CN110512103A - It is a kind of improve the element containing Zr Al-Cu-Li alloy in Al3The method of Zr phase disperse educt - Google Patents
It is a kind of improve the element containing Zr Al-Cu-Li alloy in Al3The method of Zr phase disperse educt Download PDFInfo
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- CN110512103A CN110512103A CN201910772780.4A CN201910772780A CN110512103A CN 110512103 A CN110512103 A CN 110512103A CN 201910772780 A CN201910772780 A CN 201910772780A CN 110512103 A CN110512103 A CN 110512103A
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/057—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with copper as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The present invention relates to Al in a kind of Al-Cu-Li alloy for improving the element containing Zr3The method of Zr phase disperse educt, the Al-Cu-Li alloy is grouped as by each group of following weight percent content: Zr0.05~0.2%, Cu2.0~4.5%, Li0.5~3.0%, Ag0~0.7%, Mg0.2~0.8%, Mn0~0.5%, Fe0~0.12%, Si0~0.20%, and the Ti of surplus, step are as follows: use melting, casting obtains alloy cast ingot, the weight percent of Zr is 0.05~0.2% in ingot casting, ingot casting is warming up to 380~440 DEG C from room temperature with 10~100 DEG C/h and keeps the temperature 4~20h, then continue ingot casting to be warming up to 500~540 DEG C with 2~50 DEG C/h and keeps the temperature 8~40h, with 5~500 DEG C after the completion of ingot casting heat preservation / h is cooled to room temperature, after the processing of this method, Al in alloy structure3Zr disperse phase distribution density reaches 150~500/μm2.Present invention aims at by process optimization improve aluminum substrate in nano-phase particulate Dispersed precipitate degree, and finally improve material comprehensive mechanical property and fatigue life.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nonferrous materials Field of Heat-treatment, and in particular to a kind of Al-Cu-Li conjunction for improving the element containing Zr
Al in gold3The method of Zr phase disperse educt.
Background technique
Aluminium alloy has the characteristics that high specific strength, excellent formability and corrosion resistance, has been widely used for aviation boat
Its equipment, the manufacture of communications and transportation components, engineering component and civil field.Wherein Al-Cu line aluminium alloy is especially in aerospace
The fields such as equipment are widely used, and in order to further increase Al-Cu line aluminium alloy comprehensive performance and reduce its density, are had developed new
The Al-Cu-Li alloy of type element containing Zr, the typical trade mark have 2196,2055,2099 etc..Such alloy, which removes, has tradition Al-Cu
Outside the excellent performance of alloy, addition Li element keeps its density smaller, and addition Zr element inhibits recrystallization to keep its high-temperature behavior more preferable.
Aluminium alloy is formed based on different chemical components, and there are significant differences for the disperse phase type and size in tissue.Needle
To series alloys such as Al-Cu, Al-Zn, Al-Mn classes, heat treatment generates the disperse phase point of different crystalline forms and differentiation
Cloth, in Al-Cu-Li-Zr aluminium alloy, the hot-working character, mechanical property and fatigue of the Dispersed precipitate of precipitated phase for material
There is very important influence in service life.
Recrystallization of the gold in thermal deformation process that be involutory is precipitated and inhibits to have the function of positive, how tissue to be inhibited to reply
And recrystallize, control growing up for recrystal grain, it is one of the important indicator of examination homogenization thermal effectiveness superiority and inferiority.It is big at present
Patent of the part about dispersion phase precipitation, focuses primarily upon the single disperse of Al-Zn series alloy He tradition Al-Cu series alloy
The Heat Treatment Control method being mutually precipitated, the method for use is relatively simple, and, intensity better new A l-Cu- lower for density
The method that the disperse phase control of Li-Zr alloy is precipitated yet there are no play-by-play.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned deficiency in the presence of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of Al-Cu- for improving the element containing Zr
Al in Li alloy3The method of Zr phase disperse educt.
Present invention provide the technical scheme that
It is a kind of improve the element containing Zr Al-Cu-Li alloy in Al3The method of Zr phase disperse educt, which is characterized in that described
Al-Cu-Li alloy is grouped as by each group of following weight percent content: Zr0.05~0.2%, Cu2.0~4.5%, Li0.5
~3.0%, Ag0~0.7%, Mg0.2~0.8%, Mn0~0.5%, Fe0~0.12%, Si0~0.20% and surplus
Ti。
Preferably, the preparation method includes following preparation step:
(1) melting, casting obtain the Al-Cu-Li alloy cast ingot of the element containing Zr by the way of vacuum or gas shield；
(2) by the Al-Cu-Li alloy cast ingot of the element containing Zr from room temperature with the average heating rate of 10~100 DEG C/h
380~440 DEG C are warming up to, and keeps the temperature 4~20h；
(3) the Al-Cu-Li alloy cast ingot of the element containing Zr in the step (2) is continued with the average liter of 2~50 DEG C/h
Warm rate is warming up to 500~540 DEG C, and keeps the temperature 8~40h, is cooled to room temperature after ingot casting heat preservation.
Preferably, in the step (3) the cooling cooling medium used of the Al-Cu-Li alloy cast ingot of the element containing Zr for water,
Atomized water, salt water or air, and cooling rate is 5~500 DEG C/h.
Preferably, the ingot casting that the Al-Cu-Li alloy cast ingot of the element containing Zr obtains after being cooled to room temperature in the step (3)
Al in tissue3The number density that Zr disperse phase is distributed most close quarters is 150~500/μm2。
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
Al in a kind of Al-Cu-Li alloy improving the element containing Zr provided by the invention3The method of Zr phase disperse educt, it is first
Vacuum or inert gas shielded melting technology are first passed through, alloying element cu, Li, Zr, Ag, Mn, Mg etc. are added in aluminum substrate,
Vacuum or the inert gas founding characteristic excessively active primarily directed to Li element, reduction are contacted with air, are reduced and are aoxidized；
After ingot casting shaping, twin-stage heat treatment is carried out immediately, and the first order is heat-treated the heat treatment for belonging to lower temperature, to promote
Make Al3Zr particle forming core as the main purpose, is grown up along with some particles, and second level heat treatment belongs to higher temperature heat treatment,
To promote metal grain inner alloy element homogenization to be distributed based on less segregation, while being accompanied by part Al3Zr particle forming core
It grows up.Al in a kind of Al-Cu-Li alloy improving the element containing Zr proposed by the present invention3The method of Zr phase disperse educt, feature
It is sufficiently to be improved in the case of other potential complicated second phases influence unknown for the novel Al-Cu-Li alloy containing Zr
Al3To realize recrystallization length does not occur or occurs less for the Dispersed precipitate of Zr particle in ingot casting subsequent thermal processing and heat treatment process
Greatly, and then material comprehensive mechanical property and fatigue life are improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the stereoscan photograph of nanoscale precipitated phase in 1 alloy of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the stereoscan photograph of nanoscale precipitated phase in 2 alloy of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the stereoscan photograph of nanoscale precipitated phase in 3 alloy of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the stereoscan photograph of nanoscale precipitated phase in 4 alloy of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the stereoscan photograph of nanoscale precipitated phase in 5 alloy of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the stereoscan photograph of nanoscale precipitated phase in 6 alloy of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the stereoscan photograph of nanoscale precipitated phase in 7 alloy of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the stereoscan photograph of nanoscale precipitated phase in 1 alloy of comparative example of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the stereoscan photograph of nanoscale precipitated phase in 2 alloy of comparative example of the present invention；
Figure 10 is Al of the present invention3Zr particle amplifies the pattern photo of 200,000 times of precipitated phases.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention provides Al in a kind of Al-Cu-Li alloy for improving the element containing Zr3The method of Zr phase disperse educt, purport
Zr element is controlled being heat-treated by adjusting heat treatment heating rate, holding temperature, soaking time, rate of temperature fall and twin-stage
Disperse phase forming core and behavior of growing up in as-cast structure obtain the optimal diameter dimension of disperse phase, number density and are uniformly distributed,
To realize the purpose for inhibiting material to recrystallize degree in hot procedure.
It is a kind of improve the element containing Zr Al-Cu-Li alloy in Al3The method of Zr phase disperse educt, which is characterized in that described
Al-Cu-Li alloy is grouped as by each group of following weight percent content: Zr0.05~0.2%, Cu2.0~4.5%, Li0.5
~3.0%, Ag0~0.7%, Mg0.2~0.8%, Mn0~0.5%, Fe0~0.12%, Si0~0.20% and surplus
Ti。
Wherein, preparation method includes following preparation step:
Step (1) melting, casting by the way of vacuum or gas shield obtain the Al-Cu-Li alloy casting of the element containing Zr
Ingot；
Step (2) is by the Al-Cu-Li alloy cast ingot of the element containing Zr from room temperature with the average heating of 10~100 DEG C/h
Rate is warming up to 380~440 DEG C, and keeps the temperature 4~20h；
Step (3) continues the Al-Cu-Li alloy cast ingot of the element containing Zr in the step (2) with the flat of 2~50 DEG C/h
Equal heating rate is warming up to 500~540 DEG C, and keeps the temperature 8~40h, is cooled to room temperature after ingot casting heat preservation.
Wherein, the cooling medium that the Al-Cu-Li alloy cast ingot cooling of the element containing Zr uses in the step (3) is water, mist
Change water, salt water or air, and cooling rate is 5~500 DEG C/h；
In the ingot structure that the Al-Cu-Li alloy cast ingot of the element containing Zr obtains after being cooled to room temperature in the step (3)
Al3The number density that Zr disperse phase is distributed most close quarters is 150~500/μm2；
Also, the single Al-Cu-Li ternary alloy three-partalloy of the alloy species that the heat treatment process is directed to not instead of ingredient, also
It include the alloy of other trace alloying elements, wherein the weight percent of Zr element is 0.05%~0.2%, Cu element
It is the mass fraction of 0.5~3.0%, Ag element is 0~0.7% that mass fraction, which is the mass fraction of 2.0~4.5%, Li element,
The mass fraction of Mg element be 0.2~0.8%, Mn element mass fraction be 0~0.5%, Fe element mass fraction be 0~
The mass fraction of 0.12%, Si element is that the mass fraction of 0~0.20%, Ti element is 0.01~0.15%.
By after this heat treatment, Al in alloy cast ingot tissue3Zr disperse phase distribution density can reach 150~500/μ
m2, much higher than in other series alloys or other heat treatment process obtain precipitated phase distribution density.
Embodiment 1
Using the component and weight percent of the Al-Cu-Li alloy of the element containing Zr are as follows: Cu 2.70%, Li 1.80%, Mg
0.50%, Ag 0.40%, Mn 0.03%, Fe 0.08%, Si 0.10%, Ti 0.07%, Zr 0.09%, remaining is Al,
All kinds of raw materials progress melting, casting are obtained into required ingot casting, ingot casting is risen to 400 DEG C from room temperature with the heating rate of 50 DEG C/h,
4h is kept the temperature, ingot casting is then warming up to 515 DEG C, soaking time 16h with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/h, is used rapidly after ingot casting heat preservation
Room temperature water quenching is cooling, so that the distribution density of the disperse phase of aluminium alloy is in 207/μm2。
Embodiment 2
Using the component and weight percent of the Al-Cu-Li alloy of the element containing Zr are as follows: Cu 3.20%, Li 1.50%, Mg
0.50%, Ag 0.30%, Mn 0.35%, Fe 0.10%, Si0.05%, Ti 0.04%, Zr 0.10%, remaining is Al, will
All kinds of raw materials carry out melting, casting obtains required ingot casting, and ingot casting is risen to 400 DEG C from room temperature with the heating rate of 100 DEG C/h, is protected
Then ingot casting is warming up to 515 DEG C, soaking time 16h with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/h, quenched rapidly after ingot casting heat preservation by warm 10h
Fire is cooling, so that the distribution density of the disperse phase of aluminium alloy is in 256/μm2。
Embodiment 3
Using the component and weight percent of Al-Cu-Li alloy are as follows: Cu 4.10%, Li 1.20%, Ag 0.40%, Mn
0.35%, Mg 0.34%, Fe 0.10%, Si0.10%, Ti 0.06%, Zr 0.09%, remaining is Al, by all kinds of raw materials into
Row melting, casting obtain required ingot casting, and ingot casting is risen to 420 DEG C, soaking time 4h from room temperature with the heating rate of 60 DEG C/h,
Then ingot casting is warming up to 515 DEG C, soaking time 16h with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/h, quenching cooling rapidly after ingot casting heat preservation,
So that the distribution density of the disperse phase of aluminium alloy is in 206/μm2。
Embodiment 4
Using the component and weight percent of Al-Cu-Li alloy are as follows: Cu 2.35%, Li 1.6%, Mg 0.20%, Mn
0.30%, Fe 0.07%, Si 0.05%, Ti 0.06%, Zr 0.10%, remaining is Al.All kinds of raw materials are subjected to melting, casting
It makes to obtain required ingot casting, ingot casting is risen to 400 DEG C, soaking time 4h from room temperature with the heating rate of 60 DEG C/h, it then will casting
Ingot is warming up to 500 DEG C, soaking time 8h with the heating rate of 2 DEG C/h, quenching cooling rapidly after ingot casting heat preservation, so that aluminium alloy
Disperse phase distribution density in 200/μm2。
Embodiment 5
Using the component and weight percent of Al-Cu-Li alloy are as follows: Cu 3.0%, Li 1.50%, Mg 0.35%, Mn
0.15%, Fe 0.15%, Si 0.08%, Ti 0.08%, Zr 0.10% remaining be Al.All kinds of raw materials are subjected to melting, casting
It makes to obtain required ingot casting, ingot casting is risen to 400 DEG C, soaking time 4h from room temperature with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/h, it then will casting
Ingot is warming up to 540 DEG C, soaking time 32h with the heating rate of 50 DEG C/h, quenching cooling rapidly after ingot casting heat preservation, so that aluminium closes
The distribution density of the disperse phase of gold is in 290/μm2。
Embodiment 6
Using the component and weight percent of Al-Cu-Li alloy are as follows: Cu 3.5%, Li 1.20%, Mg 0.40%, Mn
0.25%, Fe 0.10%, Si 0.08%, Ti 0.10%, Zn 0.40%, Zr 0.12%, remaining is Al, by all kinds of raw materials
Progress melting, casting obtain required ingot casting, ingot casting are risen to 380 DEG C from room temperature with the heating rate of 50 DEG C/h, soaking time is
Then ingot casting is warming up to 515 DEG C, soaking time 32h with the heating rate of 30 DEG C/h, quenched rapidly after ingot casting heat preservation by 20h
It is cooling, so that the distribution density of the disperse phase of aluminium alloy is in 204/μm2。
Embodiment 7
Using the component and weight percent of Al-Cu-Li-Zr-Ag alloy are as follows: Cu 1.90%, Li 1.78%, Mg
0.45%, Mn 0.03%, Ag 0.35%, Fe 0.08%, Ti 0.07%, Zr 0.10%, remaining is Al, by all kinds of raw materials
Progress melting, casting obtain required ingot casting, ingot casting are risen to 400 DEG C from room temperature with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/h, soaking time is
Then ingot casting is warming up to 515 DEG C, soaking time 4h with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/h, quenched rapidly after ingot casting heat preservation cold by 4h
But, so that the distribution density of the disperse phase of aluminium alloy is in 150/μm2。
Comparative example 1
Using the component and weight percent of Al-Cu-Li alloy are as follows: Cu 2.50%, Li 1.50%, Mg 0.45%, Ag
0.38%, Mn 0.03%, Fe 0.10%, Si0.10%, Ti0.07%, Zr 0.09%, remaining is Al, by all kinds of raw materials into
Row melting, casting obtain required ingot casting, and ingot casting is risen to 450 DEG C, soaking time 4h from room temperature with the heating rate of 50 DEG C/h,
Then ingot casting is warming up to 515 DEG C, soaking time 16h with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/h, quenching cooling rapidly after ingot casting heat preservation,
So that the distribution density of the disperse phase of aluminium alloy is in 109/μm2。
Comparative example 2
Using the component and weight percent of Al-Cu-Li alloy are as follows: Cu 3.5%, Li 1.80%, Mg 0.45%, Ag
0.45%, Mn 0.03%, Fe 0.08%, Ti 0.07%, Zr 0.10%, remaining is Al, and all kinds of raw materials are carried out melting, casting
It makes to obtain required ingot casting, ingot casting is risen to 515 DEG C, soaking time 16h from room temperature with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/h, ingot casting heat preservation
Quenching cooling rapidly afterwards, so that the distribution density of the disperse phase of aluminium alloy is in 73/μm2。
Wherein, in FIG. 1 to FIG. 7 be respectively 1~embodiment of embodiment, 7 aluminium alloy in disperse phase stereoscan photograph；
Fig. 8~Fig. 9 is respectively the stereoscan photograph of the disperse phase in 1~comparative example of comparative example, 2 aluminium alloy；
Each embodiment and comparative example when carrying out number density statistics, select multiple groups side length 5um x 5um region into
Row scanning analysis is counted with the maximum region of density, however not excluded that there is the situation appearance less than the value in other atypia regions.
Also, Figure 10 gives the Al being precipitated in the alloy in embodiment 13The microscopic appearance that 200,000 times of Zr disperse phase,
The disperse phase is dispersed in aluminum substrate, and particle diameter is 15~20nm.
The aluminium alloy disperse phase distribution density that 1 embodiment and comparative example of table obtains
The distribution density of the disperse phase of the aluminium alloy of embodiment and comparative example acquisition is listed in chart 1 as above, it is seen that real
Apply the disperse phase distribution for the alloy that example 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, embodiment 5, embodiment 6 and embodiment 7 obtain
Density is respectively 207/μm2, 256/μm2, 206/μm2, 200/μm2, 290/μm2, 204/μm2, 150/μ
m2；
The disperse phase distribution density for the alloy that comparative example 1, comparative example 2 obtain is respectively 109/μm2, 73/μm2, it is real
Apply the disperse phase number density that the disperse phase number density in example is significantly greater than in comparative example.
Finally it should be noted that these are only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention, it is right
For those skilled in the art, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention,
Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done are all contained in and apply within pending scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (4)
1. Al in a kind of Al-Cu-Li alloy for improving the element containing Zr3The method of Zr phase disperse educt, which is characterized in that the Al-
Cu-Li alloy is grouped as by each group of following weight percent content: Zr0.05~0.2%, Cu2.0~4.5%, Li0.5~
3.0%, Ag0~0.7%, Mg0.2~0.8%, Mn0~0.5%, Fe0~0.12%, Si0~0.20% and surplus
Ti。
2. Al in the Al-Cu-Li alloy of the element according to claim 1 containing Zr3The method of Zr phase disperse educt, feature
It is, preparation method includes following preparation step:
(1) melting, casting obtain the Al-Cu-Li alloy cast ingot of the element containing Zr by the way of vacuum or gas shield；
(2) the Al-Cu-Li alloy cast ingot of the element containing Zr is heated up from room temperature with the average heating rate of 10~100 DEG C/h
To 380~440 DEG C, and keep the temperature 4~20h；
(3) the Al-Cu-Li alloy cast ingot of the element containing Zr in the step (2) is continued to the average heating speed with 2~50 DEG C/h
Rate is warming up to 500~540 DEG C, and keeps the temperature 8~40h, is cooled to room temperature after ingot casting heat preservation.
3. Al in the Al-Cu-Li alloy of the element according to claim 2 containing Zr3The method of Zr phase disperse educt, feature
It is, the cooling cooling medium used of the Al-Cu-Li alloy cast ingot of the element containing Zr is water, atomized water, salt in the step (3)
Water or air, and cooling rate is 5~500 DEG C/h.
4. Al in the Al-Cu-Li alloy of the element according to claim 2 containing Zr3The method of Zr phase disperse educt, feature
It is, Al in the ingot structure that the Al-Cu-Li alloy cast ingot of the element containing Zr obtains after being cooled to room temperature in the step (3)3Zr
The number density that disperse phase is distributed most close quarters is 150~500/μm2。
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| CN114561578A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-05-31 | 中南大学 | Aluminum lithium alloy and heat treatment process thereof |
| CN115747593A (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2023-03-07 | 西安交通大学 | High-temperature-resistant Al-Cu-Mg series aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112210703A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2021-01-12 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | High-recrystallization-resistance and high-toughness aluminum lithium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114086044B (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-17 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | Light high-strength Al-Cu-Li alloy extrusion material and processing method thereof |
| CN114561578A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-05-31 | 中南大学 | Aluminum lithium alloy and heat treatment process thereof |
| CN115747593A (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2023-03-07 | 西安交通大学 | High-temperature-resistant Al-Cu-Mg series aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
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