CN110564494A

CN110564494A - Method for extracting soybean oil by ultrasonic pretreatment solvent method

Info

Publication number: CN110564494A
Application number: CN201910985640.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李杨; 孙禹凡; 齐宝坤; 钟明明; 武立春; 闫世长
Original assignee: Northeast Agricultural University
Current assignee: Northeast Agricultural University
Priority date: 2019-10-17
Filing date: 2019-10-17
Publication date: 2019-12-13

Abstract

A method for extracting soybean oil by an ultrasonic pretreatment solvent method belongs to the technical field of vegetable oil extraction and processing. The invention aims to solve the technical problems of high energy consumption, low safety, serious pollution and the like in the conventional method. The method comprises the following steps: grinding peeled soybeans and deionized water at 80 ℃ to obtain a pulp-residue mixture; secondly, heating the pulp-residue mixture to 50 ℃, performing ultrasonic pretreatment, and performing pulp-residue separation to obtain raw soybean milk; thirdly, adding a certain amount of surfactant into the raw soybean milk, oscillating in a horizontal oscillator, and balancing to obtain slurry; and fourthly, performing centrifugal separation on the slurry to obtain a product, namely the soybean oil. The method has novel and reasonable design and simple process method, and has obvious advantages in the aspects of energy consumption, environment, safety, sanitation and the like compared with the traditional process.

Description

Method for extracting soybean oil by ultrasonic pretreatment solvent method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to a vegetable oil extraction processing technology, and particularly relates to a method for extracting soybean oil by using ultrasonic pretreatment and a surfactant as a solvent body.

Background

At present, in the preparation of vegetable oil, a leaching method and a mechanical squeezing method which mainly adopt a No. six solvent are mainly adopted. But both methods have certain defects, the residual oil content of the cake after being squeezed in the squeezing method is high, the oil outlet efficiency is low, the power consumption is large, parts are easy to be lost, and the method is not suitable for low-fat oil materials; the leaching method has the defects that the extraction process flow is complicated, the time consumption is long, the complexity of the process is increased, n-hexane has extremely high volatility and is an explosive substance with potential hazard, a human body is exposed to n-hexane steam, central nervous systems and motor phagocytic nerve cells are influenced, the production safety is reduced, the environmental pollution is caused, and the organic solvent is exhausted along with the exhaustion of petroleum resources.

The surfactant is used for extracting the grease, because the molecular structure of the surfactant has amphipathy, and hydrophilic groups and lipophilic groups are directionally arranged on the surface of a solution, so that the surface tension is obviously reduced, and the stability of the emulsion is damaged, and the grease is released. However, the efficiency of extracting oil by using a surfactant alone is very low (less than 70%), because the surfactant cannot effectively release oil from plant cells.

Ultrasonic extraction technology is often applied in the field of food processing and production, and has the greatest advantage of higher efficiency than conventional methods, and can obtain purer products at low temperature and in a short time. The mechanism is attributed to the action of micro-jet and mass transfer generated by cavitation effect, and can increase the permeation amount of solvent to raw material cells and strengthen mass transfer, so that it can obviously accelerate the extraction process of organic components in plant bodies and seeds.

The method applies ultrasonic pretreatment to the extraction of the soybean oil and fat, and is matched with the synergistic effect of adding the surfactant, so that the production safety is improved, the environmental pollution is reduced, the extraction rate of the oil and fat can be improved, and the method has obvious advantages in the aspects of energy consumption, environment, sanitation, safety and the like as a novel 'green and environment-friendly' technology compared with the traditional process.

Disclosure of Invention

the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a novel method for extracting soybean oil.

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

The method comprises the following steps:

Grinding peeled soybeans and deionized water at 80 ℃ to obtain a pulp-residue mixture;

step two, heating the pulp-residue mixture to 50 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic pretreatment, and separating pulp and residue to obtain raw soybean milk;

adding a certain amount of surfactant into the raw soybean milk, extracting in a horizontal oscillator, and balancing to obtain a slurry;

And step four, performing centrifugal separation on the slurry to obtain a product, namely the soybean oil.

Further limiting, the mass ratio of the soybeans to the deionized water in the step one is 1: 6.

Further limiting, in the second step, the ultrasonic power is 30w-150w, and the ultrasonic time is 5min-15 min; preferably: the ultrasonic power is 65W, and the ultrasonic time is 10 min.

Further defined, the surfactant in step three was polypropylene oxide (90 wt%), dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride (10 wt%).

Further limiting, the feed-liquid ratio of the surfactant to the raw soybean milk in the third step is as follows: 1 (1-6); preferably: 1:3.

Further, the rotation speed of the horizontal oscillator in the third step is 300rpm, and the balance time is 30 min.

Further limit, the centrifugal speed in the fourth step is 4500r/min, the centrifugal time is 10 min.

the method applies ultrasonic pretreatment to the extraction of the soybean oil and fat, and is matched with the synergistic effect of adding the surfactant, so that the production safety is improved, the environmental pollution is reduced, the extraction rate of the oil and fat can be improved, the method has remarkable advantages as a novel 'green and environment-friendly' technology, and the extraction rate of the soybean oil and fat can reach 94.56%.

Detailed Description

the first embodiment is as follows: in this embodiment, the method for extracting soybean oil by using the ultrasonic pretreatment solvent method is performed according to the following steps:

Grinding peeled soybeans and deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:6 at 80 ℃ to obtain a pulp-residue mixture;

Step two, heating the pulp-residue mixture to 50 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic pretreatment, wherein the ultrasonic power is 65W, the ultrasonic time is 10min, and separating pulp and residue to obtain raw soybean milk;

step three, adding a surfactant into the raw soybean milk in a mass ratio of 1: 3; then oscillating in a horizontal oscillator at 300rpm, and obtaining slurry after balancing for 10 min;

step four, centrifuging the slurry for 10min at the rotating speed of 4500r/min to obtain a product, namely the soybean oil;

The extraction rate of the soybean oil and fat of the method can reach 94.56%.

Comparative example 1: the difference from the first specific implementation method is that in the second step, the ultrasonic power is 50w, and the ultrasonic time is 10 min. Other steps and parameters are the same as those of the first embodiment.

the extraction rate of the grease of the method of the comparative example 1 can reach 88.48 percent.

Comparative example 2: the difference from the specific implementation method is that in the third step, the mass ratio of the surfactant to the raw soybean milk is 1: 6. Other steps and parameters are the same as those of the first embodiment.

The extraction rate of the grease by the method of the comparative example 2 can reach 90.32 percent.

Claims

1. A method for extracting soybean oil by an ultrasonic pretreatment solvent method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

Adding a certain amount of surfactant into the raw soybean milk, oscillating in a horizontal oscillator, and balancing to obtain a slurry;

2. The extraction process of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the dehulled soybeans to the deionized water in step one is 1: 6.

3. the extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic power in step two is 30w-150w, and the ultrasonic time is 5min-15 min.

4. the extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic power in step two is 65W, and the ultrasonic time is 10 min.

5. the extraction process according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant in step three is polypropylene oxide (90 wt%), dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (10 wt%).

6. The extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the surfactant to the raw soybean milk in the third step is: 1:(1-6).

7. the extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the surfactant to the raw soybean milk in the third step is: 1:3.

8. The extraction method according to claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the horizontal oscillator in the third step is 300rpm, and the equilibration time is 30 min.

9. the extraction process according to claim 1, wherein the centrifugation speed in step four is 4500r/min, and the centrifugation time is 10 min.