CN110641284B - Power battery safety monitoring and low-voltage power management system for electric automobile - Google Patents
Power battery safety monitoring and low-voltage power management system for electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN110641284B CN110641284B CN201911134703.2A CN201911134703A CN110641284B CN 110641284 B CN110641284 B CN 110641284B CN 201911134703 A CN201911134703 A CN 201911134703A CN 110641284 B CN110641284 B CN 110641284B
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- HEZMWWAKWCSUCB-PHDIDXHHSA-N (3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H]1C=CC(C(O)=O)=C[C@H]1O HEZMWWAKWCSUCB-PHDIDXHHSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012106 screening analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
- H04L41/069—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using logs of notifications; Post-processing of notifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/50—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wire-line communication networks, e.g. low power modes or reduced link rate
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a power battery safety monitoring and low-voltage power management system of an electric automobile, which relates to the technical field of automobiles, the battery management system monitors vehicle state information, mainly including a high-voltage state in the high-voltage box and a power battery pack state in real time or intermittently. Whether the vehicle is in a running state or not, the DCDC converter only outputs power supply, so that the vehicle state including but not limited to a battery management system, a vehicle-mounted monitoring unit and a whole vehicle controller can be monitored on line, monitoring data are transmitted to a remote monitoring platform, and the platform is used for data monitoring and accident early warning, so that the vehicle is monitored off line, and the reliability and safety of monitoring are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a power battery safety monitoring and low-voltage power management system of an electric automobile.
Background
In recent years, spontaneous combustion events of electric automobiles are frequent, and most of the events are caused by power batteries, so that the safety of the power batteries is of great concern. In order to ensure the safety of vehicles and meet the national monitoring requirements on new energy vehicles, the existing mode is to arrange a vehicle-mounted monitoring system on the vehicles, monitor the running state information of the vehicles and upload vehicle monitoring data to an enterprise remote monitoring platform by combining the technology of the internet of vehicles, and the platform can monitor and early warn accidents. The main problems of the technology in practical use are as follows: (1) After the vehicle is stopped, the battery management system enters a dormant or power-off state, and the remote monitoring platform cannot acquire the state information of the power battery and identify potential fault risks to perform accident pre-warning; (2) For safety, when a vehicle is parked or needs to be stored for a long time, a hand brake switch is usually used for closing a vehicle-mounted 24V power supply, at the moment, a whole vehicle low-voltage system is in a power-off state, and a remote monitoring platform cannot monitor the state of the vehicle and identify potential fault risks to perform accident early warning. Therefore, the prior art can only realize the monitoring of the running state and the accident pre-warning, has the monitoring blind area and has poor reliability and safety.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above problems, the invention provides a low-voltage power management system for safety monitoring of an electric automobile power battery, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The low-voltage power management system for safety monitoring of the power battery of the electric automobile comprises a vehicle-mounted monitoring unit, a battery management system, a power battery pack, a high-voltage box, a DCDC converter and a control unit, wherein the power battery pack, the high-voltage box and the DCDC converter are sequentially connected;
When the vehicle is in a stop state, the DCDC converter outputs a wake-up signal to the battery management system, and the power battery pack is converted into a high-voltage power supply to be powered to the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit and the battery management system through the control unit, the battery management system obtains vehicle state information, and the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit sends the vehicle state information to the remote monitoring platform. The vehicle state information mainly includes a high-voltage state in the high-voltage box and a power battery pack state.
Further, the DCDC converter is provided with a built-in RTC; when the battery management system monitors that the state of the battery system is fault-free for a period of time, the battery management system enters a dormant state, and sends the automatic output time at the next moment to the DCDC converter in a CAN communication mode, the DCDC converter stops outputting power supply and does not output a wake-up signal to the battery management system, and meanwhile, the DCDC converter starts to count down automatically through a built-in RTC; when the countdown is over, the DCDC converter outputs power and a wake-up signal to the battery management system.
Further, when the high-voltage box is connected with the off-board charger, namely, when the vehicle is in a charging state, the DCDC converter outputs a wake-up signal to the battery management system, and the off-board charger is used as a power supply to supply power to the on-board monitoring unit and the battery management system through the control unit.
Further, the vehicle-mounted storage battery is further included, when the vehicle is in a running state, the DCDC converter does not output power supply, and the vehicle-mounted storage battery is used as a power supply to supply power to the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit and the battery management system through the control unit.
Further, the system also comprises a whole vehicle controller; when the vehicle is in a stop state, the control unit enables the power battery pack to serve as a power supply to supply power to the whole vehicle controller; when the vehicle is in a charging state, the control unit enables the off-board charger to be used as a power supply to supply power to the whole vehicle controller; when the vehicle is in a running state, the vehicle-mounted storage battery is used as a power supply to supply power to the whole vehicle controller through the control unit.
Further, the control unit comprises a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch and a fifth switch, wherein the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch and the fifth switch comprise coils, normally closed contacts and normally open contacts;
One end of the second switch normally-closed contact is connected with one end of the second switch normally-open contact to form a first node, and the power supply positive electrode input ends of the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit and the whole vehicle controller are connected with the first node;
the other end of the second switch normally-closed contact is connected with the positive electrode output end of the power supply of the vehicle-mounted storage battery and one end of a third switch normally-open contact, the other end of the third switch normally-open contact is connected with one end of a fifth switch coil and one end of a fourth switch Guan Changbi contact, and the third switch coil is connected with the HSD signal output end of the vehicle controller;
The other end of the second switch normally-open contact and the second switch coil are connected with one end of a fifth switch normally-closed contact, and the other end of the fifth switch normally-closed contact is connected with the positive output end of the power supply of the DCDC converter, one end of the fourth switch normally-open contact and the fourth switch coil;
The other end of the fourth switch normally open contact is connected with the other end of the fourth switch Guan Changbi contact to form a second node, and the second node is connected with the positive input end of a power supply of the battery management system;
and the DCDC converter and the power supply negative electrode output end of the vehicle-mounted storage battery are connected with the battery management system, the whole vehicle controller and the power supply negative electrode input end of the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit.
Further, a hand brake switch is arranged between the other end of the normally closed contact of the second switch and the positive input end of the power supply of the vehicle-mounted storage battery.
Further, the DCDC converter, the battery management system and the whole vehicle controller are connected with key signals, and the DCDC converter and the battery management system are connected with auxiliary power signals of the non-vehicle-mounted charger; the output end of the forbidden output enable signal of the battery management system is connected with the DCDC converter; the wake-up signal output end of the DCDC converter is connected to the battery management system.
Further, when the battery management system detects the key signal, the battery management system immediately starts and outputs a prohibition output enabling signal to prohibit the DCDC converter from outputting power supply; the DCDC converter detects the key signal synchronously, the DCDC converter does not output power and does not output a wake-up signal to the battery management system.
Furthermore, the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit, the whole vehicle controller and the battery management system are respectively provided with a capacitor between the positive input end and the negative input end of the power supply, and the capacitors are used for protecting the power failure problem caused by the short-time suspension state in the switching process of the contacts of each switch.
As can be seen from the above description of the structure of the present invention, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
In the first aspect of the invention, the battery management system monitors vehicle state information, mainly including a high-voltage state in the high-voltage box and a power battery pack state, in real time or intermittently. Whether the vehicle is in a running state or not, the DCDC converter only outputs power supply, so that the vehicle state including but not limited to a battery management system, a vehicle-mounted monitoring unit and a whole vehicle controller can be monitored on line, monitoring data are transmitted to a remote monitoring platform, and the platform is used for data monitoring and accident early warning, so that the vehicle is monitored off line, and the reliability and safety of monitoring are improved.
Secondly, the invention establishes a complete low-voltage power management system by adding the low-power DCDC converter and the competitive power supply switch, and has the following advantages: (1) The method solves the monitoring blind area, realizes the full monitoring of operation and non-operation, and improves the reliability of monitoring and the safety of vehicles; (2) Static automatic equalization of the power battery is realized, charging equalization time is shortened, SOC accuracy is improved, normal operation of a vehicle is ensured, and service life of the battery is provided; (3) charging systems compatible with different auxiliary power supply specifications.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system block diagram of the present invention. Wherein,
。
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of an anti-reflection circuit for replacing the fourth switch in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes the implementation of the embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a power battery safety monitoring and low-voltage power management system of an electric automobile comprises a vehicle-mounted monitoring unit, a battery management system, a power battery pack, a high-voltage box, a whole vehicle controller, a DCDC converter and a control unit.
The power battery pack, the high-voltage box and the DCDC converter are sequentially connected. The DCDC converter is provided with a built-in RTC.
The whole vehicle controller, the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit, the battery management system and the DCDC converter are mutually connected and communicated through a CAD bus.
The battery management system monitors battery system status information in real time. The battery system state information mainly comprises a high-voltage state in a high-voltage box and a power battery pack state.
The vehicle controller, the battery management system and the DCDC converter are all connected with key signals of a vehicle.
The battery management system and the DCDC converter are both connected with auxiliary power signals of the off-vehicle charger.
The output end of the forbidden output enable signal of the battery management system is connected with the DCDC converter; the wake-up signal output of the DCDC converter is connected to the battery management system.
Specifically, the control unit includes a hand brake switch S1, a second switch S2, a third switch S3, a fourth switch S4, and a fifth switch S5. The second switch S2, the third switch S3, the fourth switch S4 and the fifth switch S5 each include a coil, a normally closed contact and a normally open contact. The connection relation of the control unit and other components is specifically as follows:
The DCDC converter and the power supply negative electrode output end of the vehicle-mounted storage battery are connected with the battery management system, the vehicle control unit and the power supply negative electrode input end of the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit. The output end of the forbidden output enable signal of the battery management system is connected with the DCDC converter; the wake-up signal output end of the DCDC converter is connected to the battery management system.
One end of the normally-closed contact of the second switch is connected with one end of the normally-open contact of the second switch to form a first node, and the power supply positive electrode input ends of the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit and the whole vehicle controller are connected to the first node.
The other end of the second switch normally-closed contact is connected with the positive output end of the power supply of the vehicle-mounted storage battery and one end of the third switch normally-open contact, the other end of the third switch normally-open contact is connected with one ends of the fifth switch coil and the fourth switch Guan Changbi contact, and the third switch coil is connected with the HSD signal output end of the vehicle controller.
The other end of the second switch normally-open contact and the second switch coil are both connected with one end of a fifth switch normally-closed contact, and the other end of the fifth switch normally-closed contact is connected with the positive output end of the power supply of the DCDC converter, one end of the fourth switch normally-open contact and the fourth switch coil.
The other end of the fourth switch normally open contact is connected with the other end of the fourth switch Guan Changbi contact to form a second node, and the second node is connected to the positive power input end of the battery management system.
The operation mode and principle of the power battery safety monitoring and power management system of the electric automobile are as follows:
Judging the state of the vehicle by the low-voltage power management system, and executing the second step when the vehicle is in a stop state; when the vehicle is in a charging state (namely, the off-board charger is connected to the high-voltage box), executing the third step; and when the vehicle is in a running state, executing the fourth step. The low-voltage power management system judges the state of the vehicle through the DCDC converter, the whole vehicle controller and whether the battery management system receives a key signal and an auxiliary power signal.
And secondly, when the vehicle is in a stop state, the DCDC converter outputs a wake-up signal to the battery management system, and the power battery pack is converted into a power supply to be powered to the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit, the battery management system and the whole vehicle controller from high voltage to low voltage through the control unit, the battery management system obtains a high-voltage state in the high-voltage box and a power battery pack state, and the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit sends the high-voltage state in the high-voltage box and the power battery pack state to the remote monitoring platform. Specifically, the method can be divided into the following two alternative modes:
1. Permanent online mode: the DCDC converter outputs a wake-up signal to the battery management system, and the power battery pack is converted into a power supply with high voltage and low voltage to be continuously supplied to the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit, the battery management system and the whole vehicle controller through the control unit; the battery management system acquires the high-voltage state in the high-voltage box and the power battery pack state, and the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit sends the high-voltage state in the high-voltage box and the power battery pack state to the remote monitoring platform.
2 Discontinuous on-line mode: the DCDC converter outputs a wake-up signal to the battery management system, and the power battery pack is used as a power supply to supply power to the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit, the battery management system and the whole vehicle controller through the control unit; the battery management system acquires the high-voltage state in the high-voltage box and the power battery pack state, and the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit sends the high-voltage state in the high-voltage box and the power battery pack state to the remote monitoring platform. When the battery management system monitors that the state of the battery system is fault-free for a period of time, the battery management system enters a dormant state, and sends the automatic output time at the next moment to the DCDC converter in a CAN communication mode, the DCDC converter stops outputting power supply and does not output a wake-up signal to the battery management system, and meanwhile, the DCDC converter starts to count down automatically through a built-in RTC; when the countdown is finished, the DCDC converter outputs power supply again and outputs a wake-up signal to the battery management system, and the high-voltage state and the power battery pack state in the high-voltage box are acquired again and are circulated repeatedly.
The specific actions of the control unit and other components are as follows: when the vehicle is in a stop state, no matter what state the hand brake switch S1 is, the DCDC converter cannot detect a key signal and an auxiliary power supply signal of the non-vehicle-mounted charger, power is output and a wake-up signal is output to the battery management system, the coils of the second switch S2 and the fourth switch S4 are powered, the whole vehicle controller does not output an HSD signal, the coil of the fifth switch S5 is powered down, the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit and the whole vehicle controller take power from the DCDC converter through a normally open contact of the switch S2, the battery management system takes power from the DCDC converter through a normally open contact of the fourth switch S4 and wakes up, and the battery management system does not output prohibition enabling. In addition, the DCDC converter is divided into two power supply modes for a battery management system, a vehicle-mounted monitoring unit and a whole vehicle controller: permanent power and intermittent power, i.e., the permanent online mode and intermittent online mode described above. Therefore, this detailed description will not be repeated here.
Step three, when the vehicle is in a charging state, the DCDC converter outputs a wake-up signal to the battery management system, and the control unit enables the non-vehicle-mounted charger to serve as a power supply to supply power to the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit, the battery management system and the whole vehicle controller; the battery management system acquires the high-voltage state in the high-voltage box and the power battery pack state, and the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit sends the high-voltage state in the high-voltage box and the power battery pack state to the remote monitoring platform.
The specific actions of the control unit and other components are as follows: when the vehicle is in a charging state, no matter what state the hand brake switch S1 is, the DCDC converter detects an auxiliary power supply signal output by the off-board charger, the off-board charger is used as a power supply, the DCDC converter outputs power supply, and a wake-up signal is output to the battery management system; the coils of the second switch S2 and the fourth switch S4 are powered; the whole vehicle controller does not output an HSD signal, a coil of the fifth switch S5 is powered off, the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit and the whole vehicle controller take power from the DCDC converter through the normally open contacts of the fifth switch S5 and the second switch S2, the battery management system takes power from the DCDC converter through the normally open contact of the fourth switch S4 and wakes up, the battery management system synchronously detects an auxiliary power supply signal output by the non-vehicle-mounted charger, enters a charging mode, and an enabling prohibition signal is not output.
Step four, when the vehicle is in a running state, the DCDC converter does not output power supply, and the vehicle-mounted storage battery is used as a power supply to supply power to the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit, the battery management system and the vehicle controller through the control unit; the battery management system acquires the high-voltage state in the high-voltage box and the power battery pack state, and the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit sends the high-voltage state in the high-voltage box and the power battery pack state to the remote monitoring platform.
The specific actions of the control unit and other components are as follows: when the vehicle is in a running state, when the hand brake switch S1 is in a closed state and the whole vehicle controller detects that a key signal exists, the whole vehicle controller outputs an HSD signal, so that a coil of the third switch S3 is powered on, and the third switch S3 is closed. After the battery management system synchronously detects the key signal, the battery management system outputs an output prohibition enabling signal to the DCDC converter to prohibit the DCDC converter from outputting. The DCDC converter synchronously detects the key signal, the DCDC converter does not output power supply and does not output a wake-up signal to the battery management system, and the coil of the fourth switch S4 is powered off and is in a normally closed state. The battery management system takes electricity from the vehicle-mounted storage battery through normally closed contacts of the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4. Meanwhile, the coil of the fifth switch S5 is electrified, so that the fifth switch S5 is disconnected, the coil of the second switch S2 is powered off, and the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit and the whole vehicle controller take electricity from the vehicle-mounted storage battery through the normally closed contact of the second switch S2.
The key signal, the auxiliary power signal of the non-vehicle-mounted charger, the forbidden output enable signal of the battery management system and the working logic of the starting output of the DCDC converter are shown in table 1.
Table 1 DCDC converter 24V output operating logic table
In addition, it should be noted that:
When the vehicle is switched from a stop monitoring state to an operation state, namely a key signal is detected, the DCDC converter stops outputting power and does not output a wake-up signal to the battery management system, the second switch S2 and the fourth switch S4 are switched from a normally open contact to a normally closed contact, the whole vehicle controller detects the key signal, the third switch S3 is powered on, the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit, the whole vehicle controller and the battery management system all take power from the vehicle-mounted storage battery, and the battery management system outputs the prohibition enabling prohibition DCDC converter.
When the vehicle is in a charging state, the auxiliary power supply signals of the off-board charger are signals with any specification of 0-36V, and compatibility can be achieved.
When the vehicle is in a shutdown state, the battery management system takes electricity from the DCDC converter and is in an awake state, and static equalization and calibration are performed on the battery management system including but not limited to real-time diagnosis of SOC accuracy, single consistency, battery system insulation faults, high-voltage relay faults and the like, so that the charge equalization time is shortened, the SOC accuracy is improved, normal operation of the vehicle is ensured, the service life of the battery is prolonged, and if the faults occur, early warning is timely performed, and accidents including but not limited to over-discharge, overcharge, fire and even explosion of the battery caused by liquid leakage, low insulation, relay faults and the like are prevented.
In the low-voltage power supply management system, the whole vehicle controller is not an essential technical feature, and has the main functions of sending an execution instruction to the battery management system and the vehicle monitoring unit, directly connecting and communicating the battery management system and the vehicle monitoring unit in a CAN communication mode, and transferring the corresponding functions of the whole vehicle controller to the battery management system and the vehicle monitoring unit.
The vehicle-mounted monitoring unit, the vehicle controller and the battery management system are respectively provided with a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2 and a capacitor C3 between the respective positive input end and the negative input end of the power supply, and are used for protecting the power failure problem caused by short-time suspension state in the switching process of the contacts of each switch.
The second switch S2 is switched from a normally closed contact to a normally open contact, and the object of outputting power supply through the DCDC converter is not limited to a vehicle-mounted monitoring unit, a vehicle controller and a battery management system, but also includes other low-voltage loads of the vehicle.
The fuse arranged in the high-voltage box in the high-voltage distribution loop of the DCDC converter is used for protecting high-voltage short-circuit faults.
The battery management system monitors the high-voltage state and the power battery pack state in the high-voltage box in real time, including but not limited to a relay state, a total current state, a total voltage state, an insulation state, single voltage information, single temperature information, a high-voltage interlocking state, an SOC (system on chip) and the like, synchronously sends the monitored information and faults to the whole vehicle controller in a CAN (controller area network) communication mode, the whole vehicle controller carries out corresponding fault processing according to the fault information and synchronously transmits all the information to the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit in a CAN (controller area network) communication mode, the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit remotely transmits data to a remote monitoring platform in a GPS (global positioning system) mode and the like through a vehicle networking technology, and the monitoring platform carries out screening analysis on the received data and carries out early warning on accidents possibly happening on the faults, including but not limited to informing a user in a mode of short messages, telephones and the like.
The driving of the second switch S2 may also be achieved by controlling the hand brake switch S1 or controlling the high-side or low-side output of the battery management system.
The second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch, and the fifth switch are not limited to the high-side drive mode, but may be driven by the low-side drive mode, and are not limited to the relay type switch, and may be electronic switches such as MOSFETs.
The hand brake switch S1, the third switch S3 and the fifth switch S5 are unnecessary
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the function of the fourth switch S4 described above may also be implemented and replaced by the anti-reflection circuit shown in fig. 2.
The second switch S2 described above may also be implemented and replaced by an anti-reflection circuit similar to that shown in fig. 2.
The low-voltage power management system comprises, but is not limited to, a 24V power supply system, and can also be applied to 12V,48V and other power supply systems.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modification of the present invention by using the design concept shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an electric automobile power battery safety monitoring's low voltage power management system, includes on-vehicle monitoring unit, battery management system, power battery group and high-voltage box, its characterized in that: the power battery pack, the high-voltage box and the DCDC converter are sequentially connected;
When the vehicle is in a stop state, the DCDC converter outputs a wake-up signal to the battery management system, and the power battery pack is converted into a power supply from high voltage to low voltage through the control unit to supply power to the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit and the battery management system, the battery management system acquires battery system state information, and the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit sends the battery system state information to the remote monitoring platform;
the DCDC converter is provided with a built-in RTC; when the battery management system monitors that the state of the battery system is fault-free for a period of time, the battery management system enters a dormant state and sends the automatic output time of the next time to the DCDC converter in a CAN communication mode, the DCDC converter stops outputting power supply and does not output a wake-up signal to the battery management system, and meanwhile, the DCDC converter starts to count down automatically through a built-in RTC; when the countdown is finished, the DCDC converter outputs power supply and outputs a wake-up signal to the battery management system;
When the high-voltage box is connected with the off-board charger, namely, when the vehicle is in a charging state, the DCDC converter outputs a wake-up signal to the battery management system, and the off-board charger is used as a power supply to supply power to the on-board monitoring unit and the battery management system through the control unit;
The control unit comprises a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch and a fifth switch, wherein the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch and the fifth switch comprise coils, normally closed contacts and normally open contacts;
One end of the second switch normally-closed contact is connected with one end of the second switch normally-open contact to form a first node, and the power supply positive electrode input ends of the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit and the whole vehicle controller are connected with the first node;
the other end of the second switch normally-closed contact is connected with the positive electrode output end of the power supply of the vehicle-mounted storage battery and one end of a third switch normally-open contact, the other end of the third switch normally-open contact is connected with one end of a fifth switch coil and one end of a fourth switch Guan Changbi contact, and the third switch coil is connected with the HSD signal output end of the vehicle controller;
The other end of the second switch normally-open contact and the second switch coil are connected with one end of a fifth switch normally-closed contact, and the other end of the fifth switch normally-closed contact is connected with the positive output end of the power supply of the DCDC converter, one end of the fourth switch normally-open contact and the fourth switch coil;
The other end of the fourth switch normally open contact is connected with the other end of the fourth switch Guan Changbi contact to form a second node, and the second node is connected with the positive input end of a power supply of the battery management system;
and the DCDC converter and the power supply negative electrode output end of the vehicle-mounted storage battery are connected with the battery management system, the whole vehicle controller and the power supply negative electrode input end of the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit.
2. The system for power management of electric vehicle power battery safety monitoring according to claim 1, wherein: the vehicle-mounted storage battery is used for supplying power to the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit and the battery management system through the control unit, and the DCDC converter does not output power when the vehicle is in a running state.
3. The system for power management of electric vehicle power battery safety monitoring according to claim 2, wherein: the vehicle control unit is also included; when the vehicle is in a stop state, the control unit enables the power battery pack to serve as a power supply to supply power to the whole vehicle controller; when the vehicle is in a charging state, the control unit enables the off-board charger to be used as a power supply to supply power to the whole vehicle controller; when the vehicle is in a running state, the vehicle-mounted storage battery is used as a power supply to supply power to the whole vehicle controller through the control unit.
4. The system for power management of electric vehicle power battery safety monitoring according to claim 1, wherein: and a hand brake switch is arranged between the other end of the normally closed contact of the second switch and the positive input end of the power supply of the vehicle-mounted storage battery.
5. A power cell safety monitoring and controlling system for an electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: the DCDC converter, the battery management system and the whole vehicle controller are connected with key signals, and the DCDC converter and the battery management system are connected with auxiliary power signals of the off-vehicle charger; the output end of the forbidden output enable signal of the battery management system is connected with the DCDC converter; the wake-up signal output end of the DCDC converter is connected to the battery management system.
6. The system for power management of electric vehicle power battery safety monitoring according to claim 4, wherein: when the battery management system detects a key signal, the battery management system is started immediately and outputs a prohibition output enabling signal to prohibit the DCDC converter from outputting power supply; the DCDC converter detects the key signal synchronously, the DCDC converter does not output power and does not output a wake-up signal to the battery management system.
7. The system for power management of electric vehicle power battery safety monitoring according to claim 4, wherein: and the vehicle-mounted monitoring unit, the whole vehicle controller and the battery management system are respectively provided with a capacitor between the positive input end and the negative input end of the power supply, and are used for protecting the power failure problem caused by the short-time suspension state in the switching process of each switch contact.
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| CN113859047B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2024-04-02 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Low-voltage power transmission system, DCDC converter, control method, equipment and medium |
| EP4207536A4 (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2023-11-29 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Low-voltage battery charging system and method |
| CN112046330B (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2024-07-26 | 厦门金龙联合汽车工业有限公司 | Multi-layer safety protection device and method for charging electric automobile |
| CN114559818B (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2024-05-14 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | High-low voltage system, method for obtaining low voltage based on high voltage and electric automobile |
| CN113281662A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-08-20 | 东风柳州汽车有限公司 | Battery state monitoring device and battery pack |
| CN216122213U (en) | 2021-08-30 | 2022-03-22 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Switching power supply, power battery system and vehicle |
| CN115871461A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2023-03-31 | 宇通客车股份有限公司 | Vehicle electrical system and vehicle |
| CN114162069B (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2024-01-26 | 中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司 | Vehicle monitoring device and truck vehicle |
| CN115384535B (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2024-09-10 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Vehicle function safety monitoring system and method |
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