CN110547886A

CN110547886A - Dental implant

Info

Publication number: CN110547886A
Application number: CN201910426618.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蔡东霖; 曾俊杰; 王跃钧; 翁丽雯; 林志隆; 王佩骅
Original assignee: Metal Industries Research and Development Centre
Current assignee: Metal Industries Research and Development Centre
Priority date: 2018-05-31
Filing date: 2019-05-22
Publication date: 2019-12-10
Also published as: TW202002912A

Abstract

A dental implant, in order to solve and use the difficult problem shortened and need to cause certain destruction to the alveolar bone of course of treatment of the present tooth implantation, the dental implant of the invention includes: an implant body, which is provided with a head end and a tail end, wherein a primary tooth-shaped part is arranged between the head end and the tail end; and the supporting platform body is integrally connected with the head end of the implant.

Description

Dental implant

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a bone implant, in particular a dental implant.

Background

in general, regardless of the tooth defects caused by aging or accidental impact, if the tooth defects are not repaired, occlusion and chewing functions are affected, and even serious cases may cause sequelae such as forward falling of posterior teeth, bone atrophy and facial shape change. Among various methods for repairing tooth defects, artificial tooth implantation has the advantages of no damage to healthy natural teeth on both sides, easy cleaning, no foreign body sensation, good aesthetic appearance after implantation, and the like, so that patients who adopt the artificial tooth implantation mode to repair tooth defects tend to increase year by year.

The artificial tooth implantation is to implant a dental implant made of medical grade material (such as titanium metal or ceramic) into an alveolar bone of a patient through an operation, and mount a crown after osseointegration so that the patient can restore the original tooth to meet the requirements of chewing and aesthetic functions. The dental implant comprises an implant body and a support body, wherein the dental implant body is implanted into an alveolar bone of a patient through the implant body, and the support body arranged at one end of the implant body is used for installing and positioning the dental crown.

Currently, the clinically used dental implants are roughly classified into three major categories, namely one-piece dental implants, two-piece dental implants and three-piece dental implants; compared with a two-piece dental implant and a three-piece dental implant which are formed by mutually screwing or buckling the components, the one-piece dental implant does not need to worry about the problems of loosening or breaking and the like of the connection part of the implant and the support body, does not need to perform a second operation, and can improve the operation efficiency and reduce the pain of a patient. Such as the patents of "Dentalimplant" of U.S. publication No. 5961328, "artificial dental implant" of taiwan publication No. M416449, "improved dental artificial implant" of M438247, "thread-optimized dental implant" of M457533, "oral implant structure" of M522007, "and" bone implant "of I613992, all disclose dental implants belonging to the aforementioned one-piece dental implant.

However, no matter the one-piece dental implant, the two-piece dental implant or the three-piece dental implant, the implant body of the existing dental implant is a cylinder (generally cylindrical) with a predetermined geometric shape, and the peripheral surface of the implant body is provided with threads, which has a very different shape from the shape of the alveolar socket hole after the removal of the affected tooth, so that in the conventional dental implant process, the patient mostly needs to wait for several months after the removal of the affected tooth, and then drill and implant again after the bone is healed. However, many cases show that during the period of time waiting for healing, because the edentulous area has no occlusion load, the conditions of alveolar bone absorption, soft tissue retraction and the like are easy to generate, so that the implantation of the implant is difficult and the appearance is influenced, and sometimes, the operation of implanting bone powder and repairing soft tissue needs to be combined, thereby not only increasing the variation of the success rate of tooth implantation, but also consuming more time and cost for patients.

In addition, for a patient with a better alveolar bone condition, a tooth implantation operation called as extraction-to-implantation is to implant an implant immediately after an affected tooth is extracted, and to fill a slightly defective part with bone filling methods such as bone powder and the like, so as to shorten the tooth implantation treatment course. However, in the process of implanting the implant, the original tooth socket hole still needs to be drilled and damaged by another tool, so as to implant the implant of the existing dental implant, which still causes damage to the bone, and further needs to be matched with a regeneration film or a bone reconstruction operation to achieve good stability of the implant and match between soft and hard tissues.

in view of this, there is indeed still a need for improvements in existing dental implants.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a dental implant, the implant body of which is customized according to the shape of the alveolar socket of a patient, so as to meet the demand of tooth implantation by pulling out and planting on the premise of hardly damaging alveolar bone.

The dental implant of the present invention comprises: an implant body, which is provided with a head end and a tail end, wherein a primary tooth-shaped part is arranged between the head end and the tail end; and the supporting platform body is integrally connected with the head end of the implant.

Therefore, the dental implant of the invention has the implant body with the original tooth-shaped part which is similar to the natural tooth root in shape, can meet the demand of tooth implantation in a way of extraction and can ensure that the original tooth-shaped part is highly closely matched with the alveolar socket hole of a patient. Therefore, when the dental implant is implanted, the drill hole is hardly needed to be drilled on the alveolar bone, the damage to the alveolar bone can be greatly reduced, the problem that soft and hard tissues and peripheral nerves of the tooth socket are damaged in the conventional implantation process is solved, and the stability of the implant and the alveolar bone at the initial stage of tooth implantation is improved, so that the healing time can be effectively shortened, the bone integration rate and the reshaping integrity can be improved, the dental implant can be quickly restored to the degree of being capable of being provided with a dental crown, and the whole dental implantation treatment course and risk can be shortened.

Wherein, this primary tooth profile portion preferred is printed through self-defining 3D and is formed. Thus, the primary tooth form part can be closely fit with the alveolar socket of the patient, and has the effects of further shortening the healing time, improving the osseointegration rate and the integrity of the complex shape.

Wherein the surface of the primary tooth form portion preferably has a rough structure. Therefore, the coarse structure is beneficial to the growth of osteocytes of the alveolar bone, and has the effects of improving the efficiency of initial osseointegration and the like.

The rough structure can be, for example, one or any combination of a plurality of concave holes, a plurality of ring grooves, a plurality of inclined grooves, a plurality of grid grooves, a plurality of convex rings or a rough surface. Therefore, the structure is simple and convenient for molding, and has the effects of reducing the manufacturing cost, improving the osseointegration efficiency and the like.

The support body can be provided with two opposite clamping surfaces, wherein at least two sides of at least one clamping surface can be respectively provided with at least one grinding identification part. Therefore, doctors can rapidly polish the clamping surface to a proper inclination according to clinical conditions without additional measuring tools, and the effects of improving the operation efficiency, shortening the operation time and the like are achieved.

Wherein, the support body can be provided with two opposite clamping surfaces, and the two clamping surfaces are better in accordance with Morse taper. So, the application of force is transmitted to the frictional force of accessible tapering, has effects such as promotion combination steadiness and reach the sealed vacuum effect of bacterium.

Wherein, the head end of this implant can have a plurality of anti-rotary ring portions that the interval set up, each anti-rotary ring portion is than the protruding 0.1 ~ 0.5 mm of the ring periphery of this implant, so, through making these a plurality of anti-rotary ring portions counterpoint in the cortical bone department of alveolar bone, with the osseointegration efficiency of accelerating, and make this dental implant can stabilize and support harder position in the alveolar bone after osseointegration, thereby can effectively prevent this dental implant from sinking toward the cancellous bone of alveolar bone, have effects such as extension this dental implant's life.

Wherein, the interval of arbitrary two adjacent anti-rotating ring portion is preferred 0.1 ~ 0.5.5 mm so, has better aforementioned effect and is convenient for the shaping.

The head end of the implant body can be integrally connected with the support platform body through an inclined plane, the inclined plane is positioned above the anti-rotation ring parts, and the radial width of the inclined plane is gradually reduced from the positions adjacent to the anti-rotation ring parts to the support platform body. Therefore, after the healing cap is combined with the support body, a transfer platform can be formed between the healing cap and the implant body, and the phenomena of alveolar bone absorption reduction, deep bone effect or loosening and the like are avoided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial plan view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a-a of fig. 2.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view illustrating the operation of implanting a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an operational schematic diagram of the incorporation of a healing cap into a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention having a ring groove.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention provided with a chute.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention in which a grid groove is provided.

Description of the reference numerals

1 implant body

1a head end 1b tail end

11 coarse structure of primary tooth-shaped part 111

111a recess 111b ring groove

111c chute 111d grid groove

12 anti-rotation ring part 13 inclined plane

2 stand bodies

21 clamping surface 22 grinding identification part

C healing cap

H-shaped tooth socket hole

The angle theta.

Detailed Description

in order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below:

The following directional terms or their similar terms, such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "side", etc., refer to the directions of the drawings, and are used only for the purpose of describing and understanding the embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, a preferred embodiment of the dental implant of the present invention generally comprises an implant body 1 and a support body 2 integrally connected; in the process of dental implantation, the implant 1 is used for implanting into an alveolar bone of a patient, and the abutment 2 is used for assembling and positioning a dental crown (not shown).

The implant 1 has a head end 1a and a tail end 1b, the head end 1a is connected with the supporting platform 2, and the tail end 1b is the part of the implant 1 which is firstly implanted into the alveolar bone. The implant 1 has a primary tooth-shaped part 11 between the head end 1a and the tail end 1b, the primary tooth-shaped part 11 has a shape similar to a natural tooth root and is not provided with a thread; in this embodiment, the root profile of the affected tooth of each patient can be obtained by computer tomography, then a model document required by a 3D printer is established according to the root profile, and the primary tooth form part 11 is formed by a 3D printing technique, so that the primary tooth form part 11 of each dental implant of the present invention can highly conform to the tooth socket hole shape left after each affected tooth is extracted by the custom technique.

The surface of the primary tooth-shaped portion 11 preferably has a rough structure 111 to facilitate the growth of bone cells of alveolar bone and improve the efficiency of initial osseointegration. For example, but not limited to, the rough structure 111 may be one or any combination of a plurality of concave holes 111a, a plurality of ring grooves 111b (please refer to fig. 6), a plurality of inclined grooves 111c (please refer to fig. 7), a plurality of grid grooves 111d (please refer to fig. 8), a plurality of convex rings or rough surfaces. Wherein, when the rough structure 111 is a plurality of annular grooves 111b as shown in fig. 6, the interval between the annular grooves 111b adjacent to the head end 1a of the implant 1 can be selected to be smaller, and the interval between the annular grooves 111b adjacent to the tail end 1b of the implant 1 can be larger, so that the annular grooves 111b with the denser head end 1a of the implant 1 can increase the contact area and support capability with the cortical bone, improve the stability in the initial stage of implantation, and reduce the shaking condition after implantation.

In addition, the various roughness structures 111 described above may be arranged regularly or irregularly; for example, referring to fig. 1 again, each concave hole 111a may be a hole with an equal diameter or a non-equal diameter, each concave hole 111a may be a circular hole, a polygonal hole or any hole type, and the openings of the concave holes 111a on the surface of the original tooth-shaped portion 11 may be the same or different, and are not limited to the type disclosed in the drawings.

In addition, referring to fig. 1 and fig. 3, the head end 1a of the implant 1 may have a plurality of anti-rotation ring portions 12 arranged at intervals, each anti-rotation ring portion 12 protrudes about 0.1 ~ 0.5.5 mm from the circumferential surface of the implant 1, wherein the distance between any two adjacent anti-rotation ring portions 12 is about 0.1 ~ 0.5.5 mm, the head end 1a of the implant 1 may be integrally connected to the abutment 2 by a slope 13, the slope 13 is located above the anti-rotation ring portions 12, and the diameter width of the slope 13 may decrease gradually from the position adjacent to the anti-rotation ring portions 12 toward the abutment 2.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the support body 2 has two opposite clamping surfaces 21, the two clamping surfaces 21 preferably conform to Morse Taper (Morse Taper), that is, the included angle θ between each clamping surface 21 and a plumb surface is preferably 6 ~ 18 degrees, in addition, at least one of the clamping surfaces 21 may be provided with at least one grinding identification portion 22 on each side, each grinding identification portion 22 may be any structure concavely, flatly or convexly provided on the surface of the support body 2, such as a long groove provided on the surface of the support body 2, a score carved on the surface of the support body 2, a plurality of recesses arranged in a row and provided on the surface of the support body 2, a mark printed on the surface of the support body 2, a label adhered on the surface of the support body 2, a convex strip or a plurality of convex points arranged in a row and combined on the surface of the support body 2, and the like.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, with the above-mentioned structure, in the dental implant operation using the dental implant of the present invention, since the height of the primary tooth-shaped portion 11 of the implant body 1 conforms to the shape of the alveolar socket hole H left after the extraction of the affected tooth, the primary tooth-shaped portion 11 of the implant body 1 of the dental implant can be inserted into the alveolar socket hole H immediately after the extraction of the affected tooth; in addition, a healing cap C is combined with the abutment body 2 of the dental implant for temporary fixation during osseointegration, reducing the shaking of the dental implant caused by occlusion, and dispersing Stress and reducing Stress Shielding (Stress Shielding) phenomenon by the healing cap C.

It should be noted that, referring to fig. 3 and 5, since the implant 1 of the present embodiment is provided with the anti-rotation ring portions 12, and the primary tooth-shaped portions 11 of the implant 1 are inserted into the socket holes H, the anti-rotation ring portions 12 can be aligned substantially at the Cortical Bone (Cortical Bone) of the alveolar Bone. Therefore, during the osseointegration, since the anti-rotation ring parts 12 are not helical, the anti-rotation ring parts are not stressed to be reversely suspended and loosened, so that the osseointegration efficiency can be accelerated; after osseointegration, the anti-rotation ring parts 12 can be respectively and firmly abutted against the cortical Bone of the alveolar Bone, so that the dental implant can be firmly supported at the harder part of the alveolar Bone, and even if each anti-rotation ring part 12 only slightly protrudes out of the circumferential surface of the implant 1, the dental implant can be effectively prevented from sinking into the Spongy Bone (sponge Bone) of the alveolar Bone, and the service life of the dental implant can be prolonged.

Referring to fig. 2 and 5, since the implant 1 of the present embodiment is provided with the inclined plane 13, after the healing cap C is combined with the abutment body 2 of the dental implant, a platform (PlatformSwitching) can be formed between the healing cap C and the head end 1a of the implant 1, so that inflammatory cells of abutment teeth at the junction of the implant 1 and the abutment body 2 can be infiltrated and limited on the inclined plane 13 of the implant 1, thereby reducing alveolar bone resorption and avoiding bone sinking or loosening of the healing cap C.

In addition, since the two clamping surfaces 21 of the abutment body 2 of the present embodiment conform to the morse taper, when the healing cap C is assembled (or the dental crown is finally installed), the force can be transferred by the friction force of the taper, which not only improves the bonding stability, but also achieves the effect of bacteria sealing vacuum. The grinding identification portion 22 is further disposed on the support platform body 2 of the present embodiment, so that a doctor can quickly grind the clamping surface 21 of the support platform body 2 to a proper inclination according to clinical conditions without additional measuring tools, which is helpful to improve the operation efficiency and shorten the operation time.

In summary, the dental implant of the present invention has a primary tooth-shaped portion with a shape similar to that of a natural tooth root, which can satisfy the demand of the implant in a tooth-extracting manner and make the primary tooth-shaped portion highly fit with the socket hole of the patient. Therefore, when the dental implant is implanted, the drill hole is hardly needed to be drilled on the alveolar bone, the damage to the alveolar bone can be greatly reduced, the problem that soft and hard tissues and peripheral nerves of the tooth socket are damaged in the conventional implantation process is solved, and the stability of the implant and the alveolar bone at the initial stage of tooth implantation is improved, so that the healing time can be effectively shortened, the bone integration rate and the reshaping integrity can be improved, the dental implant can be quickly restored to the degree of being capable of being provided with a dental crown, and the whole dental implantation treatment course and risk can be shortened.

Claims

1. A dental implant, comprising:

An implant body, which is provided with a head end and a tail end, wherein a primary tooth-shaped part is arranged between the head end and the tail end; and

A supporting platform body, which is integrally connected with the head end of the implant.

2. The dental implant of claim 1, wherein the native dental shape is formed by custom 3D printing.

3. The dental implant of claim 1, wherein the surface of the native dental form has a rough structure.

4. The dental implant of claim 3, wherein the roughness structure is one or any combination of concave holes, circular grooves, inclined grooves, grid grooves, convex rings or rough surface.

5. The dental implant of claim 1, wherein the abutment body has two opposite clamping surfaces, wherein at least one of the clamping surfaces is provided with at least one thinning mark on each side.

6. The dental implant of claim 1, wherein the abutment body has two opposing clamping surfaces, the two clamping surfaces conforming to a morse taper.

7. The dental implant of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the head end of the implant has a plurality of anti-rotation ring portions spaced apart from each other, each anti-rotation ring portion protruding 0.1 ~ 0.5.5 mm from the circumferential surface of the implant.

8. The dental implant of claim 7, wherein the spacing of any two adjacent anti-rotation ring portions is 0.1 ~ 0.5.5 mm.

9. The dental implant of claim 7, wherein the head end of the implant body is integrally connected to the abutment body by a bevel surface, the bevel surface being located above the plurality of anti-rotation ring portions, the bevel surface having a width decreasing from adjacent the plurality of anti-rotation ring portions toward the abutment body.