CN110523958B - Crucible device suitable for supergravity directional solidification - Google Patents
Crucible device suitable for supergravity directional solidification Download PDFInfo
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- CN110523958B CN110523958B CN201910853050.7A CN201910853050A CN110523958B CN 110523958 B CN110523958 B CN 110523958B CN 201910853050 A CN201910853050 A CN 201910853050A CN 110523958 B CN110523958 B CN 110523958B
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- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005486 microgravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007712 rapid solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
- B22D23/06—Melting-down metal, e.g. metal particles, in the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
- B22D27/045—Directionally solidified castings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B11/00—Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method
- C30B11/002—Crucibles or containers for supporting the melt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B30/00—Production of single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the action of electric or magnetic fields, wave energy or other specific physical conditions
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a crucible device suitable for supergravity directional solidification. The crucible body is cylindrical, a central containing cavity is formed in the crucible body, and a metal sample is filled in the central containing cavity; a plurality of cooling holes are formed around the central accommodating cavity, and each cooling hole is internally provided with a temperature gradient adjusting block which axially moves in the cooling hole; the lower part of the crucible body is provided with a positioning flange block, and the peripheral cylindrical surface of the lower part of the positioning flange block is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation grooves; a plurality of heat radiation grooves are formed in the outer cylindrical surface of the crucible body above the positioning flange block; one or two small through holes are formed in the side wall of the crucible body at the top surface of the positioning flange block and serve as gas discharge holes, and the cooling holes are in buffer communication with the outside of the crucible body through the gas discharge holes. The invention provides a special crucible structural design for directional solidification in a hypergravity environment, solves the key problem that the temperature gradient is difficult to realize in the hypergravity directional solidification process, and has simple structure and higher safety coefficient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical fields of crucible, metallurgy and directional solidification, in particular to a crucible device suitable for the use of hypergravity directional solidification.
Background
The high-pressure turbine working blade is used as one of key components of hot end components of an aeroengine and a gas turbine, and works under coupling loading conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, high rotating speed, alternating load and the like for a long time in service, so that the high-pressure turbine working blade is a rotating component with the worst working condition in the engine, and the use reliability of the high-pressure turbine working blade directly influences the performance of the whole engine. In the development process of the high-temperature alloy, the process plays a great role in promoting the development of the high-temperature alloy. Generally, in order to improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of the superalloy, two approaches are adopted: firstly, a large amount of alloying elements are added, and solid solution strengthening, precipitation strengthening, grain boundary strengthening and the like are generated by a reasonable heat treatment process, so that the high-temperature alloy is ensured to have good strength from room temperature to high temperature, good stability and good plasticity; starting from the solidification process, preparing columnar crystal high-temperature alloy with grain boundaries parallel to a main stress axis so as to eliminate harmful transverse grain boundaries or preparing single crystal high-temperature alloy with all grain boundaries eliminated by adopting a directional solidification process. As the transverse grain boundary is eliminated or the grain boundary is completely eliminated, the crystal grows along the specific direction of [001], the initial melting temperature and the solution treatment window temperature are increased, the gamma quantity is increased and refined, the performance is greatly improved, and the use temperature is increased. Currently, almost all advanced aeroengines employ single crystal superalloys. The temperature gradient of the single crystal alloy prepared by the rapid solidification method widely applied in industry can only reach about 100K/cm, the solidification rate is very low, the solidification structure is coarse, the segregation is serious, and the performance of the material is not fully exerted. The crystal growth under microgravity effectively inhibits irregular thermal mass convection caused by gravity due to the reduction of gravity acceleration, so that crystals with highly uniform solute distribution are obtained, but industrialization cannot be realized due to high cost. The crystal growth under the hypergravity strengthens the buoyancy convection by increasing the gravity acceleration, and when the buoyancy convection is strengthened to a certain degree, the crystal is converted into a laminar flow state, namely, the crystal is fluidized again, and the irregular thermal mass convection is also restrained. During the acceleration rotation, liquid phase forced convection is caused, and the interface morphology is obviously changed due to the extremely changed thermal mass transmission process, so that the width of the pasty area is obviously reduced. The rapid flow of the liquid phase causes the temperature gradient in the front liquid phase of the interface to be greatly improved, which is very beneficial to the uniform mixing of the liquid phase solute and the planar interface growth of the material, the dendrite growth morphology is obviously changed from dendrite with obvious main axis to spike without obvious main axis, and the spike has fine microstructure. However, the key to preparing single crystal alloys in a hypergravity environment is that a crucible suitable for use in a directional solidification apparatus under hypergravity must be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the key problem that the temperature gradient is difficult to realize in the supergravity directional solidification process, the invention provides a special crucible structural design scheme, and the provided crucible has the advantages of simple design scheme, convenient use and high safety coefficient.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention comprises a crucible body, a central accommodating cavity, a cooling hole, a temperature gradient adjusting block, a heat radiating groove, a positioning flange block, a heat radiating groove and a gas discharging hole, wherein the central accommodating cavity, the cooling hole, the temperature gradient adjusting block, the heat radiating groove, the positioning flange block, the heat radiating groove and the gas discharging hole are arranged on the crucible body; the crucible body main body is of a cylindrical structure, a cylindrical blind hole is formed in the center of the top surface of the crucible body and used as a central containing cavity, and the central containing cavity is filled with metal melt/metal samples to be subjected to supergravity directional solidification; the top surface of the crucible body around the central cavity is provided with a plurality of vertical through holes along the circumference as cooling holes, the plurality of cooling holes are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction at intervals, and cooling gas is introduced into the lower ends of the cooling holes; a temperature gradient adjusting block for realizing and adjusting the directional solidification temperature gradient is arranged in each cooling hole, a gap exists between the temperature gradient adjusting block and the wall of the cooling hole, and the temperature gradient adjusting block can move up and down along the axial direction in the cooling hole; the lower peripheral surface of the crucible body is fixed with an annular lug serving as a positioning flange block, the outer peripheral cylindrical surface of the lower part of the positioning flange block is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation grooves, and the heat dissipation grooves radially extend outwards from the inner wall of the crucible body to the outer wall of the positioning flange block; a plurality of heat radiation grooves are formed in the outer cylindrical surface of the crucible body above the positioning flange block, the plurality of heat radiation grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction at intervals, and one heat radiation groove is formed in the outer cylindrical surface of the crucible body between two adjacent cooling holes; one or two small through holes are formed in the side wall of the crucible body at the top surface of the positioning flange block and serve as gas discharge holes, and the cooling holes are in buffer communication with the outside of the crucible body through the gas discharge holes.
The heat dissipation groove penetrates through the outer wall of the positioning flange block, and the bottom of the heat dissipation groove penetrates through the bottom surface of the positioning flange block.
The heat radiation groove axially penetrates out of the top surface of the crucible body, and the radial outer side part of the heat radiation groove penetrates out of the outer peripheral surface of the crucible body.
The crucible body is used for containing the molten metal/metal sample in the directional solidification process in the hypergravity environment.
The crucible body is made of high-strength ceramic materials.
The cooling gas is liquid nitrogen, compressed air and the like, the temperature of the cooling gas is not higher than 5 ℃, and the pressure is not higher than 5Mpa.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the special crucible structural design scheme is provided for the directional solidification device in the hypergravity environment, and the special crucible structural design scheme can be used for helping to realize the temperature gradient in the hypergravity directional solidification process in the heating device for mounting the hypergravity, and helping to realize the key difficulty that the temperature gradient is difficult to realize in the hypergravity directional solidification process.
The invention has the advantages of simple structure, operation scheme and higher safety coefficient, is suitable for a 1g-2500g hypergravity environment, and the temperature is from room temperature to 1700 ℃.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a crucible apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the crucible apparatus;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the portion labeled A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of A-A of FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is a perspective view of the crucible apparatus.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a supergravity air-cooled system in cooperation with a crucible apparatus.
In the figure: the crucible comprises a crucible body 25, a central accommodating cavity 25-1, a cooling hole 25-2, a temperature gradient adjusting block 25-3, a heat radiating groove 25-4, a positioning flange block 25-5, a heat radiating groove 25-6 and a gas discharging hole 25-7.
Description of the embodiments
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the implementation includes a crucible body 25 and a central cavity 25-1, a cooling hole 25-2, a temperature gradient adjusting block 25-3, a heat radiation groove 25-4, a positioning flange block 25-5, a heat radiation groove 25-6 and a gas discharge hole 25-7 provided on the crucible body 25; the main body of the crucible body 25 is of a cylindrical structure, a cylindrical blind hole is formed in the center of the top surface of the crucible body 25 and used as a central containing cavity 25-1, and the central containing cavity 25-1 is filled with a metal melt/metal sample to be subjected to supergravity directional solidification; the top surface of the crucible body 25 around the central cavity 25-1 is provided with a plurality of vertical through holes along the circumference as cooling holes 25-2, the plurality of cooling holes 25-2 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction at intervals, and cooling gas is introduced into the lower end of the cooling hole 25-2; a temperature gradient adjusting block 4 for realizing and adjusting the directional solidification temperature gradient is arranged in each cooling hole 25-2, a gap exists between the temperature gradient adjusting block 4 and the wall of the cooling hole 25-2, and the temperature gradient adjusting block 4 can move up and down along the axial direction in the cooling hole 25-2; in the specific implementation, the cooling hole 25-2 is connected with an outlet at the upper end of a ventilation pipeline of the crucible supporting seat, and cooling gas is introduced into the cooling hole 25-2 through the ventilation pipeline. The cooling holes 25-2 are channels for cooling gas to diffuse in the crucible wall, and mainly take away heat by using the cooling gas to realize the purpose of cooling the crucible.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, an annular bump is fixed on the peripheral surface of the lower part of the crucible body 25 to serve as a positioning flange block 25-5, the positioning flange block 25-5 and the main body of the crucible body 25 are integrally formed, a plurality of heat dissipation grooves 25-6 are formed in the peripheral cylindrical surface of the lower part of the positioning flange block 25-5, the number of the heat dissipation grooves 25-6 in specific implementation is twice that of the cooling holes 25-2, the heat dissipation grooves 25-6 radially extend outwards from the inner wall of the main body of the crucible body 25 to the outer wall of the positioning flange block 25-5 and penetrate out of the outer wall of the positioning flange block 25-5, and the bottoms of the heat dissipation grooves 25-6 penetrate out of the bottom surface of the positioning flange block 25-5; the heat dissipation groove 25-6 forms a cavity at the lower end of the positioning flange block 25-5 of the crucible body 25, so that the heat dissipation effect of the lower part of the crucible body 25 is enhanced, and the formation of a temperature gradient in the crucible solidification process is facilitated.
The positioning flange block 25-5 is provided with a heat dissipation groove 25-6, and the upper part of the lower part of the positioning flange block assists in determining the position when the crucible body 25 is installed in the heating system of the hypergravity directional solidification casting furnace, so that the crucible body 25 is prevented from being installed and swayed under hypergravity.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, a plurality of heat radiation grooves 25-4 are formed in the outer cylindrical surface of the crucible body 25 above the positioning flange block 25-5, the plurality of heat radiation grooves 25-4 are uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction, the number of the heat radiation grooves 25-4 in specific implementation is the same as that of the cooling holes 25-2, one heat radiation groove 25-4 is formed in the outer cylindrical surface of the crucible body 25 between two adjacent cooling holes 25-2, the heat radiation groove 25-4 axially penetrates out of the top surface of the crucible body 25, and the radial outer side part of the heat radiation groove 25-6 penetrates out of the outer circumferential surface of the crucible body 25; in the specific implementation, the heat radiation groove 25-4 is matched with an upper heating furnace tube, a lower heating furnace tube and a heating body in the heating system of the hypergravity directional solidification casting furnace, and is used for heating the crucible.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, one or two small through holes are formed in the side wall of the crucible body 25 at the top surface of the positioning flange block 25-5 as gas discharge holes 25-7, and if two gas discharge holes 25-7 are symmetrically arranged at both sides of the side wall of the crucible body 25, the gas discharge holes 25-7 are used for buffering and communicating the cooling holes 25-3 with the outside of the crucible body 25, and the gas discharge holes 25-7 and the cooling holes 25-3 form a cooling gas passage for discharging cooling gas and preventing damage to the crucible body 25 caused by expansion of the cooling gas at high temperature.
The crucible body 25 is used for holding a molten metal/metal sample in a directional solidification process in a hypergravity environment.
The crucible body 25 is made of a high-strength ceramic material, so that the crucible has enough strength and rigidity to ensure that the crucible can normally work under the supergravity after being installed in a directional casting furnace. The crucible material has extremely low porosity, ensures that the high-temperature melt cannot seep out of the crucible under the hypergravity in the directional solidification process, and is convenient and flexible to be suitable for various hypergravity directional solidification casting furnaces.
The cooling gas is liquid nitrogen, compressed air and the like, the temperature of the cooling gas is not higher than 5 ℃, the pressure is not higher than 5Mpa, and the pressure is controllable and adjustable. The cooling gas type may vary depending on the temperature gradient requirements.
The invention is suitable for the hypergravity environment with the weight of 1g-2500g and the temperature of normal temperature-1700 ℃.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
in the specific implementation, the crucible body 25 is installed in a hypergravity environment to work under hypergravity, and the direction of applying the hypergravity is along the axial downward direction of the crucible body 25. In particular to a heating system arranged in a hypergravity directional solidification casting furnace.
In the heating stage of the supergravity directional solidification test, under the condition that no cooling gas is introduced, the heat generated by the heating body is radiated and thermally conducted to the outer wall of the crucible body 25 through the heat radiation groove 25-4, so that the metal sample in the central accommodating cavity 25-1 is heated by the crucible body 25, and the sample in the crucible is melted.
In the solidification stage of the supergravity directional solidification test, cooling gas enters the crucible body 25 from the lower end of the cooling hole 25-2, the initial temperature gradient adjusting block 25-3 is positioned at the bottom of the cooling hole 25-2, the pressure of the cooling gas pushes the temperature gradient adjusting block 25-3 and flows to the top of the cooling hole 25-2 from the gap between the temperature gradient adjusting block 25-3 and the wall of the cooling hole 25-2, so that the central cavity 25-1 is cooled by heat conduction from bottom to top through the wall of the cooling hole 25-2, and directional solidification is implemented.
For the control of the solidification stage, the temperature gradient adjusting block 25-3 is respectively influenced by the weight of the supergravity, the friction force between the cooling hole 25-2 and the wall of the cooling hole and the pressure of the cooling gas in the moving process of the cooling hole 25-2, and the pressure difference exists at the two ends of the temperature gradient adjusting block 25-3 under the stress, and the supergravity of the temperature gradient adjusting block 25-3, the friction force between the cooling hole 25-2 of the crucible body 25 and the pressure of the cooling gas in the moving process of the temperature gradient adjusting block 25-3 under the effect of the supergravity are set, so that the temperature gradient in the supergravity directional solidification process can be realized by combining the up-and-down adjustment and the movement of the temperature gradient adjusting block 25-3 under the effect of the pressure difference according to the requirement. This enables a gradual temperature-decreasing cooling of the central cavity 25-1 from bottom to top, so that the metal sample that has melted in the central cavity 25-1 solidifies gradually from bottom to top as desired, achieving directional solidification.
In the test process, the temperature gradient requirements are realized by changing the measures of the supergravity, the flow of cooling gas, the time, the weight of the temperature gradient regulating block and the like and matching with a heating system of the supergravity directional casting furnace.
After cooling is performed to directionally solidify, the cooling gas is normally discharged from the top end opening of the cooling hole 25-2. However, when the temperature gradient adjusting block 25-3 is blocked in the cooling hole 25-2, the pressure of the cooling gas is circulated from the small diameter hole of the gas discharge hole 25-7 to the outside of the crucible body 25, so that the continuous increase of the pressure of the cooling gas is avoided, and the safety problem caused by the infinite increase of the internal pressure is avoided.
In specific implementation, the crucible body 25 further comprises an air inlet pipe 29, a crucible support body 21, a cooling base 26, a cold speed adjusting ring 27, the crucible body 25, an air exhaust cover 28 and an air exhaust pipe 30; the crucible support body 21 is arranged at the bottommost part, the cooling base 26 is arranged on the top surface of the crucible support body 21, the crucible body 25 is arranged on the cooling base 26, the exhaust cover 28 is arranged at the top end of the crucible body 25, and the cooling system formed by the cooling speed adjusting ring 27 is sleeved in the middle of the crucible body 25 to be matched and connected for further work.
The crucible support body 21 has the function of supporting the pressure generated by the crucible and the heating system under the hypergravity, the inside of the crucible support body 21 is provided with a ventilation pipeline, the lower end of the ventilation pipeline penetrates out of the outer wall of the bottom of the crucible support body 21 and is connected with one end of the air inlet pipe 29, and the other end of the air inlet pipe 29 is connected with a cooling air source outside the hypergravity experiment cabin through a ventilation bracket inside the hypergravity experiment cabin to provide cooling air for the cooling system;
the cooling base 26 is used for connecting the crucible and the crucible support body, a lower annular groove is arranged in the opening at the upper end of the cooling base 26, the circumferential dimension of the lower annular groove is consistent with the circumference of the cooling hole 25-2 of the crucible body 25, the lower end of the crucible body 25 is arranged in the opening at the upper end of the cooling base 26, the lower ends of the cooling holes 25-2 of the crucible body 25 are communicated through the lower annular groove, an air inlet through hole communicated with the lower annular groove is formed at the bottom end of the cooling base 26, and the upper end of an air channel of the crucible support body 21 penetrates out of the top surface of the crucible support body 21 and is communicated with the air inlet through hole of the cooling base 26.
The cooling gas enters the ventilation pipeline in the crucible support body 21 through the gas inlet pipe 29, then enters the lower annular groove through the gas inlet through hole, and then enters each cooling hole 25-2 of the crucible body 25, and then enters the crucible body 25 from the lower end of the cooling hole 25-2, and the crucible body 25 starts to be cooled.
In specific implementation, as shown in fig. 6, an inner annular groove and an outer annular groove are arranged in an opening at the upper end of the cooling base 26, the two annular grooves are connected and communicated, one lower annular groove of the outer ring is correspondingly communicated with the circumference of the cooling hole 25-2 of the crucible body 25, and an air inlet through hole is formed in one lower annular groove of the inner ring.
The cold speed adjusting ring 27 is fixedly arranged on the positioning flange block 25-5 of the crucible body 25, the bottom surface of the cold speed adjusting ring 27 is tightly attached to the top surface of the positioning flange block 25-5 and supported by the top surface of the positioning flange block 25-5, one or two vertical gas collecting groove holes are formed in the top surface of the cold speed adjusting ring 27, the number of the gas collecting groove holes is the same as that of the gas discharge holes 25-7 of the crucible body 25, the top ends of the gas collecting groove holes penetrate through the cold speed adjusting ring 27 and are communicated with the outside of the crucible body 25, and the bottom ends of the gas collecting groove holes penetrate through the inner ring wall surface of the cold speed adjusting ring 27 and are communicated with the gas discharge holes 25-7 of the crucible body 25 so as to collect gas after cooling the crucible;
the lower end of the exhaust cover 28 is provided with an opening, an upper annular groove is arranged in the opening, the circumferential size of the upper annular groove is consistent with the circumference of the cooling holes 25-2 of the crucible body 25, the lower end of the crucible body 25 is arranged in the opening at the lower end of the exhaust cover 28, the upper ends of the cooling holes 25-2 of the crucible body 25 are communicated through the upper annular groove to provide a gas path for cooling gas, the bottom end of the exhaust cover 28 is provided with a gas outlet through hole communicated with the upper annular groove, and the gas outlet through hole of the exhaust cover 28 is communicated with one end of the exhaust pipe 30 for discharging the cooling gas; the other end of the exhaust pipe 30 is communicated with the outside through a ventilation bracket and a slip ring of the hypergravity centrifugal machine in the hypergravity experimental cabin, and the cooling gas is discharged.
After the directional solidification is carried out by cooling, the cooling gas which has been subjected to the flow in the cooling hole 25-2 of the crucible body 25 enters the upper annular groove from the top end of the cooling hole 25-2, is collected in the upper annular groove, and is discharged from the exhaust pipe 30 after passing through the gas outlet through hole.
In the concrete implementation, a boss is formed in the middle of the opening at the lower end of the exhaust cover 28, and is embedded in the top end of the central accommodating cavity 25-1 of the crucible body 25, so that the crucible can be fixed to prevent the crucible from shaking under the action of supergravity.
In the test, the bottom of the crucible can be further cooled by the cooling base 26, and the dispersed gas is collected into the crucible cooling hole; the cooling speed adjusting ring 27 collects cooling gas at the lower part of the crucible, and adjusts the position according to the temperature zone requirements to realize the different temperature zone requirements.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a crucible device that is fit for hypergravity directional solidification to use which characterized in that: comprises a crucible body (25), a central containing cavity (25-1), a cooling hole (25-2), a temperature gradient adjusting block (25-3), a heat radiating groove (25-4), a positioning flange block (25-5), a heat radiating groove (25-6) and a gas discharging hole (25-7) which are arranged on the crucible body (25); the main body of the crucible body (25) is of a cylindrical structure, a cylindrical blind hole is formed in the center of the top surface of the crucible body (25) and used as a central containing cavity (25-1), and the central containing cavity (25-1) is used for carrying out super-gravity directional solidification on a metal melt/metal sample; the top surface of the crucible body (25) around the central cavity (25-1) is provided with a plurality of vertical through holes along the circumference as cooling holes (25-2), the plurality of cooling holes (25-2) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction at intervals, and cooling gas is introduced into the lower end of the cooling hole (25-2); a temperature gradient adjusting block (25-3) for realizing and adjusting the directional solidification temperature gradient is arranged in each cooling hole (25-2), a gap exists between the temperature gradient adjusting block (25-3) and the wall of the cooling hole (25-2), and the temperature gradient adjusting block (25-3) can move up and down along the axial direction in the cooling hole (25-2); an annular projection is fixed on the peripheral surface of the lower part of the crucible body (25) and used as a positioning flange block (25-5), a plurality of heat dissipation grooves (25-6) are formed in the peripheral cylindrical surface of the lower part of the positioning flange block (25-5), and the heat dissipation grooves (25-6) radially extend outwards from the inner wall of the main body of the crucible body (25) to the outer wall of the positioning flange block (25-5); a plurality of heat radiation grooves (25-4) are formed in the outer cylindrical surface of the crucible body (25) above the positioning flange block (25-5), the plurality of heat radiation grooves (25-4) are uniformly distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction, and one heat radiation groove (25-4) is formed in the outer cylindrical surface of the crucible body (25) between two adjacent cooling holes (25-2); one or two small through holes are formed in the side wall of the crucible body (25) at the top surface of the positioning flange block (25-5) and serve as gas discharge holes (25-7), and the cooling holes (25-2) are in buffer communication with the outside of the crucible body (25) through the gas discharge holes (25-7).
2. A crucible device suitable for use in hypergravity directional solidification according to claim 1, wherein: the heat dissipation groove (25-6) penetrates through the outer wall of the positioning flange block (25-5), and the bottom of the heat dissipation groove (25-6) penetrates through the bottom surface of the positioning flange block (25-5).
3. A crucible device suitable for use in hypergravity directional solidification according to claim 1, wherein: the heat radiation groove (25-4) axially penetrates out of the top surface of the crucible body (25), and the radial outer side part of the heat radiation groove (25-6) penetrates out of the peripheral surface of the crucible body (25).
4. A crucible device suitable for use in hypergravity directional solidification according to claim 1, wherein: the crucible body (25) is used for containing molten metal/metal samples in the directional solidification process under the hypergravity environment.
5. A crucible device suitable for use in hypergravity directional solidification according to claim 1, wherein: the crucible body (25) is made of high-strength ceramic materials.
6. A crucible device suitable for use in hypergravity directional solidification according to claim 1, wherein: the cooling gas is liquid nitrogen, compressed air and the like, the temperature of the cooling gas is not higher than 5 ℃, and the pressure is not higher than 5Mpa.
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| PCT/CN2020/076972 WO2021047149A1 (en) | 2019-09-10 | 2020-02-27 | Crucible device suitable for use in supergravity directional solidification |
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| CN110523958B (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2024-02-27 | 浙江大学 | Crucible device suitable for supergravity directional solidification |
| CN111014624A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-17 | 苏州金江铜业有限公司 | In-situ inter-cooling device for manufacturing hollow beryllium-aluminum alloy structure |
| CN111496213A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-08-07 | 浙江大学 | Centrifugal supergravity directional casting system and method with partition heating function |
| CN111441081B (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2023-10-27 | 浙江大学 | Centrifugal supergravity casting and directional solidification system |
| CN111496214A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-08-07 | 浙江大学 | Cantilever type centrifugal supergravity casting device |
| CN111707560A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-25 | 威胜利工程有限公司 | Cooling structure for low-temperature anchoring performance test |
| CN113639557B (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2023-07-28 | 西安石油大学 | Crucible for aluminum oxide-based eutectic ceramic part for directional solidification aeroengine |
| CN117779179B (en) * | 2024-02-23 | 2024-06-07 | 苏州优晶半导体科技股份有限公司 | Single crystal growth device and single crystal growth method |
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