CN107456288B

CN107456288B - Dental implant

Info

Publication number: CN107456288B
Application number: CN201610387510.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王启浩
Original assignee: 王启浩
Current assignee: Yitikang (Shanghai) Medical Technology Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2016-06-02
Filing date: 2016-06-02
Publication date: 2020-03-03
Anticipated expiration: 2036-06-02
Also published as: CN107456288A

Abstract

The invention relates to a dental implant, which comprises a body part implanted into an alveolar bone, an abutment used for sleeving an artificial denture, and a neck part connecting the body part and the abutment, wherein the side surface and the bottom surface of the body part are rough surfaces, the neck part is a cone frustum structure gradually reduced from the root to the root, and the radial dimension of the root end of the neck part is smaller than that of the upper end of the body part, so that the part of the upper end of the body part, which is not occupied by the root end of the neck part, forms a horizontal platform surface, and the platform surface is a rough surface. The dental implant has the advantages that the platform surface on the upper surface of the body part of the dental implant is designed to be a rough surface, alveolar bones are guided to extend to the platform surface, micro gaps and micro motions among all parts of the traditional dental implant are reduced, the stability of the dental implant after implantation is enhanced, the success rate of the operation is improved, the pain of a patient is relieved, and the dental implant has high practical value.

Description

Dental implant

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a dental implant for implanting an artificial denture.

Background

Dental implant treatments have been in the past for over 50 years. Common to intraosseous dental implants are: foliated implants, cylindrical implants, helical implants, anchor implants, mandibular implants, and upgraded scaffold implants, among others. The two-part series of titanium implants created by professor Branemark, sweden, at the end of the 60 s, first proposed and confirmed the theory of osseointegration. The American Academy of Implant Dentistry (AAID) institute of dental Implant sciences in 1990 defines osseointegration as: the normal reconstructed bone is in direct contact with the implant, soft tissue ingrowth can be seen under no optical lens, and the load of the implant can be continuously transmitted and dispersed in the bone tissue. Studies by multiple scholars have demonstrated that immediate implantation results in osseointegration and clinical verification supports the repair of implanted dentures.

One of the major reasons for the failure of dental implant treatment is the inflammation and necrosis of the tissue surrounding the dental implant, resulting in the resorption of the gums and bones. The lesion of the tissues around the dental implant is the inflammatory damage of soft and hard tissues around the implant, including reversible implant mucositis which involves soft tissues and peri-dental-implant inflammation which involves the implant bone bed and causes bone resorption. If the latter is not treated in time, the continuous bone absorption and the original combination of the implant-bone interface are separated, and finally the implant is loosened and falls off.

Current dental implants include one-part dental implants and two-part dental implants. The two-stage dental implant is mainly composed of three parts, namely: a body part implanted in the alveolar bone, an abutment exposed to the outside of the dental mucosa and providing support and retention for the artificial denture thereon, and a set screw connecting the body part and the abutment. The one-piece dental implant is formed by integrally forming the three parts into a whole. The upper surface of the existing dental implant part is generally designed to be a smooth surface, a smooth surface interface is formed between the body part and the neck part, and the interface causes micro gaps after the dental implant is implanted into human tissues, which is not beneficial to the attachment of alveolar bones and the filling of gingival tissues, bacteria in oral cavity are easy to accumulate at the micro gaps of the interface to cause peri-implantitis, thereby further causing the bone absorption and the original combination separation of the implant-bone interface; in addition, the micro-gap of the interface can also reduce the implantation stability of the dental implant, and micro-motion is easily caused during occlusion and rotation, so that a fixing screw is loosened, the bone around the dental implant is absorbed, the abutment and the implant are loosened and fall off, and finally the treatment of the dental implant fails.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a dental implant, which can reduce a micro-gap between a body part and a neck part, and a horizontal rough terrace surface is formed at a portion of an upper end of the body part not occupied by a root end of the neck part, so that alveolar bone can be guided to extend and grow to the terrace surface at the upper end of the body part, and stability of the dental implant after implantation can be enhanced, thereby improving a success rate of an operation, alleviating pain of a patient, and having a high practical value.

The invention discloses a dental implant, which comprises a body part implanted into an alveolar bone, an abutment used for sleeving an artificial denture, and a neck part connecting the body part and the abutment, wherein the side surface and the bottom surface of the body part are rough surfaces, the neck part is a cone structure gradually reduced from the root direction, and the radial dimension of the root end of the neck part is smaller than that of the upper end of the body part, so that the part of the upper end of the body part, which is not occupied by the root end of the neck part, forms a horizontal platform surface.

Preferably, the mesa face has a roughness of 1 to 20 microns.

Further, the side surface of the neck part is a rough surface, and the roughness of the side surface of the neck part is 0.1-2 μm. The side surface of the neck part is also designed into a rough surface, the roughness of the rough surface is lower than that of the platform surface, the attachment and the growth of soft tissues are facilitated, the micro-gap between the body part and the abutment of the dental implant can be reduced or even eliminated, and the implantation stability of the dental implant is enhanced.

Preferably, the abutment is of a cylindrical structure, the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck is 3mm, 3.8mm, 4.8mm or 5.8mm, the radial dimension of the root end of the abutment is smaller than that of the upper end of the neck, and the radial dimension difference is 1.5mm or 2 mm; the radial size of the upper end of the body part is 3mm, 3.8mm, 4.8mm or 5.8mm, the radial size of the root end of the neck part is smaller than that of the upper end of the body part, and the radial size difference is 0.5mm or 1 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the body part is 2.5mm, 3.1mm, 3.9mm or 4.8mm, the axial length of the abutment is 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the axial length of the neck part is 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the axial length of the body part is 8mm, 10mm or 12 mm.

Furthermore, the radial size of the upper end of the base station is smaller than that of the root end of the base station, so that the base station is in a frustum structure with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part, and the included angle between a side surface bus of the frustum and the central axis of the frustum ranges from 2 degrees to 4 degrees. Further, the base station is cylinder structure, and the root end radial dimension of base station is less than the upper end radial dimension of neck, and the radial dimension difference is 1.5mm or 2mm, and the axial length of neck is 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the axial length of base station is 4mm, 5mm or 6 mm.

Preferably, the body, neck and abutment have their central axes coincident.

Preferably, the central axes of the body and the neck are coincident, and the central axes of the abutment and the neck form an included angle of 15 °, 20 ° or 25 °.

Furthermore, the body part is of an inverted cone structure with the root gradually reduced, the side surface of the body part comprises a first thread part, a second thread part and a third thread part which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the thread shape of the first thread part is a sawtooth shape with a horizontal tooth tip, and the thread pitch is 0.5mm-1.0 mm; the thread shape of the second thread part is rectangular, and the thread pitch is 1.0mm-2.0 mm; the thread shape of the third thread part is a sawtooth with a downward tooth tip, and the thread pitch is 1.0mm-2.0 mm; the length ratio between the first threaded portion, the second threaded portion, and the third threaded portion is 1:2: 3.

Preferably, the first, second and third threaded portions are of double-threaded design.

Further, a groove is provided on a side surface of the body portion, the groove being provided over an entire axial length of the third threaded portion.

Preferably, the groove is one or a plurality of uniformly distributed grooves, and the groove is a straight groove or a curved groove.

Further, the base station is a tetrahedron, pentahedron or hexahedron cylinder.

Further, the base station is provided with a socket for inserting the screwdriver, and the middle axis of the socket is perpendicular to the upper surface of the body.

Preferably, the socket is quadrilateral, pentagonal or hexagonal.

In conclusion, by using the dental implant of the invention, the rough design of the platform surface can guide the alveolar bone to further grow to the upper surface of the body part, thereby reducing the micro-gap and micro-motion of the dental implant, enhancing the stability of the dental implant after being implanted, improving the success rate of the operation, relieving the pain of the patient and having high market popularization value.

In order that the foregoing and other objects, features, and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a preferred embodiment of the invention will be hereinafter described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a dental implant with a right-angled abutment according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a dental implant with a bevel abutment according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a thread design structure of a body part of a dental implant according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the socket of the right angle abutment of the dental implant according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the socket of the angled abutment of the dental implant according to an embodiment of the present invention;

figure 6 is a top view of a socket design for a square abutment and a bevel abutment of a dental implant in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure. While the invention will be described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended that features of the invention be limited to these embodiments. On the contrary, the invention is described in connection with the embodiments for the purpose of covering alternatives or modifications that may be extended based on the claims of the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention may be practiced without these particulars. Moreover, some of the specific details have been left out of the description in order to avoid obscuring or obscuring the focus of the present invention.

The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top" and "bottom" used in the following description should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example one

The invention discloses a dental implant, as shown in figure 1, the dental implant comprises a body part 1 implanted in an alveolar bone, an abutment 2 for sleeving an artificial denture, and a neck part 3 connecting the body part and the abutment, wherein the side surface and the bottom surface of the body part 1 are rough surfaces, the neck part 3 is a conical frustum structure gradually reduced from the root direction, the radial dimension of the root end of the neck part 3 is smaller than that of the upper end of the body part 1, so that the part of the upper end of the body part 1, which is not occupied by the root end of the neck part 3, forms a horizontal platform surface 4, and the platform surface 4 is a rough surface.

Wherein the roughness of the terrace surface 4 is 1 to 20 μm, the terrace surface 4 is treated to be rough by sand blasting, acid etching, etc., and further, both the side surface and the bottom surface of the body 1 are rough surfaces having a roughness of 1 to 20 μm, and can be treated to be rough by the same sand blasting or abrasion. The rough treatment of the side surface and the bottom surface of the body part 1 is beneficial to the attachment of alveolar bone cells and the growth of bones, so that the stability of dental implant implantation is obtained, the platform surface 4 is subjected to rough treatment, the alveolar bone cells are conveniently guided to be further attached to the platform surface 4 from the side surface of the body part 1, the micro-gap at the interface of the body part 1 and the neck part 3 can be filled, and the stability of dental implant implantation is enhanced.

In the dental implant disclosed by the invention, the side surface of the neck part 3 can also be designed into a rough surface, further, the side surface of the neck part 3 is arranged into a rough cambered surface which is convex outwards or concave inwards, and the surface with certain roughness can be formed through laser treatment, and the roughness of the surface is less than that of the platform surface 4.

In the embodiment, the radial size of the upper end of the abutment 2 is smaller than the radial size of the root end of the abutment 2, so that the abutment 2 is in a frustum structure with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part, the included angle between the side generatrix of the frustum and the central axis of the frustum ranges from 2 degrees to 4 degrees, the shape of the abutment is similar to the shape of a natural tooth preparation, and a doctor can directly take a die to manufacture a dental crown conveniently during operation.

More specifically, the abutment 2 is a multi-face cylinder structure, such as a tetrahedron, pentahedron or hexahedron cylinder, the multi-face cylinder structure enables the abutment 2 to form an external-embedded retention design, the external-embedded retention design can be applied to a universal implant torque wrench or a socket wrench for a machine, a doctor can use a quadrangular, pentagonal or hexagonal wrench to clamp the abutment 2 for surgery during operation, and the operation of the doctor is more convenient compared with a traditional cylinder abutment.

Further, a socket 11 for inserting a screwdriver is further provided on the abutment 2, a central axis of the socket 11 is perpendicular to the upper surface of the body 1, as shown in fig. 4, when the dental implant is a right-angle abutment, the central axis of the socket 11 coincides with or is parallel to the central axes of the body 1, the abutment 2 and the neck 3; as shown in fig. 5, when the dental implant is a bevel abutment, the central axis of the socket 11 coincides with or is parallel to the central axes of the body portion 1 and the neck portion 3, and thus forms an included angle with the central axis of the abutment 2. More specifically, the socket 11 is designed to be a hollow polygonal structure, such as a quadrangle, a pentagon or a hexagon, and the socket 11 shown in fig. 6 is designed to be a hollow hexagonal structure, so that a doctor can conveniently use a tool to operate on an implant part in a narrow oral cavity space, for example, in the implant implantation process, the space reserved at the edentulous part due to the teeth at two sides is very narrow, so that the implant can not be implanted by using a retention implant torque wrench or a socket wrench, an auxiliary embedded screwdriver tool can be inserted into the socket 11 to operate by using the torque principle of the torque wrench tool, and a dental implant can be easily implanted in the narrow space, thereby avoiding damage to the peripheral healthy teeth.

In the dental implant disclosed by the invention, the whole dental implant can be a one-stage dental implant which is formed by integrally forming the body part 1, the abutment 2 and the neck part 3 and is inseparable from each other, and the one-stage dental implant is integrally implanted at one time when being implanted; also can be for two-stage type dental implant, when being two-stage type dental implant, generally adopt fixed establishment such as screw to couple together between each part, no matter be one-stage type dental implant or two-stage type dental implant, the terrace surface design with the somatic part upper surface is crude, all can guide the alveolar bone to extend to grow on the terrace surface of somatic part upper end, reduce the micro-gap of the interface of somatic part and neck, also design the less rough surface of roughness with the side surface of neck simultaneously, can further reduce and even eliminate the micro-gap between somatic part and the neck, thereby reach the implantation stability of reinforcing dental implant, improve the effect of operation success rate.

Example two

In the dental implant disclosed by the invention, the abutment 2 is of a cylindrical structure, the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck 3 is 3mm, 3.8mm, 4.8mm or 5.8mm, the radial dimension of the root end of the abutment 2 is smaller than that of the upper end of the neck 3, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 1.5mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the upper end of the body part 1 is 3mm, 3.8mm, 4.8mm or 5.8mm, the radial dimension of the root end of the neck part 3 is smaller than that of the upper end of the body part 1, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 0.5mm or 1 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the body part 1 is 2.5mm, 3.1mm, 3.9mm or 4.8mm, the axial length of the abutment 2 is 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the axial length of the neck part 3 is 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the axial length of the body part 1 is 8mm, 10mm or 12 mm. It should be noted that, in which the upper end radial dimension of the neck portion 3 should be not larger than the upper end radial dimension of the body portion 1 and the lower end radial dimension of the body portion 1 should be smaller than the upper end radial dimension of the body portion 1, as shown in fig. 1, when the dental implant of the present invention is a right-angled abutment, the central axes of the body portion 1, the neck portion 3 and the abutment 2 coincide, in which case the disclosed dental implant of the present invention should include the following cases:

1. the radial dimension of the upper end of the neck part 3 is 3mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body part 1 is 3mm, and the radial dimension of the root end of the body part 1 is 2.5 mm; the radial size of the root end of the base platform 2 is smaller than that of the upper end of the neck part 3, and the radial size difference between the root end and the neck part is 1.5mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck part 3 is smaller than that of the upper end of the body part 1, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 0.5mm or 1 mm; the abutment 2 has an axial length of 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the neck 3 has an axial length of 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the body 1 has an axial length of 8mm, 10mm or 12 mm.

2. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck part 3 is 3mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body part 1 is 3.8mm, and the radial dimension of the root end of the body part 1 is 2.5mm or 3.1 mm; the radial size of the root end of the base platform 2 is smaller than that of the upper end of the neck part 3, and the radial size difference between the root end and the neck part is 1.5mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck part 3 is smaller than that of the upper end of the body part 1, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 0.5mm or 1 mm; the abutment 2 has an axial length of 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the neck 3 has an axial length of 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the body 1 has an axial length of 8mm, 10mm or 12 mm.

3. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck part 3 is 3mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body part 1 is 4.8mm, and the radial dimension of the root end of the body part 1 is 2.5mm, 3.1mm or 3.9 mm; the radial size of the root end of the base platform 2 is smaller than that of the upper end of the neck part 3, and the radial size difference between the root end and the neck part is 1.5mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck part 3 is smaller than that of the upper end of the body part 1, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 0.5mm or 1 mm; the abutment 2 has an axial length of 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the neck 3 has an axial length of 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the body 1 has an axial length of 8mm, 10mm or 12 mm.

4. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck part 3 is 3mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body part 1 is 5.8mm, and the radial dimension of the root end of the body part 1 is 2.5mm, 3.1mm, 3.9mm or 4.8 mm; the radial size of the root end of the base platform 2 is smaller than that of the upper end of the neck part 3, and the radial size difference between the root end and the neck part is 1.5mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck part 3 is smaller than that of the upper end of the body part 1, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 0.5mm or 1 mm; the abutment 2 has an axial length of 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the neck 3 has an axial length of 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the body 1 has an axial length of 8mm, 10mm or 12 mm.

5. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck part 3 is 3.8mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body part 1 is 3.8mm, and the radial dimension of the root end of the body part 1 is 2.5mm or 3.1 mm; the radial size of the root end of the base platform 2 is smaller than that of the upper end of the neck part 3, and the radial size difference between the root end and the neck part is 1.5mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck part 3 is smaller than that of the upper end of the body part 1, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 0.5mm or 1 mm; the abutment 2 has an axial length of 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the neck 3 has an axial length of 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the body 1 has an axial length of 8mm, 10mm or 12 mm.

6. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck part 3 is 3.8mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body part 1 is 4.8mm, and the radial dimension of the root end of the body part 1 is 2.5mm, 3.1mm or 3.9 mm; the radial size of the root end of the base platform 2 is smaller than that of the upper end of the neck part 3, and the radial size difference between the root end and the neck part is 1.5mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck part 3 is smaller than that of the upper end of the body part 1, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 0.5mm or 1 mm; the abutment 2 has an axial length of 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the neck 3 has an axial length of 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the body 1 has an axial length of 8mm, 10mm or 12 mm.

7. The radial dimension of the upper end of the neck part 3 is 3.8mm, the radial dimension of the upper end of the body part 1 is 5.8mm, and the radial dimension of the root end of the body part 1 is 2.5mm, 3.1mm, 3.9mm or 4.8 mm; the radial size of the root end of the base platform 2 is smaller than that of the upper end of the neck part 3, and the radial size difference between the root end and the neck part is 1.5mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck part 3 is smaller than that of the upper end of the body part 1, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 0.5mm or 1 mm; the abutment 2 has an axial length of 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the neck 3 has an axial length of 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the body 1 has an axial length of 8mm, 10mm or 12 mm.

8. The upper end of the neck 3 has a radial dimension of 4.8mm, the upper end of the body 1 has a radial dimension of 4.8mm, and the root end of the body 1 has a radial dimension of 2.5mm, 3.1mm or 3.9 mm; the radial size of the root end of the base platform 2 is smaller than that of the upper end of the neck part 3, and the radial size difference between the root end and the neck part is 1.5mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck part 3 is smaller than that of the upper end of the body part 1, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 0.5mm or 1 mm; the abutment 2 has an axial length of 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the neck 3 has an axial length of 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the body 1 has an axial length of 8mm, 10mm or 12 mm.

9. The upper end of the neck 3 has a radial dimension of 4.8mm, the upper end of the body 1 has a radial dimension of 5.8mm, and the root end of the body 1 has a radial dimension of 2.5mm, 3.1mm, 3.9mm or 4.8 mm; the radial size of the root end of the base platform 2 is smaller than that of the upper end of the neck part 3, and the radial size difference between the root end and the neck part is 1.5mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck part 3 is smaller than that of the upper end of the body part 1, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 0.5mm or 1 mm; the abutment 2 has an axial length of 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the neck 3 has an axial length of 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the body 1 has an axial length of 8mm, 10mm or 12 mm.

10. The upper end of the neck 3 has a radial dimension of 5.8mm, the upper end of the body 1 has a radial dimension of 5.8mm, and the root end of the body 1 has a radial dimension of 2.5mm, 3.1mm, 3.9mm or 4.8 mm; the radial size of the root end of the base platform 2 is smaller than that of the upper end of the neck part 3, and the radial size difference between the root end and the neck part is 1.5mm or 2 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the neck part 3 is smaller than that of the upper end of the body part 1, and the radial dimension difference between the two is 0.5mm or 1 mm; the abutment 2 has an axial length of 4mm, 5mm or 6mm, the neck 3 has an axial length of 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the body 1 has an axial length of 8mm, 10mm or 12 mm.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, when the dental implant disclosed by the present invention is an oblique abutment, the central axes of the body portion 1 and the neck portion 3 are coincident, the central axis of the abutment 2 and the central axis of the neck portion 3 form an included angle δ, and the included angle δ is 15 °, 20 ° or 25 °, in this case, the dental implant disclosed by the present invention further includes the following situations:

11. an included angle delta between the middle axis of the base station 2 and the middle axis of the neck part 3 is 15 degrees, the upper end radial dimension of the neck part 3, the upper end radial dimension of the body part 1, the root end radial dimension of the body part 1, the radial dimension difference between the root end of the base station 2 and the upper end of the neck part 3, the radial dimension difference between the root end of the neck part 3 and the upper end of the body part 1 and the axial length of each of the body part 1, the base station 2 and the neck part 3 sequentially correspond to the conditions of 1-10;

12. an included angle delta between the middle axis of the base station 2 and the middle axis of the neck part 3 is 20 degrees, the upper end radial dimension of the neck part 3, the upper end radial dimension of the body part 1, the root end radial dimension of the body part 1, the radial dimension difference between the root end of the base station 2 and the upper end of the neck part 3, the radial dimension difference between the root end of the neck part 3 and the upper end of the body part 1 and the axial length of each of the body part 1, the base station 2 and the neck part 3 sequentially correspond to the conditions of 1-10;

13. an included angle delta between the middle axis of the base platform 2 and the middle axis of the neck part 3 is 25 degrees, the upper end radial dimension of the neck part 3, the upper end radial dimension of the body part 1, the root end radial dimension of the body part 1, the radial dimension difference between the root end of the base platform 2 and the upper end of the neck part 3, the radial dimension difference between the root end of the neck part 3 and the upper end of the body part 1 and the axial length of the body part 1, the base platform 2 and the neck part 3 sequentially correspond to the conditions of 1-10.

According to the dental implant with the above model, the radial size of the upper end of the abutment 2 is smaller than the radial size of the root end of the abutment 2, so that the abutment 2 is in a frustum structure with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part, and the included angle between a side generatrix of the frustum and the central axis of the frustum ranges from 2 degrees to 4 degrees. The abutment 2 can be integrally constructed into a size suitable for the artificial denture according to the types, so that in the process of implanting the dental implant, a doctor does not need to use a needle to perform the shape and the size of the abutment on the dental implant again aiming at different patients, only needs to select the dental implant with the proper type to operate according to the situations of the edentulous part, the thickness of the gum and the like of the patient, and the horizontal line of the bottom end of the abutment 2 is arranged below the gum or is horizontal to the gum, so that the vibration of the dental implant when the abutment is prepared on site and the infection caused by the fact that a variant is left around the wound due to the use of the needle can be reduced; meanwhile, the selection of the dental implant with the proper model is beneficial to immediately installing the temporary prosthesis after the implant is implanted, or a doctor can directly take a model to make the final prosthesis, so that the patient does not need to carry out secondary operation, and the pain of the patient can be relieved. In addition, as shown in fig. 2, the dental implant with the bevel abutment can select an implant with a proper angle according to the position and condition of the edentulous tooth when the implant is implanted, thereby facilitating the operation of a doctor.

More specifically, the abutment 2 is a multi-face column structure, such as a tetrahedron, pentahedron or hexahedron column, the multi-face column structure can form an external-embedded retention design, the external-embedded retention design can be applied to a universal implant torque wrench or a machine socket wrench, so that a doctor can use a quadrangular, pentagonal or hexagonal wrench to clamp the abutment 2 for surgery during operation, and the operation of the doctor is more convenient compared with the traditional cylinder.

Further, a socket 11 for inserting a screwdriver may be further provided on the abutment 2, a central axis of the socket 11 is perpendicular to the upper surface of the body 1, as shown in fig. 4, when the dental implant is a right-angle abutment, the central axis of the socket 11 coincides with or is parallel to the central axes of the body 1, the abutment 2 and the neck 3; as shown in fig. 5, when the dental implant is a bevel abutment, the central axis of the socket 11 coincides with or is parallel to the central axes of the body portion 1 and the neck portion 3, and thus forms an included angle with the central axis of the abutment 2. More specifically, the socket 11 is designed to be a hollow polygonal structure, such as a quadrangle, a pentagon or a hexagon, and the socket 11 shown in fig. 6 is designed to be a hollow hexagonal structure, so that a doctor can conveniently use a tool to operate on an implant part in a narrow oral cavity space, for example, in the implant implantation process, the space reserved at the tooth lacking part due to the limited teeth at two sides is very narrow, so that an external embedded retention implant torque wrench or a socket wrench for machine can not be used, the auxiliary embedded screwdriver tool can be inserted into the socket 11 to operate by using the torque principle of the torque wrench tool, and the dental implant can be easily implanted in the narrow space, thereby avoiding damage to the peripheral healthy teeth.

In the dental implant disclosed by the invention, the whole dental implant can be a one-stage dental implant which is formed by integrally forming the body part 1, the abutment 2 and the neck part 3 and is inseparable from each other, and the one-stage dental implant is integrally implanted at one time when being implanted; also can be for two-stage type dental implant, when being two-stage type dental implant, generally adopt fixed establishment such as screw to couple together between each part, no matter be one-stage type dental implant or two-stage type dental implant, the terrace surface design with somatic part upper end is crude, all can guide alveolar bone to extend to grow to the terrace surface of somatic part upper end, reduce the micro-gap of the interface of somatic part and neck, also design the less rough surface of roughness with the side surface of neck simultaneously, can further reduce and even eliminate the micro-gap between somatic part and the neck, thereby reach the implantation stability of reinforcing dental implant, improve the effect of operation success rate.

EXAMPLE III

As shown in fig. 3, in the dental implant of the present disclosure, the body portion 1 is provided in a centrum structure which is gradually reduced in a root direction, thereby reducing a drilling resistance and facilitating the implantation of the body portion 1 into an alveolar bone. The side surface of the body part 1 comprises a first thread part 6, a second thread part 7 and a third thread part 8 which are connected in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the thread shape of the first thread part 6 is a sawtooth shape with a horizontal tooth tip, and the thread pitch is 0.5mm-1.0 mm; the thread shape of the second thread part 7 is trapezoidal or rectangular thread, and the thread pitch is 1.0mm-2.0 mm; the thread shape of the third thread part 8 is a sawtooth thread with a downward tooth tip, and the thread pitch is 1.0mm-2.0 mm; and the length ratio among the first thread part 6, the second thread part 7 and the third thread part 8 is 1:2: 3.

Preferably, three screw thread portion that the side surface of somatic part 1 contained can be for the design of single thread, also can be for the design of double thread, dental implant is when boring into the alveolar bone, when somatic part 1 once rotates 360, the dental implant of double thread design can advance double pitch, implant for the dental implant of single thread design can be faster, thereby accelerate the speed that dental implant implanted, shorten operation time, reduce the heat that sends among the operation process, avoid peripheral bone because the heat is too high and the bone necrosis that causes and absorb.

More specifically, in the process of implanting the dental implant, firstly, the third thread part 8 cuts cancellous bone at the bottom of the dental socket by means of the zigzag thread with the tooth tip facing downwards, the self-tapping thread design enables the dental implant to be rapidly implanted into the dental socket, then the second thread part 7 is arranged in the middle section of the body part 1, the square thread shape in the second thread part 7 is beneficial to better extruding cancellous bone rotated from the third thread part 8, and finally, the fine thread of the first thread part 6 is used for further stabilizing the dental implant in the dental socket. By adopting the design of combining the three thread parts, the one-section type implant can be implanted more conveniently and rapidly, and better initial stability is obtained, so that the time of the dental implant operation is shortened, and the pain of a patient is relieved. The thread design of the side surface of the body 1 of the present invention is not limited to the above, but should include other thread designs capable of achieving the same function.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, the side surface of the body portion 1 is further provided with side-cut grooves 9, the side-cut grooves 9 are disposed on the entire axial length of the third threaded portion 8, and may be a plurality of side-cut grooves, for example, two, three or four side-cut grooves, which are uniformly distributed, and the shape of the side-cut grooves 9 may be a straight groove parallel to the central axis of the body portion 1, an oblique groove forming a certain angle with the central axis of the body portion 1, or a curved groove such as a spiral shape surrounding the surface of the third threaded portion 8. The side cutting groove 9 and the third thread part 8 are mutually matched to be used for cutting cancellous bone at the bottom of the dental alveolus, and the side cutting groove 9 can form a bone fragment accumulation surface, so that the cancellous bone cut by the third thread part 8 is guided to smoothly go upwards from the bottom end of the body part 1, the implantation process of the dental implant is faster and more stable in implantation, and meanwhile, the bone fragments can be prevented from scattering to cause periodontitis inflammation.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the bottom 10 of the body part 1 of the dental implant disclosed by the present invention is provided with a spherical shape, and no thread is designed on the surface of the bottom 10, the spherical shape design makes the bottom of the body part 1 not too sharp on one hand, so as to avoid destroying soft tissues in the bone socket when implanting the dental implant, and the implant is easily damaged by destructive force or impact force of stress concentration around the implant when the implant is subjected to biting force of food chewing in the alveolar bone; on the other hand, the implant cannot be over blunt, so that the drilling resistance encountered when the implant is implanted into the alveolar bone is larger, and the implant is not beneficial to the implantation.

In the dental implant disclosed by the invention, the side surface of the neck part 3 is a rough surface, and further, the side surface of the neck part 3 is arranged to be an outward convex or inward concave rough cambered surface, and a surface with certain roughness can be formed through laser treatment, wherein the roughness of the surface is less than that of the platform surface 4.

Further, a socket 11 for inserting a screwdriver may be further provided on the abutment 2, a central axis of the socket 11 is perpendicular to the upper surface of the body 1, as shown in fig. 4, when the dental implant is a right-angle abutment, the central axis of the socket 11 coincides with or is parallel to the central axes of the body 1, the abutment 2 and the neck 3; as shown in fig. 5, when the dental implant is a bevel abutment, the central axis of the socket 11 coincides with or is parallel to the central axes of the body portion 1 and the neck portion 3, and thus forms an included angle with the central axis of the abutment 2. More specifically, the socket 11 is designed to be a hollow polygonal structure, such as a quadrangle, a pentagon or a hexagon, and the socket 11 shown in fig. 6 is designed to be a hollow hexagonal structure, so that a doctor can conveniently use a tool to operate on an implant part in a narrow oral cavity space, for example, in the implant implantation process, the space reserved at the tooth lacking part due to the limitation of teeth at two sides is very narrow, and the implant can not be implanted by using a retention implant torque wrench or a socket wrench for a machine, so that an auxiliary embedded screwdriver tool can be inserted into the socket 11 to operate by using the tool torque principle of the torque wrench, and a dental implant can be easily implanted in the narrow space, thereby avoiding damage to peripheral healthy teeth.

In the dental implant disclosed by the invention, the whole dental implant can be a one-stage dental implant which is formed by integrally forming the body part 1, the abutment 2 and the neck part 3 and is inseparable from each other, and the one-stage dental implant is integrally implanted at one time when being implanted; also can be for two-stage type dental implant, when being two-stage type dental implant, generally adopt fixed establishment such as screw to couple together between each part, no matter be one-stage type dental implant or two-stage type dental implant, the platform face design of somatic part upper end is crude, all can guide alveolar bone to extend to grow to the platform face of somatic part upper end, reduce the micro-gap of the interface of somatic part and neck, also design the less rough surface of roughness with the side surface of neck simultaneously, can guide the soft tissue to adhere to and further reduce and even eliminate the micro-gap between somatic part and the neck, thereby reach the implantation stability of reinforcing dental implant, improve the effect of operation success rate.

In conclusion, the one-section type implant provided by the invention can guide alveolar bone to extend and grow to the platform surface at the upper end of the body part, thereby reducing the micro-gap and micro-motion of the dental implant, enhancing the stability of the dental implant after implantation, improving the success rate of the operation, shortening the operation time, relieving the pain of a patient and having high market popularization value. The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dental implant comprising a body part to be implanted into an alveolar bone, an abutment for receiving an artificial denture, and a neck part connecting the body part and the abutment, wherein the side and bottom surfaces of the body part are rough surfaces, the neck part has a tapered structure which gradually decreases toward the root, and the radial dimension of the root end of the neck part is smaller than that of the upper end of the body part, so that the part of the upper end of the body part which is not occupied by the root end of the neck part forms a horizontal terrace surface, characterized in that the terrace surface is a rough surface and has a roughness of 1-20 μm; the side surface of the neck part is a rough surface, and the roughness of the side surface of the neck part is 0.1-2 microns; the body part is a cone structure gradually reduced from the root to the root, the side surface of the body part comprises a first thread part, a second thread part and a third thread part which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the thread shape of the first thread part is a sawtooth shape with a horizontal tooth tip, and the thread pitch is 0.5mm-1.0 mm; the thread shape of the second thread part is rectangular, and the thread pitch is 1.0mm-2.0 mm; the thread shape of the third thread part is a sawtooth shape with a downward tooth tip, and the thread pitch is 1.0mm-2.0 mm; the length ratio among the first threaded part, the second threaded part and the third threaded part is 1:2: 3.

2. The dental implant of claim 1, wherein the abutment is a cylindrical structure, the upper end of the neck has a radial dimension of 3mm, 3.8mm, 4.8mm or 5.8mm, the root end of the abutment has a radial dimension less than the upper end of the neck, and the difference in radial dimension is 1.5mm or 2 mm; the radial size of the upper end of the body part is 3mm, 3.8mm, 4.8mm or 5.8mm, the radial size of the root end of the neck part is smaller than that of the upper end of the body part, and the radial size difference is 0.5mm or 1 mm; the radial dimension of the root end of the body part is 2.5mm, 3.1mm, 3.9mm or 4.8 mm; the axial length of the base station is 4mm, 5mm or 6 mm; the axial length of the neck is 1mm, 2mm or 3 mm; the axial length of the body is 8mm, 10mm or 12 mm.

3. The dental implant of claim 2, wherein the upper end radial dimension of the abutment is smaller than the root end radial dimension of the abutment, so that the abutment has a frustum structure with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part, and the included angle between the side generatrix of the frustum and the central axis of the frustum is in the range of 2-4 °.

4. The dental implant of claim 3, wherein the body, the neck and the abutment have central axes that coincide.

5. The dental implant of claim 3, wherein the central axes of the body portion and the neck portion are coincident, and the abutment and the neck portion have an included angle therebetween, the included angle being 15 °, 20 ° or 25 °.

6. The dental implant of claim 1, wherein the first threaded portion, the second threaded portion and the third threaded portion are of a double-threaded design.

7. The dental implant of claim 1, wherein the body portion has a groove on a side surface thereof, the groove being provided over an entire axial length of the third threaded portion.

8. The dental implant of claim 7, wherein the groove is one or more uniformly distributed grooves, and the groove is a straight groove or a curved groove.

9. The dental implant of claim 1, wherein the abutment is a tetrahedral, pentahedral, or hexahedral cylinder.

10. The dental implant of any one of claims 1-9, wherein the abutment is provided with a socket for insertion of a screwdriver, a central axis of the socket being perpendicular to the upper surface of the body.

11. The dental implant of claim 10, wherein the socket is quadrilateral, pentagonal or hexagonal.