固结网状结构可以在第一温度与第二温度之间的温度下进行，由此使得热塑性基体至少部分地、且优选基本上完全熔融，并且使得具有第二熔融温度的纤维不熔融。在一些实施例中，热成型加工温度可以在190℃与250℃之间、或在190℃与230℃之间、或在190℃与210℃之间、或约200℃。所得的塑料复合材料是刚性复合材料面板、板材、或厚板。
可替代地，可以在两步热成型工艺中进行固结。在第一步中，在低于第一熔融温度(例如在90℃与120℃之间)但高于热塑性基体的软化温度的温度下进行热成型，由此使得热塑性基体吸收足够的热能以软化并充分粘着以将纤维与热塑性基体部分地粘合，从而产生柔性中间产品，例如柔性垫。这种柔性垫易于折叠和运输，并且是有价值的中间产品，所述中间产品可以被分配用于第二步骤中的后续热成型。在第二步骤中，在第一温度与第二温度之间的温度下进行热成型以进一步固结并形成最终的塑料复合材料。任选地，可以将多个柔性垫置于一起来暴露于第二热成型步骤，从而产生具有更高厚度的刚性复合面板、板材、厚板。
可能的是，所述方法进一步包括形成多个再生型塑料复合材料，并且将它们一个接一个地连接在一起以形成多层再生型塑料复合材料。
进一步可能的是，可以使用如但不限于热压、真空成型、胶合、焊接等的方法将多个塑料复合材料连接在一起。
薄片的热塑性基体通常包括轻质热塑性塑料(通常具有比水低的重量密度或堆积密度)，如塑料箔、塑料袋、塑料手套、箔等。优选地，其熔融温度(在本文中进一步称为第一熔融温度)低于200℃、或低于190℃。
具有高于第一熔融温度的第二熔融温度的纤维可以是天然纤维、优选散开的天然纤维，和/或热塑性纤维和/或玻璃纤维和/或金属纤维。
天然纤维可以是但不限于天然粗纤维，如黄麻、大麻、椰子、亚麻、剑麻等之一。
可能的是，具有第二熔融温度的热塑性纤维可以是但不限于聚酯、ABS(乙酰丁基苯乙烯)、PS(聚苯乙烯)、尼龙、PA(聚酰胺)等之一。
第二熔融温度可以比第一熔融温度高至少10℃、或高至少20℃、或高至少30℃、或高至少50℃。在一些实施例中，第二熔融温度可以是至少210℃、或至少220℃、或至少240℃、或至少260℃。
在本发明的方法中，具有第二熔融温度的纤维和热塑性基体可以以按重量计小于50:50、或按重量计小于30:70、或按重量计小于20:80的比率、并且优选以按重量计10:90的比率存在。
任选地，将来自具有比水高的密度和/或堆积密度的塑料材料(例如ABS、PS、PVC)的再磨料另外均匀地分布在一个或多个网状结构上或者可以是待分布的热塑性基体的一部分。这可以产生具有较低脆性的塑料复合材料。这种类型的再磨料可占塑料复合材料中包括薄片的再磨料的总量的5重量％至20重量％、或10重量％至20重量％。
进一步任选地，玻璃纤维或天然纤维可以另外均匀地分布在一个或多个网状结构上。这可能导致较高的刚度和/或较低的热膨胀。
进一步任选地，所述方法包括用饰面材料处理塑料复合材料，所述饰面材料如但不限于抗微生物涂层、蜡、油漆、清漆等。
热成型工艺可以是但不限于以下工艺之一：如热粘合、蒸汽加热、微波加热、热压、压力模塑、真空模塑等。热成型加工温度应介于第一熔融温度与第二熔融温度之间，由此使得热塑性基体至少部分、且优选基本上完全熔融，并且使得具有第二熔融温度的纤维不熔融。在一些实施例中，热成型加工温度可以在190℃与250℃之间、或在190℃与230℃之间、或在190℃与210℃之间、或约200℃。
在本发明的另一个方面，披露了一种塑料复合材料。塑料复合材料由与纤维缠结在一起的轻质热塑性塑料形成。
塑料复合材料可以包括按重量计在约5％至50％、或约5％至约30％、或约5％至20％、且优选约10％至20％之间的具有第二熔点的纤维。
此外，复合材料可以包括按重量计在约50％至95％、或约70％至约95％、或约80％至约95％、且优选约80％至90％的热塑性薄片。
在本发明的又另一个方面，披露了一种使用再生型塑料和纤维形成的多层塑料复合材料。
优选实施例的详述
本申请披露了一种用于使用简单、成本有效的方法由再生型热塑性材料形成塑料复合材料的方法。所述方法利用轻质塑料材料，如但不限于塑料膜、箔、塑料袋等，以形成具有适当机械特性、高耐热性、高冲击强度、耐负荷性、和非常好的尺寸稳定性的塑料复合材料。构造的塑料复合材料可用于形成各种面板，如施工围栏板，广告板，塑料路板，负荷承载件如盒子、板条箱、货盘等。应理解，虽然仅针对如箔、袋子、膜等的轻质再生型热塑性材料解释了本披露，但是本方法通常可用于所有种类的热塑性材料。
在本发明的一个实施例中，塑料面板可以由根据本发明的一方面的热塑性复合材料构造。热塑性复合材料至少部分地由使用过、待再生的热塑性材料构造。热塑性材料通常是热塑性基体，所述热塑性基体包括呈尺寸范围在3mm与25mm之间的薄片形式的一种或多种轻质(即，具有低于水的密度和/或堆积密度)热塑性材料。热塑性复合材料进一步包括纤维芯，所述纤维芯通常在三维网状结构内与热塑性基体缠结并粘合。
在本发明的一个实施例中，热塑性面板可以由多层热塑性复合材料形成。多层复合材料包括热塑性复合材料的第一层，所述第一层附接至和/或粘附至热塑性复合材料的相邻第二层。在一些实例中，所述层可以具有相似的厚度。在一些其他实施例中，所述层可以具有不同的厚度。在一些实例中，第一层和第二层均由相同组成的相同热塑性材料形成。在一些其他实例中，可以使用不同类型的热塑性材料来形成第一层和第二层，从而为它们中的每一个提供不同的特性。因此，通过包括不同材料的交替层，多层复合材料可以表现出所希望的品质，如高的耐化学性、耐热性和耐机械性、高强度等。
热塑性复合材料可以进一步包括施加到热塑性复合材料的一个或多个单独层的顶表面和/或底表面上的一或多个饰面材料层。在本发明的一个实施例中，饰面材料包括如抗菌剂、抗真菌剂等的材料的一个或多个抗微生物涂层。在另一个实施例中，饰面材料可以包括打蜡溶液、油漆等。
适用于本发明中的热塑性材料通常构成不同类型的轻质塑料成分，所述轻质塑料成分来源于再生型物品，如从优选用于食品和/或农业用途、优选由PE、PET、PVC、PP、PS中的至少一种材料制成的商业标签、和/或袋子、和/或容器、和/或包装材料开始获得的柔性膜和/或片材，所有这些正常情况下不能重复利用并且通常由于成本、熔融/粘合、或污染问题而被置入垃圾填埋场中或进行焚化。
合适的热塑性材料的一些其他非限制性实例包括选自以下树脂组的产品：ABS、丙烯酸类树脂、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚丙烯(PP)和聚苯乙烯(PS)。当前最常用的再生型塑料是由PET和HDPE制成的产品并且包括塑料瓶、容器和包装、塑料木材等，所有这些都用可接受的可再生符号之一标识，包括：“高密度白色塑料”意指由白色或半透明塑料制成的容器和包装，如白色洗涤剂容器、挡风玻璃清洗剂容器等。
热塑性材料的其他实例包括应用于装有食品的容器、盒子、金属罐、瓶子等的商业塑料标签；装有新鲜和/或超长保鲜的食品的透明、半透明和不透明的袋子；用于农业产品(如化肥、粪肥、种子等)的袋子；透明、半透明和不透明的非渗透性防水油布；用于垃圾、食品、产品和商品等的袋子；单产品包装法和多产品包装法等的热塑性包装、和/或其任何合适的组合。
具有高于用于制造塑料复合材料的热塑性基体的熔点的第二熔融温度的纤维可以包括熔点高于热塑性基体的熔点的热塑性纤维、和/或玻璃纤维、和/或金属纤维、和/或优选散开的天然纤维的基体，所述散开的天然纤维是通过使用常规可用的工具例如像韧皮纤维开松机或撕裂机等对缠结的天然粗纤维进行加工而获得的。
如在此使用的，术语“天然纤维”是指来源于天然的可再生资源如植物或动物的任何连续长丝。字词“纤维(fibers)”和“纤维(fibers)”可互换使用。天然纤维可包括但不限于种子纤维，如棉花和木棉；叶部纤维，如剑麻和龙舌兰；韧皮纤维或皮肤纤维，如亚麻、黄麻、洋麻、大麻、苎麻、藤、大豆纤维、藤蔓纤维、和香蕉纤维；水果纤维，如椰子纤维；茎杆纤维，如小麦、稻、大麦、竹子、草和树木的秸秆；动物毛纤维，如绵羊毛、山羊毛(羊绒、马海毛)、羊驼毛、马毛；丝纤维；禽类纤维，如羽毛；优选地，用于本发明中的天然纤维应具有至少适度的强度和刚度以及良好的延展性。具有更大直径的纤维也是优选的，因为它们提供了更大的纤维刚度。此外，天然纤维130的长度可以从约50mm至400mm、优选从约150mm至约350mm变化。
在本发明的一个实施例中，天然纤维包括天然粗纤维，如黄麻、大麻、椰子、亚麻、剑麻等。在本发明的更优选的实施例中，黄麻纤维用作天然纤维。黄麻纤维继承了如低密度、低磨蚀性、高强度且因此良好的尺寸稳定性的特性。
在本发明的优选的实施例中，具有第二熔融温度的纤维可以是具有比热塑性基体高的熔融温度的合成热塑性纤维，如聚酯、ABS、聚苯乙烯、尼龙、PA等的组中的纤维。
根据本发明的方法可以包括用于获得待再生的热塑性材料的薄片的多个步骤。然而，下文披露的方法步骤的顺序是示例性的，只是为了使本领域技术人员理解本发明。
一般来讲，待混合以形成热塑性基体的热塑性薄片的收集物可以在来自提供再生型热塑性薄片的各种来源(例如第三方供应商)的现成可用的配置中获得。然而，在本发明的一些实施例中，热塑性薄片的收集物是从待再生的热塑性材料的收集物中获得的。
热塑性材料的收集物通常包括与高重量密度和/或高堆积密度的热塑性材料混合在一起的低重量密度和/或低堆积密度的热塑性材料。根据各种因素(如材料的类型、材料的颜色等)对收到的热塑性材料的收集物进行分类，并且然后将其粉碎以形成包括薄片和颗粒的再磨料。塑料至再磨料的标准尺寸减小典型地是通过切碎机和造粒机来进行的。这些机器具有工业刀片，所述工业刀片可进行旋转切割以切碎塑料，从而使塑料穿过筛子并且然后被带走用于工艺中的下一阶段。在本发明的实施例中，切碎机筛的孔直径范围可以优选地在3mm与25mm之间、或更优选在3mm与15mm之间、且最优选在5mm与10mm之间。
此后，将具有较高重量密度和/或较高堆积密度的再磨料与具有较低重量密度和/或较低堆积密度的再磨料分离；优选地通过离心工艺、或通过浮选技术，如在水中分离，从而将具有低于水的密度和/或堆积密度的热塑性薄片与具有大于水的密度和/或堆积密度的薄片分离。
在下一步骤中，对具有较低重量密度和/或较低堆积密度的再磨料进行加工以例如通过风移动法将薄片与颗粒分离。
在本发明的上下文中，薄片是源自塑料箔、塑料袋、塑料手套、以及密度和/或堆积密度低于水的所有类型的塑料片材或多层片材料的再磨料。这些薄片的尺寸通过穿过粉碎机筛而确定，所述切碎机筛的孔直径范围优选地在3mm与25mm之间、或更优选在3mm与15mm之间、且最优选在5mm与10mm之间。
在下一步骤中，提供具有第二熔融温度的纤维，使所述纤维经受织网工艺，优选梳理或针刺工艺，以形成均匀混合的网状结构。也可以应用编织或相关的纺织品制造工艺、或超声焊接。
梳理工艺可以例如在兰道(Rando)机器或拉罗奇(Laroche)机器、或如本领域中已知的任何其他机器上进行。可替代地，使用如梳理工艺等的任何已知机制来进行织网。梳理是一种机械过程，所述过程可将纤维解缠并相互混合，以产生适合于后续加工的连续网状。通过使用梳理工艺，可以生产出达到非常薄的预定厚度(最高至16g/m2)的网状结构。
超声波焊接可以具有在于以下事实的优点：可以可变地选择纤维之间的距离，由此使得网状结构两侧处的薄片可以彼此接触，从而使得改善再生型塑料复合材料的特性。
一旦形成网状结构，就使所述方法进行到下一步，在所述步骤中，将轻质热塑性基体均一撒落在，即通过均一撒落而均匀地分布在网状结构上。撒落热塑性基体后，可以将第二网状结构定位于热塑性基体上，由此在两个网之间具有轻质热塑性基体。后两个步骤可以重复多次，在纤维的网状结构之间产生撒落的轻质热塑性基体的层，从而使得非常高体积的热塑性基体掺入在所得的塑料复合材料中。然后，使用已知的机制(如热成型过程)对结构进行加热。优选地，所使用的热成型工艺是热粘合工艺，其中从先前步骤获得的网状结构通过穿过加热的压延辊而被加热。可替代地，可以通过可以充分地提高网状结构内的温度以使得热塑性材料彼此结合并且与天然纤维结合的其他加热机制来进行固结。这种机构可以包括但不限于现有技术中已知的热压、真空模塑、蒸汽加热、微波加热等之一。如前面所解释的，固结可以通过单步热成型、或可替代地通过两步热成型工艺完成。
所述方法可以进一步包括制造两个或更多个热塑性复合材料的任选步骤。此后，将两个或更多个热塑性复合材料以分层结构连接在一起，以形成多层热塑性复合材料。可以通过使用常规已知的技术中的任一种来完成分层，所述技术如但不限于压制、真空成型、胶合、焊接等之一。此外，多层热塑性复合材料的每一层可以由相似或不同的热塑性材料形成，如根据待制造的热塑性复合材料的所希望应用和特性。
在本发明的一些实施例中，所述方法进一步包括用饰面材料和/或后处理工艺处理热塑性复合材料的一个或多个表面以赋予复合材料所选择的特性的任选步骤。例如，可以用抗微生物剂、抗真菌剂等处理热塑性复合材料的一个或多个表面。可替代地和/或另外，可以用例如像蜡、油漆等的饰面材料处理热塑性复合材料。
工业适用性
本披露涉及热塑性复合片材、垫、或板材，所述热塑性复合片材、垫、或板材由通常轻质的再生型塑料材料形成，并且可用于各种公共事业设备，如交通管理产品如广告板、停车板、驱动板、由热塑性材料形成并且要求至少与常规塑料片材、垫或板材相当的所希望特性的其他结构部件，所述所希望特性如冲击强度、膨胀、耐热性、热阻滞性、尺寸稳定性、耐磨性等。此外，通过将再生型热塑性基体撒落在纤维的薄网上，可以将非常高体积的再生型热塑性基体掺入在所得的塑料复合材料中。
热塑性复合材料可包括按重量计约10％至50％、或10％至约30％、且优选约20％的增强纤维，所述增强纤维的平均长度在约50mm与约400mm之间、且优选在约150mm与约350mm之间。热塑性复合材料通常包括按重量计约50％至90％、或按重量计70％至约90％且优选约80％的热塑性材料的薄片，所述薄片的平均尺寸范围在约3mm与约25mm之间，其中重量百分比均是基于热塑性复合材料的总重量的。
本披露进一步提供了一种用于通过再生轻质热塑性材料来制造热塑性复合材料的方法。所述方法总体上是使用通常未利用的轻质塑料废料如塑料箔、塑料袋、手套等和/或其组合来形成高品质热塑性复合材料的简单、成本有效、省时的方法。常规地，使用此类轻质塑料材料需要在适用于制造热塑性复合材料之前进行熔化并成型为颗粒或粒料的额外步骤。然而，通过使用根据本发明的方法400，可以大大且显著地缩短再生过程。
实例：货盘的制造：
将85重量％的源自在8mm粉碎机筛孔直径下切碎的箔和袋子的再生型LDPE薄片与15重量％的大约相同尺寸的ABS、PS和PVC颗粒的混合物混合。
将约300g/m2的上述混合物均匀地分布在再生型PET纤维的70g/m2的梳理网状结构上。将该过程重复2次，并且将最终的网状结构叠置在顶部上，最后形成其中薄片和颗粒的混合物均匀分布于其间的4个梳理网状的夹心结构。这样，所述结构的总重量为约1180g/m2。
将该结构在压力下热成型为1cm厚的中间复合材料。中间物是柔性垫并且可以被卷成例如约200kg的捆。
将这些柔性垫中的3片相互叠置并且在200℃下压制至9mm的总厚度，从而形成货盘。

Claims (15)

1.一种制造再生型塑料复合材料的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
i)提供待再生的热塑性材料的薄片；
ii)将所述热塑性薄片混合，从而形成具有第一熔融温度的热塑性基体；
iii)由具有高于所述第一熔融温度的第二熔融温度的纤维提供或形成具有预定厚度的网状结构；
iv)将所述热塑性薄片的热塑性基体均匀地分布在所述网状结构上；
v)任选地形成或提供第二网状结构并且将其置于所述热塑性基体上；
vi)任选地重复步骤iv和v；并且
vii)使用热成型工艺加热所述一个或多个网状结构。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述热塑性薄片通过包括以下步骤的方法获得：
i)提供待再生的一种或多种热塑性材料；
ii)将所述一种或多种热塑性材料粉碎成再磨料；
iii)将所述热塑性材料薄片从所述再磨料中分离。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述热成型是两步热成型工艺。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法，其中，所述多个塑料复合材料可以使用选自但不限于压制、真空成型、胶合或焊接之一的工艺连接成分层结构。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，所述热塑性薄片源自包括塑料箔、塑料袋、或具有低于水的密度和/或堆积密度的任何塑料片材或多层片材料的组中的一种或多种的材料。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，所述具有第二熔融温度的纤维包括来自包括玻璃纤维、聚酯、ABS、聚苯乙烯、尼龙、PA等、和/或其组合的组中的一种或多种材料的纤维。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述具有第二熔融温度的纤维是天然纤维或金属纤维。
8.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，加热工艺包括蒸汽加热、蒸汽注入加热、微波加热、真空加热等之一。
9.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述薄片的尺寸范围在3mm与25mm之间。
10.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述具有第二熔融温度的纤维和所述热塑性基体以按重量计小于50:50的比率存在。
11.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，天然纤维的长度范围在50mm至约400mm之间、且优选在100mm与300mm之间。
12.一种再生型塑料复合材料，所述再生型塑料复合材料使用前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法制造。
13.如权利要求12所述的塑料复合材料，其中，所述复合材料包括在约5重量％至50重量％之间的具有第二熔点的纤维。
14.如权利要求12所述的塑料复合材料，其中，所述复合材料包括按重量计在约50％至95％之间的所述热塑性薄片。
15.一种复合板材或负荷承载件，所述复合板材或负荷承载件由包括多个如权利要求12至14所述的经连接塑料复合材料的多层再生型塑料复合材料制得。
CN201880022403.2A 2017-04-03 2018-04-03 用于制造再生型塑料复合材料的方法 Pending CN110573319A (zh)

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EP3385055A1 (en) 2018-10-10
JP2020512947A (ja) 2020-04-30
WO2018185085A1 (en) 2018-10-11
EP3606724A1 (en) 2020-02-12
BE1025062B1 (nl) 2018-10-15
EP3606724C0 (en) 2024-02-07
US20210107249A1 (en) 2021-04-15

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