CN110548840B - Device and method for adding heating solid-state protecting slag into crystallizer in continuous casting process - Google Patents
Device and method for adding heating solid-state protecting slag into crystallizer in continuous casting process Download PDFInfo
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- CN110548840B CN110548840B CN201910952714.5A CN201910952714A CN110548840B CN 110548840 B CN110548840 B CN 110548840B CN 201910952714 A CN201910952714 A CN 201910952714A CN 110548840 B CN110548840 B CN 110548840B
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 62
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 46
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 46
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 27
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000713 high-energy ball milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000954 Medium-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001260 Pt alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- INJRKJPEYSAMPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;silicic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O INJRKJPEYSAMPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010443 kyanite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052850 kyanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/108—Feeding additives, powders, or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/111—Treating the molten metal by using protecting powders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
- B22D11/181—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level
- B22D11/182—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level by measuring temperature
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for adding heating solid mold flux into a crystallizer in a continuous casting process, comprising the continuous casting crystallizer and a crystallizer platform, and is characterized in that a trolley driving system is arranged on the right side of the continuous casting crystallizer, a mold flux heating system is arranged on the upper part of the trolley driving system, the trolley driving system comprises a trolley bottom plate, a supporting frame of a mold flux heating rectangular unit, a motor, a power input and output wire, a trolley pushing handle and a trolley driving wheel, and the mold flux heating system comprises a slag adding hopper, the mold flux heating rectangular unit, a hydraulic press, a pressure sensing valve and a fixed bracket. The device for adding the heating solid-state protective slag into the crystallizer is used for heating the solid-state protective slag, so that the overheat degree of molten steel is reduced due to the fact that the protective slag absorbs too much heat of the molten steel, the meniscus position of the crystallizer can be maintained at a higher temperature, the vibrating trace hooks are relatively shallow, impurities and bubbles are not easy to adsorb, the surface quality of a casting blank is improved, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel smelting, and particularly relates to a device and a method for adding heating solid protection slag into a crystallizer in a continuous casting process.
Background
In the molten steel continuous casting process, mold flux needs to be added into a crystallizer, and the mold flux has the functions of controlling heat transfer, lubrication, absorbing inclusion, preventing secondary oxidation of molten steel and insulating heat. The mold flux used in the current industrial production is a premelted solid powder flux which basically meets the continuous casting production requirements, but there are also problems such as the solid mold flux added to the mold needs to absorb the temperature of molten steel to melt, resulting in a decrease in the temperature of molten steel. The temperature of the molten steel is reduced to bring a series of adverse effects, such as formation of deeper meniscus hooks at the meniscus, adsorption of inclusions and Ar bubbles, and the like, and deterioration of the surface quality of the casting blank. In addition, the temperature of molten steel in the continuous casting process is reduced to promote the growth of slag rings, slag rings can prevent slag from flowing into gaps between the crystallizer wall and the shell, and even slag channels can be blocked, so that the thickness of slag films between the shell and the crystallizer wall is uneven, lubrication is poor, and further the quality problem of casting blanks is caused, and even accidents such as bonding steel leakage occur. In addition, in order to ensure good fluidity and low melting temperature of the mold flux, F is generally added to the mold flux - 、Na + And harmful ions, and the like, and pollute the environment. In view of the above problems, there have been proposed continuous casting using liquid mold flux, i.e., melting the mold flux outside the mold and then adding it to the mold. Because the temperature of the liquid casting powder is higher, the temperature melting of the molten steel is not needed, and the temperature dropping speed of the meniscus is slowed down, so that the formed meniscus hook is shallower, and the casting blank quality is improved. Meanwhile, the heat brought by the liquid casting powder causes the slag ring to be smaller, enlarges the permeation channel, increases the consumption of slag quantity and improves the lubrication effect. However, the liquid mold flux is difficult to produce and use, has severe requirements on a heating container and a conveying pipeline, and has high temperature and high risk. At present, the continuous casting using the liquid casting powder is still in a test stage and cannot be performed in large scaleThe mould is applied to actual production in factories. Therefore, how to solve the problems of defects of a casting blank, unsmooth continuous casting and the like caused by the fact that the continuous casting mold flux absorbs the heat of molten steel is a relatively focused problem of current scholars.
Patent publication No.: CN109676101a discloses a continuous casting crystallizer nano mold flux and a preparation method thereof. The spherical nano particles with the volume ratio of 0.1-50% are doped in the casting powder, wherein because the spherical nano particles have the advantages of high heat conductivity, good sphericity, proper particle size and the like, uniform and stable nano fluid can be formed in the liquid casting powder, and the interface between the nano particles in the solid casting powder is high enough and the Van der Waals acting force is low enough, so that the nano particles can be uniformly distributed in the liquid casting powder without obvious agglomeration phenomenon, the nano particles are added into the casting powder to form the continuous casting crystallizer nano casting powder, the casting powder has excellent heat transfer performance and lubricating performance, can improve casting blank quality, and is suitable for producing products with special specifications (such as extra thick plates) and products with special continuous casting processes (such as ultrahigh drawing speed). However, the solid protection slag is added at normal temperature, and the heat of the molten steel is required to be consumed for melting, so that the temperature of the molten steel is reduced, a long meniscus hook is formed, impurities are adsorbed, and the quality of a casting blank is influenced. The nanometer covering slag prepared by the spherical nanometer particles has good heat transfer performance, can improve the cooling effect of the crystallizer, but can cause faster temperature dissipation of the upper surface of molten steel due to better heat transfer performance, and is more beneficial to the growth of meniscus hooks. In addition, for producing common specification steel grades, the use of nano mold flux continuous casting will increase the cost to some extent. In addition, the preparation process of the nano-mold flux is complex, firstly, spherical nano-particles are dispersed, then, the dispersed spherical nano-particles are added into a mold flux matrix, and then, high-energy ball milling is carried out, wherein the time of the high-energy ball milling can reach 2 hours at most.
Patent publication No.: CN 109604548A discloses a multifunctional crystallizer casting powder special for high pulling speed of sheet billet and a preparation method thereof. The covering slag comprises, by weight, 26-35 parts of CaO and 20-30 parts of SiO 2 3-8 parts by weight of Al 2 O 3 0.5-2 parts by weight of Li 2 O, 3-8 parts by weight of MgO, 5-11 parts by weight of Na 2 O, 6-12 parts by weight of F and 1-8 parts by weight of C. The covering slag can be well compatible with and control the heat transfer capacity and the lubricating capacity, can be compatible with the requirements of continuous casting processes of low carbon steel, medium carbon steel and peritectic steel, and has the advantages of simple preparation method and easy operation. However, the mold flux is mold flux at normal temperature, and still needs to absorb heat of molten steel to melt, so that a slag ring is formed above a meniscus to block a slag flow channel, the lubrication effect is poor, and continuous casting is smooth. In addition, F-, na+ and other harmful ions are added into the covering slag for better compatible heat transfer and lubricating performance, so that the environment is polluted. Meanwhile, the mold flux has larger application limitation, and is only suitable for thin slabs with higher pulling speed, in particular to thin slabs with the pulling speed of more than 4.5 m/min.
Patent publication No.: CN 109332618A discloses a small square billet continuous casting protecting slag adding device and a continuous casting method thereof. The slag adding device is invented for ensuring a slag layer of the casting powder liquid with enough thickness, avoiding the contact of a primary solidified blank shell at the upper part of a copper pipe of a crystallizer with a high-carbon-content casting powder melting layer and preventing carburetion on the surface of a casting blank. The covering slag adding device comprises a covering slag main pipe and two branch pipes which are arranged at the upper end of the covering slag main pipe and communicated with the covering slag main pipe, wherein the two branch pipes and the covering slag main pipe form a Y shape, the consistency of the thickness of powder slag layers in a crystallizer is ensured, a covering slag liquid slag layer with consistent thickness is formed, and the problems of local accumulation of covering slag in the crystallizer and uneven thickness of the liquid slag layer are avoided. The slag adding device can make the thickness of the slag layer of the casting powder liquid uniform, but because the casting powder is added at normal temperature, the thickness of the molten slag layer is formed by melting and depends on the heat of the absorbed molten steel, the superheat degree of the molten steel is constant, and the quantity of the molten casting powder is constant, the slag adding device has no effect on increasing the thickness of the slag layer, namely the slag consumption cannot be increased without increasing the thickness of the slag layer, the lubricating effect is not improved, and the steel leakage danger exists. In addition, the device has complex operation and limitation in application, and is only suitable for continuous casting of small square billets.
Patent publication No.: CN 109465413A discloses a single-point unbalanced casting special-shaped articleA method for distributing mold flux of a blank crystallizer. And obtaining a mold for single-point casting of the crystallizer through mathematical modeling, then simulating the mold to obtain the temperature distribution condition of molten steel on the section of the crystallizer during single-point casting, and determining seven adding points of the mold flux according to the temperature distribution condition of the section of the crystallizer. The material distribution method selects two kinds of protective slag with different melting points, can solve the problems of large liquid slag ratio and unstable protective slag layer caused by large melting quantity of the protective slag in a high-temperature area due to uneven temperature distribution of a casting liquid surface and large temperature difference of a casting section when single-point casting is carried out, and ensures that the protective slag of a crystallizer is uniformly dissolved to obtain a good protective slag layer. However, this method requires a mold flux having a different melting point, and since the mold flux is added as a solid mold flux at normal temperature, the melting point and melting time of the mold flux are controlled only by adding an additional part of CaF 2 And carbon black to control the melting characteristics of the mold flux, while CaF 2 The increase may cause the kyanite (3CaO.2SiO) 2 ·CaF 2 ) Precipitation of high melting point substances, destruction of the glass properties of slag, severe deterioration of lubrication conditions, problems in casting quality and even sticking and steel leakage accidents, and F - Too high a level can cause severe erosion of the submerged entry nozzle.
Patent publication No.: CN 109351928A discloses a method for preventing longitudinal cracks on the surface of a casting blank of sub-peritectic steel. When the subcontracting steel is solidified, delta Fe-gamma Fe phase change occurs in a peritectic zone (L+delta-gamma), larger volume shrinkage occurs, a solidified blank shell is separated from a crystallizer copper plate to form an air gap, the heat transfer rate of the blank shell to the crystallizer is reduced, the blank shell is thinned, and a dent is formed on the surface. Meanwhile, because the thickness of the blank shell is uneven, under the actions of thermal stress, friction force, ferrostatic pressure and the like, crack stress concentrated lines are generated at the weakest part of the solidified blank shell. The technological method adopted in the prior art mainly adopts high-alkalinity crystalline protection slag, so as to achieve the purposes of slowing down heat transfer and reducing cracks. However, too high a crystallization rate tends to deteriorate the lubrication condition of the cast slab, resulting in binding and steel leakage of the cast slab. The invention provides a method for preventing longitudinal cracks on the surface of a subcrystal steel casting blank, which adopts covering slag with the alkalinity of 1.2-1.4 and the viscosity of 0.08-0.14 Pa.s at 1300 ℃ in the continuous casting process, reduces the water quantity of a crystallizer by 5-10%, controls the water inlet temperature of the crystallizer by 28-35 ℃, reduces the lubrication effect of the covering slag after the alkalinity of the covering slag is improved, and adopts a non-sinusoidal vibration and high-vibration frequency small-amplitude vibration mode to reduce the negative slip time so as to improve lubrication and prevent the longitudinal cracks on the surface of the subcrystal steel casting blank. The core of the method is that the viscosity of the protective slag is not changed while the alkalinity of the protective slag is hoped to be improved, the viscosity of the protective slag is in direct proportion to the consumption of slag, but the protective slag at normal temperature is used, the protective slag is melted by absorbing the heat of molten steel, the degree of superheat of the molten steel is constant, so that the thickness of a formed liquid slag layer is constant, the effect of reducing the viscosity is not achieved, the fluidity of the protective slag is poor, the lubricating effect is poor, and the quality of a casting blank is poor. Therefore, the patent needs to adopt the covering slag meeting the requirements, adjust the water quantity of the crystallizer, control the water inlet temperature of the crystallizer, change a series of parameters such as the vibration form of the crystallizer, and the like, and has higher operation difficulty.
Patent publication No.: CN 101479061A discloses a continuous casting machine and a continuous casting method using the molten mold flux. The continuous casting machine includes: the mold comprises a mold cover, a mold flux melting unit and a mold flux conveying unit, wherein the mold flux conveying unit comprises an injection tube and an injection tube heater. The continuous casting method comprises the following steps: and the casting powder used in the continuous casting process is melted outside the crystallizer, and the liquid casting powder is added to the surface of the molten steel of the crystallizer through a molten casting powder continuous casting machine, so that slag blocks are effectively removed, the consumption of the casting powder is greatly increased, and the lubricating effect is good. However, the liquid mold flux has high requirements on high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and tightness of the container and the transmission pipeline, and platinum or platinum alloy is needed at the joint or contact part of the injection tube and the injection tube, so that the cost is extremely high. In addition, the liquid protective slag in a high-temperature state has high risk, and the slag adding operation needs to be carefully performed. The method is in a test stage at present and is not applied to industrial production.
Patent publication No.: CN 105750519A discloses a method and apparatus for improving the surface quality of a casting blank of a continuous casting machine by adding molten mold flux. A crystallizer liquid protecting slag adding system is arranged above the crystallizer, after the solid protecting slag is melted and heated to a certain temperature by adopting an intermediate frequency induction heating technology, a stopper rod is adopted to control the outflow quantity of the liquid protecting slag, after passing through a liquid protecting slag distributor and a flow guide pipe, the liquid protecting slag is added into the crystallizer, and a full liquid protecting slag layer is formed on the upper part of molten steel of the crystallizer. Meanwhile, a heat-insulating cover of the crystallizer is additionally arranged at the upper part of the crystallizer, so that radiation heat loss at the upper part of the crystallizer is reduced. In the continuous casting process, the addition amount of the casting powder is controlled according to the thickness of the liquid slag layer, so that the surface quality of a casting blank can be improved. However, the fluidity of the liquid mold flux is high, the control is very difficult, the outflow of the liquid mold flux is difficult to precisely control by adopting a stopper rod, the flux is easy to leak, and the requirements on the performance of a heating container and a pipeline are high. In addition, the intermediate frequency induction heating technology adopted in the patent needs a water cooling system, liquid casting powder and molten steel are easy to explode when meeting water, and the danger is high. Moreover, the invention does not mention a detailed distribution method, and cannot ensure that the liquid mold flux flowing into the crystallizer is quickly and uniformly spread on the surface of the molten steel. The method is still in a test stage at present and is not applied to industrial production.
At present, the casting powder used in continuous casting production is still solid-state casting powder at normal temperature, and the casting powder meets the continuous casting requirements of most steel types, but the problems of poor casting blank quality, unsophisticated continuous casting and the like still exist, and particularly, the casting powder is applied to the high-end technical field and high-performance steel types, such as high-manganese high-aluminum steel. In the continuous casting process, since the used casting powder is the casting powder at normal temperature, a large amount of heat of molten steel is absorbed, so that the temperature of the molten steel is reduced, a meniscus hook is formed at a meniscus, impurities, bubbles and the like are adsorbed, in addition, the slag ring is enlarged due to the reduction of the temperature of the molten steel, a slag flow channel is blocked, the lubricating effect is deteriorated, and further, the problems of casting blank quality, unsmooth continuous casting and the like are caused. Although the methods disclosed in the above patents alleviate the problems of casting blank quality and continuous casting unsmooth operation caused by molten steel reduction to a certain extent, the methods have certain defects and application limitations, such as complex operation, high cost, high risk and the like, and are not applied to industrial production at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for adding heating solid-state protective slag into a crystallizer in a continuous casting process, which can keep the meniscus position of the crystallizer at a higher temperature, has relatively shallow vibration mark hooks, is not easy to adsorb impurities and bubbles, and improves the surface quality of casting blanks.
The object of the present invention is thus achieved.
The invention relates to a device for adding heating solid-state casting powder into a crystallizer in the continuous casting process, which comprises the continuous casting crystallizer and a crystallizer platform, and is characterized in that a trolley driving system is arranged on the right side of the continuous casting crystallizer, a casting powder heating system is arranged on the upper part of the trolley driving system,
the trolley driving system comprises a trolley bottom plate, a supporting frame of a covering slag heating rectangular unit arranged on the trolley bottom plate, a motor arranged in the supporting frame, a power input wire and a power output wire which are connected with the motor at the same time respectively, a trolley pushing handle arranged on the trolley bottom plate and a trolley driving wheel arranged at the lower part of the trolley bottom plate, wherein the power input wire is connected with an external power supply, and the power output wire is connected with the covering slag heating system;
the mold flux heating system comprises a mold flux adding funnel, a mold flux heating rectangular unit, a hydraulic machine, a pressure induction valve and a fixing support, wherein the fixing support and the hydraulic machine are respectively fixed on the upper portion of a supporting frame, the mold flux heating rectangular unit is obliquely arranged on the upper portion of the supporting frame through the fixing support and the hydraulic machine, the mold flux adding funnel is arranged at the upper portion feeding end of the mold flux heating rectangular unit, the discharging end of the lower portion of the mold flux heating rectangular unit is arranged on the upper portion of a crystallizer platform, and the pressure induction valve is arranged at the discharging end of the lower portion of the mold flux heating rectangular unit.
As a further optimization of the invention, the covering slag heating rectangular unit consists of a covering slag heating chamber, a stainless steel plate, an asbestos protection layer, a heat conducting copper plate and a heating element, wherein the stainless steel plate and the asbestos protection layer are arranged at the upper part of the covering slag heating chamber, the heat conducting copper plate and the heating element are arranged at the lower part of the covering slag heating chamber, and a plurality of temperature thermocouples are symmetrically arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the covering slag heating chamber respectively.
As a further optimization of the invention, the asbestos thickness is S 1 0.01m to 0.03m, and the heat conductivity coefficient is lambda 1 0.16 to 0.37W/m DEG C; the melting point of the stainless steel plate is 1300-1600 ℃ and the thickness S 2 Is 0.005-0.02 m, and the heat conductivity coefficient lambda 2 10-30W/m DEG C; the bottom area of the mold flux heating chamber is A, m 2 The thickness H is 0.1 m-0.5 m; the melting point T of the heat-conducting copper plate is 800-1100 ℃; the thermal conductivity of each material is the thermal conductivity at 300 ℃.
As a further optimization of the invention, the inclination angle of the covering slag heating rectangular unit is beta angle, namely the included angle beta between the covering slag heating rectangular unit and the horizontal plane is 0-90 degrees.
The invention relates to a method for adding heated solid mold flux into a crystallizer in a continuous casting process, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: before continuous casting starts, solid-state protective slag is added into the protective slag heating chamber through a slag adding hopper, so that the protective slag heating chamber is filled with the solid-state protective slag, and the protective slag heating temperature T is determined according to the melting point T of the heat conducting copper plate 0 ，T 0 =t-200 ℃; then selecting any power of the output power of the transformer of 0-2 kw to heat the protective slag to heat the rectangular unit 12;
step 2: using a temperature thermocouple to measure the temperature T of the mold flux 2 Surface temperature T of asbestos protective layer 1 And heating element temperature T 3 When T 2 Equal to T 0 Stopping heating and recording the T at the time 1 And T 3 The temperature of the mixture is set to be higher than the temperature,
step 3: according to formula (1), heating the mold flux to a temperature T 0 The actual power required is calculated from the actual power required,
in the above formula, f is the vibration frequency of the crystallizer, and Hz; v (v) c In order to achieve the pulling speed, the pulling device,m·min -1 the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the h is the vibration range, m; η is the viscosity of the covering slag and Pa.s; ρ is the density of the mold flux, kg/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the H is the thickness of the heating chamber, m; s is S 1 、S 2 The thickness of the asbestos protective layer and the stainless steel plate, m; lambda (lambda) 1 、λ 2 、λ 3 The heat conductivity coefficients of the asbestos protective layer, the stainless steel plate and the air are w/m DEG C respectively; alpha is a deflection rate, and according to experience of using the continuous casting machine at home and abroad, alpha=0-40%, in practical application, alpha=15-30%; μ is the working efficiency of the motor, μ=87% -93%;
step 4: when continuous casting starts, the power calculated in the step 3 is used for heating the protecting slag heating unit, when the protecting slag temperature reaches the target temperature, the hydraulic press starts to start, the included angle beta between the protecting slag heating rectangular unit and the horizontal angle beta starts to increase, the pressure sensing valve falls down, and the protecting slag smoothly falls down to the crystallizer platform.
The invention has the advantages that: the device for adding the heating solid-state casting powder into the crystallizer is adopted in the continuous casting process, so that the overheat of molten steel is reduced caused by the fact that the casting powder absorbs too much heat of the molten steel, the meniscus hook adsorbs inclusions and the large slag ring is produced to block a slag flow channel, further adverse effects are brought to casting blank quality and continuous casting forward, the meniscus position of the crystallizer can be maintained at a higher temperature, the vibrating mark hooks are relatively shallow, the inclusions and bubbles are not easy to adsorb, the surface quality of the casting blank is improved, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an apparatus for adding heated solid mold flux to a mold during continuous casting according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a mold flux heating rectangular unit.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the apparatus for adding heated solid mold flux to a mold in a continuous casting process of the present invention comprises a continuous casting mold C and a mold platform, wherein a trolley driving system B is provided on the right side of the continuous casting mold C, a mold flux heating system a is provided on the upper portion of the trolley driving system B,
the trolley driving system B comprises a trolley bottom plate 27, a supporting frame 21 of a covering slag heating rectangular unit arranged on the trolley bottom plate 27, a motor 22 arranged in the supporting frame 21, a power input wire 23 and a power output wire 24 which are respectively connected with the motor at the same time, a trolley pushing handle 25 arranged on the trolley bottom plate 27 and a trolley driving wheel 26 arranged at the lower part of the trolley bottom plate, wherein the power input wire 24 is connected with an external power supply, and the power output wire 24 is connected with the covering slag heating system A;
the protection slag heating A system comprises a slag adding funnel 11, a protection slag heating rectangular unit 12, a hydraulic press 13, a pressure induction valve 14 and a fixing support 15, wherein the fixing support 15 and the hydraulic press 13 are respectively fixed on the upper portion of a supporting frame 21, the protection slag heating rectangular unit 12 is obliquely arranged on the upper portion of the supporting frame 21 through the fixing support 15 and the hydraulic press 13, the slag adding funnel 11 is arranged at the upper feeding end of the protection slag heating rectangular unit, the discharging end of the lower portion of the protection slag heating rectangular unit is arranged on the upper portion of a crystallizer platform, and the pressure induction valve 14 is arranged at the discharging end of the lower portion of the protection slag heating rectangular unit.
As shown in fig. 2, the mold flux heating rectangular unit 12 according to the present invention is composed of a mold flux heating chamber 123, a stainless steel plate 122, an asbestos protection layer, and a heat conductive copper plate 124 heating element 125, wherein the stainless steel plate 122 and the asbestos protection layer 121 are disposed at the upper portion of the mold flux heating chamber 123, the heat conductive copper plate 124 and the heating element 125 are disposed at the lower portion of the mold flux heating chamber 123, and a plurality of temperature thermocouples 126 are symmetrically disposed at the upper portion and the lower portion of the mold flux heating chamber 123, respectively.
Example 1
The steel grade produced by the test is 20Mn23AlV, the composition of the covering slag is 23% CaO and SiO 2 46% CaF 2 10% of Mg 6% of Na 2 O is 15%; viscosity η at 1300℃is 0.60 Pa.s; density ρ is 700kg/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Drawing speed v c Controlling the speed to be 0.60m/min; 200X 1200mm of casting blank section; the vibration distance h is 7.20mm; the vibration frequency f is 146Hz; alpha is 20 percent; mu, 90% of the total weight of the composition, addHot chamber thickness h=0.2m; s is respectively taken out from the thickness of asbestos and stainless steel plates 1 ＝0.02m、S 2 =0.01m; the coefficient of heat conductivity of the asbestos protection layer 121, the stainless steel plate 122 and the air is lambda respectively 1 ＝0.214W/m·℃、λ 2 ＝16W/m·℃、λ 3 =0.024W/m·deg.c, the heat conductive copper plate 124 used has a melting point of 1000 deg.c.
The method comprises the following steps:
step 1: before continuous casting starts, solid mold flux is added to the mold flux heating chamber 123 through the slag-adding hopper 11 so that the mold flux heating chamber 123 is filled with the solid mold flux. Determining the heating temperature T of the covering slag according to the melting point of the heat-conducting copper plate 0 =1000-200=800 ℃; then selecting a rectangular heating unit (A2) with heating power=1 kw for heating the mold flux;
step 2: a temperature thermocouple 126 is respectively arranged at the upper and lower a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i positions of the covering slag heating rectangular unit 12, when the temperatures of the d, e and f three points reach 800 ℃, namely T d ＝800℃、T e ＝800℃、T f Stopping heating at 800 deg.c while measuring the temperature of a, b, c, g, h, i at six positions to obtain T a ＝103℃、T b ＝101℃、T c ＝96℃、T g ＝1011℃、T h ＝995℃、T i =994℃. The obtained temperature values were substituted into the following formulas (2), (3) and (4).
In the above, T a 、T b 、T c 、T d 、T e 、T f 、T g 、T h 、T i For the temperature of each location (see FIG. 2 in the description of the drawings), T 1 Indicating the average temperature, T, of the upper surface of the asbestos protection layer 121 2 Indicating the average temperature T of the mold flux 3 Indicating the average temperature at which the lower surface of the heating element 125 is in contact with air;
calculated to obtain T 1 ＝100℃、T 2 ＝800、T 3 ＝1000℃。
Step 3: calculating the power p=15.28 kw required to heat the mold flux to 800 ℃ according to formula (1);
step 4: at the beginning of continuous casting, the mold flux heating unit 12 was heated using a heating power of p=15.28 kw, and when the mold flux temperature reached 800 ℃, the heating was completed, the hydraulic press 13 was started, β was increased, the pressure-sensitive valve 14 was opened, and the mold flux was dropped to the mold stage 33 by gravity.
Example 2
The steel grade produced by the test is Q235B, the components of the covering slag are 27.5 percent of CaO and 27.5 percent of SiO 2 45.5% of Al 2 O 3 7.0% CaF 2 6.0% MgO 3.0% Na 2 O is 9.5%, li 2 O is 1.5%; viscosity η at 1300 ℃ is 0.55pa·s; density ρ is 681kg/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Drawing speed v c Controlling the speed to be 0.80m/min; 200X 1200mm of casting blank section; the vibration distance h is 7.20mm; the vibration frequency f is 146Hz; taking α=20%; taking μ=90%, heating chamber thickness h=0.4m; the thickness of the asbestos protection layer 121 and the stainless steel plate 122 are respectively S 1 ＝0.02m、S 2 =0.01m; the coefficient of heat conductivity of the asbestos protection layer 121, the stainless steel plate 122 and the air is lambda respectively 1 ＝0.214W/m·℃、λ 2 ＝16W/m·℃、λ 3 =0.024W/m·deg.c, the heat conductive copper plate 124 used has a melting point of 900 deg.c.
The method comprises the following steps:
step 1: before continuous casting starts, solid mold flux is added into the mold flux heating chamber 123 through the slag adding hopper 11, so that the heating chamber 123 is filled with the solid mold flux, and the mold flux heating temperature T is determined according to the melting point of the heat conducting copper plate 124 0 =900-200=700 ℃; then selecting heating power=1 kw heating protectionA slag heating rectangular unit 12;
step 2: a temperature thermocouple 126 is respectively arranged at the upper and lower positions a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i of the covering slag heating rectangular unit, when the temperatures of the d, e and f three points reach 700 ℃, namely T d ＝800℃、T e ＝800℃、T f Stopping heating at 800 deg.c while measuring the temperature of a, b, c, g, h, i at six positions to obtain T a ＝84℃、T b ＝81℃、T c ＝78℃、T g ＝998℃、T h ＝989℃、T i =983℃. Substituting the temperature values into formulas (2), (3) and (4) to obtain T 1 ＝81℃、T 2 ＝700、T 3 ＝990℃。
In the above, T a 、T b 、T c 、T d 、T e 、T f 、T g 、T h 、T i The temperature at each location (see fig. 2 in the description of the drawings) represents the average temperature of the upper surface of the asbestos protection layer 121, represents the average temperature of the mold flux, and represents the average temperature where the lower surface of the heating element 125 contacts air.
Step 3: calculating the power p=13.65 kw required to heat the mold flux to 700 ℃ according to formula (1);
step 4: when continuous casting is started, the mold flux heating unit 12 is heated by using heating power of p=13.65 kw, when the temperature of the mold flux reaches 800 ℃, the heating is completed, the hydraulic press 13 is started, beta is increased, the pressure sensing valve 14 is opened, the mold flux falls down to a crystallizer platform 33 under the action of gravity, 31 is a crystallizer wall in the figure, and 32 is molten steel.
The invention adopts a heating device to heat the solid protection slag to a certain temperature, and then the solid protection slag is continuously added into a crystallizer. Because the heated covering slag has a certain amount of heat, the covering slag can be melted by absorbing less heat from molten steel, a smaller slag ring is formed, a slag seepage channel is enlarged, the slag consumption is increased, the lubricating effect is better, bonding steel leakage is prevented, and the continuous casting is facilitated. In addition, the heated covering slag can maintain the meniscus position of the crystallizer at a higher temperature, the vibration mark hooks are relatively shallow, the inclusion and bubbles are not easy to adsorb, the surface quality of a casting blank is improved, and meanwhile, F is hopefully not added or less added - 、Na + And harmful ions, and the like, and reduces the pollution to the environment.
Claims (1)
1. A method for adding heating solid-state protecting slag into crystallizer in continuous casting process comprises adding heating solid-state protecting slag into crystallizer in continuous casting process, comprising continuous casting crystallizer and crystallizer platform, arranging trolley driving system on right side of continuous casting crystallizer, arranging protecting slag heating system on upper part of trolley driving system,
the trolley driving system comprises a trolley bottom plate, a supporting frame of a covering slag heating rectangular unit arranged on the trolley bottom plate, a motor arranged in the supporting frame, a power input wire and a power output wire which are connected with the motor at the same time respectively, a trolley pushing handle arranged on the trolley bottom plate and a trolley driving wheel arranged at the lower part of the trolley bottom plate, wherein the power input wire is connected with an external power supply, and the power output wire is connected with the covering slag heating system;
the mold flux heating system comprises a mold flux adding funnel, a mold flux heating rectangular unit, a hydraulic machine, a pressure induction valve and a fixing bracket, wherein the fixing bracket and the hydraulic machine are respectively fixed on the upper part of a supporting frame;
the protective slag heating rectangular unit consists of a protective slag heating chamber, a stainless steel plate, an asbestos protection layer, a heat conducting copper plate and a heating element, wherein the stainless steel plate and the asbestos protection layer are arranged at the upper part of the protective slag heating chamber, the heat conducting copper plate and the heating element are arranged at the lower part of the protective slag heating chamber, and a plurality of temperature measuring thermocouples are symmetrically arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the protective slag heating chamber respectively;
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: before continuous casting starts, solid-state protective slag is added into the protective slag heating chamber through a slag adding hopper, so that the protective slag heating chamber is filled with the solid-state protective slag, and the protective slag heating temperature T is determined according to the melting point T of the heat conducting copper plate 0 ，T 0 =t-200 ℃; then selecting any power of the output power of the transformer of 0-2 kw to heat the protective slag to heat the rectangular unit;
step 2: using a temperature thermocouple to measure the temperature T of the mold flux 2 Surface temperature T of asbestos protective layer 1 And heating element temperature T 3 When T 2 Equal to T 0 Stopping heating and recording the T at the time 1 And T 3 The temperature of the mixture is set to be higher than the temperature,
step 3: according to formula (1), heating the mold flux to a temperature T 0 The actual power required is calculated from the actual power required,
in the above formula, f is the vibration frequency of the crystallizer, and Hz; v (v) c For pulling speed, m.min -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the h is the vibration range, m; η is the viscosity of the covering slag and Pa.s; ρ is the density of the mold flux, kg/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the H is the thickness of the heating chamber, m; s is S 1 、S 2 The thickness of the asbestos and the stainless steel plates, m; lambda (lambda) 1 、λ 2 、λ 3 The heat conductivity coefficients of asbestos, stainless steel plates and air are respectively w/m DEG C; alpha is the deflection rate, and alpha=15% -30%; μ is the working efficiency of the motor, μ=87% -93%;
step 4: when continuous casting starts, the power calculated in the step 3 is used for heating the protecting slag heating unit, when the protecting slag temperature reaches the target temperature, the hydraulic press starts to start, the included angle beta between the protecting slag heating rectangular unit and the horizontal angle beta starts to increase, the pressure sensing valve falls down, and the protecting slag smoothly falls down to the crystallizer platform.
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