CN110540882A - 一种天然气液化装置脱氮的方法 - Google Patents

一种天然气液化装置脱氮的方法 Download PDF

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CN110540882A
CN110540882A CN201910803327.5A CN201910803327A CN110540882A CN 110540882 A CN110540882 A CN 110540882A CN 201910803327 A CN201910803327 A CN 201910803327A CN 110540882 A CN110540882 A CN 110540882A
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肖丁
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Sichuan Jerry Heng Ri Natural Gas Engineering Co Ltd
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    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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    • F25J2200/40—Features relating to the provision of boil-up in the bottom of a column
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    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • F25J2200/76—Refluxing the column with condensed overhead gas being cycled in a quasi-closed loop refrigeration cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种天然气液化装置脱氮的方法，包括如下步骤：(1)天然气进入液化换热器预冷后，分为2个分支，一个分支进入脱氮塔底部，另一个分支进入液化换热器液化；(2)液化后的天然气进入脱氮塔精馏；(3)精馏后得到LNG液体，经过液化换热器过冷进入LNG储槽；(4)脱氮塔顶部的气体复热后进入第二级进口；(5)LNG储槽内的BOG气体复热后进入第一级进口；(6)LNG储槽内的BOG气体经过压缩机压缩后与进入压缩机第二级进口的气体汇合并共同进行压缩；(7)经压缩后的气体液化后，进入BOG分离器进行分离；(8)BOG分离器分离的气体复热后排空，分离的液体由压差推动进入脱氮塔顶部。有益效果：结构更加简单、造价成本更低、能源消耗更少、更加有利于环保。

Description

一种天然气液化装置脱氮的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及天然气脱氮技术领域，具体涉及一种天然气液化装置脱氮的方法。
背景技术
在LNG产业链中，LNG一般以饱和液体形态储存于绝热储罐中，因此天然气液化和LNG储存是重要的两个环节。当LNG中氮气含量过高时，容易引发LNG储罐内的翻滚事故，不同密度层的LNG在储罐内迅速上下翻动混合，瞬间产生气化现象，此时罐内LNG的气化量为平时自然蒸发量的10～50倍，将导致储罐内的气压迅速上升并超过设定的安全压力，使储罐出现超压现象。如果不及时通过安全阀排放，就可能造成储罐的机械损伤，除了带来经济上的损失及环境污染，还存在安全风险，所以脱除天然气中的氮气至关重要。
现有的天然气脱氮技术一般都是使用脱氮塔精馏脱氮，在工作过程中，需要再沸器和冷凝器配合脱氮塔使用，完成脱氮塔内部的回流，结构比较复杂，成本较高，能源消耗较大，所以亟需一种更加简单、经济、节能的脱氮方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的克服现有技术的不足，提供一种结构更加简单、造价成本更低、能源消耗更少、更加有利于环保的天然气液化装置脱氮的方法。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术措施达到的：一种天然气液化装置脱氮的方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)天然气进入液化换热器预冷后，分为2个分支，一个分支进入脱氮塔底部，另一个分支进入液化换热器液化；
(2)经过液化换热器液化并过冷的天然气经过减压进入脱氮塔中部进行精馏；
(3)精馏后，在脱氮塔底部得到LNG液体，LNG液体经过液化换热器过冷后进入LNG储槽；
(4)脱氮塔顶部的气体经过液化换热器复热后进入压缩机第二级进口；
(5)LNG储槽内的BOG气体经过液化换热器复热后进入压缩机第一级进口进行压缩；
(6)LNG储槽内的BOG气体经过压缩机第一级进口压缩后与来自脱氮塔顶部进入压缩机第二级进口的气体汇合并共同进行压缩；
(7)经压缩后的气体进入液化换热器液化后，经过减压进入BOG分离器进行分离；
(8)BOG分离器分离的气体经过液化换热器复热后排空，BOG分离器分离的液体由压差推动进入脱氮塔顶部。
进一步地，所述液化换热器由混合冷剂制冷循环提供冷量。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：与传统的天然气脱氮方法相比较，不再使用再沸器和冷凝器，使结构更加简单、造价成本更低、能源消耗更少、更加有利于环保。
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作详细说明。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
其中，1.液化换热器，2.脱氮塔，3.BOG分离器，4.压缩机，5.压力控制阀，6.液位控制阀，7.LNG储槽，8第一级进口，9.第二级进口。
具体实施方式
实施例，如图1所示，一种天然气液化装置脱氮的方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)天然气进入液化换热器1预冷后，分为2个分支，一个分支进入脱氮塔2底部，作为脱氮塔2的气体回流，另一个分支进入液化换热器1液化；
(2)经过液化换热器1液化并过冷的天然气经过减压进入脱氮塔2中部进行精馏；
(3)精馏后，在脱氮塔2底部得到LNG液体，LNG液体经过液化换热器1过冷后进入LNG储槽7；
(4)脱氮塔2顶部的气体经过液化换热器1复热后进入压缩机4第二级进口9；
(5)LNG储槽7内的BOG气体经过液化换热器1复热后进入压缩机4第一级进口8进行压缩；
(6)LNG储槽7内的BOG气体经过压缩机4第一级进口8压缩后与来自脱氮塔2顶部进入压缩机4第二级进口9的气体汇合并共同进行压缩；
(7)经压缩后的气体进入液化换热器1液化后，经过减压进入BOG分离器3进行气液分离；
(8)BOG分离器3分离的气体经过液化换热器1复热后排空，BOG分离器3分离的液体由压差推动进入脱氮塔2的顶部，作为脱氮塔2的液体回流。与传统的天然气脱氮方法相比较，不再使用再沸器和冷凝器配合脱氮塔2，而是通过BOG分离器3配合脱氮塔2使用，达到脱氮的目的，结构更加简单、造价成本更低、能源消耗更少、更加有利于环保。
所述液化换热器1由混合制冷剂制冷循环提供冷量，混合制冷剂是混合物，其吸热沸腾过程是个变温过程，这使得液化换热器1中热流和冷流之间的传热温差始终较低，因此液化换热器1的工作效率较高。
工作流程：天然气从S1管道进入液化换热器1，经过液化换热器1预冷后，小部分经S2管道进入脱氮塔2底部，另外大部分经S3管道进入液化换热器1液化并过冷后，由S4管道经过压力控制阀5减压进入脱氮塔2中部进行精馏(一次脱氮)，在脱氮塔2精馏后，从脱氮塔2底部得到LNG液体，经S11管道进入液化换热器1，过冷后经S8管道输送至LNG储槽7内。脱氮塔2顶部的气体(氮气和甲烷的混合物)经S5管道进入液化换热器1复热后，又经S13管道进入压缩机4第二级进口9，来自LNG储槽7的BOG气体经S9管道进入液化换热器1，经过液化换热器1复热后经S10管道进入压缩机4第一级进口8进行压缩后，又经S16管道进入压缩机4第二级进口9，与上述进入压缩机4第二级进口9的脱氮塔2顶部的气体汇合并共同进行压缩，压缩后经S12管道进入液化换热器1部分液化后，由S6管道经过压力控制阀5减压进入BOG分离器3进行气液分离(二次脱氮)，BOG分离器3分离的气体(主要成分为氮气)经过S7管道进入液化换热器1复热后再经S14管道放空，BOG分离器3分离的液体经S15管道在液位控制阀6的作用下由压差推动进入脱氮塔2顶部回流。
本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (2)

1.一种天然气液化装置脱氮的方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
(1)天然气进入液化换热器预冷后，分为2个分支，一个分支进入脱氮塔底部，另一个分支进入液化换热器液化；
(2)经过液化换热器液化并过冷的天然气经过减压进入脱氮塔中部进行精馏；
(3)精馏后，在脱氮塔底部得到LNG液体，LNG液体经过液化换热器过冷后进入LNG储槽；
(4)脱氮塔顶部的气体经过液化换热器复热后进入压缩机第二级进口；(5)LNG储槽内的BOG气体经过液化换热器复热后进入压缩机第一级进口进行压缩；
(6)LNG储槽内的BOG气体经过压缩机第一级进口压缩后与来自脱氮塔顶部进入压缩机第二级进口的气体汇合并共同进行压缩；
(7)经压缩后的气体进入液化换热器液化后，经过减压进入BOG分离器进行分离；
(8)BOG分离器分离的气体经过液化换热器复热后排空，BOG分离器分离的液体由压差推动进入脱氮塔顶部。
2.根据权利要求1所述的天然气液化装置脱氮的方法，其特征在于：所述液化换热器由混合冷剂制冷循环提供冷量。
CN201910803327.5A 2019-08-28 2019-08-28 一种天然气液化装置脱氮的方法 Pending CN110540882A (zh)

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Application publication date: 20191206