CN107779706A - A kind of aluminium lithium alloy and pressing method - Google Patents

A kind of aluminium lithium alloy and pressing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107779706A
CN107779706A CN201711283590.3A CN201711283590A CN107779706A CN 107779706 A CN107779706 A CN 107779706A CN 201711283590 A CN201711283590 A CN 201711283590A CN 107779706 A CN107779706 A CN 107779706A
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forging
temperature
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lithium alloy
aluminium lithium
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CN107779706B (en
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何维维
冯朝辉
王胜强
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AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials
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AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/18—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with zinc
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/16—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with magnesium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/057—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with copper as the next major constituent

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to metal material engineering field, is related to a kind of aluminium lithium alloy material and pressing method.The mass fraction of its alloying component is Cu：3%~4.2%；Mg 0.2%~1.4%；Li：0.6%~1.5%；Ag：0~1%；Zr：0.06%~0.15%；Mn：0.2%~0.6%；Zn：0~0.8%；Si≤0.08%；Fe≤0.10%；Other impurity are single≤and 0.05%；Other total impurities≤0.15%, surplus Al.The step of extruding, is as follows：Homogenization Treatments；Extruding.The present invention proposes for example a kind of aluminium lithium alloy material and pressing method, is avoided that critical saturated alloying element can produce a large amount of grain boundary precipitates, causes a large amount of original grain boundaries to remain, and improves height to elongation percentage, meets the requirement of the big think gauge products of manufacture more than 40mm.

Description

A kind of aluminium lithium alloy and pressing method
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal material engineering field, is related to a kind of aluminium lithium alloy material and pressing method.
Technical background
Aluminium lithium alloy obtains low-density, high-modulus characteristic, in Aero-Space, nuclear industry, friendship due to the addition of elemental lithium The fields such as logical transport, sports goods, weapons have broad application prospects.In recent years, with metallurgy of aluminium equipment technology and metallurgy The horizontal raising of basic technology is learned, the development trend of aluminium alloy is high-purity, high-performance and high-alloying, has occurred passing through The 600MPa levels of casting technology manufacture and the aluminium alloy that 800MPa levels are manufactured by PM technique.500MPa level aluminium lithium alloys In advanced opportunity of combat, airliner and the upper ripe application of aerospace delivery equipment.Current aluminum alloy materials alloying element adds Enter high temperature critical saturation solid solubility of the amount near or above aluminium solid solution.Critical saturated alloying element can produce a large amount of grain boundary precipitates Phase, these mutually have " pinning " effect during plastic forming, so as to a large amount of original grain boundaries residual occur, cause vehicle height to Elongation percentage is relatively low, is unsuitable for manufacturing the big think gauge materials of more than 40mm.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is：A kind of aluminium lithium alloy material and pressing method are proposed, to avoid critical saturated alloying member Element can produce a large amount of grain boundary precipitates, cause a large amount of original grain boundaries to remain, and improve high big to elongation percentage, satisfaction manufacture more than 40mm The requirement of think gauge product.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of aluminium lithium alloy, it is characterised in that：The mass fraction of its alloying component is Cu： 3%~4.2%；Mg 0.2%~1.4%；Li：0.6%~1.5%；Ag：0~1%；Zr：0.06%~0.15%；Mn： 0.2%~0.6%；Zn：0~0.8%；Si≤0.08%；Fe≤0.10%；Other impurity are single≤and 0.05%；Other impurity Total amount≤0.15%, surplus Al.
The pressing method of aluminium lithium alloy as described above, it is characterised in that as follows the step of extruding：
1st, Homogenization Treatments：Blank is heated to 420 DEG C~430 DEG C, soaking time is 2h~8h；Continue to be warming up to 480 DEG C~500 DEG C, soaking time more than 36 hours；Furnace cooling is to 200 DEG C, air cooling to room temperature；
2nd, extrude：Carry out, be carried out in three steps using " high temperature-low temperature replaces forging/extruding " method：
2.1st, ingot casting hammer cogging, initial forging temperature are not less than 380 DEG C, and final forging temperature is not less than 350 DEG C, and forging ratio is not less than 3；
2.2nd, cryogenic forging：Initial forging temperature is not higher than 340 DEG C, and forging ratio is not less than 2.5；
2.3rd, extrude, extrusion blank temperature is not less than 380 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is not less than 6.
It is an advantage of the invention that：For example a kind of aluminium lithium alloy material and pressing method are proposed, is avoided that critical saturated alloying Element can produce a large amount of grain boundary precipitates, cause a large amount of original grain boundaries to remain, and improve height to elongation percentage, meet manufacture 40mm The requirement of big think gauge product above.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further details below.A kind of aluminium lithium alloy, it is characterised in that：The quality of its alloying component Fraction is Cu：3%~4.2%；Mg 0.2%~1.4%；Li：0.6%~1.5%；Ag：0~1%；Zr：0.06%~ 0.15%；Mn：0.2%~0.6%；Zn：0~0.8%；Si≤0.08%；Fe≤0.10%；Other impurity are single≤ 0.05%；Other total impurities≤0.15%, surplus Al.
The pressing method of aluminium lithium alloy as described above, it is characterised in that as follows the step of extruding：
1st, Homogenization Treatments：Blank is heated to 420 DEG C~430 DEG C, soaking time is 2h~8h；Continue to be warming up to 480 DEG C~500 DEG C, soaking time more than 36 hours；Furnace cooling is to 200 DEG C, air cooling to room temperature；
2nd, extrude：Carry out, be carried out in three steps using " high temperature-low temperature replaces forging/extruding " method：
2.1st, ingot casting hammer cogging, initial forging temperature are not less than 380 DEG C, and final forging temperature is not less than 350 DEG C, and forging ratio is not less than 3；
2.2nd, cryogenic forging：Initial forging temperature is not higher than 340 DEG C, and forging ratio is not less than 2.5；
2.3rd, extrude, extrusion blank temperature is not less than 380 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is not less than 6.
The present invention operation principle be：The present invention is a kind of aluminium lithium alloy of alloying element close to critical saturation solid solubility, Appropriate adjustment Cu/Li ratios, take into account material high-strength tenacity and low-density, rationally apply Mg elements, improve alloy tough matching and Chipping resistance corrosive nature.
The present invention is employed in terms of material preparation technology the characteristics of a kind of " high temperature-low temperature replaces forging/extruding " Combination technological method, solve the aluminium lithium alloy thermal deformation original grain boundary residue problem of alloying component near critical saturation solid solubility, Height is improved to plasticity, the technology of preparing for realizing the big strong aluminium of think gauge superelevation (lithium) alloy material breaks through.The first step is using high Warm forging is made, and using the process plastic of alloy cast ingot at high temperature, is ensured the smooth forging deformation of material, is preliminarily formed Deformation structure, The forming property under material lower temperature is improved, so as to ensure the smooth implementation of second step cryogenic forging；Second step is using relatively low Temperature is forged, and crystal grain is fully broken in forging process, and processing hardening is mainly eliminated based on dynamic recovery, forms stronger dislocation, And obtain higher intergranular energy storage；3rd step is extruded using high-temperature, and second step shaping acquisition is higher in blank heating process Intergranular energy storage will promote to recrystallize, so as to eliminate original grain boundary；And " pinning " effect of dislocation will suppress the length of recrystal grain Greatly, so as to obtaining compared with fine grain；Subsequent high temperature thermal deformation can form the subgrain texture with Strengthening and Toughening characteristic.
The present invention improves the strength of materials and toughness level of aggregation by high-alloying.In preparation technology, by " high temperature- Low temperature replaces forging/extruding " combination process eliminates a large amount of original grain boundaries, obtains compared with fine grain and subgrain microstructure texture, comprehensively The strength of materials, toughness and height are lifted to plasticity.The present invention uses innovative approach in alloying and fabricating technology, significantly carries The high strength of materials and tenacity levels, have significant progressive.
Embodiment 1
Alloying component contains：4.0%Cu, 0.8%Mg, 1.2%Li, 0.4%Ag, 0.10%Zr, 0.4%Mn, 0.4% Zn, Si≤0.08%, Fe≤0.10%, other impurity are single≤and 0.05%, total amount≤0.15%, surplus Al.
Homogenization Treatments：Blank is heated to 420 DEG C, soaking time 6h；Continue to be warming up to 480 DEG C, soaking time 38 Hour；Furnace cooling is to 200 DEG C, air cooling to room temperature；
Ingot casting hammer cogging, 380 DEG C of initial forging temperature, 350 DEG C of final forging temperature, forging ratio 3；
Cryogenic forging：340 DEG C of initial forging temperature, forging ratio 2.5；
Extruding, 400 DEG C of extrusion blank temperature, extrusion ratio 6.
Embodiment 2
Alloying component contains：4.0%Cu, 0.4%Mg, 1.2%Li, 0.4%Ag, 0.10%Zr, 0.4%Mn, Si≤ 0.08%, Fe≤0.10%, other impurity are single≤and 0.05%, total amount≤0.15%, surplus Al.
Homogenization Treatments：Blank is heated to 420 DEG C, soaking time 2h；Continue to be warming up to 490 DEG C, soaking time 38 Hour；Furnace cooling is to 200 DEG C, air cooling to room temperature；
Ingot casting hammer cogging, 400 DEG C of initial forging temperature, 360 DEG C of final forging temperature, forging ratio 3.5；
Cryogenic forging：300 DEG C of initial forging temperature, forging ratio 3.3；
Extruding, 380 DEG C of extrusion blank temperature, extrusion ratio 6.
Embodiment 3
Alloying component contains：3.2%Cu, 1.2%Mg, 1.0%Li, 0.4%Ag, 0.10%Zr, 0.4%Mn, Si≤ 0.08%, Fe≤0.10%, other impurity are single≤and 0.05%, total amount≤0.15%, surplus Al.
Homogenization Treatments：Blank is heated to 420 DEG C, soaking time 8h；Continue to be warming up to 500 DEG C, soaking time 38 Hour；Furnace cooling is to 200 DEG C, air cooling to room temperature；
Ingot casting hammer cogging, 420 DEG C of initial forging temperature, 350 DEG C of final forging temperature, forging ratio 4；
Cryogenic forging：260 DEG C of initial forging temperature, forging ratio 2.5；
Extruding, 390 DEG C of extrusion blank temperature, extrusion ratio 6.
Embodiment 4
Alloying component contains：3.6%Cu, 1.0%Mg, 1.0%Li, 0.4%Ag, 0.10%Zr, 0.4%Mn, Si≤ 0.08%, Fe≤0.10%, other impurity are single≤and 0.05%, total amount≤0.15%, surplus Al.
Homogenization Treatments：Blank is heated to 430 DEG C, soaking time 6h；Continue to be warming up to 500 DEG C, soaking time 38 Hour；Furnace cooling is to 200 DEG C, air cooling to room temperature；
Ingot casting hammer cogging, 440 DEG C of initial forging temperature, 350 DEG C of final forging temperature, forging ratio 3.2；
Cryogenic forging：250 DEG C of initial forging temperature, forging ratio 2.8；
Extruding, 410 DEG C of extrusion blank temperature, extrusion ratio 6.
Embodiment 5
Alloying component contains：3.7%Cu, 0.8%Mg, 1.1%Li, 0.4%Ag, 0.10%Zr, 0.4%Mn, Si≤ 0.08%, Fe≤0.10%, other impurity are single≤and 0.05%, total amount≤0.15%, surplus Al.
Homogenization Treatments：Blank is heated to 430 DEG C, soaking time 6h；Continue to be warming up to 500 DEG C, soaking time 38 Hour；Furnace cooling is to 200 DEG C, air cooling to room temperature；
Ingot casting hammer cogging, 460 DEG C of initial forging temperature, 350 DEG C of final forging temperature, forging ratio 3.6；
Cryogenic forging：280 DEG C of initial forging temperature, forging ratio 2.8；
Extruding, 420 DEG C of extrusion blank temperature, extrusion ratio 6.
Aluminium lithium alloy 45mm thickness flat board made of 5 embodiments is heat-treated.Being heat-treated implementing process parameter is：500℃/ 2h, water quenching；2.0% cold compression；120℃/6h+160℃/10h.
The material property comparing result as made of invented technology and traditional handicraft is shown in Table 1.
The aluminium lithium alloy material property result of table 1

Claims (2)

  1. A kind of 1. aluminium lithium alloy, it is characterised in that：The mass fraction of its alloying component is Cu：3%~4.2%；Mg 0.2%~ 1.4%；Li：0.6%~1.5%；Ag：0~1%；Zr：0.06%~0.15%；Mn：0.2%~0.6%；Zn：0~ 0.8%；Si≤0.08%；Fe≤0.10%；Other impurity are single≤and 0.05%；Other total impurities≤0.15%, surplus are Al。
  2. 2. the pressing method of aluminium lithium alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that as follows the step of extruding：
    2.1st, Homogenization Treatments：Blank is heated to 420 DEG C~430 DEG C, soaking time is 2h~8h；Continue to be warming up to 480 DEG C ~500 DEG C, soaking time more than 36 hours；Furnace cooling is to 200 DEG C, air cooling to room temperature；
    2.2nd, extrude：Carry out, be carried out in three steps using " high temperature-low temperature replaces forging/extruding " method：
    2.2.1, ingot casting hammer cogging, initial forging temperature are not less than 380 DEG C, and final forging temperature is not less than 350 DEG C, and forging ratio is not less than 3；
    2.2.2, cryogenic forging：Initial forging temperature is not higher than 340 DEG C, and forging ratio is not less than 2.5；
    2.2.3, extrude, extrusion blank temperature is not less than 380 DEG C, and extrusion ratio is not less than 6.
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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108823519A (en) * 2018-07-02 2018-11-16 鼎镁（昆山）新材料科技有限公司 Strong height prolongs deformation aluminium lithium alloy and its heat treatment method in a kind of high Mg content
CN110512103A (en) * 2019-08-21 2019-11-29 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 It is a kind of improve the element containing Zr Al-Cu-Li alloy in Al3The method of Zr phase disperse educt
CN111575561A (en) * 2020-05-25 2020-08-25 江苏豪然喷射成形合金有限公司 Aluminum-lithium alloy for large-depth pressure-bearing shell and preparation method thereof
WO2021008428A1 (en) * 2019-07-17 2021-01-21 中南大学 Ultrahigh-strength aluminum-lithium alloy and preparation method therefor
CN112756789A (en) * 2021-04-12 2021-05-07 北京煜鼎增材制造研究院有限公司 Laser-arc composite additive manufacturing method for aluminum-lithium alloy large-scale component
CN114951520A (en) * 2022-05-05 2022-08-30 武汉理工大学 High-efficiency low-consumption forging method for high-strength aluminum alloy
CN115747682A (en) * 2022-12-05 2023-03-07 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 Homogenizing method of 2196 aluminum alloy

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CN103173664A (en) * 2013-04-19 2013-06-26 上海嘉朗实业有限公司 Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloy material and application thereof on aluminum control arm of automobile
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CN106521270A (en) * 2016-12-07 2017-03-22 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 Thermal treatment process for improving corrosion resistance of aluminum-lithium alloy
CN106591632A (en) * 2016-12-07 2017-04-26 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 Thermal treatment process for improving comprehensive performance of aluminum-lithium alloy
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CN102021457A (en) * 2010-10-27 2011-04-20 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 High-toughness aluminum lithium alloy and preparation method thereof
CN104046853A (en) * 2013-03-11 2014-09-17 亚太轻合金(南通)科技有限公司 Aluminium alloy extruded profile of vehicle power arm and manufacturing technology thereof
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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108823519A (en) * 2018-07-02 2018-11-16 鼎镁（昆山）新材料科技有限公司 Strong height prolongs deformation aluminium lithium alloy and its heat treatment method in a kind of high Mg content
WO2021008428A1 (en) * 2019-07-17 2021-01-21 中南大学 Ultrahigh-strength aluminum-lithium alloy and preparation method therefor
CN110512103A (en) * 2019-08-21 2019-11-29 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 It is a kind of improve the element containing Zr Al-Cu-Li alloy in Al3The method of Zr phase disperse educt
CN111575561A (en) * 2020-05-25 2020-08-25 江苏豪然喷射成形合金有限公司 Aluminum-lithium alloy for large-depth pressure-bearing shell and preparation method thereof
CN111575561B (en) * 2020-05-25 2022-02-08 江苏豪然喷射成形合金有限公司 Aluminum-lithium alloy for large-depth pressure-bearing shell and preparation method thereof
CN112756789A (en) * 2021-04-12 2021-05-07 北京煜鼎增材制造研究院有限公司 Laser-arc composite additive manufacturing method for aluminum-lithium alloy large-scale component
CN112756789B (en) * 2021-04-12 2021-07-09 北京煜鼎增材制造研究院有限公司 Laser-arc composite additive manufacturing method for aluminum-lithium alloy large-scale component
CN114951520A (en) * 2022-05-05 2022-08-30 武汉理工大学 High-efficiency low-consumption forging method for high-strength aluminum alloy
CN114951520B (en) * 2022-05-05 2023-12-22 武汉理工大学 Efficient low-consumption forging method for high-strength aluminum alloy
CN115747682A (en) * 2022-12-05 2023-03-07 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 Homogenizing method of 2196 aluminum alloy

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