CN110565882B - Building gable and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Building gable and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110565882B CN110565882B CN201910753056.7A CN201910753056A CN110565882B CN 110565882 B CN110565882 B CN 110565882B CN 201910753056 A CN201910753056 A CN 201910753056A CN 110565882 B CN110565882 B CN 110565882B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims description 83
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 241001023788 Cyttus traversi Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011464 hollow brick Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
- E04B2/64—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with elongated members of concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
- E04D13/14—Junctions of roof sheathings to chimneys or other parts extending above the roof
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
- E04D13/14—Junctions of roof sheathings to chimneys or other parts extending above the roof
- E04D2013/1422—Parapet building elements for retaining the roof flashing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
Abstract
The building gable comprises a reinforced concrete support frame and masonry bricks filled in the support frame, the building transverse gable wall comprises a main part, a wall crown and wall flanges, the wall flanges comprise side flanges and staggered platforms, the outer edge profiles of the staggered platforms are step-shaped, the step-shaped profiles are gradually contracted inwards from top to bottom, the support frame of the wall flanges comprises side baffle support columns, cantilever beams for outward cantilever, staggered platform forming beams and horizontal reinforcing beams, the support frame further comprises horizontal connecting beams and ridge stand columns, the side baffle support columns comprise inner wall support columns and wall edge support columns, the staggered platform forming beams comprise a group of prefabricated unit beams with the same size, the prefabricated unit beams are superposed layer by layer and are fixedly connected to the upper side of the cantilever beams for outward cantilever, each layer of prefabricated unit beams are arranged in a vertically staggered mode relative to the next layer of beams, and the staggered lengths are the same. The invention combines prefabrication and cast-in-place, adopts the staggered building of the prefabricated unit beams on the cantilever beams, produces the staggered floor effect, saves the procedures of cast-in-place and the like, and reduces the environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a building wall body, in particular to a building fire-sealing wall and a construction method thereof.
Background
In Hui style buildings, a 'fire-sealing wall' is built on a roof, and the shape of the building is similar to that of a courser, so that the building is called as a horse head wall. Due to historical culture reasons, the existing documents of the specific process practice are few in records, and the construction practice is rarely consulted by related atlas specifications. Particularly, the horse-head wall is higher than the roof due to the fact that the wall heads are higher than the roof, the height of the horse-head wall is overlapped, the outline of the horse-head wall is in a step shape, the length of a ridge eave is changed along with the depth of a house, construction is complicated, the building difficulty is heavy, and the horse-head wall cannot be laid from the beginning. Meanwhile, the transition position of the bottom and the outer wall of the overlapped part of the ingate is usually provided with a wrong stubble effect, the whole building and the erection of the support are difficult, and if cast-in-place concrete is adopted for forming, the formwork is complicated to erect, and the construction is inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a building gable and a construction method thereof, and aims to solve the technical problems that the gable is complicated in construction and difficult to build at the present stage, the staggered integral building and erection of a support at the transition position between the bottom of a pile of the gable and an outer wall are difficult, and the erection is complicated by adopting a cast-in-place concrete forming template.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a building horse-head wall comprises a wall body, the wall body is a building transverse gable which is vertical and axisymmetric, the building transverse gable comprises a reinforced concrete support frame and masonry bricks filled in the support frame,
the building transverse hill wall comprises a main part, a wall crown and a wall flange,
the main part is positioned below a roof and within the edge of a longitudinal wall of a building, the support frame of the main part is a main frame, the main frame comprises main frame columns and ring beams arranged in layers, the main frame columns are constructional columns,
the crown exceeds the upper side of the roof, each side of the crown with the vertical shaft as a boundary comprises more than two stacks,
the wall flange comprises a side baffle with a main part extending outwards along the edge of the building longitudinal wall, and also comprises a step-shaped staggered platform which is positioned at the transition position of the bottom of the first stacked wall crown and the side baffle and has more than one stack, the outline of the outer edge of the staggered platform is gradually contracted inwards from top to bottom,
the thickness of the support frame is the same as that of the wall body,
the supporting frames of the wall crown are wall crown frames, the number and the stacking number of the wall crown frames are the same, each wall crown frame comprises a wall crown supporting column and a capping beam,
the supporting frame of the wall flange is a side baffle frame which comprises a side baffle supporting column, an outer cantilever beam, a staggered platform forming beam and a horizontal reinforcing beam,
the supporting frame also comprises a horizontal connecting beam and a ridge upright post which are used for connecting the crown frame and the side retaining frame,
the side retaining support column and the wall crown support column are both constructional columns,
the side retaining support columns comprise wall inner support columns and wall side support columns, the wall inner support columns are positioned inside the wall body, the bottoms of the wall inner support columns are fixedly connected with the foundation of the wall body, the tops of the wall inner support columns extend upwards until the tops of the wall inner support columns are fixedly connected with the capping beams of the first wall-stacked crown,
the wall side supporting columns are positioned at the edge of the wall body, the bottoms of the wall side supporting columns are fixedly connected with the foundation of the wall body, the tops of the wall side supporting columns extend upwards to the position of the first staggered platform,
the two ends of the horizontal reinforcing beam are respectively fixedly connected with the inner wall supporting column and the wall edge supporting column, the horizontal reinforcing beam is positioned on the upper side of the ring beam of the first layer and is lapped on the longitudinal wall of the first layer building,
the outer cantilever beam is positioned above the horizontal reinforcing beam and is a bearing beam of the staggered platform forming beam, one end of the outer cantilever beam is fixedly connected with the top of the wall edge supporting column, the other end of the outer cantilever beam is fixedly connected with the middle part of the wall inner supporting column,
the staggered platform forming beam comprises a set of prefabricated unit beams with the same size, the length of each prefabricated unit beam is smaller than that of the cantilever beam which is cantilevered outwards, the prefabricated unit beams are overlapped layer upon layer and are fixedly connected to the upper side of the cantilever beam which is cantilevered outwards, the cantilever beam which is cantilevered outwards serves as a reference, each layer of prefabricated unit beam is staggered relative to the next layer of beam, and the staggered lengths are the same.
The upper side of the outer end of the top-most prefabricated unit beam is fixedly connected with a wall crown supporting column of a first stacked wall crown, the inner end of the horizontal connecting beam extends to the roof, the outer end of the horizontal connecting beam is fixedly connected with the middle part of the wall crown supporting column of the first stacked wall crown, the outer end of the capping beam of the first stacked wall crown is fixedly connected with the top part of the wall crown supporting column of the first stacked wall crown,
the inner of the capping beam of the first stack wall crown and the middle fixed connection of the capping support column of the second stack wall crown, the bottom of the capping support column of the second stack wall crown extends to the roof, the top of the capping support column of the second stack wall crown and the outer end fixed connection of the capping beam of the second stack wall crown, the inner of the capping beam of the second stack wall crown and the top of the ridge stand column or the middle fixed connection of the capping support column of the next stack wall crown.
The inner reinforcing steel bar of the cantilever beam is thrown out of the anchor and enters the side retaining support column, a tie bar is arranged in the staggered platform forming beam, and the tie bar is arranged between every two adjacent prefabricated unit beams in length.
The precast unit beams in the staggered forming beam are connected with the adjacent structure through masonry mortar, two ends of the staggered forming beam are respectively connected with the adjacent structure into a whole through a through long series-connected steel bar, two ends of each precast unit beam are respectively provided with an oblique steel bar perforation for the series-connected steel bar to pass through, and the hole wall gaps between the series-connected steel bars and the steel bar perforation are filled and compacted by adopting cement mortar,
the reinforcing bar is perforated and is equipped with two along the roof beam width direction symmetry of prefabricated unit roof beam, pre-buried prefabricated roof beam reinforcing bar includes that two unit roof beams that the roof beam width direction leads to long the setting indulge the muscle, the unit roof beam is indulged the muscle and is located the fenestrate outside of reinforcing bar.
The staggered platform is provided with two stacks of an upper staggered platform and a lower staggered platform respectively, a staggered platform supporting column is arranged between the two stacks of staggered platforms, the staggered platform supporting column is also a constructional column,
the bottom of the support column between staggered platforms is fixedly connected with the upper side of the top precast unit beam of the lower staggered platform, the top of the support column between staggered platforms is fixedly connected with the bottom of the outer side of the overhanging cantilever beam of the upper staggered platform,
the size of the horizontal reinforcing beam is the same as that of the cantilever beam of the lower staggered platform and smaller than that of the cantilever beam of the upper staggered platform or the horizontal connecting beam.
The series connection reinforcing bar includes that the slant passes the oblique section of each prefabricated unit roof beam in proper order, still includes the straight section that the both ends anchor goes into adjacent structure, the length of straight section is for being not less than 15d, adjacent structure is for encorbelmenting outrigger, staggered floor between support column or brickwork brick outward, straight section anchor is gone into and is the level in the outrigger of encorbelmenting outward, and straight section anchor is vertical in going into staggered floor between support column or the brickwork brick.
A construction method of a building horse-head wall comprises the following construction steps:
firstly, manufacturing a prefabricated unit beam in a factory, embedding unit beam longitudinal bars in the prefabricated unit beam, and symmetrically punching steel bar through holes at two ends of the prefabricated unit beam;
step two, construction preparation:
manufacturing a pole with a leather number;
when the masonry brick is a sintered masonry brick, the masonry brick is watered and moistened 1-2 hours in advance, the relative water content is 60% -70%, and when the masonry brick is a small concrete block brick and an autoclaved aerated concrete block brick, the masonry brick is not watered;
cleaning a base layer, taking measures of removing or applying mortar at uneven positions, ensuring that the required flatness error at the ground of the constructional column is less than or equal to 3mm, and ensuring that the gap of the vertical mould is compact;
step three, paying off:
before masonry construction, leveling a foundation surface or a floor structure surface according to elevation, springing a wall line and an axis, and springing a door and window opening position line;
setting out the positions of the constructional columns in the wall body from the foundation to the top according to the design, wherein the constructional columns comprise the constructional columns required by the specification and the constructional columns additionally arranged on the construction gable, and during setting out, the axes of the building and the constructional columns are taken as reference lines, firstly, the wall position lines are placed at the positions of the wall body designed according to the drawing, then, the measurement and the placement are carried out according to the positions of the constructional columns in the wall, and the quality deviation of the axis displacement is less than or equal to 5mm, and the marking is carried out;
step four, construction of the main part: all the main part components are constructed according to the height of the wall body along with the floor,
firstly, binding reinforcing steel bars of a first layer of main frame columns on a foundation and then hanging a single surface line of a wall body; arranging a leather number rod and an elevation at the position of a concrete wall or a column at two sides of the masonry, and building the masonry bricks from the foundation upwards according to a woven brick arrangement diagram; building to the position of the first ring beam, binding the steel bars of the first ring beam, and then erecting a first layer of main frame column and a template of the first ring beam; pouring concrete to form a first layer of main frame columns and a first ring beam;
then, continuously binding the reinforcing steel bars of the second layer of main frame columns on the first ring beam, hanging a single surface line of the wall body, and repeating the construction steps until the construction is carried out to the roof;
step five, slab staggering construction:
the construction of the side retaining support column along with the layer according to the height of the wall body is the same as the construction of the main frame column in the specific construction mode,
binding reinforcing steel bars of the cantilever beams along with layer construction according to the height of the wall body, anchoring the bottom ends of the series reinforcing steel bars into the cantilever beams at the moment, throwing the reinforcing steel bars out of the anchor into the side retaining support columns when binding the reinforcing steel bars at the inner ends of the cantilever beams, and then pouring the cantilever beams and the concrete of the side retaining support columns together;
when the cantilever beam is cast, molded and vibrated compactly and the strength is not lower than 1.2Mpa, building prefabricated unit beams on the upper side of the cantilever beam with the cantilever beam; a tie bar is arranged between two adjacent layers of prefabricated unit beams; the setting mode of the tie bar is the same as the setting requirement of the masonry tie bar; after the precast unit beams are built, the top throwing bars of the series steel bars extend out and are anchored into the adjacent structure on the upper layer;
if the staggered platform is provided with two stacks, constructing a staggered platform supporting column along with the floor according to the height of the wall after the lower stacked staggered platform is constructed, and continuously constructing an upper stacked staggered platform along with the floor on the upper side of the staggered platform supporting column according to the height of the wall;
constructing the masonry bricks according to the height of the wall along with the layers, wherein the concrete construction mode is the same as that of the masonry bricks of the main part;
step six, constructing a wall crown:
directly binding reinforcing steel bars of a first stack of wall crown supporting columns on the upper side of the staggered platform forming beam, constructing the wall crown supporting columns along layers according to the height of the wall body, wherein the specific construction mode is the same as that of the main part construction;
the connecting position of the horizontal connecting beam and the wall crown support column or the side retaining support column is provided, the reinforcing steel bars of the horizontal connecting beam are thrown out and anchored into the column at the connecting position when being bound, the inner ends of the reinforcing steel bars of the horizontal connecting beam are pressed into masonry bricks at equal height positions, the horizontal connecting beam and the wall crown support column or the side retaining support column are integrally poured along with the layer,
the steel bars of the first superposed top beams are bound on the top of the wall crown support column or the side retaining support column, the first superposed top beams and the wall crown support column or the side retaining support column are also integrally poured,
binding reinforcing steel bars of a second stacked wall crown supporting column along with layer construction, throwing out the reinforcing steel bars at the inner end of a first stacked top beam when binding, anchoring the reinforcing steel bars into the second stacked wall crown supporting column, binding the reinforcing steel bars of the second stacked top beam at the top of the second stacked wall crown supporting column, integrally pouring the second stacked top beam and the second stacked wall crown supporting column, repeating the construction steps until the highest stacking is achieved, then binding the reinforcing steel bars of the roof upright column, and integrally pouring concrete of the roof upright column and the highest stacked concrete;
the masonry bricks are constructed according to the height of the wall body along with the layer, and the specific construction mode is the same as that of the main part of the masonry bricks.
The construction of the masonry brick is as follows:
the masonry bricks comprise solid bricks and hollow bricks, the hollow brick walls are laterally built, the holes of the hollow bricks are in the horizontal direction, and the masonry bricks are positioned at first far and then near, first down and then up, and first outside and then inside; starting from a corner or a positioning building block when each layer starts; building a skin, correcting the skin, and controlling the elevation of the masonry and the flatness of the wall surface by drawing wires;
the overlapping length of the upper and lower skin masonry bricks is not less than 1/3 of the length of the overlapped masonry bricks, the vertical mortar joints of the upper and lower skin masonry bricks are staggered, and the vertical mortar joints of the upper and lower skins are staggered; the horizontal mortar joint thickness and the vertical mortar joint thickness of the masonry brick are 8-12 mm; the thickness of the vertical mortar joint is 10 mm;
the masonry brick is built by adopting a mortar paving method, the mortar paving length is not more than 750mm, the daily masonry height of the masonry brick is controlled within 1.5m, and the mortar paving length is not more than 500mm after the construction temperature is more than 30 ℃.
The construction of the constructional column is as follows:
the concrete strength grade of the constructional column is above C20, the section and the reinforcing bars of the constructional column are according to the design requirements, when no design requirement exists, the minimum width of the section of the constructional column is not less than 200mm, and the top and the bottom of the constructional column are anchored into the concrete structure; the longitudinal steel bars of the constructional column are anchored by a structural reserved anchor bar or a post-embedded bar, and the anti-pulling detection is carried out according to the requirement by adopting a post-embedded bar method;
the connecting part of the constructional column and the masonry brick is provided with a tie bar in a through length manner, the tie bars are embedded together in the masonry brick in the masonry process, one tie bar is arranged along the column height every 500mm, each tie bar is 2 steel bars with a hook and the diameter of 6mm, the tie bars are arranged in the constructional column in a through length manner and extend into brick wall masonry at two ends respectively not less than 1000 mm;
after the concrete of the constructional column is built by the height of a floor or the beam elevation of a building supporting frame, a formwork is erected for pouring, the slump of the concrete is 50-70 mm, and the concrete is tamped once when the concrete is poured by the height of 400-500 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:
the invention has designed the horse head wall structure and its construction method integrally, the horse head wall adopts prefabrication and cast-in-place to combine, utilize ring beam and constructional column of the concrete in the brick-concrete structure to set up the integral stressed frame of the main part, the crown position of the wall adopts crown support column and capping beam, the two are alternately looped and formed the closed frame hoop, the stress is good; the wall flange utilizes the side baffle support columns to ensure the stress of the staggered platform on one hand and form stress support points of an outward overhanging cantilever beam and a staggered platform forming beam on the other hand, supports a first stacked wall crown upwards and is connected with a frame hoop of the first stacked wall crown into a whole, and then takes the first stacked wall crown as a basis to erect the rest wall crowns layer by layer; and the cantilever beam that encorbelments outside that the main part was buried in the platform position that staggers, then adopt the prefabricated unit roof beam to stagger to take steps on the cantilever beam that encorbelments outside, produce the staggered floor effect, also during the installation directly install the series connection reinforcing bar can, save procedures such as cast in situ, reduce environmental pollution.
The construction method is simple, strong in operability and suitable for various buildings needing horse-head wall modeling.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a precast unit beam.
Fig. 4 is a side view schematic of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is another side view schematic of fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is a structural view of the precast unit girders into which the reinforcing bars are inserted in series.
Reference numerals: 1-main part, 2-wall crown, 21-wall crown support column, 22-capping beam, 3-ring beam, 4-roof, 5-wall flange, 51-side baffle, 52-staggered floor, 53-outer cantilever beam, 54-horizontal reinforcing beam, 55-wall inner support column, 56-wall edge support column, 57-prefabricated unit beam, 58-unit beam longitudinal rib, 6-horizontal connecting beam, 7-roof ridge upright column, 8-series reinforcing steel bar, 81-inclined section, 82-straight section, 9-reinforcing steel bar perforation, 10-staggered floor support column, 11-building longitudinal wall and 12-cement mortar.
Detailed Description
Examples referring to fig. 1-2, a building horse head wall comprises a three-story building wall body which is a vertical axisymmetric building transverse gable comprising a reinforced concrete support frame and masonry bricks filled in the support frame. The thickness of the supporting frame is the same as that of the wall body. The building transverse hill wall comprises a main part 1, a wall crown 2 and a wall flange 5.
The main part is located below the roofing, within 11 edges of building longitudinal wall, and the braced frame of main part is the main frame, the main frame includes the collar tie 3 of main frame post and layering setting, the main frame post is the constructional column. The main frame column is arranged according to the design specification.
The crown 2 extends beyond the upper side of the roof 4, and each side of the crown 2 is bounded by a vertical shaft and comprises three stacks. The supporting frame of the wall crown is a wall crown frame, the number of the wall crown frames is the same as the stacking number, and each wall crown frame comprises a wall crown supporting column 21 and a capping beam 22.
The wall flange includes that main part keeps off 51 along the side that the building longitudinal wall 11 edge expands outward, still including the bottom that is located first fold wall crown with the side keep off transition position, have more than one pile of wrong platform 52, the outward flange profile of wrong platform is the step form that from top to bottom contracts gradually inwards. The support frame of wall flange is the side fender frame, the side keeps off the frame including the side fender support column, cantilever beam 53, staggered platform shaping beam and horizontal reinforcement beam 54 of encorbelmenting outward.
The support frame further comprises horizontal connecting beams 6 connecting the crown frame and the side retaining frames and a topmost ridge post 7.
The side retaining support column and the wall crown support column are both constructional columns.
In this embodiment, the staggered platform is provided with two stacks, namely an upper stacked staggered platform and a lower stacked staggered platform.
The side keeps off the support column and includes wall inner support column 55 and wall limit support column 56, wall inner support column 55 is located the inside of wall, the bottom of wall inner support column 55 and the basic fixed connection of wall, the top of wall inner support column 55 upwards extends until with first pile of wall crown's capping beam 22 fixed connection. The wall side supporting columns 56 are located at the edge of the wall body, the bottoms of the wall side supporting columns 56 are fixedly connected with the foundation of the wall body, and the tops of the wall side supporting columns 56 extend upwards to the position of the first staggered platform. Two ends of the horizontal reinforcing beam 54 are respectively fixedly connected with an inner wall supporting column 55 and a wall edge supporting column 56, and the horizontal reinforcing beam 54 is positioned on the upper side of the ring beam of the first floor and is lapped on the longitudinal wall of the first floor building.
The cantilever beam 53 is located above the horizontal reinforcing beam 54 and is a supporting beam of the staggered forming beam, one end of the cantilever beam is fixedly connected with the top of the wall edge supporting column 56, and the other end of the cantilever beam 53 is fixedly connected with the middle of the wall inner supporting column 55. And the reinforcing steel bars at the inner end of the cantilever beam are thrown out and anchored into the inner supporting column 55 of the wall.
The upper folding staggered platform and the lower folding staggered platform are provided with staggered platform supporting columns 10, staggered platform supporting columns are also constructional columns, the bottom of the staggered platform supporting columns 10 is fixedly connected with the upper side of the topmost prefabricated unit beam 57 of the lower folding staggered platform, the top of the staggered platform supporting columns 10 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the outer side of the outer cantilever beam 53 of the upper folding staggered platform, and the horizontal reinforcing beam 54 is the same as the outer cantilever beam 53 of the lower folding staggered platform and smaller than the outer cantilever beam 53 of the upper folding staggered platform or the horizontal connecting beam 6.
The staggered platform forming beam comprises a set of prefabricated unit beams 57 with the same size, the length of the prefabricated unit beams 57 is smaller than that of the cantilever beam 53 which is cantilevered outwards, the prefabricated unit beams are stacked layer upon layer and are fixedly connected to the upper side of the cantilever beam 53 which is cantilevered outwards, the cantilever beam which is cantilevered outwards serves as a reference, each layer of the prefabricated unit beams 57 are staggered up and down relative to the next layer of the beams, and the staggered lengths are the same. The staggered platform forming beam is internally provided with a tie bar, and the tie bar is arranged between two adjacent prefabricated unit beams 57 in full length.
Referring to fig. 3-6, the prefabricated unit beams 57 in the staggered forming beam are connected with the adjacent structures through masonry mortar, two ends of the staggered forming beam are connected with the adjacent structures into a whole through a through long series-connected steel bar 8, two ends of each prefabricated unit beam 57 are provided with oblique steel bar through holes 9 for the series-connected steel bars to pass through, and the hole wall gaps between the series-connected steel bars 8 and the steel bar through holes 9 are filled with cement mortar. The reinforcing bar perforation 9 is equipped with two along prefabricated unit roof beam 57's roof beam width direction symmetry, pre-buried precast beam reinforcing bar includes two unit roof beam vertical bars 58 that the roof beam width direction leads to long the setting in prefabricated unit roof beam 57, unit roof beam vertical bar 58 is located the perforated 9 outside of reinforcing bar. Series connection reinforcing bar 8 includes that the slant passes the oblique section 81 of each prefabricated unit roof beam 57 in proper order, still includes the straight section 82 of both ends anchor income adjacent structure, the length of straight section is for being not less than 15d, adjacent structure is for encorbelmenting cantilever beam 53, staggered floor between support column 10 or brickwork brick outward, straight section 82 anchor is encorbelmented cantilever beam 53 outward and is the level, and straight section 82 anchor is gone into and is vertical in staggered floor between support column 10 or the brickwork brick.
In this embodiment, during the bottom anchor of the outside series connection reinforcing bar of lower pile staggered floor goes into cantilever beam 53 of encorbelmenting outward, during the top anchor of the outside series connection reinforcing bar of lower pile staggered floor goes into support column 10 between the staggered floor, during the bottom anchor of the inboard series connection reinforcing bar of lower pile staggered floor goes into cantilever beam 53 of encorbelmenting outward, during the top anchor of the inboard series connection reinforcing bar of lower pile staggered floor goes into the brickwork brick of top.
The bottom end of the outer side series-connection steel bar of the upper staggered platform is anchored into the outer cantilever beam 53, the top end of the outer side series-connection steel bar of the upper staggered platform is anchored into the wall crown supporting column 21 of the first stacked wall crown, the bottom end of the inner side series-connection steel bar of the upper staggered platform is anchored into the outer cantilever beam 53, and the top end of the inner side series-connection steel bar of the upper staggered platform is anchored into the masonry brick above. And the upper side of the outer end of the topmost precast unit beam 57 is fixedly connected with a crown support column 21 of a first stack of crowns.
The inner of horizontal tie-beam 6 extends to roofing 4, and the outer end of horizontal tie-beam 6 and the middle part fixed connection of the first wall crown support column 21 that folds the wall crown, the outer end of the capping beam of the first wall crown that folds and the top fixed connection of the first wall crown support column 21 that folds the wall crown.
The inner of the capping beam 22 of the first stack wall crown and the middle fixed connection of the capping beam support column 21 of the second stack wall crown, the bottom of the capping beam support column 21 of the second stack wall crown extends to the roof, the top of the capping beam support column 21 of the second stack wall crown and the outer end fixed connection of the capping beam 22 of the second stack wall crown, the inner of the capping beam 22 of the second stack wall crown and the middle fixed connection of the capping beam support column 21 of the third stack wall crown, the bottom of the capping beam support column 21 of the third stack wall crown extends to the roof, the top of the capping beam support column 21 of the third stack wall crown and the outer end fixed connection of the capping beam 22 of the third stack wall crown, and the inner of the capping beam 22 of the third stack wall crown and the top fixed connection of the roof upright post 7.
The construction method of the building horse-head wall comprises the following construction steps:
firstly, manufacturing a prefabricated unit beam 57 in a factory, embedding unit beam longitudinal ribs in the prefabricated unit beam 57, and symmetrically forming reinforcing steel bar through holes 9 at two ends of the prefabricated unit beam 57. The prefabricated unit beam 57 has the size of 100mm multiplied by 200mm multiplied by 1000mm, the aperture of the steel bar perforation 9 is 40mm, and C20 concrete is adopted for pouring. The distance between the inner side hole of the steel bar perforation hole 9 and the outer end is 860mm, and the distance between the outer side hole and the outer end is 40 mm.
Step two, construction preparation:
manufacturing a pole with a leather number; the pole with the number of skin is made of 30mm 40mm timber, the pole with the number of skin is erected according to the elevation, the distance between the poles with the number of skin is smaller than 15m, and the pole with the number of skin is arranged at the corner 50mm away from the wall skin or the corner. The pole with the skin number is vertical, firm and consistent in elevation, and the pre-inspection procedure is handled after rechecking; reserving an equipment installation hole according to the professional installation requirements of the equipment, and defining a masonry principle;
when the masonry brick is a sintered masonry brick, the masonry brick is watered and moistened 1-2 hours in advance, the relative water content is 60% -70%, and when the masonry brick is a small concrete block brick and an autoclaved aerated concrete block brick, the masonry brick is not watered; the product age of the hollow concrete small building blocks is not less than 28 days;
the base course is cleaned, the uneven part adopts the measure of removing or mending mortar, especially the ground of the constructional column is required to be flat or less than 3mm, and the tight gap of the vertical mould is ensured.
Step three, paying off:
before masonry construction, leveling a foundation surface or a floor structure surface according to elevation, springing a wall line and an axis, and springing a door and window opening position line;
the construction columns are vertically arranged from the foundation to the upper layer according to the design, the construction columns comprise construction columns with standard requirements and construction columns additionally arranged on a construction gable, the axes of a building and the construction columns are used as datum lines during paying off, wall position lines are placed at the positions of the wall body according to the design drawing, then measuring and placing are carried out according to the positions of the construction columns in the wall, the quality deviation of the axis displacement is less than or equal to 5mm, and identification is carried out.
Step four, construction of the main part: all the main part components are constructed according to the height of the wall body along with the floor,
firstly, binding reinforcing steel bars of a first layer of main frame columns on a foundation and then hanging a single surface line of a wall body; setting a leather number rod and an elevation at the position of a concrete wall or a column at two sides of the masonry, and building the masonry bricks upwards from the foundation according to the standard requirements according to the woven brick arrangement diagram; building to the position of the first ring beam, binding the steel bars of the first ring beam, and then erecting a first layer of main frame column and a template of the first ring beam; pouring concrete to form a first layer of main frame columns and a first ring beam;
and then, continuously binding the reinforcing steel bars of the second layer of main frame columns on the first ring beam, hanging a single surface line of the wall body, and repeating the construction steps until the construction is carried out to the roof.
Step five, slab staggering construction:
the construction of the side retaining support column along with the layer according to the height of the wall body is the same as the construction of the main frame column in the specific construction mode,
binding reinforcing steel bars of the cantilever beam according to the height of the wall body and layer construction, anchoring the bottom end of the series reinforcing steel bar 8 into the cantilever beam, throwing the reinforcing steel bars out of the anchor into the side retaining support column when binding the reinforcing steel bars at the inner end of the cantilever beam, and then pouring the cantilever beam and the concrete of the side retaining support column together; attention is paid to temporary fixation of the steel bars in series connection, so that the steel bars in series connection are prevented from deviating when the cantilever beam is poured.
When the cantilever beam is cast, molded and vibrated compactly and the strength is not lower than 1.2Mpa, building prefabricated unit beams 57 on the upper side of the cantilever beam with the cantilever beam outside, penetrating the series-connected steel bars 8 into the steel bar through holes 9 when each layer of prefabricated unit beams 57 is built, and then filling and compacting the hole wall gaps between the series-connected steel bars 8 and the steel bar through holes 9 by adopting cement mortar; tie bars are arranged between the two adjacent layers of the prefabricated unit beams 57; the setting mode of the tie bar is the same as the setting requirement of the masonry tie bar; after the prefabricated unit beam 57 is built, the top throwing bars of the series steel bars 8 extend out and are anchored into the adjacent structure on the upper layer;
if the staggered platform is provided with two stacks, constructing a staggered platform supporting column along with the floor according to the height of the wall after the lower stacked staggered platform is constructed, and continuously constructing an upper stacked staggered platform along with the floor on the upper side of the staggered platform supporting column according to the height of the wall;
the masonry bricks are constructed according to the height of the wall body along with the layer, and the specific construction mode is the same as that of the main part of the masonry bricks.
Step six, constructing a wall crown:
directly binding reinforcing steel bars of a first stack of crown support columns 21 on the upper side of the staggered platform forming beam, and constructing the crown support columns 21 along with the layers according to the height of the wall body in the same specific construction mode as the main construction mode;
the connecting position of the horizontal connecting beam and the wall crown support column 21 or the side retaining support column is cast with the inner end of the steel bar of the horizontal connecting beam 6 pressed into the masonry brick at the equal height position when the steel bar of the horizontal connecting beam 6 is bound,
the steel bars of the first superposed top beams 22 are bound on the tops of the crown support columns 21 or the side retaining support columns, the first superposed top beams 22 and the crown support columns 21 or the side retaining support columns are also integrally cast,
binding reinforcing steel bars of a second stacked wall crown support column 21 along with layer construction, throwing out the reinforcing steel bars at the inner end of a first stacked top beam 22 when binding, anchoring the reinforcing steel bars into the second stacked wall crown support column 21, binding the reinforcing steel bars of the second stacked top beam 22 at the top of the second stacked wall crown support column 21, integrally pouring the second stacked top beam 22 and the second stacked wall crown support column 21, repeating the construction steps until the highest stacking is achieved, then binding the reinforcing steel bars of the ridge upright column 7, and integrally pouring concrete of the ridge upright column 7 and the highest stacked concrete;
the masonry bricks are constructed according to the height of the wall body along with the layer, and the specific construction mode is the same as that of the main part of the masonry bricks.
The construction of the masonry brick is as follows:
the masonry bricks comprise solid bricks and hollow bricks, the hollow brick walls are laterally built, the holes of the hollow bricks are in the horizontal direction, and the masonry bricks are positioned at first far and then near, first down and then up, and first outside and then inside; starting from a corner or a positioning building block when each layer starts; building a skin, correcting the skin, and controlling the elevation of the masonry and the flatness of the wall surface by drawing wires;
the overlapping length of the upper and lower skin masonry bricks is not less than 1/3 of the length of the overlapped masonry bricks, the vertical mortar joints of the upper and lower skin masonry bricks are staggered, and the vertical mortar joints of the upper and lower skins are staggered; the horizontal mortar joint thickness and the vertical mortar joint thickness of the masonry brick are 8-12 mm; the thickness of the vertical mortar joint is 10 mm;
the masonry brick is built by adopting a mortar paving method, the mortar paving length is not more than 750mm, the daily masonry height of the masonry brick is controlled within 1.5m, and the mortar paving length is not more than 500mm after the construction temperature is more than 30 ℃.
When the built building block needs to be moved or the impacted building block needs to be repaired, the original mortar is removed, and the mortar is paved again for building.
After masonry, protective covering should be carried out on the masonry surface in time, and mortar cannot be left on the masonry surface. Before the masonry is continued, the masonry surface should be cleaned. The ventilation shaft of the basement, the non-access pipe shaft and the ventilation shaft of the overground part are constructed and leveled at any time. For the dry brick wall, the later pointing depth is consistent, and the depth is preferably 8mm-10mm, so as to achieve the effect of the dry wall.
The construction of the constructional column is as follows:
the concrete strength grade of the constructional column is above C20, the section and the reinforcing bars of the constructional column are according to the design requirements, when no design requirement exists, the minimum width of the section of the constructional column is not less than 200mm, and the top and the bottom of the constructional column are anchored into the concrete structure; the longitudinal steel bars of the constructional column are anchored by a structural reserved anchor bar or a post-embedded bar, and the anti-pulling detection is carried out according to the requirement by adopting a post-embedded bar method; the longitudinal steel bars are four, the diameter of each longitudinal steel bar is not less than 12mm, the tops and the bottoms of the longitudinal steel bars are anchored into adjacent concrete structures, the diameter of each stirrup is 6mm, and the distance between every two stirrups is 200mm, or the stirrups are adopted according to design requirements.
Constructing joints of constructional columns and the masonry bricks to form branches, wherein the height of each branch is not more than 300mm, the depth of each branch is 60-100 mm, and the height of each branch along the wall is not more than 500mm, if the adopted building blocks are not more than 1:2 skin brick height generally, a tie bar is arranged in the through length, the tie bars are embedded together in the masonry bricks in the masonry process, one tie bar is arranged along each 500mm of the height of the columns, each tie bar is 2 reinforcing bars with bent hooks and the diameter of 6mm, the tie bars are arranged in the constructional columns in the through length, and the length of the tie bars extending into the brickwork of the brick walls at two ends is not less than 1000 mm;
after the concrete of the constructional column is built by the height of a floor or the beam elevation of a building supporting frame, a formwork is erected for pouring, the slump of the concrete is 50-70 mm, and the concrete is tamped once when the concrete is poured by the height of 400-500 mm.
The construction of the ring beam and the capping beam is as follows:
before the girt and the capping beam reinforcement, the shapes and the sizes of the main reinforcements and the stirrups are corrected in advance, and during binding, the stirrup positions are drawn according to design requirements, and the openings of the adjacent stirrups are staggered with each other, so that the stirrups are firmly bound with the main reinforcements and cannot be shifted.
The installed steel bars must be formed once and have certain rigidity. And the concrete is ensured not to change in the concrete pouring process. The used steel bar must be clean, rust-free and partially bending-free.
And after the steel bars are qualified, carrying out template supporting and concrete pouring of the ring beam and the capping beam. And C20 self-mixing concrete is poured, the templates and the reinforcing steel bars are checked and accepted according to the design size and the spacing before pouring, the inserting type vibrating rod is used for vibrating, and the surface needs to be polished and compacted.
The pipeline construction on the wall body is as follows:
the pipeline is embedded in the wall body, and special-shaped masonry is adopted for building and is matched with various kinds of workers during building. The wall body is cut as little as possible. When the groove is required to be cut, a light electric cutting machine is used for cutting the groove, and then a manual groove carving device is used for forming the groove opening with the required width and depth, so that the hammer, the axe and the chisel are strictly forbidden. The horizontal direction is not slotted or only is provided with a short and narrow slot, and the vertical slotting depth is not more than 1/3 of the wall thickness. The distance between the pipeline slot and the door and window opening is preferably 300 mm.
After the pipeline is installed, the line pipe is fixed firmly by applying clips or nails, then the seams are leveled by mortar in a grading way, and alkali-resistant glass fiber gridding cloth with the width not less than 10mm is pasted along the outer side of the groove length for reinforcement.
When a wall-through pipeline or a wire box is encountered, the position and the size of the pipeline or the wire box are verified in advance, and the reserved pipeline or the wire box is used as a main reserve, so that the damage to a wall body caused by chiseling after the process is reduced.
Claims (9)
1. A building horse-head wall comprises a wall body, the wall body is a building transverse gable which is vertical and axisymmetric, the building transverse gable comprises a reinforced concrete support frame and masonry bricks filled in the support frame,
the building transverse hill wall comprises a main part (1), a wall crown (2) and a wall flange (5),
the main part is located the roofing below, within building longitudinal wall (11) edge, and the braced frame of main part is the main frame, the main frame includes circle roof beam (3) that main frame post and layering set up, the main frame post is constructional column, its characterized in that:
the wall crown (2) exceeds the upper side of the roof (4), each side of the wall crown (2) with a vertical shaft as a boundary comprises more than two stacks,
the wall flange comprises a side baffle (51) with a main part extending outwards along the edge of the building longitudinal wall, and further comprises a staggered platform (52) which is positioned at the transition position of the bottom of the first stacked wall crown and the side baffle and is provided with more than one stack, the outline of the outer edge of the staggered platform is in a step shape gradually shrinking inwards from top to bottom,
the thickness of the support frame is the same as that of the wall body,
the supporting frames of the wall crown are wall crown frames, the number and the stacking number of the wall crown frames are the same, each wall crown frame comprises a wall crown supporting column (21) and a capping beam (22),
the supporting frame of the wall flange is a side baffle frame which comprises a side baffle supporting column, an outer cantilever beam (53), a staggered platform forming beam and a horizontal reinforcing beam (54),
the supporting framework also comprises a horizontal connecting beam (6) for connecting the crown framework and the side retaining framework and a ridge upright post (7),
the side retaining support column and the wall crown support column are both constructional columns,
the side retaining support columns comprise wall inner support columns (55) and wall side support columns (56), the wall inner support columns (55) are located inside the wall body, the bottoms of the wall inner support columns (55) are fixedly connected with the foundation of the wall body, the tops of the wall inner support columns (55) extend upwards until the tops of the wall inner support columns are fixedly connected with the capping beams (22) of the first stacked wall crowns,
the wall side supporting columns (56) are positioned at the edge of the wall body, the bottoms of the wall side supporting columns (56) are fixedly connected with the foundation of the wall body, the tops of the wall side supporting columns (56) extend upwards to the position of the first staggered platform,
two ends of the horizontal reinforcing beam (54) are respectively fixedly connected with the inner wall supporting column (55) and the wall edge supporting column (56), the horizontal reinforcing beam (54) is positioned on the upper side of the ring beam of the first layer and is lapped on the longitudinal wall of the first layer building,
the outer cantilever beam (53) is positioned above the horizontal reinforcing beam (54) and is a bearing beam of the staggered platform forming beam, one end of the outer cantilever beam is fixedly connected with the top of the wall edge supporting column (56), the other end of the outer cantilever beam (53) is fixedly connected with the middle part of the wall inner supporting column (55),
the staggered platform forming beam comprises a set of prefabricated unit beams (57) with the same size, the length of the prefabricated unit beams (57) is smaller than that of the cantilever beam (53) which is cantilevered outwards, the prefabricated unit beams are overlapped layer upon layer and are fixedly connected to the upper side of the cantilever beam (53) which is cantilevered outwards, the cantilever beam which is cantilevered outwards serves as a reference, each layer of the prefabricated unit beams (57) are staggered relative to the next layer of beams, and the staggered lengths are the same.
2. The building horsehead as in claim 1, wherein: the upper side of the outer end of the top-most prefabricated unit beam (57) is fixedly connected with a first wall crown supporting column (21) of a stacked wall crown, the inner end of the horizontal connecting beam (6) extends to the roof (4), the outer end of the horizontal connecting beam (6) is fixedly connected with the middle part of the first wall crown supporting column (21) of the stacked wall crown, the outer end of the capping beam of the first stacked wall crown is fixedly connected with the top part of the first wall crown supporting column (21) of the stacked wall crown,
the inner of the capping beam (22) of the first stack wall crown and the middle fixed connection of the capping beam support column (21) of the second stack wall crown, the bottom of the capping beam support column (21) of the second stack wall crown extends to the roof, the top of the capping beam support column (21) of the second stack wall crown and the outer end fixed connection of the capping beam (22) of the second stack wall crown, the inner of the capping beam (22) of the second stack wall crown and the top of the ridge upright post (7) or the middle fixed connection of the capping beam support column (21) of the next stack wall crown.
3. The building horsehead as in claim 2, wherein: the inner reinforcing steel bar of the cantilever beam is thrown out of the anchor and enters the side retaining support column, a tie bar is arranged in the staggered platform forming beam, and the tie bar is arranged between two adjacent prefabricated unit beams (57) in length.
4. A building horse head wall according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: the staggered forming beam is characterized in that the prefabricated unit beams (57) are connected with adjacent structures through masonry mortar, two ends of the staggered forming beam are connected with the adjacent structures into a whole through a through long series-connected steel bar (8), two ends of each prefabricated unit beam (57) are provided with oblique steel bar through holes (9) for the series-connected steel bars to pass through, and the hole wall gaps between the series-connected steel bars (8) and the steel bar through holes (9) are filled and compacted by cement mortar,
the reinforcing bar is perforated (9) and is equipped with two along the roof beam width direction symmetry of prefabricated unit roof beam (57), pre-buried prefabricated roof beam reinforcing bar includes two unit roof beams that the roof beam width direction leads to long setting and indulges muscle (58) in prefabricated unit roof beam (57), unit roof beam indulges muscle (58) and is located the outside of reinforcing bar perforation (9).
5. The building horsehead as in claim 4, wherein: the staggered platform is provided with two stacks of an upper staggered platform and a lower staggered platform respectively, a staggered platform supporting column (10) is arranged between the two stacks of staggered platforms, the staggered platform supporting column is also a constructional column,
the bottom of the staggered platform supporting column (10) is fixedly connected with the upper side of the top prefabricated unit beam (57) of the lower staggered platform, the top of the staggered platform supporting column (10) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the outer side of the cantilever beam (53) of the upper staggered platform,
the size of the horizontal reinforcing beam (54) is the same as that of the cantilever beam (53) of the lower staggered floor, and is smaller than that of the cantilever beam (53) of the upper staggered floor or the horizontal connecting beam (6).
6. The building horsehead as in claim 5, wherein: series connection reinforcing bar (8) include that the slant passes oblique section (81) of each prefabricated unit roof beam (57) in proper order, still include straight section (82) that the both ends anchor goes into adjacent structure, the length of straight section is for being not less than 15d, adjacent structure is for encorbelmenting outrigger (53), staggered floor within a definite time support column (10) or brickwork brick outward, straight section (82) anchor is gone into and is encorbelment among outrigger (53) for the level outward, and straight section (82) anchor is gone into and is vertical in staggered floor within a definite time support column (10) or the brickwork brick.
7. A method of constructing a horse head wall according to claim 6, wherein the construction steps are as follows:
firstly, manufacturing a prefabricated unit beam (57) in a factory, embedding unit beam longitudinal ribs in the prefabricated unit beam (57), and symmetrically forming reinforcing steel bar through holes (9) at two ends of the prefabricated unit beam (57);
step two, construction preparation:
manufacturing a pole with a leather number;
when the masonry brick is a sintered masonry brick, the masonry brick is watered and moistened 1-2 hours in advance, the relative water content is 60% -70%, and when the masonry brick is a small concrete block brick and an autoclaved aerated concrete block brick, the masonry brick is not watered;
cleaning a base layer, taking measures of removing or applying mortar at uneven positions, ensuring that the required flatness error at the ground of the constructional column is less than or equal to 3mm, and ensuring that the gap of the vertical mould is compact;
step three, paying off:
before masonry construction, leveling a foundation surface or a floor structure surface according to elevation, springing a wall line and an axis, and springing a door and window opening position line;
setting out the positions of the constructional columns in the wall body from the foundation to the top according to the design, wherein the constructional columns comprise the constructional columns required by the specification and the constructional columns additionally arranged on the construction gable, and during setting out, the axes of the building and the constructional columns are taken as reference lines, firstly, the wall position lines are placed at the positions of the wall body designed according to the drawing, then, the measurement and the placement are carried out according to the positions of the constructional columns in the wall, and the quality deviation of the axis displacement is less than or equal to 5mm, and the marking is carried out;
step four, construction of the main part: all the main part components are constructed according to the height of the wall body along with the floor,
firstly, binding reinforcing steel bars of a first layer of main frame columns on a foundation and then hanging a single surface line of a wall body; arranging a leather number rod and an elevation at the position of a concrete wall or a column at two sides of the masonry, and building the masonry bricks from the foundation upwards according to a woven brick arrangement diagram; building to the position of the first ring beam, binding the steel bars of the first ring beam, and then erecting a first layer of main frame column and a template of the first ring beam; pouring concrete to form a first layer of main frame columns and a first ring beam;
then, continuously binding the reinforcing steel bars of the second layer of main frame columns on the first ring beam, hanging a single surface line of the wall body, and repeating the construction steps until the construction is carried out to the roof;
step five, slab staggering construction:
the construction of the side retaining support column along with the layer according to the height of the wall body is the same as the construction of the main frame column in the specific construction mode,
binding reinforcing steel bars of the cantilever beam according to the height of the wall body and layer construction, anchoring the bottom end of the series reinforcing steel bar (8) into the cantilever beam, throwing the reinforcing steel bars out of the anchor into the side retaining support column when binding the reinforcing steel bars at the inner end of the cantilever beam, and then pouring the cantilever beam and the concrete of the side retaining support column together;
when the cantilever beam with the outer cantilever is poured, molded and vibrated compactly and has the strength not lower than 1.2MPa, building prefabricated unit beams (57) on the upper side of the cantilever beam with the outer cantilever beam, penetrating the series steel bars (8) into the steel bar through holes (9) when one layer of prefabricated unit beam (57) is built, and then filling and compacting the gaps between the series steel bars (8) and the hole walls of the steel bar through holes (9) by adopting cement mortar; tie bars are arranged between two adjacent layers of prefabricated unit beams (57); the setting mode of the tie bar is the same as the setting requirement of the masonry tie bar; after the prefabricated unit beam (57) is built, the top ends of the series steel bars (8) stretch out of the anchor into the adjacent structure of the upper layer;
if the staggered platform is provided with two stacks, constructing a staggered platform supporting column along with the floor according to the height of the wall after the lower stacked staggered platform is constructed, and continuously constructing an upper stacked staggered platform along with the floor on the upper side of the staggered platform supporting column according to the height of the wall;
constructing the masonry bricks according to the height of the wall along with the layers, wherein the concrete construction mode is the same as that of the masonry bricks of the main part;
step six, constructing a wall crown:
directly binding reinforcing steel bars of a first pile of wall crown supporting columns (21) on the upper side of the staggered platform forming beam, constructing the wall crown supporting columns (21) along with layers according to the height of the wall body, wherein the specific construction mode is the same as that of the main part construction;
the connecting position of the horizontal connecting beam and the wall crown support column (21) or the side retaining support column is that the reinforcing steel bars of the horizontal connecting beam (6) are thrown out and anchored into the column at the connecting position when being bound, the inner ends of the reinforcing steel bars of the horizontal connecting beam (6) are pressed into the masonry bricks at the equal-height positions, the horizontal connecting beam and the wall crown support column (21) or the side retaining support column are integrally poured along with the layer,
the steel bars of the first laminated top beam (22) are bound on the top of the wall crown support column (21) or the side retaining support column, the first laminated top beam (22) and the wall crown support column (21) or the side retaining support column are also integrally poured,
binding reinforcing steel bars of a second stacked crown support column (21) along with layer construction, throwing out the reinforcing steel bars of the inner end of a first stacked top beam (22) to be anchored into the second stacked crown support column (21) during binding, binding the reinforcing steel bars of the second stacked top beam (22) at the top of the second stacked crown support column (21), integrally pouring the second stacked top beam (22) and the second stacked crown support column (21), repeating the construction steps until the top stacking is reached, binding the reinforcing steel bars of a ridge upright column (7), and integrally pouring concrete of the ridge upright column (7) and the top stacking concrete;
the masonry bricks are constructed according to the height of the wall body along with the layer, and the specific construction mode is the same as that of the main part of the masonry bricks.
8. The method of constructing a horse head wall according to claim 7, wherein:
the construction of the masonry brick is as follows:
the masonry bricks comprise solid bricks and hollow bricks, the hollow brick walls are laterally built, the holes of the hollow bricks are in the horizontal direction, and the masonry bricks are positioned at first far and then near, first down and then up, and first outside and then inside; starting from a corner or a positioning building block when each layer starts; building a skin, correcting the skin, and controlling the elevation of the masonry and the flatness of the wall surface by drawing wires;
the overlapping length of the upper and lower skin masonry bricks is not less than 1/3 of the length of the overlapped masonry bricks, the vertical mortar joints of the upper and lower skin masonry bricks are staggered, and the vertical mortar joints of the upper and lower skins are staggered; the horizontal mortar joint thickness and the vertical mortar joint thickness of the masonry brick are 8-12 mm; the thickness of the vertical mortar joint is 10 mm;
the masonry brick is built by adopting a mortar paving method, the mortar paving length is not more than 750mm, the daily masonry height of the masonry brick is controlled within 1.5m, and the mortar paving length is not more than 500mm after the construction temperature is more than 30 ℃.
9. The method of constructing a horse head wall according to claim 7, wherein:
the construction of the constructional column is as follows:
the concrete strength grade of the constructional column is above C20, the section and the reinforcing bars of the constructional column are according to the design requirements, when no design requirement exists, the minimum width of the section of the constructional column is not less than 200mm, and the top and the bottom of the constructional column are anchored into the concrete structure; the longitudinal steel bars of the constructional column are anchored by a structural reserved anchor bar or a post-embedded bar, and the anti-pulling detection is carried out according to the requirement by adopting a post-embedded bar method;
the connecting part of the constructional column and the masonry brick is provided with a tie bar in a through length manner, the tie bars are embedded together in the masonry brick in the masonry process, one tie bar is arranged along the column height every 500mm, each tie bar is 2 steel bars with a hook and the diameter of 6mm, the tie bars are arranged in the constructional column in a through length manner and extend into brick wall masonry at two ends respectively not less than 1000 mm;
after the concrete of the constructional column is built by the height of a floor or the beam elevation of a building supporting frame, a formwork is erected for pouring, the slump of the concrete is 50-70 mm, and the concrete is tamped once when the concrete is poured by the height of 400-500 mm.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106592810A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-04-26 | 陕西建工第三建设集团有限公司 | Construction method of wrapping fair brick masonry for concrete structure of historic building |
| CN207420088U (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-05-29 | 广西建工集团第四建筑工程有限责任公司 | A kind of detachable combination cornice for facade rebuilding construction |
| CN208056387U (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-11-06 | 江苏合筑建筑设计股份有限公司 | A kind of head of the horse wall construction |
| CN109898698A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-06-18 | 山东交通学院 | A kind of construction method of pseudo-classic architecture silk seam wall |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070125016A1 (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2007-06-07 | Shawn Yu | Wall panel with corner-connected open frame |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106592810A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-04-26 | 陕西建工第三建设集团有限公司 | Construction method of wrapping fair brick masonry for concrete structure of historic building |
| CN207420088U (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-05-29 | 广西建工集团第四建筑工程有限责任公司 | A kind of detachable combination cornice for facade rebuilding construction |
| CN208056387U (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-11-06 | 江苏合筑建筑设计股份有限公司 | A kind of head of the horse wall construction |
| CN109898698A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-06-18 | 山东交通学院 | A kind of construction method of pseudo-classic architecture silk seam wall |
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