WO2017206138A1

WO2017206138A1 - Dental implant

Info

Publication number: WO2017206138A1
Application number: PCT/CN2016/084494
Authority: WO
Inventors: 王启浩
Original assignee: 王启浩
Priority date: 2016-06-02
Filing date: 2016-06-02
Publication date: 2017-12-07
Also published as: MY201170A; SG11201810764RA; PH12019500010A1

Abstract

A dental implant, comprising a somatic part (1) implanted inside the alveolar bone, an abutment (2) for mounting an artificial denture, and a neck portion (3) connecting the somatic part (1) to the abutment (2), the side surface and the bottom surface of the somatic part (1) being rough surfaces, the neck portion (3) being of a truncated cone structure tapered in a direction towards the root thereof, and the radial dimension of the root end of the neck portion (3) being smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the somatic part (1), such that a part of the upper end of the somatic part (1) that is not occupied by the root end of the neck portion (3) forms a flat surface (4) in a horizontal direction, the flat surface (4) being a rough surface. The platform surface (4) on the upper surface of the somatic part (1) of the dental implant is designed as a rough surface, and the alveolar bone is guided to extend and grow onto the platform surface (4), reducing micro-gaps and micro-movement between every two elements in a traditional dental implant and enhancing stability after implanting the dental implant, thereby improving the success rate of operations and alleviating the patient's pain, having a very high practical value.

Description

Dental implant

Technical field

The invention relates to a dental implant for implanting an artificial denture.

Background technique

Dental implants have been treated for more than 50 years. Common intra-tooth implants include: leaf-shaped implants, cylindrical implants, spiral implants, anchor-like implants, mandibular implants, and upgraded stent implants. In the late 1960s, the two-stage titanium implant series created by Professor Branemark of Sweden first proposed and confirmed the theory of osseointegration. In 1990, the American Academy of Implant Dentistry (AAID) defined the osseointegration as: normal modified bone and direct contact with the implant, soft tissue ingrowth can be seen under the light microscope, and the load of the implant can be sustained. Conducted and dispersed in bone tissue. A number of scholars have confirmed that immediate implantation can form osseointegration and clinically proven to support the restoration of implant dentures.

One of the main reasons for the failure of dental implant treatment is inflammation and necrosis of the tissue surrounding the dental implant, resulting in the absorption of gums and bones. Tissue lesions around the dental implant are inflammatory lesions that occur in the soft and hard tissues surrounding the implant, including reversible implant mucositis involving the soft tissue and inflammation around the dental implant involving the implant bone graft. If the latter is not treated in time, it will lead to continuous bone resorption and the original combination of implant-bone interface, which will eventually loosen and fall off the implant.

Current dental implants include a one-piece dental implant and a two-stage dental implant. The two-stage dental implant is mainly composed of three parts, namely: a body implanted in the alveolar bone, a base exposed to the outside of the tooth membrane and supporting and retaining the artificial denture thereon, and a connecting body Fixing screws for the abutments and abutments. The one-piece dental implant is formed by integrally forming the above three parts into one piece. The upper surface of the current dental implant body is generally designed as a smooth surface, forming a smooth surface interface between the body and the neck, which makes the dental implant implant into the human tissue to produce a micro-gap, which is not conducive to The adhesion of the alveolar bone and the filling of the gingival tissue, the bacteria in the oral cavity tend to accumulate at the micro-gap of the interface and cause inflammation around the implant, which leads to the bone resorption and the original combined separation of the implant-bone interface as described above. In addition, the micro-gap of the interface will also reduce the implant stability of the dental implant, which may cause micro-motion during the bite and rotation, resulting in loosening of the fixing screw, bone absorption around the dental implant, and loosening of the abutment and the implant. , shedding, eventually leading to the treatment of dental implants Treatment failed.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a dental implant which can reduce the micro gap between the body and the neck, and the upper end of the body is not necked. The portion occupied by the root end forms a horizontally rough surface, which can guide the alveolar bone to grow to the platform surface at the upper end of the body, thereby enhancing the stability of the dental implant after implantation, thereby improving the success rate of the operation and reducing the patient's success. The pain has a high practical value.

The invention discloses a dental implant comprising a body implanted inside the alveolar bone, a base for assembling the artificial denture, and a neck connecting the body and the base. The side surface and the bottom surface of the body are rough surfaces. The neck is a vertebral structure whose root is gradually narrowed, and the radial dimension of the root end of the neck is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body, so that the portion of the upper end of the body that is not occupied by the root end of the neck forms a horizontal direction. The platform surface is characterized in that the platform surface is a rough surface.

Preferably, the surface of the platform has a roughness of from 1 to 20 microns.

Further, the side surface of the neck is a rough surface, and the side surface of the neck has a roughness of 0.1 to 2 μm. The side surface of the neck is also designed as a rough surface, and the roughness is lower than the roughness of the above-mentioned platform surface, which is favorable for the adhesion and growth of the soft tissue, and can reduce or even eliminate the micro gap between the body and the abutment of the dental implant. Enhance the stability of dental implant placement.

Preferably, the abutment is a cylindrical structure, and the upper end of the neck has a radial dimension of 3 mm, 3.8 mm, 4.8 mm or 5.8 mm, and the root end radial dimension of the abutment is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck, and the radial dimension is poor. 1.5mm or 2mm; the upper end of the body has a radial dimension of 3mm, 3.8mm, 4.8mm or 5.8mm. The radial dimension of the root end of the neck is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body, and the radial dimension difference is 0.5mm or 1mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the body is 2.5mm, 3.1mm, 3.9mm or 4.8mm, the axial length of the abutment is 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, and the axial length of the neck is 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, body The axial length is 8 mm, 10 mm or 12 mm.

Further, the radial dimension of the upper end of the abutment is smaller than the radial dimension of the root end of the base, so that the abutment has a narrow and wide frustum structure, and the angle between the side busbar of the frustum and the central axis of the frustum It is 2°-4°. Further, the abutment is a column structure, the radial dimension of the root end of the abutment is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck, the radial dimension difference is 1.5 mm or 2 mm, and the axial length of the neck is 1 mm, 2 mm or 3 mm. The axial length of the abutment is 4 mm, 5 mm or 6 mm.

Preferably, the central axes of the body, the neck and the abutment coincide.

Preferably, the central axis of the body and the neck coincide, and the central axis of the abutment and the neck form an angle with an angle of 15°, 20° or 25°.

Further, the body is an inverted platform structure whose root is gradually narrowed, and the side surface of the body includes a first thread portion, a second thread portion and a third thread portion which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the first thread The thread shape of the part is a zigzag shape with a tooth tip horizontally, the pitch is 0.5 mm-1.0 mm; the thread shape of the second thread portion is rectangular, the pitch is 1.0 mm-2.0 mm; the thread shape of the third thread portion is the tip of the tooth. The zigzag shape has a pitch of 1.0 mm to 2.0 mm; a length ratio between the first threaded portion, the second threaded portion and the third threaded portion is 1:2:3.

Preferably, the first threaded portion, the second threaded portion and the third threaded portion are both double threaded designs.

Further, a groove is provided on a side surface of the body, and the groove is disposed over the entire axial length of the third thread portion.

Preferably, the grooves are one or a plurality of uniformly distributed grooves, and the grooves are straight grooves or curved grooves.

Further, the abutment is a tetrahedral, pentahedral or hexahedral cylinder.

Further, the base is provided with a socket for inserting a screwdriver, and the center axis of the socket is perpendicular to the upper surface of the body.

Preferably, the socket is quadrilateral, pentagonal or hexagonal.

In summary, with the dental implant of the present invention, the rough design of the platform surface can guide the alveolar bone to further grow to the upper surface of the body, thereby reducing the micro-gap and fretting of the dental implant, and enhancing the dental implant implant. After the stability, improve the success rate of surgery, reduce the pain of patients, has a high market value.

In order to make the above description of the present invention more comprehensible, the preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic structural view of a dental implant of a right angle abutment according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural view of a dental implant of a beveled abutment according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural view showing a body thread design of a dental implant according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural view of a socket of a right angle abutment of a dental implant in an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic structural view of a socket of a beveled abutment of a dental implant in an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a plan view showing the design of the sockets of the right angle abutment and the angled abutment of the dental implant in the embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

The embodiments of the present invention are described below by way of specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can readily understand other advantages and functions of the present invention from the disclosure of the present disclosure. Although the description of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, this is not a limitation of the invention. On the contrary, combined with the implementation of the invention The purpose of the disclosure is to cover other alternatives or modifications that may be extended based on the claims of the invention. In order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, many specific details are included in the following description. The invention may also be practiced without these details. In addition, some specific details are omitted in the description in order to avoid obscuring or obscuring the present invention.

In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", and "bottom" used in the following description are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Embodiment 1

The invention discloses a dental implant, as shown in FIG. 1 , a dental implant comprising a body implanted inside the alveolar bone, a base 2 for assembling the artificial denture, and a connecting body and a base. The neck portion 3 of the table, the side surface and the bottom surface of the body portion 1 are rough surfaces, the neck portion 3 is a vertebral table structure whose root direction is gradually narrowed, and the radial end size of the root end of the neck portion 3 is smaller than the radial size of the upper end portion of the body portion 1, The portion of the upper end of the body 1 that is not occupied by the root end of the neck 3 forms a horizontally facing deck surface 4, which is a rough surface.

Wherein, the roughness of the platform surface 4 is 1-20 micrometers, and the platform surface 4 is processed to be rough by sand blasting, acid etching, etc. Further, the side surface and the bottom surface of the body 1 are rough surfaces, and the roughness thereof 1-20 μm micron can also be treated to be rough by the same sand blasting or abrasion. The rough treatment of the side surface and the bottom surface of the body 1 is beneficial to the attachment of the alveolar bone cells and the growth of the bone, thereby obtaining the stability of the dental implant implantation, and roughening the platform surface 4 for guiding the alveolar bone. The cells are further attached to the deck surface 4 from the side surface of the body 1, so as to be able to fill the micro-gap at the interface of the body 1 and the neck 3, while enhancing the stability of dental implant implantation.

In the dental implant disclosed in the present invention, the side surface of the neck portion 3 may also be designed as a rough surface. Further, the side surface of the neck portion 3 is provided as an outward convex or concave concave curved surface, which can be processed by laser. Forming a surface with a certain roughness, the roughness is smaller than the roughness of the above-mentioned platform surface 4, such a design is beneficial to the attachment and growth of soft tissue, and can further reduce or even eliminate the micro between the body and the neck of the dental implant. The gap effectively removes bone resorption due to the interface and enhances the stability of dental implant implantation.

In this embodiment, the radial dimension of the upper end of the base 2 is smaller than the radial dimension of the root end of the base 2, so that the base 2 has a narrow and wide frustum structure, and the side busbar of the frustum and the central axis of the frustum The angle between the angles is 2°-4°. The shape of the abutment is similar to the shape of the natural preparation teeth, which is convenient for the doctor to directly mold the crown for the operation.

More specifically, the base 2 is a multi-faceted cylindrical structure, such as a tetrahedral, pentahedral or hexahedral cylinder. The multi-sided cylindrical structure enables the abutment 2 to form an externally embedded retaining design. The clamped retention design can be applied to general-purpose implant torque wrenches or machine socket wrenches, so that doctors can use the quadrilateral, pentagon or hexagonal wrenches to hold the abutment 2 for surgery during operation, compared to traditional The cylindrical abutment makes the doctor's operation more convenient.

Further, a socket 11 for inserting a screwdriver is further disposed on the base 2, and a central axis of the socket 11 is perpendicular to an upper surface of the body 1, as shown in FIG. 4, when the dental implant is a right angle abutment, The central axis of the socket 11 is coincident or parallel with the central axes of the body 1, the base 2 and the neck 3; as shown in Fig. 5, when the dental implant is an oblique abutment, the central axis and the body of the socket 11 1. The central axes of the necks 3 are coincident or parallel so as to form an angle with the central axis of the base 2. More specifically, the socket 11 is designed as a hollow polygonal structure such as a quadrangle, a pentagon or a hexagon, and the socket 11 as shown in FIG. 6 is designed as a hollow hexagonal structure for the doctor to occupy in a narrow oral space. The planting site is operated with tools. For example, during the implantation of the implant, the space reserved for the missing teeth due to the restriction of the teeth on both sides is very narrow, and it is impossible to use the fixed position of the implant implant torque wrench or The machine uses a socket wrench for the implantation operation, and the auxiliary in-line screwdriver tool can be inserted into the socket 11 by the torque principle of the torque wrench tool, and the dental implant can be easily implanted in a narrow space, thereby Avoid damage to healthy teeth around you.

In the dental implant of the present invention, the whole dental implant can be a one-piece dental implant which is integrally formed between the body 1, the abutment 2 and the neck 3, and is implanted with a one-piece dental implant. One-piece whole body implantation; it can also be a two-stage dental implant. When it is a two-stage dental implant, the parts are generally connected by screws and other fixing mechanisms, whether it is a one-piece dental implant or two segments. The dental implant body is designed to be rough on the upper surface of the body surface, and can guide the alveolar bone to extend to the platform surface at the upper end of the body to reduce the micro gap between the body and the neck, and at the same time The side surface of the neck is also designed as a rough surface with less roughness, which can further reduce or even eliminate the micro-gap between the body and the neck, thereby enhancing the implant stability of the dental implant and improving the success rate of the operation. effect.

Embodiment 2

In the dental implant disclosed in the present invention, the base 2 has a cylindrical structure, and the upper end of the neck 3 has a radial dimension of 3 mm, 3.8 mm, 4.8 mm or 5.8 mm, and the root end of the base 2 has a radial dimension smaller than that of the neck 3. The radial dimension of the upper end, the radial dimension difference between the two is 1.5mm or 2mm; the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1 is 3mm, 3.8mm, 4.8mm or 5.8mm, and the radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 Less than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, the radial dimension difference between the two is 0.5 mm or 1 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the body 1 is 2.5 mm, 3.1 mm, 3.9 mm or 4.8 mm, of the abutment 2 The axial length is 4 mm, 5 mm or 6 mm, the axial length of the neck 3 is 1 mm, 2 mm or 3 mm, and the axial length of the body 1 is 8 mm, 10 mm or 12 mm. It should be noted that the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 should not be larger than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, and the radial dimension of the lower end of the body 1 should be smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, as shown in the figure. As shown in Fig. 1, when the dental implant of the present invention is a right angle abutment, the central axes of the body 1, the neck 3 and the base 2 coincide, in which case the disclosed dental implant of the present invention should Includes the following scenarios:

1. The upper end of the neck 3 has a radial dimension of 3 mm, the upper end of the body 1 has a radial dimension of 3 mm, the radial length of the body 1 has a radial dimension of 2.5 mm, and the root end of the base 2 has a radial dimension smaller than that of the neck 3. Radial dimension at the upper end, radial dimension between the two The difference is 1.5 mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, the radial dimension difference between the two is 0.5 mm or 1 mm; the axial length of the abutment 2 is 4 mm. 5mm or 6mm, the axial length of the neck 3 is 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the axial length of the body 1 is 8mm, 10mm or 12mm.

2. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 is 3 mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1 is 3.8 mm, the radial dimension of the root end of the body 1 is 2.5 mm or 3.1 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the base 2 is smaller than The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3, the radial dimension difference between the two is 1.5 mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, the radial direction between the two The dimensional difference is 0.5 mm or 1 mm; the axial length of the base 2 is 4 mm, 5 mm or 6 mm, the axial length of the neck 3 is 1 mm, 2 mm or 3 mm, and the axial length of the body 1 is 8 mm, 10 mm or 12 mm.

3. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 is 3 mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1 is 4.8 mm, the radial dimension of the root end of the body 1 is 2.5 mm, 3.1 mm or 3.9 mm; the root end diameter of the abutment 2 The radial dimension of the upper end is smaller than the radial dimension of the neck 3, the difference in radial dimension between the two is 1.5 mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, between The radial dimension difference is 0.5 mm or 1 mm; the axial length of the base 2 is 4 mm, 5 mm or 6 mm, the axial length of the neck 3 is 1 mm, 2 mm or 3 mm, and the axial length of the body 1 is 8 mm, 10 mm. Or 12mm.

4. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 is 3 mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1 is 5.8 mm, the radial dimension of the root end of the body 1 is 2.5 mm, 3.1 mm, 3.9 mm or 4.8 mm; The radial dimension of the root end is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 1.5 mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, two The radial dimension difference between the two is 0.5 mm or 1 mm; the axial length of the base 2 is 4 mm, 5 mm or 6 mm, the axial length of the neck 3 is 1 mm, 2 mm or 3 mm, and the axial length of the body 1 is 8mm, 10mm or 12mm.

5. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 is 3.8 mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1 is 3.8 mm, the radial dimension of the root end of the body 1 is 2.5 mm or 3.1 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the base 2 Less than the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3, the radial dimension difference between the two is 1.5 mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, the diameter between the two The dimension difference is 0.5 mm or 1 mm; the axial length of the base 2 is 4 mm, 5 mm or 6 mm, the axial length of the neck 3 is 1 mm, 2 mm or 3 mm, and the axial length of the body 1 is 8 mm, 10 mm or 12 mm. .

6. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 is 3.8 mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1 is 4.8 mm, the radial dimension of the root end of the body 1 is 2.5 mm, 3.1 mm or 3.9 mm; the root end of the base 2 The radial dimension is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 1.5 mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, both of which The radial dimension difference is 0.5 mm or 1 mm; the axial length of the base 2 is 4 mm, 5 mm or 6 mm, the axial length of the neck 3 is 1 mm, 2 mm or 3 mm, and the axial length of the body 1 is 8 mm. 10mm or 12mm.

7. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 is 3.8 mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1 is 5.8 mm, and the radial dimension of the root end of the body 1 is 2.5 mm, 3.1 mm, 3.9 mm or 4.8 mm; The root end radial dimension is smaller than the upper end diameter of the neck 3 To the dimension, the radial dimension difference between the two is 1.5 mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 0.5 mm or 1 mm; the axial length of the base 2 is 4 mm, 5 mm or 6 mm, the axial length of the neck 3 is 1 mm, 2 mm or 3 mm, and the axial length of the body 1 is 8 mm, 10 mm or 12 mm.

8. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 is 4.8 mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1 is 4.8 mm, the radial dimension of the root end of the body 1 is 2.5 mm, 3.1 mm or 3.9 mm; the root end of the base 2 The radial dimension is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 1.5 mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, both of which The radial dimension difference is 0.5 mm or 1 mm; the axial length of the base 2 is 4 mm, 5 mm or 6 mm, the axial length of the neck 3 is 1 mm, 2 mm or 3 mm, and the axial length of the body 1 is 8 mm. 10mm or 12mm.

9. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 is 4.8 mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1 is 5.8 mm, and the radial dimension of the root end of the body 1 is 2.5 mm, 3.1 mm, 3.9 mm or 4.8 mm; The radial end dimension of the root end is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 1.5 mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, The radial dimension difference between the two is 0.5 mm or 1 mm; the axial length of the base 2 is 4 mm, 5 mm or 6 mm, and the axial length of the neck 3 is 1 mm, 2 mm or 3 mm, and the axial length of the body 1 It is 8mm, 10mm or 12mm.

10. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 is 5.8 mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1 is 5.8 mm, and the radial dimension of the root end of the body 1 is 2.5 mm, 3.1 mm, 3.9 mm or 4.8 mm; The radial end dimension of the root end is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 1.5 mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck 3 is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, The radial dimension difference between the two is 0.5 mm or 1 mm; the axial length of the base 2 is 4 mm, 5 mm or 6 mm, and the axial length of the neck 3 is 1 mm, 2 mm or 3 mm, and the axial length of the body 1 It is 8mm, 10mm or 12mm.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, when the dental implant disclosed in the present invention is an oblique abutment, the central axes of the body 1 and the neck 3 coincide, and the central axis of the base 2 and the middle of the neck 3 The angle between the shafts is δ, and the value of the angle δ is 15°, 20° or 25°. In this case, the dental implant disclosed in the present invention further includes the following situations:

11. The angle δ between the central axis of the base 2 and the central axis of the neck 3 is 15°, the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, and the root end diameter of the body 1. Toward the size, the radial end of the root end of the base 2 and the upper end of the neck 3, the radial difference between the root end of the neck 3 and the upper end of the body 1 and the respective body 1, base 2, neck 3 The axial length corresponds to the case of 1-10 described above;

12. The angle δ between the central axis of the base 2 and the central axis of the neck 3 is 20°, the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1, and the root end diameter of the body 1. Toward the size, the radial end of the root end of the base 2 and the upper end of the neck 3, the radial difference between the root end of the neck 3 and the upper end of the body 1 and the respective body 1, base 2, neck 3 The axial length corresponds to the case of 1-10 described above;

13. The angle δ between the central axis of the base 2 and the central axis of the neck 3 is 25°, the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3, the body The radial dimension of the upper end of the portion 1, the radial dimension of the root end of the body 1, the radial dimension of the root end of the base 2 and the upper end of the neck 3, the root end of the neck 3 and the radial dimension of the upper end of the body 1 The difference and the axial length of each of the body 1, the base 2, and the neck 3 correspond to the above-described 1-10.

According to the above model of dental implant provided by the present invention, the radial dimension of the upper end of the base 2 is smaller than the radial dimension of the root end of the base 2, so that the base 2 has a narrow and wide frustum structure, and the side busbar of the frustum The angle between the central axes of the frustum ranges from 2° to 4°. According to the above model, the abutment 2 can be configured as a whole in accordance with the size of the artificial denture, so that during the implantation of the dental implant, the doctor does not need to re-prepare the abutment on the dental implant for different patients. The shape and size of the patient should be selected according to the location of the patient's missing teeth and the thickness of the gums, and the dental implants of the appropriate type should be selected for operation, and the horizontal line of the bottom end of the abutment 2 should be placed below the gums or level with the gums, thereby reducing When the abutment is prepared on site, the vibration of the dental implant and the foreign body generated by using the bur are left around the wound to cause infection. At the same time, selecting the appropriate type of dental implant facilitates the installation of the temporary restoration immediately after the implant is implanted, or the doctor. The final restoration can be taken directly, so that the patient does not need to perform a second operation, thereby reducing the pain of the patient. In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the dental implant of the oblique abutment can select an implant of a suitable angle according to the location and condition of the missing tooth when the implant is implanted, which is convenient for the doctor's operation.

More specifically, the abutment 2 is a multi-faceted cylindrical structure, for example, a tetrahedron, a pentahedron or a hexahedral cylinder, and the multi-faceted cylindrical structure can form a retaining design of the outer embedding position. The retention design can be applied to a universal implant torque wrench or a machine socket wrench, so that the doctor can use the quadrangular, pentagonal or hexagonal wrench to hold the base 2 for operation during operation, compared to the conventional cylinder. It makes the doctor's operation more convenient.

Further, a socket 11 for inserting a screwdriver may be provided on the base 2, the middle axis of the socket 11 being perpendicular to the upper surface of the body 1, as shown in FIG. 4, when the dental implant is a right angle abutment The central axis of the socket 11 is coincident or parallel with the central axes of the body 1, the base 2 and the neck 3; as shown in FIG. 5, when the dental implant is an oblique abutment, the central axis and the body of the socket 11 The central axes of the section 1 and the neck 3 are coincident or parallel so as to form an angle with the central axis of the base 2. More specifically, the socket 11 is designed as a hollow polygonal structure such as a quadrangle, a pentagon or a hexagon, and the socket 11 as shown in FIG. 6 is designed as a hollow hexagonal structure for the doctor to occupy in a narrow oral space. The planting site is operated with tools, such as the space reserved for the missing teeth due to the restriction of the teeth on both sides during the implantation of the implant. The narrow insertion of the fixed implant torque wrench or the machine socket wrench can not be used to insert the auxiliary in-line screwdriver tool into the socket 11 by the torque principle of the torque wrench tool. The narrow space can also be easily implanted into the dental implant, thus avoiding damage to the surrounding healthy teeth.

In the dental implant of the present invention, the whole dental implant can be a one-piece dental implant which is integrally formed between the body 1, the abutment 2 and the neck 3, and is implanted with a one-piece dental implant. One-piece whole body implantation; it can also be a two-stage dental implant. When it is a two-stage dental implant, the parts are generally connected by screws and other fixing mechanisms, whether it is a one-piece dental implant or two segments. The dental implant has a rough surface on the upper end of the body, and can guide the alveolar bone to grow on the platform surface at the upper end of the body, reduce the micro-gap between the body and the neck, and at the same time The side surface of the part is also designed as a rough surface with less roughness, which can further reduce or even eliminate the micro-gap between the body and the neck, thereby enhancing the implant stability of the dental implant and improving the success rate of the operation. .

Embodiment 3

As shown in FIG. 3, in the dental implant disclosed in the present invention, the body 1 is provided as a vertebral body structure whose root is gradually narrowed, thereby reducing the drilling resistance and facilitating the implantation of the body 1 into the alveolar bone. The side surface of the body 1 includes a first threaded portion 6, a second threaded portion 7 and a third threaded portion 8 that are sequentially joined from top to bottom, wherein the thread shape of the first threaded portion 6 is at the tip of the tooth. The zigzag shape has a pitch of 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm; the thread shape of the second threaded portion 7 is a trapezoidal or a radial thread with a pitch of 1.0 mm to 2.0 mm; and the thread shape of the third threaded portion 8 is a serrated thread with a tooth tip facing downward. The pitch is 1.0 mm to 2.0 mm; and the length ratio between the first threaded portion 6, the second threaded portion 7, and the third threaded portion 8 is 1:2:3.

Preferably, the three threaded portions included in the side surface of the body 1 may be a single thread design or a double thread design. When the dental implant is drilled into the alveolar bone, when the body 1 is rotated 360° at a time, the double The threaded dental implant can advance double the pitch and can be implanted faster than the single-threaded dental implant, which speeds up the dental implant, shortens the operation time and reduces the heat generated during the operation. To avoid bone necrosis and absorption caused by excessive heat in the surrounding bones.

More specifically, during the implantation of the dental implant, first, the third threaded portion 8 cuts the cancellous bone at the bottom of the alveolar by means of a zigzag thread whose tooth tip is downward, and the self-tapping thread is designed such that The dental implant can be quickly implanted into the alveolar bone, then the second threaded portion 7 is disposed in the middle portion of the body 1, and the square thread shape in the second threaded portion 7 facilitates better compression from the third threaded portion 8 The upper cancellous bone is finally stabilized by the fine thread of the first threaded portion 6 to secure the dental implant in the alveolar bone. The combination of three threaded parts makes it easier and faster to implant a one-stage implant and achieve better initial stability, which shortens the time of implant surgery and relieves pain for the patient. The thread design of the side surface of the body 1 of the present invention is not limited to the above, but should include other thread designs capable of achieving the same function.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the side surface of the body 1 is further provided with a side slit groove 9 which is disposed over the entire axial length of the third thread portion 8, and may be uniformly distributed The side cut grooves, for example, two, three or four, and the side cut grooves 9 may be in the shape of a straight groove parallel to the central axis of the body 1, or an oblique groove at an angle to the central axis of the body 1. The groove is a spiral or the like curved groove that surrounds the surface of the third threaded portion 8. The side cut groove 9 and the third threaded portion 8 cooperate with each other for cutting the cancellous bone at the bottom of the alveolar, and the side cut groove 9 can form a bone accumulation surface, thereby guiding the cancellous bone cut by the third thread portion 8 from the body portion. The bottom end of the 1 is smoothly ascended, which makes the implantation process of the dental implant faster and the implant is more stable, and can prevent the gallbladder from scattering and causing periodontal inflammation.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 3, the bottom 10 of the body 1 of the dental implant disclosed in the present invention is provided in a spherical shape, and the surface of the bottom 10 is not designed with a thread, and the spherical design is such that the bottom of the body 1 does not pass on the one hand. Tip, avoiding damage to soft tissue in the bone groove when implanting the dental implant, and when the implant is subjected to the bite force of food chewing in the alveolar bone, it is easy to cause the alveolar due to the destructive force or impact force of the stress concentration around the implant. Bone damage; on the other hand, it is not too blunt, resulting in greater drilling resistance when the implant is implanted into the alveolar bone, which is not conducive to implant implantation.

In the dental implant disclosed in the present invention, the side surface of the neck portion 3 is a rough surface, and further, the side surface of the neck portion 3 is provided as a convex curved surface which is convex outward or concave, and can be formed by laser processing. The surface of the roughness has a roughness smaller than the roughness of the platform surface 4, and the design is favorable for the adhesion and growth of the soft tissue, and can further reduce or even eliminate the micro gap between the body and the neck of the dental implant, and is effective The bone resorption due to the interface is removed, and the stability of dental implant implantation is enhanced.

Further, a socket 11 for inserting a screwdriver may be provided on the base 2, the middle axis of the socket 11 being perpendicular to the upper surface of the body 1, as shown in FIG. 4, when the dental implant is a right angle abutment The central axis of the socket 11 is coincident or parallel with the central axes of the body 1, the base 2 and the neck 3; as shown in FIG. 5, when the dental implant is an oblique abutment, the central axis and the body of the socket 11 The central axes of the section 1 and the neck 3 are coincident or parallel so as to form an angle with the central axis of the base 2. More specifically, the socket 11 is designed as a hollow polygonal structure such as a quadrangle, a pentagon or a hexagon, and the socket 11 as shown in FIG. 6 is designed as a hollow hexagonal structure for the doctor to occupy in a narrow oral space. Planting site Operation with tools, for example, during the implantation of the implant, the space reserved for the missing teeth due to the restriction of the teeth on both sides is very narrow, and it is impossible to use the fixed position implant torque wrench or the machine socket wrench. In the implantation operation, the auxiliary in-line screwdriver tool can be inserted into the socket 11 by the tool torque principle of the torque wrench, and the dental implant can be easily implanted in a narrow space, thereby avoiding damage to the surrounding healthy teeth. .

In the dental implant of the present invention, the whole dental implant can be a one-piece dental implant which is integrally formed between the body 1, the abutment 2 and the neck 3, and is implanted with a one-piece dental implant. One-piece whole body implantation; it can also be a two-stage dental implant. When it is a two-stage dental implant, the parts are generally connected by screws and other fixing mechanisms, whether it is a one-piece dental implant or two segments. The dental implant has a rough surface on the upper end of the body, and can guide the alveolar bone to grow on the platform surface at the upper end of the body, reduce the micro-gap between the body and the neck, and at the same time The side surface of the part is also designed as a rough surface with less roughness, which can guide the soft tissue adhesion and further reduce or even eliminate the micro-gap between the body and the neck, thereby enhancing the implant stability of the dental implant and improving the operation. The effect of success rate.

In summary, the one-piece implant provided by the present invention can guide the extension of the alveolar bone to the platform surface at the upper end of the body, thereby reducing the micro-gap and fretting of the dental implant and enhancing the dental implant implantation. After the stability, improve the success rate of surgery, shorten the operation time, reduce the pain of patients, has a high market value. The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention and its effects, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications or variations of the above-described embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention will be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

A dental implant comprising a body implanted inside the alveolar bone, a base for fitting the artificial denture, and a neck connecting the body and the base, the side surface and the bottom surface of the body being a rough surface, the neck is a pedestal structure whose root is gradually narrowed, and the root end has a radial dimension smaller than a radial dimension of the upper end of the body such that the upper end of the body is not The portion occupied by the root end of the neck forms a horizontally facing deck surface characterized in that the deck surface is a rough surface.
The dental implant of claim 1 wherein said platform surface has a roughness of from 1 to 20 microns.
The dental implant according to claim 1, wherein the side surface of the neck portion is a rough surface, and the side surface of the neck portion has a roughness of 0.1 to 2 μm.
The dental implant according to claim 1, wherein said abutment is a cylindrical structure, and said upper end of said neck has a radial dimension of 3 mm, 3.8 mm, 4.8 mm or 5.8 mm, said abutment The root end radial dimension is smaller than the upper end radial dimension of the neck, the radial dimension difference is 1.5 mm or 2 mm; the upper end radial dimension of the body is 3 mm, 3.8 mm, 4.8 mm or 5.8 mm, The radial dimension of the root end of the neck is smaller than the radial dimension of the upper end of the body, the radial dimension difference is 0.5 mm or 1 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the body is 2.5 mm, 3.1 mm, 3.9 mm or 4.8 mm The axial length of the abutment is 4 mm, 5 mm or 6 mm; the axial length of the neck is 1 mm, 2 mm or 3 mm; the axial length of the body is 8 mm, 10 mm or 12 mm.
The dental implant according to claim 4, wherein the upper end of the base has a radial dimension smaller than a radial dimension of the root end of the base such that the base is a narrow and wide frustum structure. The angle between the side busbar of the frustum and the central axis of the frustum ranges from 2° to 4°.
The dental implant according to claim 5, wherein the body, the neck and the central axis of the base are coincident.
The dental implant according to claim 5, wherein the body and the central axis of the neck coincide, and the abutment and the central axis of the neck form an angle therebetween. The angle of inclusion is 15°, 20° or 25°.
The dental implant according to claim 1, wherein the body is a vertebral body structure whose root is gradually narrowed, and the side surface of the body includes a first thread that is sequentially connected from top to bottom. a second threaded portion and a third threaded portion, wherein the threaded shape of the first threaded portion is a sawtooth shape with a tooth tip level, the pitch is 0.5 mm - 1.0 mm; the thread shape of the second threaded portion is rectangular, pitch The first thread portion, the second thread portion and the third thread portion are in the shape of a zigzag having a tip-down shape with a pitch of 1.0 mm to 2.0 mm. The length ratio between the two is 1:2:3.
The dental implant of claim 8, wherein the first threaded portion, the second threaded portion, and the third threaded portion are both double threaded designs.
The dental implant according to claim 8, wherein a side surface of the body is provided with a groove, and the groove is provided over the entire axial length of the third threaded portion.
The dental implant of claim 10, wherein the grooves are one or a plurality of uniformly distributed grooves, and the grooves are straight grooves or curved grooves.
The dental implant according to claim 1, wherein the abutment is a tetrahedral, pentahedral or hexahedral cylinder.
A dental implant according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the base is provided with a socket for inserting a screwdriver, the central axis of the socket being perpendicular to the upper surface of the body.
The dental implant according to claim 13, wherein the socket is quadrangular, pentagonal or hexagonal.