CN110534332A - Sintered magnet preparation method and its pressure forming machine - Google Patents

Sintered magnet preparation method and its pressure forming machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110534332A
CN110534332A CN201910929739.3A CN201910929739A CN110534332A CN 110534332 A CN110534332 A CN 110534332A CN 201910929739 A CN201910929739 A CN 201910929739A CN 110534332 A CN110534332 A CN 110534332A
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China
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rubber pattern
magnetic powder
pressure
pressure chamber
rubber
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CN201910929739.3A
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CN110534332B (en
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董永安
郑方
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Jiangxi Kaiyuan Automation Equipment Co Ltd
Taiyuan Kaiyuan Intelligent Equipment Co Ltd
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Jiangxi Kaiyuan Automation Equipment Co Ltd
Taiyuan Kaiyuan Intelligent Equipment Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/0253Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/0253Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
    • H01F41/0266Moulding; Pressing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Cores, Coils, And Magnets (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to the preparation method of sintered magnet and its equipment, specially sintered magnet preparation method and its compression molding device.The prior art is solved due to the problems such as unreasonable brought magnetic property of pressure mode is undesirable and shape of product is irregular, and the rubber mold service life is short.Sintered magnet preparation method is realized by following steps, 1) magnetic powder is filled into rubber pattern, and magnetic powder is made to reach certain density in rubber pattern;2) magnetic field is applied to rubber pattern, is orientated the magnetic powder in rubber pattern;3) quasi-iso static pressing is applied to rubber pattern: in course of exerting pressure, magnetic powder in rubber pattern is not pressed actively in alignment magnetic field direction and the length in alignment magnetic field direction remains unchanged, other surfaces outside the both ends of the surface in alignment magnetic field direction are obtained magnetic powder green compact by equal static pressure;4) sintering magnetic powder green compact obtains sintered magnet.The method of the invention is more suitable for the magnet of rotary body shape, as cylinder, ball, annulus class magnet.

Description

Sintered magnet preparation method and its pressure forming machine
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of sintered magnet and its equipment, specially sintered magnet preparation method and its pressure at Type equipment.
Background technique
The pressing under magnetic field of current main-stream is two one-step forming methods, and first pressing under magnetic field carries out equal static pressure again, it is difficult to realize automation. The Chinese patent application of CN91107588.7 discloses " method and apparatus of manufacture permanent magnet ".Its method is by magnetic powder with certain Density is filled into rubber pattern, is pressed to rubber pattern and its interior magnetic powder, and completes the pressure forming of magnetic powder, obtains magnetic powder pressure Base obtains permanent magnet after the sintering of magnetic powder green compact.Since pressure mode is unreasonable, the magnetic property of gained permanent magnet needs to be mentioned this method It is high.Simultaneously as it is that shape of product is irregular that his pressure forming, which fully relies on the problem of rubber pattern is deformed, brought, product is suitable Layering, rubber mold service life are short.So that this quadrat method is not applied over 20 years.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves the above-mentioned prior art since the unreasonable brought gained permanent magnetism ferromagnetic property of pressure mode is paid no attention to Think and the problems such as shape of product is irregular, and the rubber mold service life is short, provide a kind of sintered magnet preparation method and its pressure at Type equipment.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: sintered magnet preparation method, is realized by following steps, 1) Magnetic powder is filled into rubber pattern, and magnetic powder is made to reach certain density in rubber pattern;2) magnetic field is applied to rubber pattern, makes rubber Magnetic powder orientation in mould;3) apply quasi-iso static pressing to rubber pattern: in course of exerting pressure, the magnetic powder in rubber pattern is in alignment magnetic field direction It is not pressed actively and the length in alignment magnetic field direction remains unchanged, other surfaces outside the both ends of the surface in alignment magnetic field direction By equal static pressure, and obtain magnetic powder green compact;4) sintering magnetic powder green compact obtains sintered magnet.
The prior art to magnetic powder carry out pressure forming when, using etc. static pressure, magnetic powder respectively to be pressurized it is identical;But it facts have proved: It is suppressed being parallel to alignment magnetic field direction, will affect the magnetic powder degree of orientation, and then influence the performance of magnet.The present invention is quiet using standard etc. Pressure is only pressurizeed on circumferential direction (other surfaces outside the both ends of the surface in alignment magnetic field direction), axial (alignment magnetic field direction) not actively Pressurization, but passive compression, and size constancy is kept in alignment magnetic field direction, in this way, magnetic field orientating degree is high, gained magnet performance It is significantly improved;And gained magnet shape is good.Compared with the above-mentioned prior art, magnet made from the method for the invention is remained Magnetic improves 1.5-2.5%.According to the deformation characteristic of rubber membrane, the method for the invention is more suitable for the magnet of rotary body shape, such as circle Column, ball, annulus class magnet.
Sintered magnet compression molding device, including rubber pattern, alignment magnetic field device and press;Press includes stirrup frame, There is support platform on stirrup frame, dry bag formula high-pressure chamber is supported by support platform, i.e., is equipped in high-pressure chamber to incite somebody to action The dry bag that pressure medium and workpiece are mutually separated, high-pressure chamber are connected with pressure medium supercharging device, dry bag formula high-pressure chamber top Equipped with lid, there is plug in lid lower surface, and rubber pattern is placed in dry bag formula high-pressure chamber and after covering lid, lid lower surface Plug protrudes into rubber pattern die cavity, and plug following table and contacted with the magnetic powder upper surface in rubber pattern die cavity, when pressurization, lid it is upper The following table face contact of the upper beam of surface and stirrup frame, the lower surface of dry bag formula high-pressure chamber and the upper surface of support platform connect Touching, in this way, make cover lid after high-pressure chamber be limited in stirrup frame upper beam lower surface and support platform upper table Between face.When work, pressure medium supercharging device is pressurized the intracorporal pressure medium of dry bag formula high pressure chest, the pressure of pressure medium It is transferred to the magnetic powder in rubber pattern die cavity through dry bag and rubber pattern, to static pressure such as magnetic powder surrounding applications;In pressure process, rubber pattern Magnetic powder compressive deformation in die cavity, but since the high-pressure chamber after capping lid is limited in the following table of the upper beam of stirrup frame Between face and the upper surface of support platform, the magnetic powder height (size in alignment magnetic field direction) in rubber pattern die cavity is remained unchanged. The press is substantially the improvement of conventionally known dry bag formula isostatic pressing machine.Dry bag formula isostatic pressing machine includes high-pressure chamber, high It presses in cavity and is equipped with dry bag (also referred to as diaphragm of rubber), pressure medium and workpiece to be mutually separated;Dry bag formula isostatic pressing machine also wraps Pressurized cylinder and lower pressurized cylinder are included, to the upper and lower surfaces pressure to the intracorporal workpiece of high pressure chest, makes the upper and lower surfaces of workpiece Institute's stress is identical as the pressure that pressure medium is applied to workpiece remaining surface through dry bag, and the static pressure such as realization.It is of the present invention to set For on the basis of existing dry bag formula isostatic pressing machine, upper and lower pressurized cylinder is eliminated, makes the magnetic powder in rubber pattern die cavity in upper and lower To not pressed actively, and it is only passive be pressurized, meet the requirement of process conditions.Device structure design is reasonable, novel, only It is special.The rubber mold service life is long.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of sintered magnet pressure forming machine of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 left view;
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is another structural schematic diagram of sintered magnet pressure forming machine of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the first station of sintered magnet pressure forming machine schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is sintered magnet pressure forming machine second station schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is sintered magnet pressure forming machine 3rd station schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the 4th station schematic diagram of sintered magnet pressure forming machine of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of the rubber pattern configured with pressing plate;
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram under the rubber pattern working condition configured with pressing plate.
In figure: 1- rubber pattern, 2- alignment magnetic field device, 3- rack, 4- support platform, 5- high-pressure chamber, 6- are dry Bag, 7- pressure medium supercharging device, 8- lid, 9- plug, 10- moving trolley, 11- shake table, 12- pressing plate, 13- Pressure head, 14- magnetic powder charging mechanism, 15- charging oil cylinder, 16- propping plate, 17- bottom plate.
Specific embodiment
Sintered magnet preparation method is realized by following steps, 1) magnetic powder is filled into rubber pattern, and magnetic powder is made to exist Reach certain density in rubber pattern;2) magnetic field is applied to rubber pattern, is orientated the magnetic powder in rubber pattern;3) rubber pattern is applied quasi- Equal static pressure: in course of exerting pressure, the magnetic powder in rubber pattern is not pressed actively in alignment magnetic field direction and in alignment magnetic field direction Length remain unchanged, other surfaces outside the both ends of the surface in alignment magnetic field direction are obtained magnetic powder green compact by equal static pressure;4) it is sintered Magnetic powder green compact obtains sintered magnet.
Preferable shape in order to obtain, the higher the better for packed density, but after density is more than to a certain degree, orientation be will receive Influence, through a large number of experiments, density described in step 1) be after sintering obtained by magnet density 30-45% be advisable (e.g., using 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%), at this point, having taken into account shape and the degree of orientation.When it is implemented, rubber pattern is placed on shake table, rubber pattern die cavity Internal diameter be 2.5-200mm(such as, 2.5 mm, 5 mm, 10 mm, 20 mm, 50 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm, 180 mm, 200 Mm), the magnetic powder of rubber pattern die cavity by jolt ramming and is full of rubber pattern die cavity, then, by the magnetic full of rubber pattern die cavity after jolt ramming Powder is compacted downwards 5-25mm(such as, 5 mm, 10 mm, 13 mm, 15 mm, 18 mm, 20 mm, 22 mm, 25 mm), in this way, rubber Magnetic powder density in rubber moulding is the 30-45% of gained magnet density after sintering.Alignment magnetic field is pulsed magnetic field in step 2, and Pulsed magnetic field intensity be 2.0T-5.0T(such as, using 2.0 T, 2.5 T, 3.0 T, 3.5 T, 4.0 T, 4.5 T, 5.0 T), with This obtains the higher degree of orientation.In step 3) isostatic pressure 90MPa-250MPa(such as, 90 MPa, 130 MPa, 150 MPa, 180 MPa, 200 MPa, 230 MPa, 250 MPa).
Sintered magnet pressure forming machine, including rubber pattern 1, alignment magnetic field device 2 and press;Press includes stirrup frame 3, there is support platform 4 on stirrup frame 3, dry bag formula high-pressure chamber 5 is supported by support platform 4, i.e., is equipped in high-pressure chamber 5 To the dry bag 6 for being mutually separated pressure medium and workpiece, high-pressure chamber 5 is connected with pressure medium supercharging device 7, dry bag formula high pressure Lid 8 is equipped at the top of cavity 5, there is plug 9 in 8 lower surface of lid, and rubber pattern 1 is placed in dry bag formula high-pressure chamber 5 and covers lid 8 Afterwards, the plug 9 of 8 lower surface of lid protrudes into 1 die cavity of rubber pattern, and 9 following table of plug and with the magnetic powder upper surface in 1 die cavity of rubber pattern Contact, when pressurization, the following table face contact of the upper beam of the upper surface and stirrup frame 3 of lid 8, under dry bag formula high-pressure chamber 5 Surface is contacted with the upper surface of support platform 4, in this way, the high-pressure chamber 5 after capping lid 8 is made to be limited in the upper of stirrup frame 3 Between the lower surface of crossbeam and the upper surface of support platform 4.
When it is implemented, sintered magnet pressure forming machine further includes shake table 11, rubber pattern 1 is located at vibration in charging On platform 11, rubber pattern 1 is configured with pressing plate 12, and the lower surface of pressing plate 12 is equipped with pressure head 13, and the magnetic powder in rubber pattern 1 is in shake table 11 On by after jolt ramming, pressing plate 12 is placed on rubber pattern 1 and pressure head 13 is made to protrude into 1 die cavity of rubber pattern, and pressing plate 12 pushes, until pressing plate 12 It is contacted with the upper surface of rubber pattern 1, by jolt ramming and the magnetic powder full of 1 die cavity of rubber pattern is compacted downwards by pressure head 13;Pressure head 13 Length is 5-25mm.Sintered magnet pressure forming machine is also configured with magnetic powder charging mechanism 14, and magnetic powder charging mechanism 14 is located at vibration Dynamic 11 top of platform.Alignment magnetic field device 2 can stretch up and down, stretch lower when need to be orientated and cover rubber pattern 1, complete in rubber pattern 1 Then the orientation of magnetic powder contracts on alignment magnetic field device 2, in this way, facilitating operation.
The pressure medium supercharging device 7 connecting with high-pressure chamber 5 is placed in moving trolley 10, passes through the past of moving trolley 10 Multiple movement, moves back and forth dry bag formula high-pressure chamber 5 in support platform 4, to realize dry bag formula high-pressure chamber 5 in pressure H Transformation between position and charging, unloading station, facilitates the loading, unloading material of high-pressure chamber 5;When work, first by high-pressure chamber 5 from rack Pressure H position immediately below 3 upper beams is moved to loading station, charges to high-pressure chamber 5, that is, will be filled with the rubber pattern 1 of magnetic powder It is packed into high-pressure chamber 5, then, high-pressure chamber 5 is moved into pressurization station, is moved to discharging work from pressure H position again after the completion of pressurization Position carries out discharging, i.e., rubber pattern 1 is taken out (as viewed in figures 5-8) out of high-pressure chamber 5.High-pressure chamber 5 is tied using lower charging Structure, i.e. 5 bottom of dry bag formula high-pressure chamber are open, and opening is built-in with bottom plate 17, and the piston rod end of charging oil cylinder 15 is fixed with branch Fagging 16, when charging, charging oil cylinder 15 rises the top of support plate 16 to flushing with support platform 4, and high-pressure chamber 5 is moved to support On plate 16, charging oil cylinder 15 decline drive support plate 16 and thereon 5 bottom of high-pressure chamber opening in bottom plate 17 decline together, Rubber pattern 1 is placed on bottom plate 17, charging oil cylinder 15 rises again, and rubber pattern 1 by bottom plate 17 and thereon heads into high-pressure chamber 5, high-pressure chamber 5 moves to pressurization station;When discharging, high-pressure chamber 5 is moved in support plate 16, and the charging decline of oil cylinder 15 drives branch Rubber pattern 1 on fagging 16 and bottom plate 17 thereon, bottom plate 17 declines together and exits high-pressure chamber 5.
Lid 8 is made of upper and lower two parts, and upper part is made of metal material, and lower part is made of hard rubber.Bottom plate 17 It is made of upper and lower two parts, upper part is made of hard rubber, and lower part is made of metal material.Rubber pattern 1 is in high-pressure chamber 5 It is arranged in upper and lower multilayer, between neighbouring rubber pattern 1, lid of the bottom surface of upper rubber pattern as the next rubber pattern, and Upper rubber pattern bottom surface is equipped with the plug 9 that can protrude into the next rubber pattern die cavity.In order to reduce oxidation, performance, whole equipment are improved It is sealed with outer cover, is filled with nitrogen.
When whole equipment works, rubber pattern 1 is placed on shake table 11, magnetic powder charging mechanism 14 is added into rubber pattern 1 Magnetic powder is compacted with pressing plate 12 by magnetic powder again after magnetic powder jolt ramming, reaches required density;Rubber pattern 1 is placed under alignment magnetic field device 2 Side under alignment magnetic field device 2 is stretched, completes orientation;Dry bag formula high-pressure chamber 5 moves to loading station, and rubber pattern 1 is packed into high-pressure chamber (from the loading suitable for reading of high-pressure chamber 5, or above-mentioned lower charging structure is used, be packed into from the lower mouth of high-pressure chamber 5) in 5, covered Then lid 8 moves to pressurization station;Unloading station is then moved to after the completion of pressurization, rubber pattern 1 takes out out of high-pressure chamber 5.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of sintered magnet preparation method, which is characterized in that magnetic powder be to be realized by following steps, 1) is filled into rubber pattern In, and magnetic powder is made to reach certain density in rubber pattern;2) magnetic field is applied to rubber pattern, is orientated the magnetic powder in rubber pattern;3) Quasi-iso static pressing is applied to rubber pattern: in course of exerting pressure, magnetic powder in rubber pattern do not pressed actively in alignment magnetic field direction and Length in alignment magnetic field direction remains unchanged, and other surfaces outside the both ends of the surface in alignment magnetic field direction are obtained by equal static pressure Magnetic powder green compact;4) sintering magnetic powder green compact obtains sintered magnet.
2. sintered magnet preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that density described in step 1) is after being sintered The 30-45% of gained magnet density.
3. sintered magnet preparation method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that rubber pattern is placed on shake table, rubber The internal diameter of mould die cavity is 2.5-200mm, and the magnetic powder of rubber pattern die cavity by jolt ramming and is full of rubber pattern die cavity, then, after jolt ramming The magnetic powder full of rubber pattern die cavity be compacted 5-25mm downwards, in this way, the magnetic powder density in rubber pattern be sintering after gained magnet The 30-45% of density.
4. sintered magnet preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that alignment magnetic field is pulsed magnetic in step 2 , pulsed magnetic field intensity 2.0T-5.0T;Isostatic pressure 90MPa-250MPa in step 3).
5. a kind of sintered magnet pressure forming machine, including rubber pattern (1), alignment magnetic field device (2) and press;Its feature exists In press includes stirrup frame (3), is had on stirrup frame (3) support platform (4), and it is high that dry bag formula is supported by support platform (4) It presses cavity (5), i.e., is equipped with the dry bag (6) pressure medium and workpiece to be mutually separated, high-pressure chamber in high-pressure chamber (5) (5) it is connected with pressure medium supercharging device (7), is equipped with lid (8) at the top of dry bag formula high-pressure chamber (5), lid (8) lower surface has Plug (9), rubber pattern (1) are placed in dry bag formula high-pressure chamber (5) and after covering lid (8), the plug of lid (8) lower surface (9) protrude into rubber pattern (1) die cavity, and plug (9) following table and contacted with the magnetic powder upper surface in rubber pattern (1) die cavity, when pressurization, The following table face contact of the upper beam of the upper surface and stirrup frame (3) of lid (8), the lower surface of dry bag formula high-pressure chamber (5) with The upper surface of support platform (4) contacts, in this way, the high-pressure chamber (5) after capping lid (8) is made to be limited in stirrup frame (3) Between the lower surface of upper beam and the upper surface of support platform (4).
6. sintered magnet pressure forming machine according to claim 5, which is characterized in that further include shake table (11), rubber Rubber moulding (1) is located on shake table (11) in charging, and rubber pattern (1) is configured with pressing plate (12), and the lower surface of pressing plate (12) is equipped with Pressure head (13), magnetic powder in rubber pattern (1) on shake table (11) by jolt ramming after, pressing plate (12) is placed on rubber pattern (1) and makes Pressure head (13) protrudes into rubber pattern (1) die cavity, and pressing plate (12) pushes, until pressing plate (12) are contacted with the upper surface of rubber pattern (1), quilt Jolt ramming and full of rubber pattern (1) die cavity magnetic powder by pressure head (13) downwards be compacted.
7. sintered magnet pressure forming machine according to claim 6, which is characterized in that be also configured with magnetic powder charging mechanism (14), magnetic powder charging mechanism (14) is located above shake table (11);Alignment magnetic field device (2) can stretch up and down.
8. sintered magnet pressure forming machine according to claim 7, which is characterized in that connect with high-pressure chamber (5) Pressure medium supercharging device (7) is placed on moving trolley (10), by the reciprocating motion of moving trolley (10), makes dry bag formula high pressure Cavity (5) moves back and forth on support platform (4), to realize dry bag formula high-pressure chamber (5) in pressurization station and charging, discharging Transformation between station.
9. sintered magnet pressure forming machine according to claim 8, which is characterized in that high-pressure chamber (5) uses lower dress Expect structure, i.e. dry bag formula high-pressure chamber (5) bottom is open, and opening is built-in with bottom plate (17), the tailpiece of the piston rod of charging oil cylinder (15) Portion is fixed with support plate (16), and when charging, charging oil cylinder (15) rises support plate (16) top to flushing with support platform (4), High-pressure chamber (5) is moved on support plate (16), and charging oil cylinder (15) decline drives support plate (16) and high-pressure chamber thereon (5) bottom plate (17) in the opening of bottom declines together, rubber pattern (1) is placed on bottom plate (17), in charging oil cylinder (15) again It rises, rubber pattern (1) by bottom plate (17) and thereon heads into high-pressure chamber (5), and high-pressure chamber (5) moves to pressurization station;When discharging, High-pressure chamber (5) is moved on support plate (16), charging oil cylinder (15) decline drive support plate (16) and bottom plate (17) thereon, Rubber pattern (1) on bottom plate (17) declines together and exits high-pressure chamber (5).
10. sintered magnet pressure forming machine according to claim 9, which is characterized in that rubber pattern (1) is in high-pressure chamber (5) it is arranged in upper and lower multilayer, between neighbouring rubber pattern (1), lid of the bottom surface of upper rubber pattern as the next rubber pattern Body, and the plug (9) that can protrude into the next rubber pattern die cavity is equipped in upper rubber pattern bottom surface.
CN201910929739.3A 2019-09-29 2019-09-29 Sintered magnet preparation method and pressure forming equipment thereof Active CN110534332B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115283676A (en) * 2022-09-07 2022-11-04 赣州开源智能装备有限公司 Magnetic field pressure forming and isostatic pressing integrated machine

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115283676A (en) * 2022-09-07 2022-11-04 赣州开源智能装备有限公司 Magnetic field pressure forming and isostatic pressing integrated machine
CN115283676B (en) * 2022-09-07 2023-11-03 赣州开源智能装备有限公司 Magnetic field pressure forming and isostatic pressing integrated machine

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