CN110562172B - Power supply device and method and vehicle power supply system - Google Patents
Power supply device and method and vehicle power supply system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110562172B CN110562172B CN201910889003.8A CN201910889003A CN110562172B CN 110562172 B CN110562172 B CN 110562172B CN 201910889003 A CN201910889003 A CN 201910889003A CN 110562172 B CN110562172 B CN 110562172B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
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Abstract
The invention provides a power supply device, a power supply method and a vehicle power supply system, wherein the power supply device comprises a microcontroller and a power supply switching circuit, wherein the microcontroller is used for turning off a control power supply when a main power supply supplies power to vehicle-mounted equipment; the power supply switching circuit is used for switching on a power supply loop between the main power supply and the microcontroller when the control power supply is switched off so as to enable the main power supply to supply power to the microcontroller.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vehicle power supply management, in particular to a power supply device, a power supply method and a vehicle power supply system.
Background
The vehicle-mounted monitoring equipment is equipment for taking electricity from a vehicle storage battery, adjusting the working state of the vehicle (such as startup and shutdown, emergency video recording and the like) according to the running state of the vehicle and realizing acousto-optic monitoring of the running state and the conditions inside and outside the vehicle, such as a vehicle-mounted hard disk video recorder, a vehicle-mounted camera and the like. The vehicle-mounted monitoring equipment is also an indispensable equipment on the current road automobiles, particularly vehicles with two passengers and one danger (buses, coaches and dangerous goods transport vehicles), and all countries have corresponding laws, specifications and the like to clearly meet the installation requirements of the vehicle-mounted monitoring equipment.
The vehicle-mounted monitoring equipment needs to take electricity from a vehicle storage battery, cannot influence the normal operation of the vehicle, and cannot excessively consume the electric quantity of the vehicle storage battery, so that power management is necessary on the vehicle-mounted monitoring equipment, and the conventional vehicle-mounted monitoring equipment with the power management generally adopts a topology and a power management mode as shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1, the power simplified topology contains three components: the main power supply generally refers to a main power supply for supplying power to the vehicle-mounted monitoring equipment and is used for supplying power to most power peripheral equipment of the vehicle-mounted monitoring equipment; the Standby power supply is a power supply existing in the whole running state of the vehicle and is mainly used for supplying power to a low-power-consumption microcontroller (hereinafter referred to as a microcontroller); the microcontroller is a controller that detects various status signals of the vehicle through various sensors, acquires the running status of the vehicle, and enables and shuts off a high-power main power supply and a rear-stage power peripheral device to realize power management according to a program setting logic (the power peripheral device mainly refers to necessary power peripheral devices such as a camera, a hard disk and a wireless module in a vehicle-mounted monitoring system).
The power supply environment of the automobile is very complex, the power supply for the vehicle-mounted monitoring equipment is fluctuated due to the fact that the automobile battery supplies power (usually, a plurality of power supply interferences exist, the battery Load changes, the relay switch, the Load dump and the like can cause the power supply for supplying power to the vehicle-mounted monitoring equipment), and the special ISO7637-2 test standard is also internationally used for measuring the noise immunity of electronic equipment used for road automobiles and conducted along a power line.
The power management scheme of the vehicle-mounted monitoring equipment in the related art has the following disadvantages: based on consideration of noise immunity, both a main power supply and a Standby power supply need corresponding filtering and protection designs, and most of the filtering and protection designs on the two sides cannot be shared; the main power supply and Standby power supply scheme needs to select an automobile-grade (or equivalent) power supply scheme (compared with the common industrial-grade scheme, the automobile-grade power supply scheme generally has higher voltage resistance and stronger noise immunity, and is higher in reliability) and expensive; the practical application of the main power supply and the Standby power supply needs independent design and verification, and the design and verification workload is increased. There is no power management scheme that can solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a power supply device, a power supply method and a vehicle power supply system, which are used for at least solving the problem of complex vehicle power supply management scheme in the related technology.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a power supply device including a main power supply, a control power supply, and a microcontroller, and characterized by further including:
a power switching circuit; the input end of the power supply switching circuit is respectively connected with the first output end of the main power supply and the output end of the control power supply, the output end of the power supply switching circuit is connected with the input end of the microcontroller, and the second output end of the main power supply is connected with the input end of the vehicle-mounted equipment;
the microcontroller is used for turning off the control power supply when the main power supply supplies power to the vehicle-mounted equipment;
the power supply switching circuit is used for conducting a power supply loop between the main power supply and the microcontroller when the control power supply is turned off so as to enable the main power supply to supply power to the microcontroller.
Optionally, the microcontroller is further configured to enable the main power supply when the vehicle-mounted device is started, so that the main power supply supplies power to the vehicle-mounted device.
Optionally, the microcontroller is further configured to turn off the main power supply after the vehicle-mounted device is turned off; the power supply switching circuit is further configured to switch on a power supply loop between the control power supply and the microcontroller when the main power supply is turned off, so that the control power supply supplies power to the microcontroller.
Optionally, the microcontroller is further configured to enable the control power supply before the main power supply is turned off.
Optionally, the power switching circuit includes: the power supply comprises a first branch circuit and a second branch circuit which are connected in parallel, wherein the first branch circuit and the second branch circuit are respectively connected with a one-way conduction component in series, the input end of the first branch circuit is connected with the first output end of the main power supply, and the input end of the second branch circuit is connected with the output end of the control power supply.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and the filter protection circuit is connected with the main power supply and used for protecting the main power supply.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a power supply method including:
when the main power supply supplies power to the vehicle-mounted equipment, the control power supply is turned off by the microcontroller;
and when the control power supply is turned off, conducting a power supply loop between the main power supply and the microcontroller by using the power supply switching circuit so that the main power supply supplies power to the microcontroller.
Optionally, the method further comprises: enabling the main power supply by using the microcontroller when the vehicle-mounted equipment is started so that the main power supply supplies power to the vehicle-mounted equipment.
Optionally, the method further comprises: after the vehicle-mounted equipment is shut down, the main power supply is closed by using the microcontroller; and when the main power supply is turned off, conducting a power supply loop between the control power supply and the microcontroller by using the power supply switching circuit so that the control power supply supplies power to the microcontroller.
Optionally, the method further comprises: enabling the control power supply with the microcontroller prior to turning off the main power supply.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and protecting the main power supply filter protection circuit by using a filter circuit, wherein the filter circuit is connected with the main power supply and is used for protecting the main power supply.
According to still another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle power supply system including the power supply device of any one of the above.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the power supply is controlled to cut off the power supply to the microcontroller under the condition that the main power supply is used for supplying power to the vehicle-mounted equipment, and the main power supply supplies power to the microcontroller through the power supply switching circuit, so that only one power supply supplies power to the vehicle-mounted equipment and the microcontroller when the vehicle-mounted equipment works, an anti-interference scheme only needs to be designed for one power supply, the power supply scheme can be simplified, the design cost can be reduced, the equipment fault points can be reduced, and the equipment reliability can be improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a related art in-vehicle power supply topology;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a configuration of a power supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of supplying power according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an in-vehicle power supply topology according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an in-vehicle power supply topology according to another alternative embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a power switching circuit according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flowchart of an in-vehicle device start-up according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a vehicle device shutdown according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a power supply device which can be used for supplying power to a vehicle. Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the power supply device includes a main power supply 21, a control power supply 23, a microcontroller 25, and further includes:
a power supply switching circuit 24; the input end of the power supply switching circuit is respectively connected with the first output end of the main power supply and the output end of the control power supply, the output end of the power supply switching circuit is connected with the input end of the microcontroller, and the second output end of the main power supply is connected with the input end of the vehicle-mounted equipment 22;
a microcontroller 25 for turning off the control power supply 23 when the main power supply supplies power to the in-vehicle apparatus 22;
and the power supply switching circuit is used for conducting a power supply loop between the main power supply and the microcontroller when the control power supply is turned off so that the main power supply supplies power to the microcontroller.
According to the embodiment of the invention, under the condition that the main power supply is used for supplying power to the vehicle-mounted equipment, the power supply is controlled to cut off the power supply to the microcontroller, and the main power supply supplies power to the microcontroller through the power supply switching circuit, so that only one power supply supplies power to the vehicle-mounted equipment and the microcontroller when the vehicle-mounted equipment works, and only an anti-interference scheme needs to be designed for one power supply, so that the power supply scheme can be simplified, the design cost can be reduced, the equipment fault points can be reduced, and the equipment reliability can be improved. For example, the filter protection circuit may be provided only for the main power supply, and the filter protection circuit may not be provided at the control power supply.
It should be noted that, since the operating state of the vehicle may affect different power requirements or different power utilization states of different devices on the vehicle, different operating states of the vehicle, such as running or stopping, may cause the power switching circuit to switch the main power supply or the control power supply.
In one embodiment, the microcontroller is further configured to enable the main power source to supply power to the in-vehicle device when the in-vehicle device is started.
It should be noted that, since the in-vehicle device is generally supplied with power from a battery by the main power supply, the main power supply should be enabled when the in-vehicle device is started.
In one embodiment, the microcontroller is further configured to turn off the main power supply after the vehicle-mounted device is turned off; and the power supply switching circuit is also used for conducting a power supply loop between the control power supply and the microcontroller when the main power supply is turned off so that the control power supply supplies power to the microcontroller.
It should be noted that, in general, a vehicle-mounted device, such as a vehicle-mounted monitoring system, needs to have a low-power wake-up function, that is, in a parking state, the vehicle-mounted device can be turned on according to external environmental changes (such as collision, vibration, etc.) to perform an emergency monitoring video, so that it is necessary and important that the vehicle monitoring system has a low-power mode. After the vehicle-mounted equipment is shut down, the microcontroller is powered on, so that the vehicle-mounted equipment can be kept in a low-power-consumption standby state, and the vehicle-mounted equipment can be started under special conditions. In addition, the main power supply is turned off, the power consumption of the whole vehicle-mounted equipment can be effectively reduced by supplying power to the microcontroller through the control power supply, the consumption of the power supply of the automobile storage battery is reduced, and the fault possibly caused by the over-discharge of the automobile storage battery is avoided.
In one embodiment, the microcontroller is further configured to enable the control power supply before the main power supply is turned off.
It should be noted that the microcontroller may enable the control power supply before or after the shutdown of the vehicle-mounted device, and the present scheme does not limit the specific time, as long as it can ensure that the control power supply supplies power to the microcontroller after the main power supply is turned off. In addition, it should be noted that, in an alternative embodiment, the shutdown of the vehicle-mounted device is related to the running state of the vehicle, and the vehicle-mounted device is only shut down when the vehicle stops running.
In one embodiment, a power switching circuit includes: the power supply comprises a first branch circuit and a second branch circuit which are connected in parallel, wherein the first branch circuit and the second branch circuit are respectively connected with a one-way conduction component in series, the input end of the first branch circuit is connected with the first output end of the main power supply, and the input end of the second branch circuit is connected with the output end of the control power supply.
It should be noted that the power switching circuit in this embodiment may be an or operation circuit, and may include branches capable of independently turning on a power supply, and when the power supply connected to one of the branches is turned off, the power supply connected to the other branch may supply power to the device to be powered.
In one embodiment, further comprising: and the filter protection circuit is connected with the main power supply and used for protecting the main power supply.
It should be noted that, in general, when the vehicle engine works, the main power supply works, and the vehicle power supply interference generally only exists in the vehicle running process, and no power supply interference occurs in general when the engine is stopped. Therefore, the filter protection circuit is arranged for the main power supply, so that the power supply interference can be effectively reduced, and the filter protection circuit is not required to be arranged at the power supply control position.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a power supply method which is applied to any one of the power supply devices. Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a power supply method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the power supply method includes:
step S302, when the main power supply supplies power to the vehicle-mounted equipment, the microcontroller is used for closing the control power supply;
and step S304, when the control power supply is turned off, conducting a power supply loop between the main power supply and the microcontroller by using the power supply switching circuit so that the main power supply supplies power to the microcontroller.
According to the embodiment of the invention, under the condition that the main power supply is used for supplying power to the vehicle-mounted equipment, the power supply is controlled to cut off the power supply to the microcontroller, and the main power supply supplies power to the microcontroller through the power supply switching circuit, so that only one power supply supplies power to the vehicle-mounted equipment and the microcontroller when the vehicle-mounted equipment works, and only an anti-interference scheme needs to be designed for one power supply, so that the power supply scheme can be simplified, the design cost can be reduced, the equipment fault points can be reduced, and the equipment reliability can be improved.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: when the vehicle-mounted equipment is started, the main power supply is enabled by the microcontroller so as to supply power to the vehicle-mounted equipment.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: after the vehicle-mounted equipment is shut down, the main power supply is closed by using the microcontroller; when the main power supply is turned off, a power supply loop between the control power supply and the microcontroller is conducted by using the power supply switching circuit, so that the control power supply supplies power to the microcontroller.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: the control power supply is enabled with the microcontroller before the main power supply is turned off.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: and a filter circuit is used for protecting the main power supply filter protection circuit, wherein the filter circuit is connected with the main power supply and is used for protecting the main power supply.
The invention also provides a vehicle power supply system which comprises any one of the power supply devices.
To further explain the present invention, the following description is made in conjunction with specific scenarios:
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a vehicle-mounted power supply topology structure according to an optional embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the circuit structure topology proposed in the embodiment of the present invention to solve the power management scheme defect in the related art and improve the noise immunity of the vehicle-mounted power supply system is composed of four modules, which are respectively a main power supply (equivalent to the main power supply in the above-mentioned embodiment), a Standby power supply (equivalent to the control power supply in the above-mentioned embodiment), an Oring unit (equivalent to the power switching circuit in the above-mentioned embodiment), and a microcontroller. The main power supply and the Standby power supply power to the MCU through an Oring circuit, and the MCU controls the power supply to enable according to the control logic. The automobile power supply interference generally only exists in the automobile running process, and the power supply interference generally cannot occur under the condition that an engine is stopped.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a vehicle power supply topology according to another alternative embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 5, the vehicle power supply topology further includes a filter protection circuit, and the filter protection circuit is connected in series between the battery and the main power supply and is used for protecting the main power supply.
The Oring unit realizes OR operation on power supply, and can independently maintain the MCU power supply by any power supply of the main power supply and the Standby power supply in the figure. Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a power switching circuit according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 6 illustrates a simple Oring cell implementation principle and function: fig. 6 uses two power supplies, namely +5V _ MAIN and +5V _ STB, to connect to the power receiving end of the microcontroller through a diode, because of the forward conduction characteristic of the diode, both power supplies can independently supply power to the microcontroller (the power supply with high voltage when both power supplies exist), because of the reverse cut-off characteristic of the diode, when one power supply is powered down, the other power supply does not flow back to the other power supply while maintaining the normal power supply of the microcontroller. If no Oring circuit exists in the circuit, two power supplies are directly connected together, so that two power supplies cannot be distinguished (independent loads cannot be distinguished), and a power supply chip is damaged due to backward flow.
As shown in fig. 4, the embodiment of the present invention adds enable control to a Standby power supply, and a detailed description will be given to a specific working flow of the present solution, fig. 7 is a flow chart of starting a vehicle-mounted device according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 7, a power supply power-on and switching logic flow when the device is operating is described as follows:
s1, enabling the Standby power supply under the condition that the automobile battery power supply can normally supply power;
s2, the car transmitter is started (indicated by ACC high on the electrical signal);
s3, detecting that the running state of the automobile meets the starting condition of the vehicle-mounted monitoring equipment by the MCU, and enabling a main power supply;
s4, after the main power supply works normally, the MCU turns off the standby power supply (at the moment, the MCU supplies power to use the main power supply);
and S5, the equipment operates normally.
Because the Standby power supply is turned off, the power supply interference in the running process of the automobile can be only applied to the main power supply part circuit, the Standby power supply part only needs to meet the wide-voltage operation, and the requirement on the noise immunity can be basically ignored. The power switching and control logic flow chart is shown in fig. 8 as follows when the automobile engine stops running, and fig. 8 is a flow chart of the vehicle-mounted equipment shut-off according to the alternative embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 8:
s1, stopping the operation of the automobile engine (shown by ACC being low on the electric signal);
s2, after the MCU detects that the ACC is low, the Standby power supply is enabled;
s3, after the vehicle-mounted monitoring equipment is shut down according to the normal shutdown process, the main power supply is shut down; (who closed)
S4, the equipment enters low power consumption operation and enters a standby state;
and S5, when the automobile enters a low-power-consumption running state, the power supply is switched to the Standby power supply, so that the overall power consumption of the vehicle-mounted monitoring equipment can be effectively reduced, and the shutdown time of the equipment is prolonged.
The technical effects of the embodiment of the invention are as follows:
the power management topology is optimized, one filtering and protection design can be saved by controlling the switching of the power supply (a Standby power supply can save part of filtering and protection circuits), and a non-vehicle-specification scheme can be selected as the Standby power supply scheme, so that the design and material cost is reduced; two possible fault points are reduced to one, and the overall noise immunity of the equipment is improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A power supply device comprises a main power supply, a control power supply and a microcontroller, and is characterized by further comprising:
the input end of the power supply switching circuit is respectively connected with the first output end of the main power supply and the output end of the control power supply, the output end of the power supply switching circuit is connected with the input end of the microcontroller, and the second output end of the main power supply is connected with the input end of the vehicle-mounted equipment;
the microcontroller is used for turning off the control power supply when the main power supply supplies power to the vehicle-mounted equipment;
the power supply switching circuit is used for conducting a power supply loop between the main power supply and the microcontroller when the control power supply is turned off so as to enable the main power supply to supply power to the microcontroller.
2. The power supply device according to claim 1, further comprising:
the microcontroller is further used for enabling the main power supply when the vehicle-mounted equipment is started so that the main power supply can supply power to the vehicle-mounted equipment.
3. The power supply device according to claim 1, further comprising:
the microcontroller is further used for turning off the main power supply after the vehicle-mounted equipment is turned off;
the power supply switching circuit is further configured to switch on a power supply loop between the control power supply and the microcontroller when the main power supply is turned off, so that the control power supply supplies power to the microcontroller.
4. The power supply device according to claim 3, further comprising:
the microcontroller is further configured to enable the control power supply prior to turning off the main power supply.
5. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the power supply switching circuit includes: the power supply comprises a first branch circuit and a second branch circuit which are connected in parallel, wherein the first branch circuit and the second branch circuit are respectively connected with a one-way conduction component in series, the input end of the first branch circuit is connected with the first output end of the main power supply, and the input end of the second branch circuit is connected with the output end of the control power supply.
6. The power supply device according to claim 1, further comprising: and the filter protection circuit is connected with the main power supply and is used for protecting the main power supply.
7. A power supply method applied to the power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
when the main power supply supplies power to the vehicle-mounted equipment, the control power supply is turned off by the microcontroller;
and when the control power supply is turned off, conducting a power supply loop between the main power supply and the microcontroller by using the power supply switching circuit so that the main power supply supplies power to the microcontroller.
8. The power supply method according to claim 7, further comprising:
enabling the main power supply by using the microcontroller when the vehicle-mounted equipment is started so that the main power supply supplies power to the vehicle-mounted equipment.
9. The power supply method according to claim 7, further comprising:
after the vehicle-mounted equipment is shut down, the main power supply is closed by using the microcontroller;
and when the main power supply is turned off, conducting a power supply loop between the control power supply and the microcontroller by using the power supply switching circuit so that the control power supply supplies power to the microcontroller.
10. The power supply method according to claim 9, further comprising:
enabling the control power supply with the microcontroller prior to turning off the main power supply.
11. The power supply method according to claim 7, further comprising: and protecting the main power supply by using a filter protection circuit, wherein the filter protection circuit is connected with the main power supply.
12. A vehicle power supply system characterized by comprising the power supply device of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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| CN201910889003.8A CN110562172B (en) | 2019-09-19 | 2019-09-19 | Power supply device and method and vehicle power supply system |
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| WO2018116741A1 (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-28 | 株式会社デンソー | Power supply system |
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| JP2011162147A (en) * | 2010-02-15 | 2011-08-25 | Autonetworks Technologies Ltd | Vehicular power source supply device and vehicular control device |
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