CN110542116A - Heat preservation structure in high temperature section of shell and tube air heater - Google Patents
Heat preservation structure in high temperature section of shell and tube air heater Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110542116A CN110542116A CN201910800220.5A CN201910800220A CN110542116A CN 110542116 A CN110542116 A CN 110542116A CN 201910800220 A CN201910800220 A CN 201910800220A CN 110542116 A CN110542116 A CN 110542116A
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- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- lining
- welded
- cylinder body
- heat insulation
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 chemical engineering Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2270/00—Thermal insulation; Thermal decoupling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an internal heat insulation structure of a high-temperature section of a tubular air preheater, which is an internal heat insulation structure for preventing high-temperature air from burning through and damaging a device cylinder and ensuring that the strength of a cylinder material under a high-temperature condition is within an allowable range, and comprises a cylinder body (1), an inner lining cylinder (2), anchoring nails (3), a pressing strip (4), ceramic fiber folding blocks (5) and reinforcing ribs (6). The anchoring nails (3) welded on the cylinder body (1) and the reinforcing ribs (6) form a fixed frame together; the ceramic fiber folding block (5) arranged in the frame forms a protective layer which is not influenced by high-temperature air to the cylinder body (1); the lining cylinders (2) and the pressing strips (4) which are connected in an overlapped mode form protection for the heat-insulating layer of the ceramic fiber folding block (5). The heat insulation structure is also suitable for other structures similar to the heat insulation layer under the working condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tube array type high-temperature air preheater, wherein a high-temperature air outlet is arranged at the lower part of equipment, in order to ensure the strength of a high-temperature section of the air preheater (APH for short), a method of lining a heat insulation layer is adopted to prevent the strength of a lower shell from being lower than the allowable stress value of a material and damage caused by expansion deformation, and the heat insulation structure is a tube array type air preheater high-temperature section internal heat insulation structure which is used for lining the heat insulation layer at the high-temperature section to prevent high-temperature air from burning-through damage to a tube body and ensure the strength of the tube body material under the high-temperature condition to be within the allowable range.
Background
for many years, the tubular high-temperature air preheater is widely applied to the fields of carbon black, chemical engineering, chemical fertilizers and the like, mainly uses tail gas generated in the reaction process for heating air, obtains high-temperature air, and then returns to a reaction furnace to participate in reaction and combustion supporting, thereby achieving the purposes of energy conservation and environmental protection. Tubular APH heating air is generally prepared according to the temperature of tail gas generated by a reaction furnace and varies from 400 ℃ to 950 ℃. In general, a single-layer shell is adopted for APH below 650 ℃, and the strength and yield strength of the lower high-temperature section are in allowable stress ranges by adopting a high-temperature resistant stainless steel material. For APH at 700-800 deg.C, a double-shell structure is adopted, and the lower high-temperature section is made of double-layer high-temperature resistant material with a certain gap, so that its material grade is raised, and its purpose is to raise the strength of high-temperature section. For the APH with the ultrahigh temperature of 850-950 ℃, almost no metal material can bear the high temperature, so the heat insulation material lined in the cylinder body is adopted to block the heat influence of high-temperature air on the shell body, and the cylinder body reaches the allowable stress range of the material at the use temperature.
The structure of the lining heat-insulating layer of the APH high-temperature section is that the ceramic fiber board is fixed on the inner side of the cylinder body by the anchoring nails, and then the ceramic fiber board is protected by the lining cylinder, so that high-temperature air is prevented from directly blowing the ceramic fiber board. Under operating condition, lining section of thick bamboo produces the thermal expansion extension than the barrel under high temperature, the thermal expansion volume can't obtain the release, can only keep unanimous with outer barrel extension with distortion or indent deformation mode, its intensity is less than allowable stress far away under the high temperature condition, just damaged very fast under the effect of thermal stress, high temperature air directly blows off ceramic fiber board and gets into the reacting furnace from the air outlet, form impurity in sneaking the reaction mass, cause serious nonconforming for product quality, and APH high temperature section loses the heat preservation very fast, just burn through, bring very big potential safety hazard to site operation personnel and equipment. The traditional shell and tube high-temperature APH working principle is as follows: reaction tail gas with the temperature of over 1000 ℃ enters an APH tube pass from the bottom, is subjected to heat exchange with cold air, is reduced in temperature and then is discharged from the upper part of the tube bundle to the next device; cold air enters an APH shell pass from the upper part, is guided by the baffle plate and is fully heat-exchanged with the tube bundle, then is changed into hot air, returns to the reaction furnace from the air outlet at the lower part for combustion supporting and participates in the reaction, and is characterized in that: the shell lining heat-insulating layer of the shell at the shell high-temperature section of the shell is a ceramic fiber plate, and the lining cylinder protective heat-insulating layer contacts high-temperature air, so that the requirement of reducing the temperature of the outer cylinder body and ensuring that the strength of the outer cylinder body does not exceed the allowable stress of materials is met.
The disadvantages are that:
the inner cylinder body is in direct contact with high-temperature air, the strength is basically not high, the temperature of the outer cylinder body is far lower than that of the inner cylinder body due to the protection of the heat-insulating layer, the thermal expansion difference generated by the inner cylinder body and the outer cylinder body is large, and the strength of the inner cylinder body is far lower than that of the outer cylinder body, so that the inner cylinder body cannot release internal stress to deform and is damaged quickly;
Secondly, the ceramic fiber board is mainly compressed manually during installation, the installation density cannot be guaranteed to be uniform and consistent and cannot meet the installation requirement, and once the protective layer of the lining cylinder is damaged, the ceramic fiber board is easily blown away by hot air;
After the inner cylinder is damaged, high-temperature air with certain pressure is directly blown to the heat-insulating layer, the ceramic fiber plate is quickly blown away to expose the outer cylinder, the strength of the outer cylinder is lower than an allowable stress value, the outer cylinder is burnt through in a short time, and the outer cylinder is very dangerous to field operators and equipment;
Fourthly, after the outer cylinder is damaged, the equipment is basically in a scrapped state, and the equipment cannot be maintained on site and only can return to a manufacturing plant for maintenance and replacement of the damaged cylinder;
and fifthly, the APH high-temperature section cylinder body is made of expensive stainless steel materials, so that the normal operation of the production line is seriously influenced while the repair cost is high and the period is long.
therefore, it is necessary to develop an internal thermal insulation structure of the high-temperature section of the tubular air preheater, which effectively protects the strength of the outer cylinder from being affected by high temperature and prolongs the service life of the APH.
Disclosure of Invention
the invention aims to overcome the defects of the high-temperature APH high-temperature section heat insulation structure, and provides a tubular air preheater high-temperature section heat insulation structure which effectively solves the problems that an APH high-temperature section heat insulation layer is damaged in a short period, short in service life, incapable of being maintained on site and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a heat preservation structure in shell and tube air heater high temperature section includes: barrel, interior bushing, anchor nail, layering, ceramic fibre folding block, strengthening rib, its characterized in that: the anchoring nail is welded in the cylinder body, and the reinforcing rib is welded on the anchoring nail to form a frame for fixing the ceramic fiber folding block; the upper part of the sectional type lining cylinder is provided with a round hole, the lower part of the sectional type lining cylinder is provided with a long hole, and only the uppermost lining cylinder is not provided with a round hole and is welded with the single-layer cylinder body at the upper part of the conical section to be used as a fixed end of all the lining cylinders below; the upper round hole of each section of lining cylinder is aligned with and overlapped with the long hole of the lower section of lining cylinder; the upper and lower lining cylinders are penetrated together by a pressing bar welded with a small cylinder and welded with the innermost lining cylinder to form a stress-free lining cylinder structure capable of moving up and down; the structure realizes that the inner lining cylinder is not limited by the expansion difference between the inner lining cylinder and the outer cylinder body, and can automatically eliminate the stress caused by the expansion difference.
The heat-insulating material adopts the ceramic fiber folding block, so that the density and the strength of the heat-insulating material are increased, and the heat-insulating material cannot be blown away if the lining cylinder is damaged.
The ceramic fiber folding block adopted by the invention is convenient and quick to install and replace, has excellent heat preservation performance, and effectively protects the cylinder body from being influenced by high temperature.
The lining cylinder adopts a segmented overlapped structure, is not influenced by the internal and external thermal expansion of the cylinder body at a high temperature section, and eliminates the stress generated by expansion difference.
The invention has long service life, does not have the shutdown phenomenon of the production line caused by the damage of the heat-insulating layer, prolongs the maintenance period and reduces the production and operation cost.
The invention relates to a design key point of a heat insulation structure in a high-temperature section of a tube array type air preheater, which is as follows:
1. The heat insulation material adopts the ceramic fiber folding block to replace the original ceramic fiber board, the folding block is pressed and formed by a machine in a heat insulation material factory, the density is high, the strength is high, the looseness is not easy to occur, the pressure of high-temperature air can be borne, and the installation is also convenient;
2. The lining cylinder adopts a segmented overlapped structure, can freely stretch and retract, does not generate thermal stress caused by thermal expansion, and thoroughly eliminates the damage caused by deformation;
3. The folding block is positioned and fixed by the anchoring nails and the reinforcing ribs, so that the installation is convenient, and the local replacement can be carried out according to the use condition of the heat-insulating layer during maintenance;
4. The installation route of the heat insulation structure is as follows:
High-temperature section-barrel-anchoring nail-reinforcing rib-ceramic fiber folding block-lining barrel-pressing strip
The invention has the advantages that:
firstly, the serious accidents caused by the fact that the lining cylinder is easy to damage and blow away heat insulation materials at the high-temperature section of the APH, hot air is mixed into ceramic fibers, and no protective layer is arranged on the cylinder body are solved;
secondly, the ceramic fiber folding block is adopted to replace a ceramic fiber board, and the manufacturing is directly finished in a heat insulation material factory, an APH manufacturing factory is directly installed, the heat insulation layer is uniform and consistent in thickness, large in density, high in strength, strong in hot air pressure bearing capacity, simple to install and convenient to replace;
Thirdly, a segmented overlapped stress-free lining barrel structure is adopted, so that the lining barrel and the barrel are not affected by stress generated by expansion difference, and an effective protection effect is achieved on the heat-insulating layer;
Fourthly, the folding block heat-insulating layer effectively blocks the damage of high-temperature air to the equipment barrel, the temperature conducted to the barrel is far lower than that of the original ceramic fiber board heat-insulating layer, and the service life of the air preheater is greatly prolonged.
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of FIG. 1 of the present invention
the labels in the figure are: 1-cylinder body, 2-lining cylinder, 3-anchoring nail, 4-pressing strip, 5-ceramic fiber folding block and 6-reinforcing rib
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view comparing the prior art
The labels in the figure are: 1-cylinder, 2-lining cylinder, 3-anchoring nail and 4-ceramic fiber board
Detailed Description
A heat preservation structure in shell and tube air heater high temperature section includes: the device comprises a barrel body 1, a lining barrel 2, anchoring nails 3, a pressing strip 4, a ceramic fiber folding block 5 and reinforcing ribs 6.
The anchoring nails 3 are welded in the cylinder 1 according to the arrangement mode of the drawing; the reinforcing ribs 6 are welded on the anchoring nails 3 to form a fixed frame, and then the ceramic fiber folding blocks 5 are installed; the first lining cylinder 2 on the upper surface is welded with the single-layer cylinder body on the upper part of the conical section of the APH high-temperature section shell to be used as a fixed end of a plurality of lining cylinders 2 on the lower surface; aligning the round holes of all the lining cylinders 2 with the long holes of the previous lining cylinder 2 according to the drawing; the lining barrel 2 is penetrated by a cylinder on the pressing strip 4 to form a structure which is integrally overlapped together;
The heat insulation structure effectively solves the problems that the heat insulation effect of the heat insulation structure in the high-temperature section of the air preheater is poor, the inner cylinder is easy to deform and damage, the outer cylinder is over high in temperature, the strength is lower than the allowable stress of a material and burns through, the hot air is mixed with heat insulation fibers, and the like.
The reinforcing ribs 6, the anchoring nails 3 and the cylinder body 1 are welded together to form a fixed frame for mounting the ceramic fiber folding block 5. The overlapped lining cylinders 2 and the pressing strips 4 form an inner protection structure of the heat insulation material. The lining cylinder 2 is welded with the single-layer shell on the upper part of the conical section of the high-temperature section shell to form a fixed end of the lining cylinder 2.
when the anchor nails are installed, the anchor nails 3 are welded on the inner side of the cylinder 1 according to the distribution of the drawing; secondly, arranging the reinforcing ribs 6 according to the drawing and welding the reinforcing ribs and the anchoring nails 3 together; the ceramic fiber folding block 5 is arranged in the fixed frame according to the drawing; welding the uppermost lining cylinder 2 on the single-layer shell on the conical section; penetrating all the lining cylinders 2 together by using a pressing strip 4; the installation process is simple and convenient.
Claims (4)
1. a heat preservation structure in shell and tube air heater high temperature section includes: barrel (1), interior bushing (2), anchor nail (3), layering (4), ceramic fibre folding block (5), strengthening rib (6), its characterized in that: the anchoring nails (3) are welded in the cylinder body (1), and the reinforcing ribs (6) are welded on the anchoring nails (3) to form a frame for fixing the ceramic fiber folding blocks (5); the uppermost lining cylinder (2) is welded with the single-layer cylinder body at the upper part of the conical section and is used as a fixed end of all the lining cylinders (2) below; except the topmost lining cylinder (2) without round holes, the upper ends of the lining cylinders are all provided with round holes, the lower ends of the lining cylinders are all provided with long holes, and the round holes are aligned with the long holes and are overlapped with the long holes; the upper lining cylinder and the lower lining cylinder (2) are penetrated together by a pressing strip (4) welded with a small cylinder and are welded with the lining cylinder (2) provided with a round hole to form an integral lining cylinder (2) structure which can move up and down; ensures that the liner cylinder (2) and the cylinder body (1) are not limited after expansion.
2. the internal heat insulation structure of the high-temperature section of the shell and tube air preheater according to claim 1, wherein: the anchoring nails (3) welded on the cylinder body (1) are welded with the reinforcing ribs (6) together to form a frame for fixing the ceramic fiber folding block (5).
3. the internal heat insulation structure of the high-temperature section of the shell and tube air preheater according to claim 1, wherein: the high-temperature section heat-insulating layer adopts the ceramic fiber folding block (5), so that the strength and the density of the heat-insulating material are improved, the heat-insulating material is not easy to blow away, and the heat-insulating material is convenient to install and replace.
4. The internal heat insulation structure of the high-temperature section of the shell and tube air preheater according to claim 1, wherein: the inner lining cylinder (2) adopts a structure which is overlapped in sections and can move up and down, and the stress-free inner lining cylinder (2) is formed after installation, so that the thermal stress generated by different expansion caused by temperature difference between the inner lining cylinder and the outer cylinder body (1) is eliminated.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910800220.5A CN110542116A (en) | 2019-08-20 | 2019-08-20 | Heat preservation structure in high temperature section of shell and tube air heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910800220.5A CN110542116A (en) | 2019-08-20 | 2019-08-20 | Heat preservation structure in high temperature section of shell and tube air heater |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110542116A true CN110542116A (en) | 2019-12-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910800220.5A Pending CN110542116A (en) | 2019-08-20 | 2019-08-20 | Heat preservation structure in high temperature section of shell and tube air heater |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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-
2019
- 2019-08-20 CN CN201910800220.5A patent/CN110542116A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
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