TW202002912A - Dental implant - Google Patents

Abstract

A dental implant is provided to solve the problems where it is difficult to shorten the period of time of treatment for the conventional dental implant and it will inevitability damage the alveolus in a certain degree. The dental implant of the invention includes an implant having a head and a tail, and an abutment integrally formed with the head of the implant. A primary tooth portion is located between the head and the tail.

Description

Dental implant

The invention relates to a bone implant, especially a dental implant.

In general, no matter whether it is aging or accidental impact and other factors that lead to tooth defects, if the missing teeth are not repaired and complexed, it will affect the occlusion and chewing function. In severe cases, the posterior teeth may even fall forward, bone atrophy, and face shape changes. Sequelae. Among the various methods of repairing tooth defects, "artificial implants" have the advantages of not harming healthy natural teeth on both sides, easy to clean, no foreign body sensation, and good aesthetics after implantation. Therefore, artificial tooth implants are used to repair tooth defects Of patients have a trend of increasing year by year.

The so-called "artificial tooth implant" refers to a dental implant made of medical-grade materials (such as titanium or ceramics), which is surgically implanted into the alveolar bone of the patient and the crown is integrated after the bone is integrated. The installation enables the patient to restore the original teeth to meet the needs of chewing and aesthetic functions. Wherein, the dental implant includes an implant and a table body, the dental implant is implanted into the alveolar bone of the patient from the implant, and is supplied by a support body provided at one end of the implant Describe the installation and positioning of the crown.

At present, clinical dental implants can be roughly divided into three categories: one-piece dental implants, two-piece dental implants and three-piece dental implants; "Implant" refers to a dental implant in which the implant and the abutment body are integrally connected, compared to a two-piece dental implant and a three-piece dental implant that must be screwed or snapped between each component The one-piece dental implant does not need to worry about the loosening or breaking of the connection between the implant and the abutment body, nor does it need to perform the second operation, which can improve the efficiency of the operation and reduce the pain of the patient. Such as U.S. Announcement No. 5961328 "Dental implant", Republic of China Announcement No. M416449 "Artificial Dental Implant", M438247 "Dental Artificial Implant Improvement", M457533 "Thread-Optimized Dental Implant", M522007 Patent cases such as "Dental Implant Structure" and I613992 "Bone Implant" all disclose dental implants belonging to the aforementioned "one-piece dental implant".

However, regardless of whether it is a one-piece dental implant, a two-piece dental implant, or a three-piece dental implant, the implants of conventional dental implants are cylinders with a predetermined geometric shape (approximately cylindrical Shape), and the circumferential surface is provided with threads, the shape of which is very different from the shape of the socket of the tooth after extraction of the affected tooth, so in the traditional implant process, most of them need to wait for several months after the extraction of the affected tooth, and wait for the bone to heal. Then re-drill and place the implant. However, many cases have shown that during this period of waiting for healing, due to the absence of occlusal load in the missing tooth area, alveolar bone resorption and soft tissue retraction are likely to occur, resulting in difficulties in implant implantation and aesthetic effects, and sometimes need to be merged. Bone powder and soft tissue repair surgery not only increase the success rate of dental implants, but also require more time and expense for patients.

In addition, for patients with better alveolar bones, there is a so-called "implantation and implantation" dental implant surgery, which is to implant the implant immediately after the affected tooth is extracted, and to supplement the bone defect with bone powder. Bone method to fill, in order to shorten the dental implant treatment. However, in the process of implant implantation, it is still necessary to use another tool to drill and destroy the original alveolar cavity before implanting the implant of the conventional dental implant, so it will still cause bone damage, which requires cooperation Regeneration membrane or bone reconstruction surgery can achieve good implant stability and coordination between hard and soft tissues.

In view of this, the conventional dental implants still need to be improved.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a dental implant whose implant system is customized according to the shape of the patient's alveolar socket, so as to satisfy the requirements of pulling out and seeding without damaging the alveolar bone Implant demand.

The following directivity or similar terms of the invention, such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper (top)", "lower (bottom)", "inner", "outer" , "Side", etc., mainly refer to the directions of the attached drawings, and each directivity or its approximate terms are only used to help explain and understand the embodiments of the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

The dental implant of the present invention includes: an implant having a head end and a tail end, and a native tooth-shaped portion between the head end and the tail end; and a table body, the table The body is integrally connected to the head end of the implant.

According to this, the dental implant of the present invention, the implant has a native tooth shape similar to the shape of the natural tooth root, which can meet the needs of immediate extraction and implantation, and makes the native tooth shape and the alveolar socket of the patient The holes are tightly closed. Therefore, when implanting the dental implant of the present invention, it is almost unnecessary to drill the alveolar bone, which can greatly reduce the damage to the alveolar bone and improve the soft and hard tissue of the alveolar and peripheral nerves that are easy to cause in the past. The problem of damage, at the same time improve the stability of the implant and alveolar bone in the early stage of dental implantation, which can effectively shorten the healing time, improve the rate of osseointegration and the integrity of the complex, and restore to the degree that the crown can be installed faster. Shorten the overall dental implant treatment and risk.

Among them, the native tooth-shaped portion is preferably printed in 3D according to a customized image file. In this way, the native tooth-shaped portion can be closely aligned with the patient's alveolar cavity, and has the effects of further shortening the healing time, improving the rate of bone integration and the integrity of the complex.

Wherein, the surface of the primary tooth-shaped portion preferably has a rough structure. In this way, the rough structure is conducive to the growth of bone cells of alveolar bone, and has the effect of improving the efficiency of initial bone integration.

The rough structure may be, for example, one or any combination of several concave holes, several ring grooves, several oblique grooves, several mesh grooves, several convex rings or rough surfaces. In this way, the structure is simple and can be easily formed, and has the effects of reducing the manufacturing cost and improving the efficiency of bone integration.

Wherein, the support body may have two opposite clamping surfaces, and at least one grinding surface may be provided on two sides of at least one clamping surface. In this way, the physician can quickly sharpen the clamping surface to an appropriate inclination according to clinical conditions without additional measurement tools, which has the effects of improving operation efficiency and shortening operation time.

Wherein, the abutment body may have two opposing clamping surfaces, and the two clamping surfaces preferably conform to the Morse taper. In this way, the force can be transmitted by the tapered frictional force, which has the effects of improving the combination stability and achieving the vacuum effect of bacteria sealing.

Wherein, the head end of the implant may have a plurality of anti-rotation ring portions arranged at intervals, and each of the anti-rotation ring portions protrudes from the circumferential surface of the implant by 0.1-0.5 mm. In this way, by aligning the anti-rotation ring portions at the cortical bone of the alveolar bone, the efficiency of osseointegration is accelerated, and after osseointegration, the dental implant can be stably supported in the alveolar bone, which is harder The position of the dental implant can effectively prevent the dental implant from sinking into the spongy bone of the alveolar bone, and has the effect of prolonging the service life of the dental implant.

Among them, the distance between any two adjacent anti-rotation ring portions is preferably 0.1 to 0.5 mm. In this way, it has better aforementioned effects and is easy to form.

Wherein, the tip of the implant can be integrally connected to the abutment body by a slanted surface, the slanted surface is located above the anti-rotation ring portions, and the diameter and width of the slanted surface extend from the adjacent anti-rotation ring portions toward the abutment body Diminishing. In this way, after the healing cap is combined with the abutment body, a transfer platform can be formed between the healing cap and the implant, which can reduce the absorption of alveolar bone and avoid the phenomenon of sinking or loosening.

1‧‧‧Implant

1a‧‧‧Head

1b‧‧‧End

11‧‧‧ Native tooth

111‧‧‧Rough structure

111a‧‧‧Concave hole

111b‧‧‧ring groove

111c‧‧‧chute

111d‧‧‧Grid slot

12‧‧‧Anti-rotation ring

13‧‧‧Bevel

2‧‧‧support body

21‧‧‧Clamping surface

22‧‧‧Marking Department

C‧‧‧Healing Cap

H‧‧‧Groove socket

θ‧‧‧ included angle

[Figure 1] A perspective structural view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[Figure 2] A partial plan view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[Figure 3] Part A-A of Figure 2 is a partially enlarged view.

[Figure 4] A schematic diagram of the operation of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[Figure 5] A schematic diagram of the operation of combining the healing cap with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[Figure 6] A perspective structural view of an embodiment of the present invention provided with a ring groove.

[Figure 7] A perspective structural view of an embodiment of the present invention provided with a chute.

[Figure 8] A perspective structural view of an embodiment of the present invention provided with a grid groove.

In order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the attached drawings, which are described in detail as follows: Please refer to FIG. A preferred embodiment of the dental implant of the present invention generally includes an implant 1 and a table body 2 that are integrally connected; in the course of dental implant treatment, the implant 1 is used for implantation The alveolar bone of the patient, the abutment body 2 is used for assembling and positioning a crown (not shown).

The implant 1 has a head end 1a and a tail end 1b, the head end 1a is connected to the abutment body 2, and the tail end 1b is the portion where the implant 1 is first implanted into the alveolar bone. The implant 1 has a native tooth-shaped portion 11 located between the head end 1a and the tail end 1b. The native tooth-shaped portion 11 has a shape similar to that of a natural tooth root and is not provided with threads; in this embodiment, optional Through the computer tomography, the tooth root shape of the affected tooth is obtained from each patient, and then the model image file required by the 3D printing machine is created according to the tooth root shape, and the native tooth shape portion 11 is formed by the 3D printing technology. The original tooth-shaped portion 11 of each dental implant can highly conform to the shape of the tooth socket left after the extraction of each affected tooth through this customized technology.

The surface of the primary tooth-shaped portion 11 preferably has a rough structure 111 to facilitate the growth of bone cells of the alveolar bone and improve the efficiency of initial bone integration. For example, but not limited to, the rough structure 111 may be a plurality of concave holes 111a, a plurality of ring grooves 111b (please refer to FIG. 6), a plurality of inclined grooves 111c (please refer to FIG. 7), and a plurality of grid grooves One or any combination of 111d (please refer to Figure 8), several convex rings or rough surfaces. When the rough structure 111 is a plurality of ring grooves 111b shown in FIG. 6, the distance between the ring grooves 111b adjacent to the head 1a of the implant 1 may be selected to be smaller, and the tail end of the implant 1 may be smaller. The distance between the several ring grooves 111b of 1b is relatively large, and the denser ring grooves 111b of the head 1a of the implant 1 can increase the contact area and supporting capacity with the cortical bone, improve the stability of the initial implantation, and reduce Shaking after implantation.

In addition, the above-mentioned various rough structures 111 may be arranged regularly or irregularly; for example, please refer to FIG. 1 again, each of the concave holes 111a may be a hole of equal or non-equivalent diameter, and each of the concave holes 111a may be round For the hole, polygonal hole or any hole type, the openings of the concave holes 111a on the surface of the primary tooth-shaped portion 11 may be the same or different, and is not limited to the type disclosed in the drawings.

In addition, referring to FIGS. 1 and 3, the head end 1a of the implant 1 may have a plurality of anti-rotation ring portions 12 arranged at intervals, and each of the anti-rotation ring portions 12 protrudes more than the circumferential surface of the implant 1 0.1~0.5mm, and the distance between any two adjacent anti-rotation ring portions 12 is about 0.1~0.5mm. In addition, the head end 1a of the implant 1 can be integrally connected to the abutment body 2 by a beveled surface 13, the beveled surface 13 is located above the anti-rotation ring portions 12, and the diameter and width of the beveled surface 13 can be determined by adjacent to the The ring portion 12 decreases toward the abutment body 2.

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the abutment body 2 has two opposing clamping surfaces 21, and the two clamping surfaces 21 preferably conform to the Morse Taper; that is, each of the clamping surfaces 21 and a lead The angle θ of the hammer surface is preferably 6 to 18 degrees. In addition, at least one of the at least one clamping surface 21 may be provided with at least one grinding mark portion 22 on each side, and each grinding mark portion 22 may be concave, flat or convex on any surface of the support body 2 The structure may be, for example, a long groove provided on the surface of the support body 2, a notch scored on the surface of the support body 2, a plurality of recesses arranged in a row and provided on the surface of the support body 2 , A mark printed on the surface of the support body 2, a label adhered to the surface of the support body 2, a convex strip bonded to the surface of the support body 2, or arranged in a row and bonded to the support body Several bumps on the surface of the body 2 and so on.

Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5, according to the foregoing structure, in the dental implant operation using the dental implant of the present invention, since the native tooth-shaped portion 11 of the implant 1 is highly consistent with the tooth groove left after extraction of the affected tooth The shape of the socket H, so that the original tooth shape 11 of the implant 1 of the dental implant can be inserted into the socket H of the tooth socket immediately after extraction of the affected tooth; another healing cap C is combined with the dental implant The abutment body 2 is used for temporary fixation during osseointegration to reduce the swaying of the dental implant caused by occlusion, and the healing cap C disperses stress and reduces stress shielding (Stress Shielding) phenomenon.

It is worth noting that, please refer to FIGS. 3 and 5, because the implant 1 of this embodiment is provided with the plurality of anti-rotation ring portions 12, and the native tooth-shaped portion 11 of the implant 1 is inserted into the alveolar cavity H Afterwards, the anti-rotation ring portions 12 can be positioned at the cortical bone of the alveolar bone. Therefore, during osseointegration, due to the non-helical shape of the anti-rotation ring portions 12, there will be no force and the condition of reverse suspension can accelerate the efficiency of osseointegration; after osseointegration, the anti-rotation rings The portion 12 can be firmly connected to the cortical bone of the alveolar bone, so that the dental implant can be firmly supported on the harder part of the alveolar bone, so even if each anti-rotation ring portion 12 is only slightly convex The circumferential surface of the implant 1 can also effectively prevent the dental implant from sinking into the spongy bone of the alveolar bone, so as to prolong the service life of the dental implant.

Also, referring to FIGS. 2 and 5, since the implant 1 of this embodiment is provided with the inclined surface 13, after the healing cap C is combined with the abutment body 2 of the dental implant, the healing cap C and the implant A platform can be formed between the tip 1a of the 1 (Platform Switching), so that the infiltration of the abutment tooth inflammatory cells at the junction of the implant 1 and the abutment body 2 is limited to the inclined surface 13 of the implant 1 In order to reduce the alveolar bone absorption, avoid the phenomenon of bone sinking or loosening of the healing cap C.

In addition, since the two clamping surfaces 21 of the abutment body 2 of this embodiment conform to the Morse taper, when the healing cap C is assembled (or when the crown is finally installed), the friction force of the taper can be transmitted Applying force can not only improve the stability of the combination, but also achieve the effect of bacteria sealing vacuum. The abutment body 2 of this embodiment can be further provided with the grinding mark portion 22, so that the doctor can quickly grind the clamping surface 21 of the abutment body 2 according to clinical conditions without additional measurement tools. Appropriate inclination can help improve the operation efficiency and shorten the operation time.

In summary, the dental implant of the present invention has a native tooth shape similar to the shape of a natural tooth root, which can meet the needs of extraction and implantation, and makes the native tooth shape and the patient's teeth The height of the socket is close. Therefore, when implanting the dental implant of the present invention, it is almost unnecessary to drill the alveolar bone, which can greatly reduce the damage to the alveolar bone and improve the soft and hard tissue of the alveolar and peripheral nerves that are easy to cause in the past. The problem of damage, at the same time improve the stability of the implant and alveolar bone in the early stage of dental implantation, which can effectively shorten the healing time, improve the rate of osseointegration and the integrity of the complex, and restore to the degree that the crown can be installed faster. Shorten the overall dental implant treatment and risk.

Although the present invention has been disclosed using the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone who is familiar with this art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention still makes various changes and modifications to the above-mentioned embodiments. The technical scope of the invention is protected, so the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope defined in the appended patent application.

1‧‧‧Implant

1a‧‧‧Head

1b‧‧‧End

11‧‧‧ Native tooth

111‧‧‧Rough structure

111a‧‧‧Concave hole

12‧‧‧Anti-rotation ring

13‧‧‧Bevel

2‧‧‧support body

21‧‧‧Clamping surface

22‧‧‧Marking Department

Claims (9)

A dental implant includes: an implant having a head end and a tail end, and a native tooth-shaped portion between the head end and the tail end; and a table body, which is integrated Connect to the head of the implant. The dental implant as described in item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the native tooth-shaped part is 3D printed according to a customized drawing. The dental implant as described in item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the surface of the primary tooth-shaped portion has a rough structure. The dental implant as described in item 3 of the patent application, wherein the rough structure is a plurality of concave holes, a number of ring grooves, a number of inclined grooves, a number of grid grooves, a number of convex rings or rough surfaces One or any combination. The dental implant as described in item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the abutment body has two opposing clamping surfaces, and at least one grinding surface is provided on both sides of at least one clamping surface. The dental implant as described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the abutment body has two opposing clamping surfaces, and the two clamping surfaces conform to the Morse taper. The dental implant according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the head end of the implant has a plurality of anti-rotation ring portions, and each anti-rotation ring portion is smaller than the implant The peripheral surface of the ring protrudes by 0.1~0.5mm. The dental implant as described in item 7 of the patent application scope, wherein the distance between any two adjacent anti-rotation ring portions is 0.1 to 0.5 mm. The dental implant as described in item 7 of the patent application scope, wherein the tip of the implant is integrally connected to the abutment body by a slope, the slope is located above the anti-rotation ring portions, and the diameter of the slope is wide It decreases toward the abutment body from the adjacent anti-rotation ring parts.

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