CN110552767A - 机动车及用于运行机动车的方法 - Google Patents
机动车及用于运行机动车的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110552767A CN110552767A CN201910476105.7A CN201910476105A CN110552767A CN 110552767 A CN110552767 A CN 110552767A CN 201910476105 A CN201910476105 A CN 201910476105A CN 110552767 A CN110552767 A CN 110552767A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- motor vehicle
- combustion engine
- catalyst
- exhaust
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
- F01N3/106—Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N9/005—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus using models instead of sensors to determine operating characteristics of exhaust systems, e.g. calculating catalyst temperature instead of measuring it directly
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/024—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/0245—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus by increasing temperature of the exhaust gas leaving the engine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/0275—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a NOx trap or adsorbent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1473—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the regulation method
- F02D41/1475—Regulating the air fuel ratio at a value other than stoichiometry
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
- F02D41/402—Multiple injections
- F02D41/405—Multiple injections with post injections
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
- B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/16—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric heater, i.e. a resistance heater
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2430/00—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/10—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the vehicle or its components
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
- F01N2900/1404—Exhaust gas temperature
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种机动车,机动车包括连接在内燃机下游的、包括多个排气后处理装置的、用于净化内燃机的排气的排气系,其中,排气系包括SCR催化器和至少另一催化器,其中,所述另一催化器构造成NOx蓄存催化器或氧化催化器,其中,设置控制装置,控制装置用于控制至少一个影响排气温度的机动车的运转部件,其中,控制装置设置成,根据至少一个与预期的行驶路线相关的道路信息和涉及排气系的至少一个排气后处理装置的与温度相关的有害物质转化率的转化信息,驱控运转部件用于调节排气温度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种机动车,机动车包括连接在内燃机下游的、包括多个排气后处理装置的、用于净化内燃机的排气的排气系,其中,排气系包括SCR催化器和至少另一催化器,其中,所述另一催化器构造成NOx蓄存催化器或氧化催化器。
背景技术
在内燃机、尤其是柴油发动机运行时,有时排放出对环境有害的和/或有害健康的物质,例如氮氧化物(NOx),一氧化碳(CO),未充分燃烧的碳氢化合物(CmHn)以及碳黑。由此,在排气被排放到大气中之前,需要首先净化排气或进行后处理。在此,常常也要考虑法律规定的极限值。这种类型的后处理或排气净化通常通过排气后处理装置,例如催化器或碳黑过滤器实现。
为此,一方面常常使用氧化催化器,在其中,通过在排气中存在的剩余氧气除去一氧化碳和未充分燃烧的碳氢化合物。另一方面,为了除去氮氧化物,常常使用NOx蓄存催化器。NOx蓄存催化器在第一相(蓄存相)中工作,在蓄存相中,可将氮氧化物储存在NOx蓄存催化器的蓄存组分中。一直进行蓄存相,直至出现蓄存组分的饱和。随后,在第二相(再生阶段或加浓运行)中进行蓄存组分的再生或卸载。在此,将排气“加浓”,也就是说喷入比在内燃机的燃烧室中燃烧所需的更多的燃料,由此,排气具有更高的未充分燃烧的碳氢化合物份额。通过未充分燃烧的碳氢化合物与在NOx蓄存催化器中储存的氮氧化物化学反应,将NOx蓄存催化器的蓄存组分卸载。
此外,为了除去氮氧化物,可使用SCR催化器(SCR:选择性催化还原)。在此,通过喷射单元定量配给尿素溶液(例如),并且在排气进入SCR催化器时或进入SCR催化器之前将尿素溶液喷入排气中。随后,通过化学反应,氮氧化物在SCR催化器中最终转化成二氧化碳,基本的氮气以及水。
在专利文献DE 10 2014 216 217 A1中公开了一种用于减少在机动车的内燃机的排气中的NOx排放的方法。在此,连接在内燃机下游的排气系包括NOx蓄存催化器,氧化催化器以及SCR催化器。在此,评估涉及预期的行驶路线的数据,其中,根据该数据控制NOx蓄存催化器的再生阶段和蓄存相以及尿素溶剂的配给。
在专利文献DE 10 2016 224 430 A1中公开了一种用于再生排气后处理装置的方法。在此,尤其是使用里程数据,以便在使用例如排气加热装置的情况下优化再生阶段。
发明内容
本发明的目的是,提供一种机动车,在该机动车中,尤其在有害物质转化率方面实现整体更有效的排气净化。
该目的通过开头所述类型的机动车实现,其中,根据本发明,设置控制装置,控制装置用于驱控至少一个影响排气温度的机动车的运转部件,其中,控制装置设置成,根据至少一个与预期的行驶路线相关的道路信息和涉及排气系的至少一个排气后处理装置的与温度相关的有害物质转化率的转化信息,驱控运转部件以用于调节排气的温度。
通过根据本发明使用预测的道路数据以及与温度相关的有害物质转化率,尤其可事先时间上分散地获得,用于相应的排气后处理装置的排气的已转化的有害物质的相应的份额多大以及因此整体有害物质转化率多高。据此,随后可决定,在什么时刻或者以怎样的时间间隔尤其在整体有害物质转化率方面通过运转部件提高排气温度是合理的。因此,通过影响排气的温度,可为将要完成的行驶路线实现整体有害物质转化率的改善。
根据道路信息,可事先获得,在排气系中在一定的位置上在一定的时刻排气的温度多高。此时,可根据基于GPS的导航系统提供的数据获得道路信息。尤其是,就此而言,在道路走向以及预期的行驶路线的海拔走向方面的信息是重要的。附加地可设想的是,考虑可能的限速和/或当前交通情况。
此外,除了道路信息,也可将驾驶员信息用于控制,驾驶员信息涉及将行驶突然加速的驾驶员。即,例如对于更保守的驾驶员来说,非常显著的加速阶段和由此带来的排气温度升高是不常见的。在驾驶员加速时,例如可自动地识别驾驶员,其中,可存储事先储存的用于相应驾驶员的驾驶员信息,根据这些信息可进行控制。
现在,道路信息与涉及与温度相关的有害物质转化率的转化信息一起用于驱控运转部件。长期以来已经已知在上述催化器类型的有害物质转化率中典型的温度相关性。尤其是,为此常常使用表格或数字模型。例如从中得到,SCR催化器的最优运行温度高于典型地在约200℃或更高的NOx蓄存催化器。应指出的是,运行温度不仅涉及排气的温度,而且涉及催化器自身的温度,其中,单纯由于热传递过程,排气温度的变化对催化器的温度有影响。
影响排气温度的运转部件可为机动车的如下设备,即,该设备影响排气的温度。尤其是,针对运转部件规定,其为排气系的一部分或可分配给动力传动系统的排气后处理装置。
尤其是可构造成柴油发动机的内燃机是动力传动系统的一部分。动力传动系统可理解成所有用于将内燃机的力矩传递到轮胎上的组件。动力传动系统尤其可包括离合器,变速器和差速器以及其它构件。由内燃机产生的排气在被排出到环境中之前,被引导通过连接在内燃机下游的排气系。在此,首先,排气可被输送给被分配给内燃机的排气涡轮增压器,排气涡轮增压器用于提高内燃机的功率。此外,在排气系中在下游,可设置构造成NOx蓄存催化器或氧化催化器的另一催化器。紧接着,排气经过构造成具有SRC覆层的碳黑或柴油颗粒过滤器的SCR催化器。此外,直接在SCR催化器之前或在SCR催化器中设置用于尿素溶液的配量单元,通过配量单元可利用尿素溶液加浓/富集排气。
在一个实施例中,机动车可构造成混合动力车。在这种情况中,为了驱动机动车,除了内燃机之外,在动力传动系统中附加地设置电机或电动机。在该实施例中,适宜地也在考虑混合动力信息的情况下驱控运转部件。此时,尤其是可考虑,在哪个时间段由电机或电动机驱动车辆并且在哪个时间段由内燃机驱动车辆。就此而言,尤其是当混合动力车从电动驱动变换成内燃机驱动时,预测到低的排气温度。尤其是,控制装置也可设置成,如此选择机动车的电动和内燃机驱动,即,避免在整体有害物质转化率方面不适宜的排气温度状态。
控制装置可设置成,根据至少一个、为沿着排气系的排气温度建模的模型和/或至少一个通过传感器获取的当前温度值驱控运转部件,所述模型根据至少一个涉及行驶运行的参数为排气的温度建模。根据道路信息可事先确定,在一定时刻对动力传动系统的要求如何高。从中,可获得在该时刻预期的排气温度。例如,可通过模型确定对排气系或预期的排气温度的要求。通过该模型,相应地连续地为沿着排气系排气系的每个位置上的排气温度建模。然而,由于有害物质通过在排气系中相应位置上的相应的排气后处理装置转化,典型地排气温度的局部的或逐点的值对于组件的控制来说是充分且重要的。因此,适宜地可使用相应简化的模型。
备选地或附加地可规定,在排气系的一个或多个位置上,通过传感器获取涉及当前排气温度的测量值并且将其传输给控制装置。于是,有利地附加地可根据该测量值进行运转部件的驱控。此外,同样可在使用这些通过传感器获取的数据的情况下为排气的温度建模。尤其有利地,在行驶期间持续地获取测量值,并且将其用于驱控运转部件和/或为在排气系中的排气温度建模。
此外,针对根据本发明的机动车,可规定,排气系附加地具有底部SCR催化器。底部SCR催化器在排气系中可布置在SCR催化器下游。此外,可为底部SCR催化器分配另一用于尿素溶液的配量单元。由此,可为SCR催化器和底部SCR催化器单独地调节排气的尿素含量。通过由底部SCR催化器设置排气系的附加排气后处理装置,可实现更有效的排气净化。此外,底部SCR催化器与温度相关的有害物质转化率与SCR催化器以及NOx蓄存催化器的有害物质转化率不同,从而有利地在例如较高的排气温度值下得到更有效的整体有害物质转化率。
此外可规定,通过控制装置驱控以用于调节排气温度的运转部件是内燃机。在此,尤其是可规定,通过调节内燃机的燃烧状态和/或在应用再喷射时和/或通过调节空燃比进行排气温度的调节。
备选地或附加地可规定,通过控制装置驱控以用于调节排气温度的运转部件是排气系中的加热装置。在此,加热装置尤其是可构造成可电加热的片,该片在排气系中与排气热接触。此外可设想的是,可电加热的片与另一催化器热接触。在这种情况中,加热装置不仅间接地加热排气,而且加热另一催化器的材料。这之所以是尤其有利的,是因为排气后处理装置的与温度相关的有害物质转化率不仅与排气的温度相关而且尤其是也与排气后处理装置自身的温度相关。这方面也包含在运转部件的控制中。
控制装置可设置成,根据第一效率信息和第二效率信息选择相应的运转部件,第一效率信息涉及通过内燃机加热排气的效率,第二效率信息涉及通过所述或其它加热装置加热排气的效率。加热排气的效率描述,需要多少能量将排气以及必要时相应的催化器以及运转部件从低的温度Tu加热到高的温度To上。通过内燃机方面的措施以及通过相应的加热装置加热排气的相应的特性曲线长期以来是已知的。
例如,根据道路信息以及转化信息得到,在一定的时刻应将排气从Tu加热到To,于是,可根据特性曲线获得,通过发动机方面的措施以及通过加热装置加热所需的能量消耗如何高。适宜地,使用所需能量较低的方法。通过这种比较,最终有利地可节省能量或燃料。
针对通过控制装置驱控的运转部件是排气系中的加热装置的情况,可规定,设置带式起动发电机,通过带式起动发电机将内燃机的机械能转换成可用于使运转部件运行的电能。从中得到的优点是,例如通过运转部件的运行不引起机动车的车载电路或起动器蓄电池的负载,这尤其在低的室外温度时是值的期望的。此外,这代表着节省结构空间,因为带式起动发电机毫无疑问通常已经安装在机动车中以用于起动内燃机。
作为其改进方案,可规定,在将内燃机的机械能转化成电能期间,可提高内燃机的负荷点。在提高内燃机的负荷点时,通过燃烧更多的燃料产生比牵引机动车所需的更大的力矩。在此,力矩的“多余的”份额可用于通过带式起动发电机产生电能,该电能可用于使运转部件运行。从中得到的优点是,在将内燃机的机械能转换成电能的时间段中,不必强制地减少机动车的驱动功率。因此保证了机动车的行驶性能不变。
此外,可设置蓄能器,在蓄能器中可储存用于使运转部件运行的再生能量。有利地,从中得到的可能性是,在加热排气之前,已经可产生用于使运转部件运行的能量。由此,在下坡或制动过程期间,可通过再生,将机动车的动能转换成电能并且储存在蓄能器中。在此,如果机动车构造成混合动力车,蓄能器例如可为其中储存用于驱动机动车所需的能量的蓄能器。
针对根据本发明的机动车可规定,控制装置设置成用于根据道路信息和/或至少一个涉及NOx蓄存催化器的蓄存信息控制至少一个影响NOx蓄存催化器的再生和加载运行的、机动车的其它运转部件。如已经解释的那样,在NOx蓄存催化器完全被加载/装载并且因此不再能容纳其它有害物质的情况中,必须为NOx蓄存催化器卸载。在这种情况中,控制装置可设置成,将毫无疑问存在的道路信息用于,附加地控制NOx蓄存催化器的再生和加载运行。尤其是可获得,必须在哪个时刻释放NOx蓄存催化器。针对在该时刻规定机动车的电动运行的情况,可为适宜的是,时间上优先进行加浓运行。于是,尤其是可在内燃机驱动机动车的阶段中进行加浓运行。涉及NOx蓄存催化器的蓄存信息尤其可涉及在确定时刻NOx蓄存催化器的剩余蓄存量。
此外也可规定,为了控制NOx蓄存催化器的再生和加载运行,考虑被建模的和/或获取的排气温度,因为NOx蓄存催化器的再生过程的效率与温度相关。
此外,本发明涉及一种用于运行机动车的方法,机动车包括产生排气的内燃机以及包括多个排气后处理装置的且连接在内燃机下游的排气系,其中,排气系包括SCR催化器和至少另一催化器,并且所述另一催化器构造成NOx蓄存催化器或氧化催化器。该方法的特征在于,驱控至少一个影响排气温度的机动车的运转部件,其中,根据至少一个与预期的行驶路线相关的道路信息和涉及排气系的至少一个排气后处理装置的与温度相关的有害物质转化率的转化信息来驱控运转部件,以用于调节排气温度。
在根据本发明的方法中可规定,根据至少一个、为沿着排气系的排气温度建模的模型和/或至少一个通过传感器获取的当前温度值来驱控运转部件,所述模型根据至少一个涉及行驶运行的参数为排气的温度建模。
此外可规定,被驱控以调节排气温度的运转部件是内燃机和/或排气系中的加热装置。
此外,根据第一效率信息和第二效率信息选择相应的运转部件,第一效率信息涉及通过内燃机加热排气的效率,第二效率信息涉及通过所述或其它加热装置加热排气的效率。
在根据本发明的方法中可规定,通过将内燃机的机械能转换成电能的带式起动发电机的和/或储存再生的能量的蓄能器的电能使运转部件运行。在此,尤其是在带式起动发电机将内燃机的机械能转换成电能期间,提高内燃机的负荷点。
针对根据本发明的方法,此外可规定,根据道路信息和/或至少一个涉及NOx蓄存催化器的蓄存信息控制至少一个影响NOx蓄存催化器的净化和加载阶段的、机动车的其它运转部件。
根据本发明的机动车的所有特征和优点也可转用到根据本发明的方法上。
附图说明
从以下描述的实施例中并且根据附图得到本发明的其它优点和细节。其中,示意性地:
图1示出了根据本发明的机动车的实施例的视图,以及
图2示出了与温度相关的图1中的根据本发明的机动车的单个排气后处理装置的有害物质转化率。
具体实施方式
图1示出了机动车1的示意图,机动车包括构造成柴油发动机的内燃机2以及连接在内燃机2下游的排气系3。为了净化有害物质,由内燃机2产生的排气被引导通过排气系3并且最终通过排气管4输出到环境中。
排气系3包括连接在内燃机2下游的、构造成NOx蓄存催化器的另一催化器5。备选地可设想的是,代替地,另一催化器5构造成氧化催化器。构造成氧化催化器的另一催化器5包括蓄存组分(未示出),在蓄存组分中,储存排气的氮氧化物(NOx),由此净化排气。如果构造成NOx蓄存催化器的另一催化器5的蓄存组分完全被NOx加载,那么必须进行NOx蓄存催化器的再生阶段,随后才能在其中继续储存氮氧化物。在再生阶段中喷入比在内燃机2的燃烧室中燃烧更多的燃料,从而将排气“加浓”,也就是说,通过更高的未充分燃烧的碳氢化合物的份额加浓。在构造成NOx蓄存催化器的另一催化器5中储存的氮氧化物与未充分燃烧的碳氢化合物反应,其中,为蓄存组分卸载。在此产生的物质、例如二氧化碳,基础的氮气和水可紧接着被排出到环境中。
此外,在排气系3中在下游设置SCR催化器6(SCR:选择性催化还原)。在此,通过构造成喷嘴的配量单元7将尿素溶液喷入排气中。由此,在SCR催化器6中最终将氮氧化物转化成无害的物质并且最终排出到环境中。在SCR催化器6和排气管4之间,在排气系3中设置底部SCR催化器8,底部SCR催化器具有将尿素溶液喷入排气中的另一配量单元9。然而,原则上,底部SCR催化器8对于根据本发明的机动车1来说不是一定需要的,然而尽管如此在包括仅仅SCR催化器6以及另一催化器5的排气系3中进行排气的净化。
机动车1的控制装置10驱控构造成加热片的加热装置11以及内燃机2,加热装置和内燃机分别是影响排气的温度的运转部件。根据与预期的行驶路线相关的道路信息进行控制,其中,为此重要的数据由基于GPS的导航系统12传输给控制装置10。此外,根据转化信息进行驱控,转化信息涉及构造成NOx蓄存催化器的另一催化器5的、SCR催化器6和底部SCR催化器8的与温度相关的有害物质转化率。这三个排气后处理装置5、6、8中的每一个具有在相应典型的温度下尽可能高的有害物质转化率。
在图2中示出了与相应的运行温度相关的排气后处理装置5、6、8的有害物质转化率的示意图。在此,有害物质转化率涉及氮氧化物的转化。在此,曲线A示出了NOx蓄存催化器的有害物质转化率,曲线B示出了SCR催化器6的有害物质转化率并且曲线C示出了底部SCR催化器8的有害物质转化率。由此可看出,与在SCR催化器6中相比,在较低的温度时得到NOx蓄存催化器的最佳的有害物质转化率。相对地,在与另外两个组件5、6相比高的温度时得到底部SCR催化器8的最佳的有害物质转化率。
控制装置10根据道路信息事先确定将要由内燃机2施加力矩的行驶路线的时刻。在此,除了道路走向,也考虑行驶路线的海拔走向,当前的交通情况,限速以及相应的各个驾驶员的信息。根据将要由内燃机2提供的力矩,可为在排气系3中的排气温度建模。然而备选地也可设想的是,直接根据道路信息为在排气系3中的排气温度建模,而为此不必事先确定将要由内燃机2施加的力矩。在两种情况中,为了该目的尤其可使用数字模型。
此外,在排气系3中,设置温度传感器15、16、17,其分别连接在另一催化器5、SCR催化器6以及底部SCR催化器8上游。温度传感器15、16、17连续地将在排气系3中的排气的温度方面的测量数据、也就是说以例如一秒的间隔传输给控制装置10。这些数据是用于确定在排气系3中的排气温度所用的模型的其它输入参数。
针对确定在排气系3中的排气温度所用的模型规定,仅仅在三个离散的位置上,即在另一催化器5、SCR催化器6和底部SCR催化器8上或中确定排气系3中的温度。虽然可设想,为整个排气系3连续地确定排气的温度曲线,然而为了此时的目的并不是必须的。
根据用于排气温度的建模值以及涉及用于另一催化器5、SCR催化器6和底部SCR催化器8的与温度相关的有害物质转化率的转化信息,控制装置10预先计算预期的整体有害物质转化率。如果该整体的有害物质转化率小于预设的极限值,那么为相关的时间段规定,通过驱控内燃机2或加热装置11加热排气,从而改善整体有害物质转化率。用于预先计算排气温度的模型显然考虑通过内燃机2或加热装置11加热排气。
机动车1构造成混合动力车。即,由此实现,机动车1不仅通过内燃机2,以及通过同样为动力传动系统13的组件的电机18驱动。电机18从电蓄能器19中提取为了驱动机动车的所需的能量。此外,控制装置10根据道路信息控制,在哪个时间段中由内燃机2驱动机动车1以及在哪个时间段中由电机18驱动机动车。在确定排气系3中排气温度时,也考虑这些信息。由此,例如在机动车1从电动驱动变换成内燃机驱动的时刻预测到在排气系3中相对低的排气温度。相对地,根据在排气系3中的排气温度控制机动车内燃机驱动和电动驱动的时间段。由此,尤其是可避免在整体有害物质转化率方面不利的情况。
如已经阐述的那样,通过内燃机2和/或加热装置11加热排气。通过内燃机的方面的措施由内燃机2加热排气,也就是说,例如调节燃烧状态,应用再喷射或调节空燃比。通过以下方式通过加热装置11加热排气,即,加热装置11与另一催化器5热接触。
在此应提及的是,重要的有害物质转化率不仅与排气的温度而且与排气后处理装置自身的温度相关。在所示出的实施例方面,这意味着,在通过加热装置11加热排气时,直接由加热装置11加热构造成NOx蓄存催化器的另一催化器5,而在通过内燃机2加热排气时,时间上错开地加热另一催化器5,因为为此必须首先将排气的热能输出给另一催化器5。在为排气温度或整体转化率建模时,显然考虑这种类型的效应。
此外,根据相应相关的效率信息选择是通过内燃机方面的措施还是加热装置11加热排气。如果例如为确定的时刻规定应将排气从低的温度Tu加热到高温To上,那么可根据当前效率特征曲线为两种加热方法分别确定为了该加热过程所需的能量。适宜地,选择相应的能量消耗更低的加热方法来加热排气。由此,节省了能量或燃料。
内燃机2如此与带式起动发电机20耦联,从而带式起动发电机20将内燃机2的机械能转换成电能,电能又能用于使加热装置11运行。在该过程期间,提高内燃机2的负荷点。也就是说,由内燃机2提供的功率大于当前牵引机动车1所需的功率。由此过量的功率用于使加热装置11运行。从中得到的优点是,在加热装置11运行期间,不出现用于牵引机动车1的功率的下降。备选地或附加地,可通过电蓄能器19使加热装置11运行。尤其适宜地,此时在加热装置11未运行的情况中再生能量/回收能量。也就是说,尤其是在滑行或在制动过程中,通过电机18作为发电机运行将机动车1的动能转换成电能,电能又被储存在电蓄能器19中。随后,在稍晚的时刻,该能能量可用于使加热装置11运行。
此外,控制装置10根据构造成NOx蓄存催化器的另一催化器5何时进行再生或加载阶段控制内燃机2或加热装置11的运行。相反地,当然也可根据在排气系3中的排气温度或道路信息控制构造成NOx蓄存催化器的另一催化器5的再生阶段或加载阶段。在此,尤其是可考虑,在再生阶段期间必须存在构造成NOx蓄存催化器的另一催化器5的一定的最低运行温度,因为仅仅在这种情况中进行再生。
Claims (16)
1.一种机动车,包括连接在内燃机(2)下游的、具有多个排气后处理装置的排气系(3),该排气系用于净化内燃机(2)的排气;其中,所述排气系(3)包括SCR催化器(6)和至少另一催化器(5),其中,另一催化器(5)构造成NOx蓄存催化器或氧化催化器,其特征在于,设置控制装置(10),该控制装置用于控制至少一个影响排气温度的、机动车的运转部件,其中,所述控制装置(10)设置成根据至少一个与预期的行驶路线相关的道路信息和涉及排气系(3)的至少一个排气后处理装置与温度相关的有害物质转化率的转化信息来驱控运转部件,以用于调节排气温度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的机动车,其特征在于,所述控制装置(10)设置成,根据至少一个为沿着排气系(3)的排气温度建模的模型和/或至少一个通过传感器获取的当前温度值来驱控所述运转部件,所述模型根据至少一个涉及行驶运行的参数为排气的温度建模。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的机动车,其特征在于,所述排气系(3)附加地具有底部SCR催化器(8)。
4.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的机动车,其特征在于,通过控制装置(10)驱控以用于调节排气温度的运转部件是内燃机(2)。
5.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的机动车,其特征在于,通过控制装置(10)驱控以用于调节排气温度的运转部件是排气系(3)中的加热装置(11)。
6.根据权利要求4和5所述的机动车,其特征在于,所述控制装置(10)设置成根据第一效率信息和第二效率信息选择相应的运转部件,第一效率信息涉及通过内燃机(2)加热排气的效率,所述第二效率信息涉及通过所述或其它加热装置(11)加热排气的效率。
7.根据权利要求5或6中任一项所述的机动车,其特征在于,设置有带式起动发电机(20),通过所述带式起动发电机能将内燃机(2)的机械能转换成用于能使所述运转部件运行的电能。
8.根据权利要求7所述的机动车,其特征在于,在将内燃机(2)的机械能转化成电能期间,可提高内燃机(2)的负荷点。
9.根据权利要求5至8中任一项所述的机动车,其特征在于,设置有蓄能器(19),在蓄能器中能储存用于使运转部件运行的再生能量。
10.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的机动车,其特征在于,控制装置(10)设置成用于根据道路信息和/或至少一个涉及NOx蓄存催化器的蓄存信息驱控影响NOx蓄存催化器的再生运行和加载运行的、机动车(1)的至少另一运转部件。
11.一种用于运行机动车的方法,所述机动车包括产生排气的内燃机(2)以及具有多个排气后处理装置的、连接在内燃机(2)下游的排气系(3),其中,该排气系(3)包括SCR催化器(6)和至少另一催化器(5),所述另一催化器(5)构造成NOx蓄存催化器或氧化催化器,其特征在于,驱控至少一个影响排气温度的机动车(1)的运转部件,其中,根据至少一个与预期的行驶路线相关的道路信息和涉及排气系(3)的至少一个排气后处理装置的与温度相关的有害物质转化率的转化信息,驱控运转部件以用于调节排气温度。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法,其特征在于,根据至少一个、为沿着排气系(3)的排气温度建模的模型和/或至少一个通过传感器获取的当前温度值驱控所述运转部件,所述模型根据至少一个涉及行驶运行的参数为排气温度建模。
13.根据权利要求11或12所述的方法,其特征在于,被驱控以调节排气温度的运转部件是内燃机(2)和/或排气系(3)中的加热装置(11)。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于,根据第一效率信息和第二效率信息选择相应的运转部件,所述第一效率信息涉及通过内燃机(2)加热排气的效率,所述第二效率信息涉及通过所述或其它加热装置(11)加热排气的效率。
15.根据权利要求11至14中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,通过将内燃机(2)的机械能转换成电能的带式起动发电机(20)的和/或储存再生能量的蓄能器(19)的电能使所述运转部件运行。
16.根据权利要求11至15中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,根据道路信息和/或至少一个涉及NOx蓄存催化器的蓄存信息来驱控影响NOx蓄存催化器的再生阶段和加载阶段的、机动车(1)的至少另一运转部件。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102018208705.9 | 2018-06-04 | ||
DE102018208705.9A DE102018208705B4 (de) | 2018-06-04 | 2018-06-04 | Kraftfahrzeug sowie ein Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN110552767A true CN110552767A (zh) | 2019-12-10 |
CN110552767B CN110552767B (zh) | 2021-08-17 |
Family
ID=66429272
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201910476105.7A Active CN110552767B (zh) | 2018-06-04 | 2019-06-03 | 机动车及用于运行机动车的方法 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10968805B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3578771B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN110552767B (zh) |
DE (1) | DE102018208705B4 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102020206789A1 (de) | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-02 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | System zur Abgasnachbehandlung und Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb |
DE102020210167B4 (de) | 2020-08-11 | 2022-03-03 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Abgasnachbehandlung für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit einem Nachheizbetrieb |
DE102020121384B4 (de) | 2020-08-14 | 2023-01-19 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Abgasnachbehandlung eines Verbrennungsmotor sowie Verbrennungsmotor |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101655024A (zh) * | 2008-08-22 | 2010-02-24 | 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 | 使用gps/地图/交通信息来控制后处理(at)装置的性能 |
DE202014003536U1 (de) * | 2014-04-25 | 2015-07-30 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Gesetzen des Staates Delaware) | Computerprogramm zur Steuerung der Stickoxidemissionen |
CN105370353A (zh) * | 2014-08-14 | 2016-03-02 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 用于在负荷变化的过程中减少内燃机的废气后处理系统中的氮氧化物排放和氨排放的方法和装置 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4586338A (en) * | 1984-11-14 | 1986-05-06 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Heat recovery system including a dual pressure turbine |
KR101191883B1 (ko) | 2010-07-29 | 2012-10-16 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 디젤 차량의 배기가스 정화장치 및 그 제어방법 |
US9132386B2 (en) | 2011-12-23 | 2015-09-15 | Volvo Lastvagnar Ab | Exhaust aftertreatment system and method for operating the system |
CN102935798A (zh) * | 2012-11-21 | 2013-02-20 | 吉林大学 | 混合动力汽车动力系统 |
US9567888B2 (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2017-02-14 | Cummins Inc. | Systems and methods to reduce reductant consumption in exhaust aftertreament systems |
DE102015218776B4 (de) | 2015-09-29 | 2022-06-09 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine, Steuergerät und Brennkraftmaschine |
DE102016222012B4 (de) | 2015-12-18 | 2022-09-29 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Verfahren zum Steuern eines NOx-Speicher-Katalysators |
DE102016224430B4 (de) | 2015-12-29 | 2023-12-14 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Verfahren zur Ermittlung eines Fahrprofils für eine Regeneration einer Abgasnachbehandlungseinrichtung mittels elektrischer Heizung für ein Fahrzeug mit Verbrennungsmotor sowie Steuerungseinrichtung für eine Abgasnachbehandlungsanlage und Fahrzeug |
-
2018
- 2018-06-04 DE DE102018208705.9A patent/DE102018208705B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2019
- 2019-04-29 US US16/397,137 patent/US10968805B2/en active Active
- 2019-05-06 EP EP19172781.7A patent/EP3578771B1/de active Active
- 2019-06-03 CN CN201910476105.7A patent/CN110552767B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101655024A (zh) * | 2008-08-22 | 2010-02-24 | 通用汽车环球科技运作公司 | 使用gps/地图/交通信息来控制后处理(at)装置的性能 |
DE202014003536U1 (de) * | 2014-04-25 | 2015-07-30 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Gesetzen des Staates Delaware) | Computerprogramm zur Steuerung der Stickoxidemissionen |
CN105370353A (zh) * | 2014-08-14 | 2016-03-02 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 用于在负荷变化的过程中减少内燃机的废气后处理系统中的氮氧化物排放和氨排放的方法和装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US10968805B2 (en) | 2021-04-06 |
DE102018208705B4 (de) | 2022-06-02 |
DE102018208705A1 (de) | 2019-12-05 |
CN110552767B (zh) | 2021-08-17 |
US20190368406A1 (en) | 2019-12-05 |
EP3578771B1 (de) | 2022-02-23 |
EP3578771A1 (de) | 2019-12-11 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN106677867B (zh) | 用于排气暖机策略的系统和方法 | |
CN108691675B (zh) | 用于加热催化器的方法以及带有催化器的机动车 | |
KR102371252B1 (ko) | 냉시동 시 차량 제어 시스템 및 방법 | |
CN110552767B (zh) | 机动车及用于运行机动车的方法 | |
US11015504B2 (en) | Method for operating an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, in particular a motor car | |
US11377088B2 (en) | Electric vehicles with engines and interaction with aftertreatment | |
CN115405432B (zh) | 一种用于运行内燃机的方法 | |
CN112789401A (zh) | 用于管理排放污染物的机动车辆的废气后处理系统的温度的方法和装置 | |
JP2012026375A (ja) | 内燃機関の排気浄化システム | |
CN109707523B (zh) | 车辆系统和使用该系统加热烟尘过滤器的方法 | |
US10443473B2 (en) | Exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine | |
EP1884631B1 (en) | Exhaust gas purification system for internal combustion engine | |
KR102603652B1 (ko) | 자동차에서 배기가스 후처리의 개회로 제어 및/또는 폐회로 제어 방법, 그리고 제어 장치 | |
US11834977B2 (en) | Method for heating an exhaust system | |
US10710572B2 (en) | Method for operating a drive train of a motor vehicle having a combustion engine and a further machine | |
JP2006220036A (ja) | フィルタ付きハイブリッドエンジンの制御システム | |
CN111287828B (zh) | 用于运行内燃机的方法和控制器 | |
JP2014137044A (ja) | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 | |
CN113574257A (zh) | 用于使在用汽油运行的机动车的废气系中的经涂层的颗粒过滤器再生的方法和装置 | |
KR102518595B1 (ko) | 마일드 하이브리드 차량의 lnt 리치 제어 방법 및 마일드 하이브리드 차량 | |
US20240318584A1 (en) | Method for heating an exhaust gas system | |
EP3995675A1 (en) | A method for controlling the operation of an engine system in a vehicle | |
EP3612722B1 (en) | Method of regenerating a lean nox trap lnt catalyst | |
CN115573800A (zh) | 用于运行内燃机的废气设备的方法 | |
JP2023551112A (ja) | 排出ガス後処理装置の少なくとも1つの構成要素に熱を導入するための方法、ソフトウェア、及び開ループ制御又は閉ループ制御装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |