CN110549176A - dedicated centerless cylindrical grinder of cross axle - Google Patents
dedicated centerless cylindrical grinder of cross axle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110549176A CN110549176A CN201910952255.0A CN201910952255A CN110549176A CN 110549176 A CN110549176 A CN 110549176A CN 201910952255 A CN201910952255 A CN 201910952255A CN 110549176 A CN110549176 A CN 110549176A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- grinding
- feeding
- grinding wheel
- discharging
- cross
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
- B24B41/067—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies radially supporting workpieces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
- B24B47/02—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for performing a reciprocating movement of carriages or work- tables
- B24B47/04—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for performing a reciprocating movement of carriages or work- tables by mechanical gearing only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
- B24B47/20—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor relating to feed movement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/006—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation taking regard of the speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/18—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centreless means for supporting, guiding, floating or rotating work
- B24B5/26—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centreless means for supporting, guiding, floating or rotating work for grinding peculiarly profiled surfaces, e.g. bulged
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/35—Accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/35—Accessories
- B24B5/355—Feeding means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B51/00—Arrangements for automatic control of a series of individual steps in grinding a workpiece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
Abstract
The invention discloses a special centerless cylindrical grinding machine for a cross shaft, which comprises a machine body, a feeding mechanism, a manipulator feeding mechanism, a grinding mechanism, a steering mechanism, a discharging mechanism and a control device, wherein the feeding mechanism is arranged on the machine body; the manipulator feeding mechanism comprises a cross beam and a mechanical arm assembly, the cross beam stretches over the feeding mechanism, the steering mechanism, the discharging mechanism and the grinding mechanism, and the mechanical arm assembly is movably mounted on the cross beam; the mechanical arm assembly moves to the feeding mechanism, the steering mechanism, the discharging mechanism and the grinding mechanism along the cross beam to grab or place the cross shaft part; the mechanical arm assembly comprises a feeding clamping jaw and an unloading clamping jaw, the feeding clamping jaw and the unloading clamping jaw move simultaneously each time the mechanical arm assembly moves, the cross shaft part is grabbed or placed on the feeding mechanism, the steering mechanism, the discharging mechanism and the grinding mechanism, and the grinding mechanism realizes continuous machining of the cross shaft part. The invention has the advantages of high automation degree, high processing efficiency, high integration level, good reliability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of centerless grinding devices, in particular to a centerless cylindrical grinding machine for machining a cross shaft journal.
Background
the differential and the universal joint are important parts in an automobile, the two parts in the attached drawing 1 are a differential cross shaft a and a universal joint cross shaft b respectively, the differential cross shaft a and the universal joint cross shaft b are both formed by two shafts with identical structures, namely a first shaft 1 'and a second shaft 2', and the axes of the two shafts are crossed at a right angle of 90 degrees in the same plane. After the machining of the universal joint component is completed, heat treatment is required to be carried out firstly, and then grinding machining is carried out, wherein the grinding machining comprises grinding of four end faces of the universal joint and grinding of each shaft neck, the machining of the shaft neck of the universal joint is particularly critical, and the machining precision directly influences the service performance of a differential mechanism or a universal joint.
the common grinding machine has many defects for processing the shaft neck of the cross shaft part, for example, the outer circle of the cross shaft part can be ground once by one-time clamping during processing, so the clamping needs to be repeated in the whole processing process, thus the operation work is heavy, the efficiency is reduced, and the concentricity of the outer circles at two opposite ends of the cross shaft is easily reduced due to the error of the machine tool, and the processing precision is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide the special centerless cylindrical grinding machine for machining the journal of the universal joint pin, which has the advantages of high automation degree, good machining precision, high production efficiency and the like.
in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: the centerless cylindrical grinding machine special for the cross shaft comprises a machine body, a feeding mechanism, a manipulator feeding mechanism, a grinding mechanism, a steering mechanism, a discharging mechanism and a control device;
The manipulator feeding mechanism comprises a beam and a manipulator assembly, the beam stretches over the feeding mechanism, the steering mechanism, the discharging mechanism and the grinding mechanism, and the manipulator assembly is movably mounted on the beam; the mechanical arm assembly is in transmission connection with a transverse driving device and is used for driving the transverse driving device to move to a feeding mechanism, a steering mechanism, a discharging mechanism and a grinding mechanism along the cross beam so as to grab or place cross shaft parts; the mechanical arm assembly comprises a feeding clamping jaw and a discharging clamping jaw;
One end of the feeding mechanism is a discharging end, the other end of the feeding mechanism is a feeding end, the feeding mechanism is connected with a feeding power device in a transmission mode, and each time the feeding power device acts, the feeding mechanism is driven by the feeding power device to convey a cross shaft part to the feeding end;
The grinding mechanism comprises a grinding wheel assembly and a guide wheel assembly which are arranged side by side, and a bracket and a cutter plate for supporting the cross shaft part are arranged between the grinding wheel assembly and the guide wheel assembly; the guide wheel assembly is movably arranged on the machine body through a guide wheel feeding sliding table, the guide wheel feeding sliding table is in transmission connection with a guide wheel driving device, and the guide wheel driving device drives the guide wheel assembly to move so as to determine the excircle grinding size of the cross axle journal;
The steering mechanism is used for rotating the cross shaft part by 90 degrees, so that two neck shafts which are originally parallel to the cross beam become vertical to the cross beam, and two neck shafts which are originally vertical to the cross beam become parallel to the cross beam;
The discharging mechanism comprises a discharging end and a discharging end, and is in transmission connection with a discharging power device and used for conveying the cross-shaft part from the discharging end to the discharging end;
The movement of the mechanical arm assembly, the starting and stopping of the grinding wheel assembly and the movement of the guide wheel feeding sliding table are automatically controlled by a control device;
The mechanical arm component moves every time, the feeding clamping jaw and the discharging clamping jaw act simultaneously, the feeding mechanism, the steering mechanism, the discharging mechanism and the grinding mechanism are used for grabbing or placing the cross shaft parts, and the grinding mechanism is used for continuously machining the cross shaft parts.
preferably, the feeding end of the feeding mechanism, the steering mechanism, the discharging end of the discharging mechanism and the grinding mechanism are sequentially arranged under the mechanical arm assembly, the mechanical arm assembly moves every time, and the feeding clamping jaw and the discharging clamping jaw respectively grab or place the cross-shaft part at two stations in the feeding end, the steering mechanism, the discharging end and the grinding mechanism.
Preferably, the grinding wheel assembly comprises a front grinding wheel and a rear grinding wheel which are coaxially arranged, the guide wheel assembly comprises a front guide wheel and a rear guide wheel which are coaxially arranged, the front grinding wheel and the front guide wheel are arranged side by side to form a front grinding disc group, the rear grinding wheel and the rear guide wheel are arranged side by side to form a rear grinding disc group, and the front grinding disc group and the rear grinding disc group respectively realize the processing of two symmetrical journals of the same shaft of the cross-shaft part.
Preferably, the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding groove plate, the feeding groove plate comprises a fixed groove plate and a movable groove plate arranged in parallel with the fixed groove plate, two sides of the fixed groove plate and the movable groove plate are respectively provided with a placing part for correspondingly placing two shaft necks to be ground of the cross shaft part, the placing part is formed by arranging a plurality of notches matched with the shaft necks of the cross shaft, the tops of the fixed groove plate and the movable groove plate are provided with an interval with more than one notch depth, and the feeding end is provided with an interval with one notch; the movable groove plate is provided with a vertical driving device for driving at least one notch depth upwards and downwards and a horizontal driving device for driving one notch distance forwards and backwards, the movable groove plate moves upwards and forwards once to convey a cross shaft part to the feeding end, and moves downwards and backwards once to reset; and a first position sensor is arranged at the position, close to the feeding end, of the feeding mechanism.
Preferably, a flattening device is further arranged at a position close to the feeding end, the flattening device and the first position sensor are in linkage control, and the flattening device is used for flattening the cross shaft part conveyed to the feeding end along the horizontal direction.
preferably, the steering mechanism comprises a cross-shaped groove plate for placing cross shaft parts, the cross-shaped groove plate is in transmission connection with a rotary power device for driving the cross-shaped groove plate to rotate forwards by 90 degrees and rotate backwards to reset in the horizontal direction, a second position sensor is arranged on the cross-shaped groove plate, and the second position sensor and the rotary power device are in linkage control.
preferably, the movement of the mechanical arm assembly is divided into transverse movement and up-and-down movement, and the mechanical arm assembly is driven by a transverse driving device to do transverse movement along the cross beam and driven by a vertical driving device to do up-and-down movement; the vertical driving device comprises a first vertical driving device for driving the mechanical arm assembly to synchronously move up and down, a second vertical driving device for driving the feeding clamping jaw to move up and down independently and a third vertical driving device for driving the discharging clamping jaw to move up and down independently.
preferably, a grinding wheel dresser is arranged on the grinding wheel assembly, and comprises a Z-direction dresser for realizing dressing in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the grinding wheel and an X-direction dresser for realizing dressing in a direction parallel to the axis of the grinding wheel, a grinding wheel dressing program is arranged in the control device, and linkage interpolation is realized by the grinding wheel dressing program in the dressing of the grinding wheel dresser in two directions.
Preferably, the rotating speed of the grinding wheel assembly is subjected to stepless speed regulation through the control device, and the linear speed of the grinding wheel assembly in the peripheral direction is kept unchanged in the machining process; the dressing of the grinding wheel automatically runs through the control device, an operator sets a machining quantity value through the control device, when the machining quantity of the grinding mechanism reaches the value, the grinding machine suspends machining, and the control device calls a grinding wheel dressing program to enable the grinding wheel dresser to automatically dress the grinding wheel assembly; after finishing, the control device automatically calculates the new diameter and the new rotating speed of the grinding wheel according to the finishing amount, automatically adjusts the diameter and the rotating speed of the grinding wheel, and then continues grinding.
the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the automatic processing device has the advantages that the automatic processing of the universal joint pin can be realized only by placing the universal joint pin part to be processed on the feeding mechanism by an operator, and the processed part is grabbed by the mechanical arm assembly to the discharging mechanism for automatic discharging, so that one operator can operate multiple devices, the automatic program is improved, and the labor cost is reduced; 2. the processing is continuously carried out, two parts are processed in one processing cycle, the mechanical arm component grabs the first part to the grinding mechanism, the first shaft is processed, after the first shaft of the first part is processed, the mechanical arm component grabs the first part to the steering mechanism to steer (the steering aim is to align and rotate the second shaft which is in a free state to enable the axis of the second shaft to be parallel to the axis of the grinding wheel, the mechanical arm component grabs the first shaft of the grinding mechanism to be processed conveniently, the mechanical arm component grabs the second part to the first shaft of the grinding mechanism during steering, when the first shaft of the second part is processed, the first part is steered well and is grabbed above the grinding mechanism by the mechanical arm component to wait, at the moment, the mechanical arm component grabs the second part to steer, the first part is placed on the grinding mechanism to process the second shaft, after the second shaft of the first part is processed, the mechanical arm assembly grabs the second part on the discharging mechanism, grabs the second part which is well turned to the second grinding mechanism processing shaft, after the second part shaft is processed, the mechanical arm assembly grabs the second part shaft and puts the second part shaft on the discharging mechanism, grabs the third part simultaneously, puts the third part shaft on the grinding mechanism processing shaft, starts the next cycle action, and the cycle is repeated; thus, one part is in the process of turning, the other part is in the process of machining, and the grinding mechanism has no idle period. The existing automatic cross shaft feeding and discharging mechanical arm on the market is basically continuously processed by a first shaft and a second shaft, and a grinding mechanism is in an idle state when the mechanical arm turns, so that the defect is overcome, and the processing efficiency is obviously improved; 3. the steering mechanism is arranged outside the grinder body, and the transposition process is safe and reliable. At present, in the existing automatic cross shaft feeding and discharging mechanical arm on the market, a steering mechanism is basically arranged on a bracket, the transposition process is carried out above a grinding wheel rotating at a high speed, and safety accidents can be caused if actions are wrong or faults (such as part falling and the like) occur in the transposition process. In addition, in the transposition process, the cooling water is always in an open state, the transposition mechanism is arranged above the grinding wheel, the whole mechanism is in a water mist environment for a long time, and parts such as an air cylinder, a motor, a detection switch and the like are easily damaged and break down, so that the reliability of the whole system is reduced. The invention well overcomes the two defects, and obviously improves the safety and the reliability; 4. the up-and-down movement of the clamping jaws is driven by two vertical driving devices together, so that the moving speed is improved, and meanwhile, a plurality of working positions of each clamping jaw do not need to be positioned on the same horizontal plane, thereby greatly facilitating the tool setting operation of the up-and-down positions of the clamping jaws. 5. All electrical control is completed by a numerical control system, and the integration level is high and the reliability is good. The rotating speed of the grinding wheel can be steplessly regulated through a frequency converter, a linear speed is set, and the system automatically calculates the rotating speed of the grinding wheel after the grinding wheel passes through the given linear speed. After the grinding wheel is dressed, the system automatically calculates the diameter and the rotating speed of the new grinding wheel according to the dressing amount and automatically makes adjustment. Therefore, in the using process of the grinding wheel, the diameter is gradually reduced, the rotating speed of the main shaft is gradually increased, the linear speed of the grinding wheel is kept unchanged, and the surface roughness of the machined part is kept consistent. 6. The dressing of the grinding wheel and the feeding of the guide wheel are controlled by the same numerical control system and automatically run.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a differential spider and a universal joint spider;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a view of another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a robot assembly in the practice of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 2.
Detailed Description
the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will make the advantages and features of the invention easier to understand by those skilled in the art, and thus will clearly and clearly define the scope of the invention.
referring to fig. 1 to 5, an embodiment of the present invention includes:
A centerless cylindrical grinder special for a cross shaft comprises a machine body 1, a feeding mechanism 7, a manipulator feeding mechanism, a grinding mechanism, a steering mechanism 8, a discharging mechanism 9 and a control device (not shown in the figure);
the manipulator feeding mechanism comprises a cross beam 13 and a mechanical arm assembly 6, the cross beam 13 spans over the feeding mechanism 7, the steering mechanism 8, the discharging mechanism 9 and the grinding mechanism, and the mechanical arm assembly 6 is movably mounted on the cross beam 13; and the mechanical arm assembly 6 moves to the feeding mechanism 7, the steering mechanism 8, the discharging mechanism 9 and the grinding mechanism along the cross beam 13 to grab or place the cross shaft part 11.
One end of the feeding mechanism 7 is a discharging end 701, the other end is a feeding end 702, the feeding mechanism 7 comprises a feeding trough plate, the feeding trough plate comprises an inner trough plate 704 and an outer trough plate 703 sleeved outside, two sides of the inner trough plate 704 and the outer trough plate 704 are respectively provided with a placing part for correspondingly placing two shaft necks to be ground of the cross shaft part 11, the placing part is formed by arranging a plurality of notches matched with the shaft necks of the cross shaft, the tops of the outer trough plate 703 and the inner trough plate 704 are provided with an interval with more than one notch depth, and the feeding end is provided with an interval with one notch; the bottom of the inner groove plate 704 is provided with a first cylinder which drives at least one notch depth upwards and downwards and a first stepping motor which drives one notch distance forwards and backwards, the inner groove plate 704 moves upwards and forwards once to convey one cross shaft part 11 to the feeding end 702, and moves downwards and backwards once to reset; the feeding mechanism 7 is provided with a first position sensor 14 near the feeding end 702.
The grinding mechanism comprises a grinding wheel component 3 and a guide wheel component 4 which are arranged side by side, and a bracket and a cutter plate 12 for supporting a cross shaft part are arranged between the grinding wheel component 3 and the guide wheel component 4; the guide wheel assembly 4 is movably arranged on the machine body 1 through a guide wheel feeding sliding table 2, the guide wheel feeding sliding table 2 is in transmission connection with a guide wheel feeding motor 10, and the guide wheel feeding motor 10 drives the guide wheel assembly 4 to move so as to determine the external grinding size of the cross shaft journal; the grinding wheel assembly 3 comprises a front grinding wheel and a rear grinding wheel which are coaxially arranged, the guide wheel assembly 4 comprises a front guide wheel and a rear guide wheel which are coaxially arranged, the front grinding wheel and the front guide wheel are arranged side by side to form a front grinding disc group, the rear grinding wheel and the rear guide wheel are arranged side by side to form a rear grinding disc group, and the front grinding disc group and the rear grinding disc group respectively realize the processing of two symmetrical shaft necks of the same shaft of the cross-shaft part; the axial directions of the grinding wheel assembly 3 and the guide wheel assembly 4 are both parallel to the beam 13.
The steering mechanism 8 is arranged outside the machine body 1 and used for rotating the cross shaft part 11 by 90 degrees, so that two neck shafts originally parallel to the cross beam 13 become vertical to the cross beam 13, and two neck shafts originally perpendicular to the cross beam 13 become parallel to the cross beam 13; the steering mechanism 8 comprises a cross-shaped groove plate used for placing the cross-shaft part 11, a first shaft placing part and a second shaft placing part used for placing two shafts of the cross-shaft part are respectively arranged on the cross-shaped groove plate, the first shaft placing part is parallel to the cross beam 13, the cross-shaped groove plate is in transmission connection with a rotary cylinder which drives the cross-shaped groove plate to rotate forwards by 90 degrees and reversely and reset in the horizontal direction, a second position sensor is arranged at a position close to the first shaft placing part, and the second position sensor and the rotary cylinder are in linkage control.
The discharging mechanism 9 comprises a conveying belt, one end of the conveying section is a discharging end 901, the other end of the conveying section is a discharging end 902, and the conveying belt is driven by a discharging motor to convey the cross-shaft part from the discharging end 901 to the discharging end 902.
The mechanical arm assembly 6 comprises a feeding clamping jaw 601 and a discharging clamping jaw 602; the movement of the mechanical arm assembly 6 is divided into transverse movement and up-and-down movement, the mechanical arm assembly 6 is driven by a transverse motor 611 to do transverse movement along the cross beam 13 and driven by a vertical motor 609 to do up-and-down movement; the feeding clamping jaw 601 is provided with a first air cylinder 604 for independently driving the feeding clamping jaw to move up and down and a second air cylinder 605 for driving the clamping cross-shaft part, and the discharging clamping jaw 602 is provided with a third air cylinder 606 for independently driving the discharging clamping jaw to move up and down and a fourth air cylinder 607 for driving the clamping cross-shaft part. The feeding end 702 of the feeding mechanism 7, the steering mechanism 8, the grinding mechanism and the discharging end 901 of the discharging mechanism 9 are sequentially arranged under the mechanical arm assembly 6, the mechanical arm assembly 6 moves to the feeding end 702, the steering mechanism 8, the discharging end 901 and the grinding mechanism along the cross beam 13, and the feeding clamping jaw 601 or the discharging clamping jaw 602 acts to grab or place the cross-shaft part 11 at each station.
The loading jaw 601 and the unloading jaw 602 are both mounted on a fixed plate 603, and the fixed plate 603 is movably mounted on a transverse slide 610 through a longitudinal slide 608. When the transverse motor 611 drives the transverse sliding table 610 to make transverse displacement along the cross beam 13, the mechanical arm assembly 6 makes transverse displacement along with the transverse movement; when the vertical motor 609 drives the longitudinal sliding table 608 to move up and down relative to the transverse sliding table 610, the feeding clamping jaw 601 and the discharging clamping jaw 602 move up and down simultaneously. When the first cylinder 604 acts, the feeding paw 601 independently moves up and down; when the cylinder three 606 acts, the discharging paw 602 moves up and down independently.
Through the arrangement, in the actual working process, three working positions (three of four positions, namely the feeding mechanism 7, the steering mechanism 8, the discharging mechanism 9 and the grinding mechanism) of the two clamping jaws can be out of the same horizontal plane, and the vertical movement of each clamping jaw is realized by the simultaneous action of the vertical motor 609 and the corresponding cylinder, so that the moving speed is improved, and meanwhile, the tool setting operation of the upper position and the lower position of the clamping jaw is greatly facilitated.
the grinding wheel assembly 3 is provided with a grinding wheel dresser 5 which comprises a Z-direction dresser 501 for realizing dressing in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the grinding wheel and an X-direction dresser 502 for realizing dressing in a direction parallel to the axis of the grinding wheel, a grinding wheel dressing program is arranged in the control device, and the dressing of the grinding wheel dresser 5 in two directions is realized through the grinding wheel dressing program in linkage interpolation, linear interpolation, circular interpolation and the like can be carried out, so that the grinding wheel can be dressed into a designed shape. The rotating speed of the grinding wheel assembly 3 is subjected to stepless speed regulation through the control device, and the linear speed of the grinding wheel assembly 3 in the peripheral direction is always kept unchanged in the machining process; the dressing of the grinding wheel automatically runs through the control device, an operator sets a machining quantity value through the control device, when the machining quantity of the grinding mechanism reaches the value, the grinding machine suspends machining, and the control device calls a grinding wheel dressing program to enable the grinding wheel dresser 5 to automatically dress the grinding wheel assembly; after finishing, the control device automatically calculates the new diameter and the new rotating speed of the grinding wheel according to the finishing amount, automatically adjusts the diameter and the rotating speed of the grinding wheel, and then continues grinding.
The motion of the mechanical arm assembly 6, the start and stop of the grinding wheel assembly 3, the motion of the guide wheel feeding sliding table 2, the speed regulation of the grinding wheel assembly 3 and the finishing of the grinding wheel assembly 3 are all automatically controlled by a control device.
Each time the mechanical arm assembly 6 moves, the feeding clamping jaw 601 and the discharging clamping jaw 602 act simultaneously to grab or place the cross-shaft part on the feeding mechanism 7, the steering mechanism 8, the discharging mechanism 9 and the grinding mechanism, and the grinding mechanism realizes continuous processing of the cross-shaft part 11. Two parts are processed in one processing cycle of the grinding machine, the mechanical arm assembly 6 grabs a first part to the grinding mechanism, after the first shaft of the first part is processed, the mechanical arm assembly 6 grabs the first part to the steering mechanism 8 to steer (the steering aim is to align and rotate the second shaft in a free state to enable the axis of the second shaft to be parallel to the axis of the grinding wheel, the mechanical arm assembly 6 grabs the grinding mechanism to process conveniently, the mechanical arm assembly 6 grabs the second part to the first shaft of the grinding mechanism during steering, when the first shaft of the second part is processed, the first part is steered well and is grabbed above the grinding mechanism by the mechanical arm assembly 6 to wait, at the moment, the mechanical arm assembly 6 grabs the second part to steer, the first part is placed on the grinding mechanism to process the second shaft, after the second shaft of the first part is processed, the mechanical arm assembly 6 grabs the second part on the discharging mechanism 9, and grabs the second part which is well turned to the second grinding mechanism processing shaft, after the second part is processed, the mechanical arm assembly 6 grabs the second part and puts the second part on the discharging mechanism 9, and grabs the third part at the same time, puts the third part on the first grinding mechanism processing shaft, starts the next cycle action, and repeats in such a cycle; therefore, when one part is turned, the other part is machined, and the grinding mechanism has no idle period, so that the machining efficiency is greatly improved.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A centerless cylindrical grinding machine special for a cross shaft comprises a machine body, a feeding mechanism, a manipulator feeding mechanism, a grinding mechanism, a steering mechanism, a discharging mechanism and a control device;
The manipulator feeding mechanism comprises a beam and a manipulator assembly, the beam stretches over the feeding mechanism, the steering mechanism, the discharging mechanism and the grinding mechanism, and the manipulator assembly is movably mounted on the beam; the mechanical arm assembly is in transmission connection with a transverse driving device and is used for driving the transverse driving device to move to a feeding mechanism, a steering mechanism, a discharging mechanism and a grinding mechanism along the cross beam so as to grab or place cross shaft parts; the mechanical arm assembly comprises a feeding clamping jaw and a discharging clamping jaw;
One end of the feeding mechanism is a discharging end, the other end of the feeding mechanism is a feeding end, the feeding mechanism is connected with a feeding power device in a transmission mode, and each time the feeding power device acts, the feeding mechanism is driven by the feeding power device to convey a cross shaft part to the feeding end;
the grinding mechanism comprises a grinding wheel assembly and a guide wheel assembly which are arranged side by side, and a bracket and a cutter plate for supporting the cross shaft part are arranged between the grinding wheel assembly and the guide wheel assembly; the guide wheel assembly is movably arranged on the machine body through a guide wheel feeding sliding table, the guide wheel feeding sliding table is in transmission connection with a guide wheel driving device, and the guide wheel driving device drives the guide wheel assembly to move so as to determine the excircle grinding size of the cross axle journal;
The steering mechanism is used for rotating the cross shaft part by 90 degrees, so that two neck shafts which are originally parallel to the cross beam become vertical to the cross beam, and two neck shafts which are originally vertical to the cross beam become parallel to the cross beam;
The discharging mechanism comprises a discharging end and a discharging end, and is in transmission connection with a discharging power device and used for conveying the cross-shaft part from the discharging end to the discharging end;
The movement of the mechanical arm assembly, the starting and stopping of the grinding wheel assembly and the movement of the guide wheel feeding sliding table are automatically controlled by a control device;
the mechanical arm component moves every time, the feeding clamping jaw and the discharging clamping jaw act simultaneously, the feeding mechanism, the steering mechanism, the discharging mechanism and the grinding mechanism are used for grabbing or placing the cross shaft parts, and the grinding mechanism is used for continuously machining the cross shaft parts.
2. the centerless cylindrical grinding machine special for the cross shaft as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feeding end of the feeding mechanism, the steering mechanism, the discharging end of the discharging mechanism and the grinding mechanism are sequentially arranged right below the mechanical arm assembly, and each time the mechanical arm assembly moves, the feeding clamping jaw and the discharging clamping jaw respectively grab or place cross shaft parts at two stations of the feeding end, the steering mechanism, the discharging end and the grinding mechanism.
3. The centerless cylindrical grinding machine special for the cross shaft is characterized in that the grinding wheel assembly comprises a front grinding wheel and a rear grinding wheel which are coaxially arranged, the guide wheel assembly comprises a front guide wheel and a rear guide wheel which are coaxially arranged, the front grinding wheel and the front guide wheel are arranged side by side to form a front grinding disc group, the rear grinding wheel and the rear guide wheel are arranged side by side to form a rear grinding disc group, and the front grinding disc group and the rear grinding disc group respectively realize the processing of two symmetrical journals of the same shaft of the cross shaft part.
4. The centerless cylindrical grinder special for the universal joint pin according to claim 1, wherein the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding groove plate, the feeding groove plate comprises a fixed groove plate and a movable groove plate arranged in parallel with the fixed groove plate, two sides of the fixed groove plate and the movable groove plate are respectively provided with a placing part for correspondingly placing two shaft necks to be ground of the universal joint pin, the placing part is formed by arranging a plurality of notches matched with the shaft necks of the universal joint pin, the tops of the fixed groove plate and the movable groove plate are provided with an interval with more than one notch depth, and the feeding end is provided with an interval with one notch; the movable groove plate is provided with a vertical driving device for driving at least one notch depth upwards and downwards and a horizontal driving device for driving one notch distance forwards and backwards, the movable groove plate moves upwards and forwards once to convey a cross shaft part to the feeding end, and moves downwards and backwards once to reset; and a first position sensor is arranged at the position, close to the feeding end, of the feeding mechanism.
5. The centerless cylindrical grinder of claim 4, wherein a leveling device is further provided near the feeding end, the leveling device and the first position sensor are controlled in an interlocking manner, and the leveling device is used for leveling the cross shaft parts conveyed to the feeding end in the horizontal direction.
6. the centerless cylindrical grinder of claim 1, wherein the steering mechanism comprises a cross groove plate for placing cross shaft parts, the cross groove plate is in transmission connection with a rotary power device for driving the cross shaft parts to rotate forwards by 90 degrees and reversely to reset in the horizontal direction, and a second position sensor is arranged on the cross groove plate and is in interlocking control with the rotary power device.
7. The centerless cylindrical grinder special for the cross shaft is characterized in that the movement of the mechanical arm assembly is divided into transverse movement and up-and-down movement, the mechanical arm assembly is driven by a transverse driving device to move transversely along the cross beam and driven by a vertical driving device to move up and down; the vertical driving device comprises a first vertical driving device for driving the mechanical arm assembly to synchronously move up and down, a second vertical driving device for driving the feeding clamping jaw to move up and down independently and a third vertical driving device for driving the discharging clamping jaw to move up and down independently.
8. The centerless cylindrical grinding machine special for the cross shaft as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grinding wheel assembly is provided with a grinding wheel dresser, the grinding wheel dresser comprises a Z-direction dresser for realizing dressing in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the grinding wheel and an X-direction dresser for realizing dressing in a direction parallel to the axis of the grinding wheel, the control device is internally provided with a grinding wheel dressing program, and the dressing of the grinding wheel dresser in two directions is realized by the grinding wheel dressing program through linkage interpolation.
9. The centerless cylindrical grinding machine special for the cross shaft as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotating speed of the grinding wheel assembly is steplessly adjusted by the control device, and the linear speed of the peripheral direction of the grinding wheel assembly is kept unchanged in the machining process; the dressing of the grinding wheel automatically runs through the control device, an operator sets a machining quantity value through the control device, when the machining quantity of the grinding mechanism reaches the value, the grinding machine suspends machining, and the control device calls a grinding wheel dressing program to enable the grinding wheel dresser to automatically dress the grinding wheel assembly; after finishing, the control device automatically calculates the new diameter and the new rotating speed of the grinding wheel according to the finishing amount, automatically adjusts the diameter and the rotating speed of the grinding wheel, and then continues grinding.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910952255.0A CN110549176A (en) | 2019-10-09 | 2019-10-09 | dedicated centerless cylindrical grinder of cross axle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910952255.0A CN110549176A (en) | 2019-10-09 | 2019-10-09 | dedicated centerless cylindrical grinder of cross axle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110549176A true CN110549176A (en) | 2019-12-10 |
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ID=68742291
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910952255.0A Pending CN110549176A (en) | 2019-10-09 | 2019-10-09 | dedicated centerless cylindrical grinder of cross axle |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN110549176A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113172544A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-07-27 | 阳光学院 | Full-automatic grinding machine tool for cross shaft end face |
| CN114211354A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-03-22 | 杭州春源自动化科技有限公司 | Feeding and discharging bracket device for cross-shaped workpiece, grinding machine and control method |
-
2019
- 2019-10-09 CN CN201910952255.0A patent/CN110549176A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113172544A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-07-27 | 阳光学院 | Full-automatic grinding machine tool for cross shaft end face |
| CN114211354A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-03-22 | 杭州春源自动化科技有限公司 | Feeding and discharging bracket device for cross-shaped workpiece, grinding machine and control method |
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