CN110548840A - device and method for adding heated solid-state covering slag into crystallizer in continuous casting process - Google Patents
device and method for adding heated solid-state covering slag into crystallizer in continuous casting process Download PDFInfo
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- CN110548840A CN110548840A CN201910952714.5A CN201910952714A CN110548840A CN 110548840 A CN110548840 A CN 110548840A CN 201910952714 A CN201910952714 A CN 201910952714A CN 110548840 A CN110548840 A CN 110548840A
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 33
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 33
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000713 high-energy ball milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 F - Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000954 Medium-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001260 Pt alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/108—Feeding additives, powders, or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/111—Treating the molten metal by using protecting powders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
- B22D11/181—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level
- B22D11/182—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level by measuring temperature
Abstract
the invention relates to a device and a method for adding heated solid-state covering slag into a crystallizer in a continuous casting process, which comprises the continuous casting crystallizer and a crystallizer platform and is characterized in that a trolley driving system is arranged on the right side of the continuous casting crystallizer, a covering slag heating system is arranged on the upper part of the trolley driving system, the trolley driving system comprises a trolley bottom plate, a supporting frame of a covering slag heating rectangular unit, a motor, a power input and output lead, a trolley pushing handle and a trolley driving wheel, and the covering slag heating system comprises a slag adding hopper, a covering slag heating rectangular unit, a hydraulic machine, a pressure sensing valve and a fixed support. The device for adding the heating solid-state covering slag into the crystallizer is used for heating the solid-state covering slag, so that the superheat degree of molten steel is reduced due to the fact that the covering slag absorbs too much heat of the molten steel, the meniscus position of the crystallizer can be kept at a high temperature, the vibration mark hooks are relatively shallow, impurities and bubbles are not easy to adsorb, the surface quality of a casting blank is improved, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel smelting, and particularly relates to a device and a method for adding heated solid-state covering slag into a crystallizer in a continuous casting process.
Background
- +The problem that the temperature of a continuous casting mold is reduced due to the fact that the temperature of the molten steel is reduced, the slag ring can obstruct slag from flowing into a gap between a crystallizer wall and a shell, even a slag channel is blocked, the thickness of a slag film between the shell and the crystallizer wall is uneven, lubrication is poor, the quality of a casting blank is caused, even an accident that steel is bonded and leaked occurs, and the like is solved.
Patent publication No.: CN109676101A discloses a continuous casting crystallizer nano covering slag and a preparation method thereof. Spherical nano particles with the volume ratio of 0.1-50% are doped in the covering slag, wherein the spherical nano particles have the advantages of high heat conductivity coefficient, good sphericity, proper particle size and the like, so that uniform and stable nanofluid can be formed in the liquid covering slag, the interface energy between the spherical nano particles and the solid covering slag is high enough, and the van der Waals acting force is low enough, so that the nano particles can be uniformly distributed in the liquid covering slag without obvious agglomeration, and the covering slag can be added to form the continuous casting crystallizer nano covering slag, has excellent heat transfer performance and lubricating performance, can improve the quality of a casting blank, and is suitable for producing products with special specifications (such as extra-thick plates) and products with special continuous casting processes (such as ultrahigh casting speed). However, the solid mold flux at normal temperature is added, so that the heat of the molten steel is consumed for melting, the temperature of the molten steel is reduced, a long meniscus hook is formed, impurities are adsorbed, and the quality of a casting blank is influenced. The nano-casting powder prepared by utilizing the spherical nano-particles has good heat transfer performance, can improve the cooling effect of the crystallizer, but also can cause the temperature of the upper surface of molten steel to be lost more quickly due to better heat transfer performance, and is more beneficial to the growth of meniscus hooks. In addition, the use of the nano mold flux continuous casting will raise the cost to some extent for the production of steel grades of ordinary specifications. Moreover, the preparation process of the nano mold flux is complex, spherical nano particles are firstly dispersed, then the dispersed spherical nano particles are added into a mold flux matrix, and then high-energy ball milling is carried out, wherein the longest time of the high-energy ball milling can reach 2 hours.
The invention discloses a multifunctional crystallizer casting powder special for a thin slab at a high drawing speed and a preparation method thereof, wherein the casting powder comprises, by weight, 26-35 parts of CaO, 20-30 parts of SiO 2, 3-8 parts of Al 2 O 3, 0.5-2 parts of Li 2 O, 3-8 parts of MgO, 5-11 parts of Na 2 O, 6-12 parts of F and 1-8 parts of C, the casting powder can better control heat transfer capacity and lubricating capacity in a compatible manner, can meet the requirements of low-carbon steel, medium-carbon steel and peritectic steel continuous casting processes, and is simple in preparation method and easy to operate, but the casting powder is the casting powder at normal temperature, still needs to absorb heat for melting, further forms a slag ring on a meniscus, blocks a slag flowing channel, has poor lubricating effect, influences smooth running, the casting powder is added with F-, Na + ions and the like for better compatibility of heat transfer performance and lubricating performance, is particularly suitable for being applied to thin slab drawing at a high drawing speed, and is particularly suitable for being more than 5.5.
Patent publication No.: CN 109332618A discloses a billet continuous casting covering slag adding device and a continuous casting method thereof. The slag adding device is invented for ensuring a protective slag liquid slag layer with enough thickness, avoiding the contact between a primary solidified blank shell on the upper part of a crystallizer copper pipe and a protective slag molten layer with high carbon content and preventing the surface of a casting blank from being carburized. This covering slag adds sediment device includes the covering slag house steward and sets up the bipartition branch pipe with the covering slag house steward intercommunication in covering slag house steward upper end, and bipartition branch pipe becomes the Y font with the covering slag house steward, guarantees the interior powder slag layer thickness uniformity of crystallizer, forms the covering slag liquid slag layer that thickness is unanimous, has avoided the covering slag to pile up in the crystallizer part, the uneven problem of liquid slag layer thickness. Although the thickness of the liquid slag layer of the casting slag can be uniform by the slag adding device, the solid casting slag at normal temperature is added, the thickness of the molten slag layer formed by melting depends on the heat absorbed by molten steel, the superheat degree of the molten steel is certain, and the amount of the molten casting slag which can be melted is certain, so that the thickness of the liquid slag layer is not increased, the thickness of the liquid slag layer cannot be increased, namely, the slag consumption cannot be increased, the lubricating effect is not improved, and the risk of steel leakage exists. In addition, the device is complex to operate, has limitation in application and is only suitable for continuous casting of small square billets.
2 2 2 2 -the method adopts two types of covering slag with different melting points, can solve the problems that the temperature distribution of a casting liquid surface is not uniform, the temperature difference of the casting section is large, the melting amount of the covering slag in a high-temperature area is large, the proportion of liquid slag is large, and the covering slag layer is unstable when the single-point casting is carried out, so that the covering slag of the crystallizer is uniformly dissolved to obtain a good covering slag layer.
Patent publication No.: CN 109351928A discloses a method for preventing the surface longitudinal cracks of a hypo-peritectic steel casting blank. During the solidification of the sub-peritectic steel, delta Fe → gamma Fe phase transformation occurs in a peritectic region (L + delta → gamma), large volume shrinkage is generated, a solidified blank shell is separated from a crystallizer copper plate to form an air gap, the heat transfer rate from the blank shell to the crystallizer is reduced, the blank shell becomes thin, and a recess is formed on the surface. Meanwhile, because the thickness of the blank shell is uneven, the weakest part of the solidified blank shell generates crack stress concentration lines under the action of thermal stress, friction force, ferrostatic pressure and the like. The process method adopted by the prior art mainly adopts high-alkalinity crystalline mold flux to achieve the purposes of slowing down heat transfer and reducing cracks. However, too high a crystallization rate tends to deteriorate the lubrication of the cast slab, resulting in slab sticking and breakout. The invention provides a method for preventing longitudinal cracks on the surface of a hypo-peritectic steel casting blank, which is characterized in that casting powder with the alkalinity of 1.2-1.4 and the viscosity of 0.08-0.14 Pa.s at 1300 ℃ is adopted in the continuous casting process, the water quantity of a crystallizer is reduced by 5% -10%, the water inlet temperature of the crystallizer is controlled to be 28-35 ℃, and the lubrication effect of the casting powder is reduced after the alkalinity of the casting powder is increased, so that the negative slip time is reduced by adopting non-sinusoidal vibration and a vibration mode with high vibration frequency and small amplitude, the lubrication is improved, and the longitudinal cracks on the surface of the hypo-peritectic steel casting blank are prevented. The core of the method is that the alkalinity of the casting powder is expected to be improved, the viscosity of the casting powder is not changed, and the viscosity of the casting powder is in direct proportion to the consumption of the quantity of the casting powder, but because the casting powder at normal temperature is used, the casting powder is melted by absorbing the heat of molten steel, the superheat degree of the molten steel is certain, so that the thickness of a formed liquid slag layer is certain, the effect of reducing the viscosity is not achieved, the fluidity of the casting powder is poor, the lubricating effect is poor, and the quality of a casting blank is poor. Therefore, the patent needs to adopt the covering slag meeting the requirements, adjust the water quantity of the crystallizer, control the water inlet temperature of the crystallizer, change a series of parameters such as the vibration form of the crystallizer and the like, and has higher operation difficulty.
Patent publication No.: CN 101479061 a, discloses a continuous casting machine and a continuous casting method using molten mold flux. The continuous casting machine includes: a mold cover, a mold flux melting unit, and a mold flux delivery unit, wherein the mold flux delivery unit includes an injection tube and an injection tube heater. The continuous casting method comprises the following steps: the casting powder used in the continuous casting process is melted outside the crystallizer, and the liquid casting powder is added to the molten steel surface of the crystallizer through a molten casting powder continuous casting machine, so that slag blocks are effectively removed, the consumption of the casting powder is greatly increased, and the lubricating effect is good. However, the liquid mold flux has high requirements on high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and tightness of a container and a transmission pipeline, and platinum or platinum alloy is required to be used at the joint or contact part of an injection pipe and the injection pipe, so that the cost is extremely high. In addition, the liquid mold flux in a high temperature state has a high risk, and the slag adding operation needs to be performed with great care. The method is in a test stage at present and is not applied to industrial production.
Patent publication No.: CN 105750519 a discloses a method and a device for improving the surface quality of a continuous casting blank by adding molten mold flux. A crystallizer liquid covering slag adding system is arranged above a crystallizer, the system adopts a medium-frequency induction heating technology to melt solid covering slag and heat the solid covering slag to a certain temperature, a stopper rod is adopted to control the outflow of the liquid covering slag, the liquid covering slag is added into the crystallizer after passing through a liquid covering slag distributor and a flow guide pipe, and a full-liquid covering slag layer is formed on the upper part of the steel water of the crystallizer. Meanwhile, a crystallizer heat-insulating cover is additionally arranged at the upper part of the crystallizer, so that the radiation heat loss at the upper part of the crystallizer is reduced. In the continuous casting process, the addition of the casting powder is controlled according to the thickness of the liquid slag layer, so that the surface quality of the casting blank can be improved. However, the liquid mold flux has high fluidity and is very difficult to control, the amount of outflow of the liquid mold flux is difficult to accurately control by using the stopper rod, the flux leaks easily, and the requirements on the performance of the heating container and the pipeline are high. In addition, the medium frequency induction heating technology that this patent adopted needs the water cooling system, and liquid covering slag and molten steel meet the water and explode easily, and danger is higher. Moreover, the present invention does not refer to a detailed distribution manner, and cannot ensure that the liquid mold flux flowing into the mold is rapidly and uniformly spread over the surface of the molten steel. The method is still in a test stage at present and is not applied to industrial production.
At present, the mold flux used in the continuous casting production is still solid mold flux at normal temperature, the mold flux meets the continuous casting requirements of most steel grades, but the problems of poor casting blank quality, unsmooth continuous casting and the like still exist, and the mold flux is particularly applied to high-performance steel grades in high-end technical fields, such as high-manganese high-aluminum steel. In addition, the reduction of the temperature of the molten steel causes the slag ring to expand, blocks a slag flowing channel, causes the lubricating effect to be poor, and further causes the problems of casting blank quality, non-smooth continuous casting and the like. Although the methods mentioned in the above patents alleviate the casting blank quality problem and the continuous casting non-smooth problem caused by the reduction of molten steel to a certain extent, the methods all have certain defects and application limitations, such as complex operation, high cost, high risk and the like, and are not applied to industrial production at present.
Disclosure of Invention
the invention aims to provide a device and a method for adding heated solid-state covering slag into a crystallizer in a continuous casting process, which can maintain the position of a meniscus of the crystallizer at a higher temperature, ensure that a vibration mark hook is relatively shallow, are not easy to absorb impurities and bubbles, and improve the surface quality of a casting blank.
The object of the invention is thus achieved.
The device for adding the heating solid-state covering slag into the crystallizer in the continuous casting process comprises the continuous casting crystallizer and a crystallizer platform, and is characterized in that a trolley driving system is arranged on the right side of the continuous casting crystallizer, a covering slag heating system is arranged on the upper part of the trolley driving system,
the trolley driving system comprises a trolley bottom plate, a supporting frame of a rectangular covering slag heating unit, a motor, a power input lead and a power output lead, a trolley pushing handle and a trolley driving wheel, wherein the supporting frame is arranged on the trolley bottom plate;
The casting powder heating system comprises a casting powder feeding funnel, a casting powder heating rectangular unit, a hydraulic machine, a pressure sensing valve and a fixed support, wherein the fixed support and the hydraulic machine are respectively fixed on the upper portion of a supporting frame, the casting powder heating rectangular unit is obliquely arranged on the upper portion of the supporting frame through the fixed support and the hydraulic machine, the casting powder feeding funnel is arranged at the upper feeding end of the casting powder heating rectangular unit, the discharging end of the lower portion of the casting powder heating rectangular unit is arranged on the upper portion of a crystallizer platform, and the pressure sensing valve is arranged at the discharging end of the lower portion of the casting powder heating rectangular unit.
as a further optimization of the present invention, the rectangular unit for heating the mold powder consists of a mold powder heating chamber, a stainless steel plate, an asbestos protection layer, a heat-conducting copper plate and a heating element, wherein the stainless steel plate and the asbestos protection layer are arranged on the upper part of the mold powder heating chamber, the heat-conducting copper plate and the heating element are arranged on the lower part of the mold powder heating chamber, and a plurality of temperature thermocouples are symmetrically arranged on the upper part and the lower part of the mold powder heating chamber respectively.
the invention is further optimized by that the thickness of the asbestos is 0.01-0.03 m, the thermal conductivity coefficient of the asbestos is lambda 1 0.16-0.37W/m.DEG C, the melting point of the stainless steel plate is 1300-1600 ℃, the thickness of the asbestos is S 2 is 0.005-0.02 m, the thermal conductivity coefficient of the stainless steel plate is 10-30W/m.DEG C, the bottom area of the protective slag heating chamber is A, m 2, the thickness of the protective slag heating chamber is 0.1-0.5 m, the melting point T of the heat-conducting copper plate is 800-1100 ℃, and the thermal conductivity coefficients of the materials are all at 300 ℃.
As a further optimization of the invention, the inclination angle of the rectangular covering slag heating unit is an angle beta, namely the included angle beta between the rectangular covering slag heating unit and the horizontal plane is 0-90 degrees.
The invention discloses a method for adding heated solid-state covering slag into a crystallizer in a continuous casting process, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Step 1, before continuous casting starts, adding solid covering slag into a covering slag heating chamber through a slag adding hopper to enable the solid covering slag to fill the covering slag heating chamber, determining the heating temperature T 0 of the covering slag according to the melting point T of a heat-conducting copper plate, wherein T 0 is T-200 ℃, and then selecting any power of 0-2 kw of output power of a transformer to heat a rectangular unit 12 of the covering slag;
step 2, measuring the temperature T 2 of the casting powder, the surface temperature T 1 of the asbestos protective layer and the temperature T 3 of the heating element by using a temperature thermocouple, stopping heating when the temperature T 2 is equal to the temperature T 0, recording the temperature T 1 and the temperature T 3 at the moment,
Step 3, calculating the actual power required for heating the mold flux to the temperature T 0 according to the formula (1),
in the formula, f is the vibration frequency of a crystallizer, Hz, v c is the pulling speed, m.min -1, H is the vibration range, m, eta is the viscosity of the casting powder, Pa.s, rho is the density of the casting powder, kg/m 3, H is the thickness of a heating chamber, S 1 and S 2 are the thicknesses of an asbestos protective layer and a stainless steel plate, m, lambda 1, lambda 2 and lambda 3 are the heat conductivity coefficients of the asbestos protective layer, a stainless steel plate and air, w/m.DEG C, alpha is the deflection rate, alpha is 0-40% according to the experience of domestic and foreign continuous casting machines, and in practical application, alpha is 15-30%, and mu is the working efficiency of a motor, and mu is 87-93%;
And 4, step 4: and (3) when continuous casting starts, heating the covering slag heating unit by using the power calculated in the step (3), starting the hydraulic press when the temperature of the covering slag reaches a target temperature, increasing the included angle beta between the rectangular covering slag heating unit and the horizontal plane, falling the pressure sensing valve, and smoothly falling the covering slag onto the crystallizer platform.
The invention has the advantages that: the device for adding the heating solid-state covering slag into the crystallizer is adopted in the continuous casting process, so that the phenomenon that the superheat degree of molten steel is reduced due to the fact that the covering slag absorbs too much heat of the molten steel, meniscus hooks adsorb impurities and a large slag ring is produced to block a slag flowing channel is reduced, further, adverse effects are brought to the quality of a casting blank and the continuous casting, the position of the meniscus of the crystallizer can be kept at a high temperature, the vibration mark hooks are relatively shallow, the impurities and bubbles are not easy to adsorb, the surface quality of the casting blank is improved, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.
Drawings
fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of an apparatus for feeding heated solid mold flux to a mold in a continuous casting process according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a mold flux heating rectangular unit.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the apparatus for adding heated solid mold flux to a mold in a continuous casting process according to the present invention comprises a continuous casting mold C and a mold platform, and is characterized in that a carriage driving system B is provided at the right side of the continuous casting mold C, a mold flux heating system a is provided at the upper portion of the carriage driving system B,
The trolley driving system B comprises a trolley bottom plate 27, a supporting frame 21 of a rectangular covering slag heating unit arranged on the trolley bottom plate 27, a motor 22 arranged in the supporting frame 21, a power input lead 23 and a power output lead 24 which are respectively connected with the motor at the same time, a trolley pushing handle 25 arranged on the trolley bottom plate 27 and a trolley driving wheel 26 arranged at the lower part of the trolley bottom plate, wherein the power input lead 24 is connected with an external power supply, and the power output lead 24 is connected with a covering slag heating system A;
The casting powder heating A system comprises a casting powder adding funnel 11, a casting powder heating rectangular unit 12, a hydraulic machine 13, a pressure sensing valve 14 and a fixed support 15, wherein the fixed support 15 and the hydraulic machine 13 are respectively fixed on the upper portion of a supporting frame 21, the casting powder heating rectangular unit 12 is obliquely arranged on the upper portion of the supporting frame 21 through the fixed support 15 and the hydraulic machine 13, the casting powder adding funnel 11 is arranged at the upper feeding end of the casting powder heating rectangular unit, the discharging end of the lower portion of the casting powder heating rectangular unit is arranged on the upper portion of a crystallizer platform, and the pressure sensing valve 14 is arranged at the discharging end of the lower portion of the casting powder heating rectangular unit.
As shown in fig. 2, the rectangular unit 12 for mold flux heating according to the present invention is composed of a mold flux heating chamber 123, a stainless steel plate 122, an asbestos-protecting layer, and a heat-conducting copper plate 124, a heating element 125, wherein the stainless steel plate 122 and the asbestos-protecting layer 121 are disposed on the upper portion of the mold flux heating chamber 123, the heat-conducting copper plate 124 and the heating element 125 are disposed on the lower portion of the mold flux heating chamber 123, and a plurality of temperature thermocouples 126 are symmetrically disposed on the upper portion and the lower portion of the mold flux heating chamber 123, respectively.
Example 1
The steel grade produced by the test is 20Mn23AlV, the components of the casting powder are 23 percent of CaO, 46 percent of SiO 2, 10 percent of CaF 2, 6 percent of Mg and 15 percent of Na 2 O, the viscosity eta at 1300 ℃ is 0.60 Pa.s, the density rho is 700kg/m 3, the casting speed v c is controlled to be 0.60m/min, the section of a casting blank is 200 x 1200mm, the vibration range H is 7.20mm, the vibration frequency f is 146Hz, the alpha is 20 percent, the mu is 90 percent, the thickness H of a heating chamber is 0.2m, the thicknesses of asbestos and stainless steel plates are respectively 0.02m and 0.01m, the thermal conductivity coefficients of an asbestos protective layer 121, a stainless steel plate 122 and air are respectively 0.214W/m, 16W/m, the temperature of a lambda 2 is 16W/m, the temperature of a copper plate is 1000 ℃.
the method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, before continuous casting starts, solid covering slag is added into a covering slag heating chamber 123 through a slag adding hopper 11, so that the covering slag heating chamber 123 is filled with the solid covering slag, the heating temperature T 0 of the covering slag is determined to be 1000-800 ℃ according to the melting point of a heat-conducting copper plate, and then a rectangular unit (A2) for heating the covering slag is selected to be 1 kw;
And 2, respectively installing one temperature thermocouple 126 at nine positions a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h and i above and below the mold flux heating rectangular unit 12, stopping heating when the temperatures of the three points d, e and f reach 800 ℃, namely T d is 800 ℃, T e is 800 ℃ and T f is 800 ℃, simultaneously measuring the temperatures of the six positions a, b, c, g, h and i to obtain the temperature values of T a is 103 ℃, T b is 101 ℃, T c is 96 ℃, T g is 1011 ℃, T h is 995 ℃ and T i is 994 ℃, and substituting the obtained temperature values into the following formula (2), formula (3) and formula (4).
In the above formula, T a, T b, T c, T d, T e, T f, T g, T h, and T i are temperatures at respective positions (see fig. 2 in the description of the drawings), T 1 represents an average temperature of the upper surface of the asbestos protective layer 121, T 2 represents an average temperature of mold flux, and T 3 represents an average temperature of a contact area between the lower surface of the heating element 125 and air;
The calculation yields T 1 ═ 100 ℃, T 2 ═ 800, and T 3 ═ 1000 ℃.
And step 3: calculating the power P required for heating the casting powder to 800 ℃ according to the formula (1) to be 15.28 kw;
And 4, step 4: when the continuous casting starts, the mold flux heating unit 12 is heated with a heating power P of 15.28kw, and when the mold flux temperature reaches 800 ℃, the heating is completed, the hydraulic press 13 is started, β increases, the pressure-sensitive valve 14 is opened, and the mold flux falls to the mold platform 33 under the action of gravity.
example 2
the steel produced by the test is Q235B, the components of the protective slag are CaO 27.5%, SiO 2 45.5%, Al 2 O 3 7.0%, CaF 2 6 6.0%, MgO 3.0%, Na 2 O9.5%, Li 2 O1.5%, the viscosity eta at 1300 ℃ is 0.55Pa · S, the density rho is 681kg/m 3, the drawing speed v c is controlled to be 0.80m/min, the casting section is 200 × 1200mm, the vibration range H is 7.20mm, the vibration frequency f is 146Hz, the alpha is 20%, the mu 90%, the heating chamber thickness H is 0.4m, the thicknesses of the asbestos protection layer 121 and the stainless steel plate 122 are S 1 ═ 0.02m, S 2 ═ 0.01m, the heat conduction coefficients of the asbestos protection layer 121, the stainless steel plate 122 and the air are respectively 0.1 ℃λ0240.214 ℃, ° W ℃,/0242 ℃, ° W ℃, ° 2 ℃./W. 3 ℃..685 ℃..8 ℃.
the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, before continuous casting starts, adding solid covering slag into a covering slag heating chamber 123 through a slag adding hopper 11 to enable the heating chamber 123 to be filled with the solid covering slag, determining the heating temperature T 0 of the covering slag to be 900-700 ℃ according to the melting point of a heat-conducting copper plate 124, and then selecting the heating power to be 1kw to heat a rectangular covering slag heating unit 12;
And 2, respectively installing one temperature thermocouple 126 at nine positions a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h and i above and below the mold flux heating rectangular unit, stopping heating when the temperatures of the three points d, e and f reach 700 ℃, namely T d is 800 ℃, T e is 800 ℃ and T f is 800 ℃, simultaneously measuring the temperatures of six positions a, b, c, g, h and i to obtain T a is 84 ℃, T b is 81 ℃, T c is 78 ℃, T g is 998 ℃, T h is 989 ℃ and T i is 983 ℃, and substituting the temperature values into the formulas (2), (3) and (4) to obtain T 1 is 81 ℃, T 2 is 700 ℃ and T 3 is 990 ℃.
in the above formula, T a, T b, T c, T d, T e, T f, T g, T h, and T i are temperatures at respective positions (see fig. 2 in the description of the drawings), and represent an average temperature of the upper surface of the asbestos protective layer 121, an average temperature of mold flux, and an average temperature of a contact area between the lower surface of the heating element 125 and air.
And step 3: calculating the power P required for heating the casting powder to 700 ℃ according to the formula (1) to be 13.65 kw;
And 4, step 4: when continuous casting starts, the heating power P is 13.65kw to heat the mold flux heating unit 12, when the mold flux temperature reaches 800 ℃, heating is completed, the hydraulic press 13 is started, beta increases, the pressure sensing valve 14 is opened, and the mold flux falls to the mold platform 33 under the action of gravity, wherein 31 is the mold wall, and 32 is molten steel.
In addition, the heated casting powder can maintain the meniscus position of the crystallizer at higher temperature, the vibration mark hook is relatively shallow, impurities and bubbles are not easy to adsorb, the surface quality of a casting blank is improved, and meanwhile, harmful ions such as F - , Na + and the like are expected not to be added or are added less, so that the pollution to the environment is reduced.
Claims (5)
1. a device for adding heated solid-state covering slag into a crystallizer in the continuous casting process comprises a continuous casting crystallizer and a crystallizer platform, and is characterized in that a trolley driving system is arranged on the right side of the continuous casting crystallizer, a covering slag heating system is arranged on the upper part of the trolley driving system,
The trolley driving system comprises a trolley bottom plate, a supporting frame of a rectangular covering slag heating unit, a motor, a power input lead and a power output lead, a trolley pushing handle and a trolley driving wheel, wherein the supporting frame is arranged on the trolley bottom plate;
The casting powder heating system comprises a casting powder feeding funnel, a casting powder heating rectangular unit, a hydraulic machine, a pressure sensing valve and a fixed support, wherein the fixed support and the hydraulic machine are respectively fixed on the upper portion of a supporting frame, the casting powder heating rectangular unit is obliquely arranged on the upper portion of the supporting frame through the fixed support and the hydraulic machine, the casting powder feeding funnel is arranged at the upper feeding end of the casting powder heating rectangular unit, the discharging end of the lower portion of the casting powder heating rectangular unit is arranged on the upper portion of a crystallizer platform, and the pressure sensing valve is arranged at the discharging end of the lower portion of the casting powder heating rectangular unit.
2. The apparatus for feeding solid mold flux into a mold in a continuous casting process according to claim 1, wherein the mold flux heating rectangular unit is composed of a mold flux heating chamber, a stainless steel plate, an asbestos protecting layer, a heat-conductive copper plate and a heating element, the stainless steel plate and the asbestos protecting layer are disposed at an upper portion of the mold flux heating chamber, the heat-conductive copper plate and the heating element are disposed at a lower portion of the mold flux heating chamber, and a plurality of temperature thermocouples are symmetrically disposed at the upper portion and the lower portion of the mold flux heating chamber, respectively.
3. The apparatus for adding heated solid mold flux to a mold in a continuous casting process according to claim 2, wherein the asbestos has a thickness S 1 of 0.01 to 0.03m and a thermal conductivity of λ 1 0.16.16 to 0.37W/m.degree.C, the stainless steel plate has a melting point of 1300 to 1600 ℃, the thickness S 2 of 0.005 to 0.02m and a thermal conductivity of λ 2 of 10 to 30W/m.degree.C, the mold flux heating chamber has a bottom area A, m 2 and a thickness H of 0.1 to 0.5m, the copper plate has a melting point T of 800 to 1100 ℃, and the thermal conductivities of the materials are all thermal conductivities at 300 ℃.
4. the apparatus for feeding heated solid mold flux to a mold in a continuous casting process according to claim 1, wherein the rectangular unit for mold flux heating has an inclination angle β, i.e., an angle β between the rectangular unit for mold flux heating and a horizontal plane is 0 ° to 90 °.
5. A method for adding heated solid mold flux to a mold in a continuous casting process, comprising the steps of:
Step 1, before continuous casting starts, adding solid covering slag into a covering slag heating chamber through a slag adding hopper to enable the covering slag heating chamber to be full of the solid covering slag, determining the heating temperature T 0 of the covering slag according to the melting point T of a heat-conducting copper plate, wherein the temperature T 0 is T-200 ℃, and then selecting any power of 0-2 kw of output power of a transformer to heat a rectangular unit for heating the covering slag;
step 2, measuring the temperature T 2 of the casting powder, the surface temperature T 1 of the asbestos protective layer and the temperature T 3 of the heating element by using a temperature thermocouple, stopping heating when the temperature T 2 is equal to the temperature T 0, recording the temperature T 1 and the temperature T 3 at the moment,
Step 3, calculating the actual power required for heating the mold flux to the temperature T 0 according to the formula (1),
In the formula, f is the vibration frequency of a crystallizer, Hz, v c is the pulling speed, m.min -1, H is the vibration range, m, eta is the viscosity of the casting powder, Pa.s, rho is the density of the casting powder, kg/m 3, H is the thickness of a heating chamber, M, S 1 and S 2 are the thicknesses of asbestos and stainless steel plates, m, lambda 1, lambda 2 and lambda 3 are the heat conductivity coefficients of the asbestos, the stainless steel plate and air, w/m.DEG C, alpha is the deflection rate, alpha is 15-30 percent, and mu is the working efficiency of the motor, mu is 87-93 percent;
And 4, step 4: and (3) when continuous casting starts, heating the covering slag heating unit by using the power calculated in the step (3), starting the hydraulic press when the temperature of the covering slag reaches a target temperature, increasing the included angle beta between the rectangular covering slag heating unit and the horizontal plane, falling the pressure sensing valve, and smoothly falling the covering slag onto the crystallizer platform.
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