CN110529159B - Temporary supporting device applied to tunnel excavation and implementation method thereof - Google Patents
Temporary supporting device applied to tunnel excavation and implementation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110529159B CN110529159B CN201910790390.XA CN201910790390A CN110529159B CN 110529159 B CN110529159 B CN 110529159B CN 201910790390 A CN201910790390 A CN 201910790390A CN 110529159 B CN110529159 B CN 110529159B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009979 protective mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D19/00—Provisional protective covers for working space
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a temporary supporting device which comprises a plurality of groups of protection mechanisms, wherein each group of protection mechanisms is detachably connected, each protection mechanism comprises a fixed frame, a fixed shaft and a rotating sleeve, an adjusting plate is movably connected onto the rotating sleeve, the adjusting plate is movably connected with a steel frame, connecting ribs are detachably connected between adjacent steel frames, an adjusting and reinforcing mechanism is detachably mounted in a space formed by the steel frames and the connecting ribs, the adjusting and reinforcing mechanism comprises a reinforcing part and a lifting part, and a waterproof part is detachably connected to the bottom of each steel frame; the temporary supporting device disclosed by the invention not only can be flexibly adjusted and conveniently detached, saves the construction time and cost, but also can improve the construction efficiency, prolong the service life of the structure, play a role in water prevention and simultaneously ensure the stability and safety in the construction process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a temporary supporting device applied to tunnel excavation and an implementation method thereof.
Background
The temporary support is a temporary support method in which a top plate is supported by measures to prevent rocks from falling during underground work, and construction is continued.
Along with the continuous development of tunnel engineering, large-span tunnels are more and more, and the one-time excavation of large-section tunnels can cause the working face exposure time overlength, and the load release is very fast scheduling problem and arouses that the country rock is unstable, has increaseed the tunnel construction risk, therefore the thought of tunnel piecemeal excavation is flourishing gradually. Under the geological condition of poor surrounding rock, more and more large-span tunnel construction adopts a construction method of block excavation and temporary support. The temporary support is used as a temporary structure for improving safety in the tunnel excavation process, the requirements on sealing surrounding rocks, protecting the strength of the surrounding rocks and the like are low, and the temporary support function can be exerted as long as the strength, the rigidity and the integrity of the temporary support can be ensured; the existing temporary supporting mode is generally formed by spraying concrete on a framework consisting of a steel arch frame, longitudinal connecting bars and a reinforcing mesh. The temporary supporting structure has high strength and rigidity and can completely meet the requirement of safe production. However, the structure is difficult to install and disassemble, the steel arch frame, the longitudinal connecting ribs and the reinforcing mesh can be disassembled one by one only by manually or smashing concrete by external force when the structure is disassembled, so that inconvenience is brought to the disassembly, in order to solve the problem, a temporary supporting structure which is formed by directly assembling the steel arch frame, the longitudinal connecting ribs and the reinforcing rib structures in part of the prior art is adopted at present, so that concrete spraying can be avoided, but the structure is also single, different construction modes are adopted during the construction of tunnel engineering, so correspondingly adopted temporary supporting structures are different, the temporary supporting structures in the prior art are single in structure and cannot be adjusted, the temporary supporting structures in each construction mode are specially manufactured, so that the labor expenditure is increased, because the large steel arch frames are connected in the prior art, the method is characterized in that each time, when people disassemble and assemble, the time and the labor are consumed, the construction progress of tunnel engineering can be reduced, and parts among temporary supporting structures are seriously abraded due to repeated assembly and disassembly of the temporary supporting structures, so that the stability and the safety of the temporary supporting structures are influenced, and the service life of the temporary supporting structures is shortened; in addition, some tunnel engineering is the easy phenomenon of gushing water that appears when the construction in addition, but does not carry out waterproofing mechanism's setting on the present temporary support structure, also do not carry out waterproofing construction when the construction, consequently, it is convenient not only to adjust in a flexible way and dismantle at present urgently needed one kind, saves engineering time and cost, and can improve the efficiency of construction, improves overall structure life, still plays waterproof effect, can guarantee the temporary support device of stability and security in the work progress finally.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a temporary supporting device applied to tunnel excavation and an implementation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, can be flexibly adjusted and conveniently disassembled, saves construction time and cost, can improve construction efficiency and structure service life, plays a role in water prevention, and finally can ensure stability and safety in the construction process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides a temporary supporting device which comprises a plurality of groups of protection mechanisms, wherein each group of protection mechanisms is detachably connected, each protection mechanism comprises a fixed frame, a fixed shaft is detachably connected onto each fixed frame, a rotating sleeve is movably connected onto each fixed shaft, a plurality of adjusting plates are movably connected onto each rotating sleeve, steel frames are movably connected onto each adjusting plate, connecting ribs are detachably connected between every two adjacent steel frames, an adjusting and reinforcing mechanism is detachably mounted in a space formed by the steel frames and the connecting ribs, each adjusting and reinforcing mechanism comprises a reinforcing part, a lifting part is fixedly mounted on each reinforcing part, and a waterproof part is detachably connected to the bottom of each steel frame.
Preferably, a plurality of first through holes are formed in the steel frame, a plurality of second through holes are formed in the adjusting plate, and fasteners are detachably connected in the first through holes and the second through holes.
Preferably, the adjusting plate is fixed with a convex strip, the steel frame is fixed with a clamping piece, and the clamping piece and the convex strip are buckled.
Preferably, the fixing frame is detachably connected with a plurality of first transverse plates, the first transverse plates are connected with the steel frame through first supporting plates in a sliding mode, sliding grooves are formed in the first transverse plates, sliding plates are connected onto the sliding grooves in a sliding mode, one ends of the first supporting plates are hinged to the steel frame, sliding blocks are fixedly connected to the other ends of the first supporting plates, the sliding blocks are connected with the sliding grooves in a sliding mode, the reinforcing portion is a reinforcing plate, the lifting portion is a hanging ring, and the hanging ring is fixedly mounted on the reinforcing plate.
Preferably, the sliding plate is provided with a fifth through hole, the first transverse plate is provided with a clamping groove, the first transverse plate is provided with a third through hole, and the clamping groove is buckled with the clamping block through the third through hole and the fifth through hole.
Preferably, a second transverse plate is symmetrically installed on the first transverse plate, a second groove is formed in the second transverse plate, a first groove is formed in the reinforcing plate, and a second supporting plate is inserted into and connected with the first groove and the second groove.
Preferably, a clamping frame is fixed below the first transverse plate and the second transverse plate, a clamping strip is fixed on the reinforcing plate, and the clamping strip is clamped in the clamping frame.
Preferably, the side wall of the clamping frame is symmetrically provided with fourth through holes, the clamping strip is provided with a sixth through hole, the hole centers of the sixth through hole and the fourth through hole are positioned on the same straight line, the fourth through hole and the sixth through hole are connected with a fixing strip in an inserting manner, and two ends of the fixing strip are provided with threads.
Preferably, the waterproof part is a waterproof plate, and a guide plate is connected below the waterproof plate in a shaft mode.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention also provides the following scheme: a method for implementing a temporary support device for tunnel excavation according to claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
(1) and (3) outside-hole assembly and manufacturing: erecting and assembling the prepared steel frame, the fixing shaft and other parts outside the hole to form a primary protection mechanism;
(2) adjusting outside the hole: according to the tunnel machining method, performing primary rotation adjustment and height adjustment on the primary protection mechanism assembled in the step (1) to form a primary temporary supporting device;
(3) mounting and adjusting in the hole: placing the temporary support device preliminarily adjusted in the step (2) on a movable trolley, pushing the movable trolley into the tunnel hole until the movable trolley moves to a specified position where the temporary support device is installed, adjusting the height of a steel frame to be in contact with the inner wall of the tunnel, fixing the steel frame, and finally putting down a support frame on a bottom plate of the movable trolley to be anchored on the ground of the tunnel;
(4) waterproof setting in the hole: and (4) rotating the waterproof plate on the temporary supporting device installed in the step (3) to a proper position, then putting down the guide plate on the waterproof plate, finding out the installation position of the guide plate, then excavating a placement groove on the ground of the tunnel by using an auxiliary tool, excavating a drainage groove at the outflow end of the placement groove, leading the drainage groove to the outside of the tunnel, and finally placing the guide plate in the placement groove.
The invention discloses the following technical effects: the invention discloses a temporary supporting device which consists of a plurality of groups of protection mechanisms, wherein the protection mechanisms are detachably connected among the groups of protection mechanisms, each protection mechanism comprises a fixed frame, a fixed shaft is detachably connected on the fixed frame, a rotating sleeve is movably connected on the fixed shaft, a plurality of adjusting plates are movably connected on the rotating sleeve, the adjusting plates are movably connected with steel frames, connecting ribs are detachably connected between adjacent steel frames, an adjusting and reinforcing mechanism is detachably arranged in a space formed by the steel frames and the connecting ribs, the adjusting and reinforcing mechanism comprises a reinforcing part, a lifting part is fixedly arranged on the reinforcing part, when the protection mechanisms need to adjust the height, the steel frames are directly adjusted upwards or downwards along the adjusting plates, when the steel frames are adjusted to a proper position, the steel frames and the adjusting plates are fixedly connected, when angle adjustment needs to be carried out, steel cables are directly wound on the lifting parts, and then auxiliary tools are adopted, like this alright with carrying out angle modulation to protection machanism, can dismantle simultaneously in the bottom and be connected with waterproof, not only can adjust in a flexible way and dismantle conveniently through above technical scheme, save engineering time and cost, and can improve the efficiency of construction, improve structure life, still play waterproof effect, finally can guarantee stability and security in the work progress.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a temporary support device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a right side view of the temporary support apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged view of B in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a fastening structure of the fastening block of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the fitting structure of the fixing strip of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the temporary support device in the embodiment 1 after adjustment;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the temporary support device of the embodiment 2 after adjustment;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the temporary support device in the embodiment 3 after adjustment;
wherein: 1-steel frame; 2, fixing a shaft; 3-rotating the sleeve; 4-connecting ribs; 5-a fixing frame; 6-adjusting plate; 7-convex strips; 8-a first via; 9-a second via; 10-a snap-fit; 11-a fastener; 12-a chute; 13-a first support plate; 14-a slide block; 15-a first transverse plate; 16-a sliding plate; 17-a cartridge; 18-a reinforcement plate; 19-hanging ring; 20-a waterproof board; 21-a flow guide plate; 22-moving the trolley; 23-a base plate; 24-a support frame; 25-a clamping frame; 26-a card strip; 27-a third via; 28-fixing strip; 29-a nut; 30-a second support plate; 31-a fourth via; 32-a first groove; 33-a second groove; 34-a clamping groove; 35-a second transverse plate; 36-a fifth via; 37-sixth via.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the invention provides a temporary support device, which comprises a plurality of groups of protection mechanisms, wherein each group of protection mechanisms is detachably connected, two steel frames 1 adjacent to each group of protection mechanisms are provided with ear plates (not shown in the figures), and when the plurality of groups of protection mechanisms are required to be spliced, the ear plates are directly connected by bolts, so that the temporary support device is simple and convenient to install and disassemble, and the use cost is reduced; wherein protection machanism includes mount 5, can dismantle on mount 5 and be connected with fixed axle 2, swing joint has swivel sleeve 3 on fixed axle 2, swing joint has a plurality of regulating plate 6 on swivel sleeve 3, slide rail (not shown in the figure) has been seted up on swivel sleeve 3, pass through slide rail sliding connection with regulating plate 6 in swivel sleeve 3, swing joint has steelframe 1 on regulating plate 6, can dismantle between adjacent steelframe 1 and be connected with splice bar 4, splice bar 4 can directly adopt bolted connection mode fixed mounting between steelframe 1, demountable installation has the regulation reinforcing mechanism on the space that steelframe 1 and splice bar 4 formed, it includes reinforced portion to adjust reinforcing mechanism, fixed mounting has lifting unit in reinforced portion, demountable connection has waterproof in 1 bottom of steelframe.
Further optimize the scheme, in order to make the altitude mixture control between steelframe 1 and regulating plate 6 convenient, and then guarantee the stability of steelframe 1 when carrying out the altitude mixture control, it is convenient not only to guarantee temporary support device to adjust, and guarantees its security when the adjustment. Seted up the first through-hole 8 of a plurality of on steelframe 1, a plurality of second through-hole 9 has been seted up on regulating plate 6, can dismantle in first through-hole 8 and the second through-hole 9 and be connected with fastener 11, wherein fastener 11 can adopt bolt and nut, when steelframe 1 needs to carry out altitude mixture control, at first will tentatively fix regulating plate 6 and the fastener 11 of steelframe 1 and unload, then manual adjustment steelframe 1's height, until adjusting suitable position, pass first through-hole 8 and second through-hole 9 with fastener 11 at last, it can with steelframe 1 and regulating plate 6 fixed, so not only can carry out convenient altitude mixture control, can also guarantee the stability between regulation back steelframe 1 and regulating plate 6.
Furthermore, in order to conveniently adjust the height between the steel frame 1 and the adjusting plate 6, the height adjusting device is guaranteed not to shake during adjustment, so that the height adjusting between the steel frame 1 and the adjusting plate 6 is convenient and quick, the safety and the stability in the adjusting process are guaranteed, and the stability and the safety of the temporary supporting device after adjustment are guaranteed. Be fixed with sand grip 7 on regulating plate 6, be fixed with fastener 10 on steelframe 1, fastener 10 and sand grip 7 lock mutually, after steelframe 1 upwards or adjust downwards, at first make sand grip 7 lock on regulating plate 6 in fastener 10 on steelframe 1, so not only can guarantee the smooth installation of fastener 11, can also prevent that landing or not hard up phenomenon appear in steelframe 1 when adjusting, and then influence temporary support device's stability and security.
Further optimization scheme, in order to guarantee that temporary support device's protection machanism can carry out rotation regulation under any environment, and then guarantee that temporary support device can be fit for tunnel excavation work under any mode, still guarantee the stability and the security of temporary support device when using simultaneously. The fixing frame 5 is detachably connected with a plurality of first transverse plates 15, the first transverse plates 15 can be fixed on the fixing frame 5 through bolt connection, the first transverse plates 15 are connected with the steel frame 1 through first supporting plates 13 in a sliding manner, sliding grooves 12 are formed in the first transverse plates 15, sliding plates 16 are connected on the sliding grooves 12 in a sliding manner, one ends of the first supporting plates 13 are hinged on the steel frame 1, the other ends of the first supporting plates 13 are fixedly connected with sliding blocks 14, the sliding blocks 14 are connected with the sliding grooves 12 in a sliding manner, reinforcing parts are reinforcing plates 18, lifting parts are hanging rings 19, hanging rings 19 are fixedly installed on the reinforcing plates 18, when the protection mechanism needs to be adjusted to be in a specific structure, steel cables are wound on the hanging rings 19, auxiliary tools or direct manpower can be adopted for pulling, the protection mechanism can be adjusted by pulling the protection mechanism upwards, and the adjustment is difficult due to the fact that the sliding phenomenon does not occur, the opposite side promotes sliding plate 16 through the manpower, make sliding plate 16 inwards slide along spout 12, just so can promote slider 14 to slide, when slider 14 slides, the first backup pad 13 of being connected with it just can promote steelframe 1 and upwards remove, under the pulling force of cable wire and the dual thrust of slider, protection machanism just can labour saving and time saving more when adjusting, and then reduce the cost of tunnel excavation work, simultaneously because the stability after protection machanism adjusts can be guaranteed in the installation of first backup pad 13, prevent that it from appearing the phenomenon that drops, and then guaranteed temporary support device's safety in utilization and stability.
Furthermore, in order to ensure the stability of the protective mechanism of the temporary supporting device after being adjusted, the safety and the convenience of tunnel excavation work are ensured. The sliding plate 16 is provided with a fifth through hole 36, the first cross plate 15 is provided with an engaging groove 34, the first cross plate 15 is provided with a third through hole 27, and the engaging groove 34 is engaged with the engaging block 17 through the third through hole 27 and the fifth through hole 36. When the protection mechanism is adjusted to a proper position, the sliding plate 16 and the transverse plate are fixed through the fixture block 17, so that the adjustment is convenient and fast, and the stability of the protection mechanism after adjustment is also ensured.
Furthermore, in order to ensure the stability of the protective mechanism of the temporary supporting device after being adjusted and prevent the temporary supporting device from loosening after being adjusted so as to bring potential safety hazards to tunnel excavation work. Install second diaphragm 35 with first diaphragm 15 symmetry, second recess 33 has been seted up on second diaphragm 35, first recess 32 has been seted up on gusset plate 18, it is connected with second backup pad 30 to insert in first recess 32 and the second recess 33, when protection machanism adjusts to suitable position, prevent its direction slope to gusset plate 18, directly insert second backup pad 30 in first recess 32 and the second recess 33, under the cooperation of first backup pad 13 and second backup pad 35 is used, the protection machanism of being adjusted can not appear rocking from side to side, it is more firm, and then stability and security when having guaranteed protection machanism use more, stability and security when finally guaranteeing interim supporting device and using.
Further optimize the scheme, in order to make the flexibility ratio of steelframe 1 between the protection machanism when rotation regulation, and then can adjust for the interim strutting arrangement of needs fast conveniently. Clamping frames 25 are fixed below the first transverse plate 15 and the second transverse plate 35, clamping strips 26 are fixed on the reinforcing plate 18, the clamping strips 26 are clamped in the clamping frames 25, when the protection mechanism vertical to the ground needs to be adjusted by 90 degrees, the protection mechanism is directly lifted up manually, and the clamping strips 26 on the fixing plate are directly clamped in the clamping frames 25.
Furthermore, in order to ensure that the protection mechanism engaged in the engaging frame 25 does not fall down due to its own weight, a fourth through hole 31 is symmetrically formed in the side wall of the engaging frame 25, a sixth through hole 37 is formed in the engaging strip 26, the hole centers of the sixth through hole 37 and the fourth through hole 31 are positioned on the same straight line, a fixing strip 28 is inserted and connected into the fourth through hole 31 and the sixth through hole 37, threads are formed at two ends of the fixing strip 28, when the engaging strip 26 is engaged in the engaging frame 25, the fixing strip 28 is inserted into the fourth through hole 31 and the sixth through hole 37, and two ends of the fixing strip 28 are connected by using nuts 29.
Further optimization scheme, in order to prevent to appear gushing water phenomenon in the tunnel after the temporary support device installation, and lead to unable normal excavation work that develops in the tunnel, set up waterproof into waterproof board 20, waterproof board 20 below hub connection has guide plate 21, when gushing water phenomenon appears, not only can prevent that it from flowing to the tunnel in, can also lead it to the tunnel through guide plate 21 outside, so not only guarantee the security of tunnel excavation, the operational environment when having guaranteed tunnel excavation more.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present invention provides a method for implementing the temporary support device applied to tunnel excavation, which comprises the following steps when the CRD method is used for construction:
(1) and (3) outside-hole assembly and manufacturing: erecting and assembling the prepared steel frame 1, a fixing frame 5, a fixed shaft 2 and other parts outside a hole, firstly installing the fixed shaft 2 on the fixing frame 5, then sleeving a rotating sleeve 3 on the fixed shaft 2, then sequentially installing an adjusting plate 6, connecting the steel frame 1 on the adjusting plate 6 through a fastener 11, fixedly connecting a plurality of steel frames 1 through connecting ribs 4 to form a primary protection mechanism, and repeating the steps to install four groups of protection mechanisms on the fixed shaft 2 due to the adoption of a CRD method for construction;
(2) adjusting outside the hole: as the CRD method is adopted for construction, three groups of preliminary protection mechanisms in the four groups of preliminary protection mechanisms assembled in the step (1) need to be respectively rotated by 180 degrees and 90 degrees, when the 180-degree rotation adjustment is carried out, the protection mechanisms vertical to the ground need to be rotated by 180 degrees, so that the protection mechanisms vertical to the ground are in a horizontal state, firstly, the first group of protection mechanisms rotate by 90 degrees through manpower, then, the steel cables are sleeved in the hanging rings 19 and pulled up by a certain angle through auxiliary tools, secondly, a first transverse plate 15 and a second transverse plate 35 are respectively fixed on the fixed frames 5 at two sides of the pulled steel frame 1, the first supporting plate 13 is hinged on the pulled steel frame 1, the other end is connected in the sliding groove 12 of the first transverse plate 15 in a sliding way, then, a sliding plate 16 is placed in the sliding groove 12 in a sliding way, and at the moment, the one side for installing the reinforcing plate 18 can be pulled through manpower simultaneously, the other side pushes the sliding plate 16 to enable the first supporting plate 13 to push the protection mechanism to move upwards, when the first group of protection mechanisms are adjusted to the designated position, the fixed frame 5 on one side of the reinforcing plate 18 is provided with the second transverse plate 35 again, and the second supporting plate 30 is arranged between the second transverse plate 35 and the steel frame 1; the second group of preliminary protection mechanisms and the third group of preliminary protection mechanisms are sequentially adjusted by 90 degrees, the second group of preliminary protection mechanisms are rotated by 90 degrees clockwise, the clamping strips 26 on the reinforcing plate 18 are clamped on the clamping frames 25 on the first transverse plate 15, then the third group of preliminary protection mechanisms are rotated by 90 degrees anticlockwise, the clamping strips 26 on the reinforcing plate 18 are clamped on the clamping frames 25 on the second transverse plate 35, meanwhile, the fastening pieces 11 of the steel frame 1 and the adjusting plate 6 are disassembled to adjust the height of the steel frame 1, namely, the height of the preliminary protection mechanisms is adjusted, then the steel frame 1 and the adjusting plate 6 are pre-tightened through the fastening pieces 11, and finally, the waterproof plate 20 and the guide plate 21 are sequentially installed below the preliminary protection mechanisms to form a preliminary temporary supporting device;
(3) mounting and adjusting in the hole: placing the temporary support device preliminarily adjusted in the step (2) on a movable trolley 22, pushing the movable trolley 22 into a tunnel hole until the movable trolley moves to a specified position for installing the preliminary temporary support device, adjusting the height of a protection mechanism to be in contact with the inner wall of the tunnel, fixing the steel frame 1 on the protection mechanism again, finally putting down a support frame 24 on a bottom plate 23 of the movable trolley 22, anchoring the support frame on the ground of the tunnel, completing the installation, fixing and adjustment of the temporary support device in the hole, and directly assembling a plurality of groups of protection mechanisms if the width of the temporary support device needs to be adjusted, and connecting the ear plates on the steel frame 1 to be installed in the hole;
(4) waterproof setting in the hole: after the waterproof plate 20 on the temporary supporting device installed in the step (3) is rotated to a proper position, the guide plate 21 on the waterproof plate 20 is put down, the installation position of the guide plate 21 is found, then an auxiliary tool is adopted to excavate a placing groove on the ground of the tunnel, a drainage groove is excavated at the outflow end of the placing groove, the drainage groove is led to the outside of the tunnel, and finally the guide plate 21 is placed in the placing groove.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 to 6 and 8, the present invention also provides an implementation method using the above temporary support device, which comprises the following steps when the CD method is used for construction:
(1) and (3) outside-hole assembly and manufacturing: the method comprises the following steps of erecting and assembling prepared steel frames 1, fixing frames 5, fixing shafts 2 and other parts outside holes, firstly installing the fixing shafts 2 on the fixing frames 5, then sleeving rotating sleeves 3 on the fixing shafts 2, then sequentially installing adjusting plates 6, connecting the steel frames 1 to the adjusting plates 6 through fasteners 11, fixedly connecting a plurality of steel frames 1 through connecting ribs 4 to form a primary protection mechanism, and repeating the steps to install two groups of primary protection mechanisms on the fixing shafts 2 due to the adoption of CD method construction;
(2) adjusting outside the hole: because the CD method is adopted for construction, one group of the two groups of preliminary protection mechanisms assembled in the step (1) needs to be respectively rotated for 180 degrees and 90 degrees, when the 180-degree rotation adjustment is carried out, the protection mechanism vertical to the ground needs to be rotated for 180 degrees, so that the protection mechanism vertical to the ground is in a horizontal state, firstly, the preliminary protection mechanism needing to be adjusted rotates for 90 degrees through manpower, then, the steel cable is sleeved in the hanging ring 19 and pulled up for certain reduction through an auxiliary tool, secondly, a first transverse plate 15 and a second transverse plate 35 are respectively fixed on the fixed frames 5 at two sides of the pulled steel frame 1, the first supporting plate 13 is hinged on the pulled steel frame 1, the other end is connected in the sliding groove 12 of the first transverse plate 15 in a sliding way, and then, a sliding plate 16 is placed in the sliding groove 12 in a sliding way, and at the moment, the one side for installing the reinforcing plate 18 can be pulled through manpower at the same time, the other side pushes the sliding plate 16 to enable the first supporting plate 13 to push the protection mechanism to move upwards, when the first group of protection mechanisms are adjusted to the designated position, the fixed frame 5 on one side of the reinforcing plate 18 is provided with the second transverse plate 35 again, and the second supporting plate 30 is arranged between the second transverse plate 35 and the steel frame 1; meanwhile, the fasteners 11 of the steel frame 1 and the adjusting plate 6 are disassembled to adjust the height of the steel frame 1, namely, the height of the primary protection mechanism is adjusted, then the steel frame 1 and the adjusting plate 6 are pre-tightened through the fasteners 11, and finally the waterproof plate 20 and the guide plate 21 are sequentially installed below the primary protection mechanism to form a primary temporary supporting device;
(3) mounting and adjusting in the hole: placing the temporary support device preliminarily adjusted in the step (2) on a movable trolley 22, pushing the movable trolley 22 into the tunnel hole until the movable trolley moves to a specified position for installing the preliminary temporary support device, adjusting the height of a protection mechanism to be in contact with the inner wall of the tunnel, fixing the steel frame 1 on the protection mechanism again, and finally putting down a support frame 24 on a bottom plate 23 of the movable trolley 22 and anchoring the support frame on the ground of the tunnel to finish the installation, fixation and adjustment of the temporary support device in the tunnel;
(4) waterproof setting in the hole: after the waterproof plate 20 on the temporary supporting device installed in the step (3) is rotated to a proper position, the guide plate 21 on the waterproof plate 20 is put down, the installation position of the guide plate 21 is found, then an auxiliary tool is adopted to excavate a placing groove on the ground of the tunnel, a drainage groove is excavated at the outflow end of the placing groove, the drainage groove is led to the outside of the tunnel, and finally the guide plate 21 is placed in the placing groove.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 to 6 and 9, the present invention also provides an implementation method of the above temporary support device, which comprises the following steps when the double-side wall pit guiding method is adopted for construction:
(1) and (3) outside-hole assembly and manufacturing: the method comprises the following steps of erecting and assembling prepared steel frames 1, fixing frames 5, fixing shafts 2 and other parts outside holes, firstly installing the fixing shafts 2 on the fixing frames 5, then sleeving rotating sleeves 3 on the fixing shafts 2, then sequentially installing adjusting plates 6, connecting the steel frames 1 to the adjusting plates 6 through fasteners 11, fixedly connecting a plurality of steel frames 1 through connecting ribs 4 to form a primary protection mechanism, and repeating the steps to install four groups of primary protection mechanisms on the fixing shafts 2 due to the fact that a double-side-wall pit guiding method is adopted for construction;
(2) adjusting outside the hole: because the construction is carried out by adopting the double-side-wall pit guiding method, two groups of preliminary protection mechanisms in the four groups of preliminary protection mechanisms assembled in the step (1) need to be respectively rotated for 180 degrees, when the 180-degree rotation adjustment is carried out, the protection mechanisms vertical to the ground need to be rotated for 180 degrees, so that the protection mechanisms vertical to the ground are in a horizontal state, firstly, the first group of preliminary protection mechanisms rotate for 90 degrees through manpower, then, the steel cable is sleeved in the hanging ring 19 and pulled up for a certain reduction by means of an auxiliary tool, secondly, a first transverse plate 15 and a second transverse plate 35 are respectively fixed on the fixed frames 5 at two sides of the pulled steel frame 1, the first supporting plate 13 is hinged on the pulled steel frame 1, the other end is connected in the sliding groove 12 of the first transverse plate 15 in a sliding way, then, a sliding plate 16 is placed in the sliding way in the sliding groove 12, and then, the reinforcing plate 18 can be pulled on one, the other side pushes the sliding plate 16 to enable the first supporting plate 13 to push the protection mechanism to move upwards, when the first group of protection mechanisms are adjusted to the designated position, the fixed frame 5 on one side of the reinforcing plate 18 is provided with the second transverse plate 35 again, and the second supporting plate 30 is arranged between the second transverse plate 35 and the steel frame 1; meanwhile, the fasteners 11 of the steel frame 1 and the adjusting plate 6 are disassembled to adjust the height of the steel frame 1, namely, the height of the primary protection mechanism is adjusted, then the steel frame 1 and the adjusting plate 6 are pre-tightened through the fasteners 11, finally, the waterproof plate 20 and the guide plate 21 are sequentially installed below the primary protection mechanism to form a primary temporary supporting device, and then, the rotary adjustment of the steps is performed on the other group of primary protection mechanisms to be adjusted again to form another primary temporary supporting device;
(3) mounting and adjusting in the hole: respectively placing the two temporary supporting devices preliminarily adjusted in the step (2) on a movable trolley 22, pushing the movable trolley 22 into the tunnel hole until the movable trolley moves to the specified position of the preliminary temporary supporting device, respectively adjusting the heights of the two groups of protection mechanisms to be in contact with the inner wall of the tunnel, fixing the steel frame 1 on the protection mechanisms again, and finally putting down a support frame 24 on a bottom plate 23 of the movable trolley 22 and anchoring the support frame on the ground of the tunnel to finish the installation, fixation and adjustment of the temporary supporting devices in the tunnel;
(4) waterproof setting in the hole: after the waterproof plate 20 on the temporary supporting device installed in the step (3) is rotated to a proper position, the guide plate 21 on the waterproof plate 20 is put down, the installation position of the guide plate 21 is found, then an auxiliary tool is adopted to excavate a placing groove on the ground of the tunnel, a drainage groove is excavated at the outflow end of the placing groove, the drainage groove is led to the outside of the tunnel, and finally the guide plate 21 is placed in the placing groove.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a temporary support device when being applied to tunnel excavation which characterized in that: including a plurality of groups protection machanism, every can dismantle the connection between every group protection machanism, protection machanism includes mount (5), can dismantle on mount (5) and be connected with fixed axle (2), swing joint has swivel housing (3) on fixed axle (2), swing joint has a plurality of regulating plate (6) on swivel housing (3), swing joint has steelframe (1) on regulating plate (6), and is adjacent can dismantle between steelframe (1) and be connected with splice bar (4), demountable installation has regulation strengthening mechanism on the space that steelframe (1) and splice bar (4) formed, it includes the portion of consolidating to adjust strengthening mechanism, fixed mounting has lifting unit in the portion of consolidating, steelframe (1) bottom can be dismantled and be connected with waterproof.
2. The temporary supporting device applied to tunnel excavation according to claim 1, wherein: a plurality of first through holes (8) are formed in the steel frame (1), a plurality of second through holes (9) are formed in the adjusting plate (6), and fasteners (11) are detachably connected into the first through holes (8) and the second through holes (9).
3. The temporary supporting device applied to tunnel excavation according to claim 2, wherein: convex strips (7) are fixed on the adjusting plate (6), clamping pieces (10) are fixed on the steel frame (1), and the clamping pieces (10) are buckled with the convex strips (7).
4. The temporary supporting device applied to tunnel excavation according to claim 1, wherein: the utility model discloses a steel frame, including mount (5), first diaphragm (15) and steelframe (1), can dismantle on mount (5) and be connected with a plurality of first diaphragm (15), first diaphragm (15) are through first backup pad (13) sliding connection, spout (12) have been seted up on first diaphragm (15), sliding connection has sliding plate (16) on spout (12), the one end of first backup pad (13) articulates on steelframe (1), the other end fixedly connected with slider (14) of first backup pad (13), slider (14) and spout (12) sliding connection, reinforced portion is gusset plate (18), lifting portion is link (19), fixed mounting has link (19) on gusset plate (18).
5. The temporary supporting device applied to tunnel excavation according to claim 4, wherein: the sliding plate (16) is provided with a fifth through hole (36), the first transverse plate (15) is provided with a clamping groove (34), the first transverse plate (15) is provided with a third through hole (27), and the clamping groove (34) is buckled with a clamping block (17) through the third through hole (27) and the fifth through hole (36).
6. The temporary supporting device applied to tunnel excavation according to claim 4, wherein: install second diaphragm (35) on mount (5) of gusset plate (18) one side, second diaphragm (35) for fixed axle (2) with first diaphragm (15) symmetry, second recess (33) have been seted up on second diaphragm (35), first recess (32) have been seted up on gusset plate (18), insert in first recess (32) and second recess (33) and be connected with second backup pad (30).
7. The temporary supporting device applied to tunnel excavation according to claim 6, wherein: clamping frames (25) are fixed below the first transverse plate (15) and the second transverse plate (35), clamping strips (26) are fixed on the reinforcing plate (18), and the clamping strips (26) are clamped in the clamping frames (25).
8. The temporary supporting device applied to tunnel excavation according to claim 7, wherein: the clamping frame is characterized in that fourth through holes (31) are symmetrically formed in the side wall of the clamping frame (25), sixth through holes (37) are formed in the clamping strip (26), hole centers of the sixth through holes (37) and the fourth through holes (31) are located on the same straight line, fixing strips (28) are inserted into the fourth through holes (31) and the sixth through holes (37), and threads are formed in two ends of the fixing strips (28).
9. The temporary supporting device applied to tunnel excavation according to claim 1, wherein: the waterproof part is a waterproof plate (20), and a guide plate (21) is connected below the waterproof plate (20) in a shaft mode.
10. A method of implementing a temporary support means for use in tunnel excavation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the implementation method comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) outside-hole assembly and manufacturing: erecting and assembling the prepared steel frame (1), the fixing frame (5), the fixing shaft (2) and other parts outside the hole to form a primary protection mechanism;
(2) adjusting outside the hole: according to the tunnel machining method, performing primary rotation adjustment and height adjustment on the primary protection mechanism assembled in the step (1) to form a primary temporary supporting device;
(3) mounting and adjusting in the hole: placing the temporary support device preliminarily adjusted in the step (2) on a movable trolley (22), pushing the movable trolley (22) into the tunnel hole until the movable trolley moves to a specified position for installing the temporary support device, adjusting the height of the steel frame (1) to be in contact with the inner wall of the tunnel, fixing the steel frame (1), and finally putting down a support frame (24) on a bottom plate (23) of the movable trolley (22) to be anchored on the ground of the tunnel;
(4) waterproof setting in the hole: rotating the waterproof plate (20) on the temporary supporting device installed in the step (3) to a proper position, then putting down the guide plate (21) on the waterproof plate (20), finding out the installation position of the guide plate (21), then excavating a placement groove on the ground of the tunnel by using an auxiliary tool, excavating a drainage groove at the outflow end of the placement groove, leading the drainage groove to the outside of the tunnel, and finally placing the guide plate (21) in the placement groove.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910790390.XA CN110529159B (en) | 2019-08-26 | 2019-08-26 | Temporary supporting device applied to tunnel excavation and implementation method thereof |
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| CN201910790390.XA CN110529159B (en) | 2019-08-26 | 2019-08-26 | Temporary supporting device applied to tunnel excavation and implementation method thereof |
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| CN110529159A CN110529159A (en) | 2019-12-03 |
| CN110529159B true CN110529159B (en) | 2021-01-05 |
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Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| SU1606707A1 (en) * | 1988-04-18 | 1990-11-15 | Подмосковный Научно-Исследовательский И Проектно-Конструкторский Угольный Институт | Entry-driving support |
| JP2000204898A (en) * | 1999-01-13 | 2000-07-25 | Maeda Corp | Protector installation method |
| US20130051931A1 (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2013-02-28 | Erik Denver | Impact resistant cambered lagging element |
| CN105697013A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-06-22 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Contractible temporary support for tunneling tunnel |
| CN105927254A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-09-07 | 北京城建七建设工程有限公司 | Emergency device for collapse of mined tunnel vault and application method |
| CN206667271U (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-11-24 | 国网新疆电力公司巴州供电公司 | The shallow anti-collapse Rapid Combination support of earth's surface tunneling |
| CN207111142U (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2018-03-16 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Temporary supporting device for laneway tunneling |
| CN207194929U (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2018-04-06 | 何丽娟 | The protector that catchments of mine |
| CN208106465U (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-11-16 | 王永辉 | A kind of easy-to-dismount coal mine temporary support device |
| CN208267878U (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-12-21 | 王占锋 | One kind being used for coal mine digging tunnel face guard |
| CN108561165A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-09-21 | 贵州大学 | A kind of tunnel supporting apparatus convenient for deployment and dismounting |
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